CN202524293U - 28 V direct current solid power controller - Google Patents
28 V direct current solid power controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN202524293U CN202524293U CN2012201506549U CN201220150654U CN202524293U CN 202524293 U CN202524293 U CN 202524293U CN 2012201506549 U CN2012201506549 U CN 2012201506549U CN 201220150654 U CN201220150654 U CN 201220150654U CN 202524293 U CN202524293 U CN 202524293U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a 28 V direct current solid power controller. The 28 V direct current solid power controller is characterized by comprising a control module and a power switching circuit, wherein the control module is connected with a host computer so as to receive a control command of the host computer and process the control command, and then control the power switching circuit according to the processed control command; and the power switching circuit is connected with the control module to perform power operation on a load under the control of the control module. The utility model provides the 28 V direct current solid power controller which combines a computer control technology with a power electronic technology, receives the control command of the host computer through a serial communication bus, and locally distributes the electricity of a 28 V power supply bus bar to electrical equipment, thus, the length and the weight of a feed cable can be greatly reduced; as multiple solid power controllers can share one communication bus, the lead wire of the conventional relay power supply coil can be omitted, and the control power consumption can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device that uses solid-state power switch and computer technology to realize distribution control, relates in particular to a kind of solid-state power controller, is used for the distribution control of field DC power systems such as aircraft, naval vessel, vehicle, industrial automation.
Background technology
Present generation aircraft, boats and ships, vehicle have been tending towards many electric control or have been controlled by electricity fully, and power consumption equipment increases day by day, and be also increasingly high to the requirement of power supply-distribution system.The tradition distribution system adopts distribution panelboard, fuse, mechanical relay, circuit breaker and feed wire to form current supply circuit, belongs to the centralized power distribution mode.Under the more situation of load number, have following shortcoming: complex operation is complicated, takies more task time of crew; The power supply coil power dissipation is big; The contact arcing very easily produces electromagnetic interference, and age limit is arranged; Not intelligent, can't realize automatic control, redundant power supply and fault tolerant electrical power supply; Circuit breaker overcurrent protection characteristic only is applicable to the load of specific current value; Whole distribution system maintainability is poor, and maintenance cost is high; Service cable quantity is many, runs through long, causes electric power system weight big, influences the maneuvering characteristics and the load-carrying of aircraft.
Power MOSFET is a kind of power controller spare with grid voltage between source electrodes control drain-source electrode current, and its required driving power is little, switching speed is fast, conducting resistance is little and be positive temperature coefficient, is prone to parallelly connectedly, can be used as solid-state power switch.Along with the power MOSFET manufacturing process is fast-developing, conducting resistance can be low to moderate several milliohms to device under the situation of through-current capacity satisfying, and can significantly reduce conduction voltage drop and power loss.There is a remarkable advantage in the utilization of noncontacting switch: do not have the machinery action, can not produce electric arc, no age limit.
On the other hand; The develop rapidly of embedded computer control technology; The microcontroller of a very little encapsulation just can reach the computing frequency of tens megahertzes, and has comprised multiple serial communication bus interface, I/O mouth and AD collection port, for realizing intelligent power control condition is provided.
The utility model content
The technical problem that the utility model will solve provides a kind of 28V DC solid power controller, and Computer Control Technology and power electronic technology are combined, and is aided with other integrated circuits, forms the 28V DC solid power controller with standalone feature.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model is taked is: a kind of 28V DC solid power controller, it is characterized in that, and comprise control module and power switch loop; Wherein, said control module connects host computer, is used to receive the control command of host computer and control command is handled, and controls said power switch loop according to the control command after handling then; Said power switch loop connects said control module, is used under the control of control module, power operation being carried out in load.
Further, said power switch loop comprises power flow concentration bar input pin, power switch, power output pin, load and the power power-supply loop line pin that electrically connects successively.
Further, said power switch is a N raceway groove insulating gate type field effect tube.
Further, said control module comprises microcontroller, logic array and the drive circuit that electrically connects successively; Said microcontroller is connected with host computer, receives the host computer instruction, is sent to the computing of logic array completion logic after handling, and exports drive circuit (4) then to drive the power switch in said power switch loop.
Further, also include the sampling resistor, current sampling circuit, the short circuit current that connect successively and compare circuit; Said sampling resistor connects power switch and power output pin, and said short circuit current relatively circuit connects logic array.
Further, also comprise the current-limiting circuit of the short circuit current in power-limiting switch loop, said current-limiting circuit one end is connected between said sampling resistor and the current sampling circuit, and the other end is connected between said drive circuit and the power switch.
Further, also include the Ultrafast recovery power diode as continuous current circuit, be in parallel with load, the reverse induction electric current that produces when being used to make disconnecting consumers can continue to consume in load.
Further, also include power supply status supervisory circuit and the voltage sampling circuit that is connected with said microcontroller; Said power supply status supervisory circuit is monitored power flow concentration bar input voltage in real time, and when voltage was equal to or greater than the setting threshold values, the power supply status supervisory circuit produced useful signal and transfers to microcontroller; Otherwise, then produce invalid signals and transfer to microcontroller; Said voltage sampling circuit is gathered load voltage in real time, and the AD port of result transmission to microcontroller is changed, and the result after the conversion reports host computer.
Further, the rated current of said 28V DC solid power controller is unfixing, can in a preset range, dispose adjustment.
Further, said 28V DC solid power controller is divided into normal condition and override state; When being positioned at the override state, the user can directly control power switch through outside override switch.
The utility model receives the PC control instruction in the zone that power consumption equipment is comparatively concentrated through serial communication bus, gives power consumption equipment with the supply power power distribution of busbar of 28V nearby, reduces the length and the weight of feeder cable greatly; A plurality of solid-state power controllers can a shared communication bus, has save the lead of traditional relay power supply coil, greatly reduces the control power consumption.
The utility model as solid-state power switch, significantly reduces the conducting line drop with the very little N raceway groove insulating gate type field effect tube of conducting resistance.The leakage current that makes 28V DC solid power controller simultaneously is below 1 microampere.Solid-state switch has also avoided traditional relay at the electric arc of opening or the mechanical contact action produces during disconnecting consumers, has thoroughly eliminated electromagnetic interference.
The utility model 28V DC solid power controller has soft switching function, promptly opens slowly and slow turn-off function.Slowly connect large capacitive load, reduce the harm of impulse current; Slowly turn-off inductive load, prevent that inverse electromotive force from damaging current supply circuit and power supply; 28V DC solid power controller also has continuous current circuit, when preventing to turn-off inductive load solid-state switch is caused damage.
The utility model 28V DC solid power controller can be switched on or switched off load at short notice through the switch command of three kinds of selectable serial communication bus reception host computers, and this time is less than the response time of traditional relay and circuit breaker.The load break-make mode that the user is desired in host computer, can realize automatic power, remote power feeding and intelligent power supply by the communication protocol design fully, avoids the crew manually to pull power switch.
The real-time acquisition circuit electric current of the utility model 28V DC solid power controller, and the ratio of the load current value of calculating collection value and setting (are I according to the inverse time protection curve
2The t curve) carries out overcurrent protection.This 28V DC solid power controller has tripping operation indication and reset function.When circuit during because of short circuit, overcurrent or overheated entering guard mode, 28V DC solid power controller is informed the externally fed switch trip through the discrete magnitude state.Can accept the host computer reset instruction after the tripping operation, remove tripped condition, load is controlled once more.
The overload protection characteristics of the utility model 28V DC solid power controller is able to programme, satisfies the overcurrent protection requirement of 20%～100% rated current scope load.I
2The t curve is also able to programme, and programmed range is 80%～180% of an initial setting up value, so can adapt to various different electric currents and the load that protection requires, and has avoided miscellaneous circuit breaker.
But the inner microcontroller of the utility model 28V DC solid power controller also the controlling bus running status, normally open or off-state, overcurrent or short-circuit protection state, busbar open circuit or off state and output voltage; Through bus feedback BIT result; Be convenient to crew's monitoring in real time and recording equipment state to adopt an effective measure; When ground, also the quick fault location of convenient for maintaining personnel significantly reduces maintenance cost and promotes efficient.
The utility model 28V DC solid power controller has been carried out Robustness Design; Has override function; Under the situation that externally communication bus or inner microcontroller lost efficacy, can surmount control to power switch, promptly open by force or switching off load through the override input pin.
In addition, under service mode, the utility model 28V DC solid power controller can be accepted host computer production identity code, serial communication baud rate, acquiescence on off state are set, and is convenient to system integrator and carries out integrated and management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the utility model 28V DC solid power controller;
Fig. 2 is the operational flow diagram of the utility model.
Wherein: 1 power switch; 2 loads; 3 power power-supply loop line pins; 4 drive circuits; 5 sampling resistors; 6 Ultrafast recovery power diodes; 7 power output pins; 8 isolating interfaces; 9 voltage references; 10 power supply status supervisory circuits; 11 microcontrollers; 12 logic array; 13 current sampling circuits; 14 voltage sampling circuits; 15 short circuit currents are circuit relatively; 16 current-limiting circuits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described further so that those skilled in the art can better understand the utility model and implementing, but the embodiment that lifts not conduct to the qualification of the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model 28V DC solid power controller comprises control module and power switch loop; Control module connects host computer, is used to receive the control command of host computer and control command is handled, and controls said power switch loop according to the control command after handling then; The power switch loop connects said control module, is used under the control of control module, power operation being carried out in load 2.
Preferably, the power switch loop comprises power flow concentration bar input pin, power switch 1, power output pin 7, load 2 and the power power-supply loop line pin 3 that electrically connects successively.What need particularly point out is, although the alternative scope of power switch is a lot, preferably adopts N raceway groove insulating gate type field effect tube.Control module comprises microcontroller 11, logic array 12 and the drive circuit 4 that electrically connects successively; Microcontroller 11 is connected with host computer, receives the host computer instruction, is sent to logic array 12 completion logic computings after handling, and exports the power switch 1 of drive circuit 4 with driving power switch loop then to.The effect in power switch loop is the output signal of response drive circuit 4, and power flow concentration bar input Power Distribution is given with electric loading 2, distributes to mainly contain two kinds of forms: be switched on or switched off.
Because varied with electric loading 2 types, common having is resistive, capacitive, perception and motor, lamp load etc., and in fact pure resistive power consumption equipment is few, and capacitance-resistance property or resistance sense property is more often.Produce very big di/dt when capacitive load is connected, very easily produce electromagnetic emission, disturb whole power-supply system.Power switch 1 is to control the width of drain-source conducting channel by changing the grid voltage between source electrodes, thus control conducting electric current, and gate source voltage climbing speed promptly capable of using comes the electric current climbing speed in control load 2 loops.Because there is grid source input capacitance in power switch 1, only need the rise-time constant of the resistance change drive signal in the adjustment drive circuit 4, can change the grid voltage climbing speed.Another purpose of relatively slowly opening capacitive load 2 is to prevent that a lot of capacitive loads of momentary connection from causing the under-voltage surge of power-supply system, and the 2 voltage rise time of load of this 28V DC solid power controller are about 200 microseconds.On the other hand, the grid voltage time constant of fall of adjustment in the drive circuit 4 can reduce du/dt with the purpose that reaches slow shutoff, and 2 voltage fall times of the load of this 28V DC solid power controller are about 100 microseconds.In addition; Though power MOSFET has a lot of advantages than mechanical contact-type switch,, not the mode that physics breaks off because of it leans on the charge carrier conduction; So can there be leakage current in various degree in it under off state, the leakage current in the utility model in the load 2 is below 1 microampere.
Preferably, the utility model also can include sampling resistor 5, current sampling circuit 13, the short circuit current comparison circuit 15 that connects successively; Said sampling resistor 5 connects power switch 1 and power output pin 7, and said short circuit current relatively circuit 15 connects logic array 12.In addition, also can comprise the current-limiting circuit 16 of the loop current in power-limiting switch loop, current-limiting circuit 16 1 ends are connected between sampling resistor 5 and the current sampling circuit 13, and the other end is connected between drive circuit 4 and the power switch 1.Conventional circuit breaker utilizes that the thermal coefficient of expansion of bimetal leaf is inconsistent to come break contact, under overcurrent condition, for loop of power circuit equipment protection is provided.And being based on the power switch loop current, the utility model 28V DC solid power controller accurately protects control; Belong to the digital processing mode; So; Loop current is extremely important characteristic quantity, adopts sampling resistor 5 and the coupled sample circuit acquisition circuit electric current that connects high-accuracy, low resistance in the utility model.
After drive circuit 4 receives that connection signal is opened power switch 1; The power switch loop just produces electric current, and electric current forms voltage on sampling resistor 5, and this voltage directly gets into short circuit current comparison circuit 15 and is used to judge whether the power switch loop exists short circuit; If there is short circuit; Then short circuit current comparison circuit 15 produces short-circuit signal and delivers to logic array 12, and internal logic latchs short-circuit signal and trigger short-circuit protection mechanism, and output cut-off signals to drive circuit 4 is with rupturing duty switch 1; If less than voltage reference 9; Then current sampling circuit 13 is input to microcontroller 11 after with this voltage signal acquisition and gathers ports; Microcontroller 11 inner AD modular converters carry out obtaining after Analog-digital is changed the precise number value of power switch loop current; Calculating judges whether to launch the overcurrent protection program with respect to the multiple of rated current.The Mathematical Modeling of overcurrent protection program is inverse time protection curve (I
2The t curve).When actual current be rated current more than 1.25 times the time, 28V DC solid power controller gets into delay procedure, if current sampling data continues constantly in the time-delay process, is then pressing I
2In the moment that the time delays of t curve arrives, send cut-off signals to drive circuit 4 with rupturing duty switch 1; If in the time-delay process, actual current increases, and then delay time shortens; If in the time-delay process, actual current drops to below 1.25 times of rated current, then jumps out inverse time protection.
Under the short-circuit conditions, loop current depends on the internal resistance of source and line impedance, and loop current value is very big, utilization current-limiting circuit 16 power-limiting switch loop short circuit currents in the utility model.When solid-state power switch 1 is had no progeny because of short circuit or overcurrent close; Microcontroller 11 is gathered short-circuit signal, over-current signal, drive signal and control command; According to logic output trip signal to isolating interface 8, the outside can connect the alarm indicator indication or with the collection of discrete magnitude acquisition interface.At this moment, as if connecting load 2 once more, only need to send ON-and OFF-command to 28V DC solid power controller earlier, the once connection order of redispatching can be accomplished homing action to 28V DC solid power controller.
Preferably, the utility model also can include the Ultrafast recovery power diode 6 as continuous current circuit, is in parallel with load 2, and the reverse induction electric current that produces when being used to make disconnecting consumers 2 can continue to consume in load 2.Because produce bigger inverse electromotive force du/dt when inductive load breaks off, very easily damage power-supply system.Adopt Ultrafast recovery power diode 6 as continuous current circuit, make the sustainable consumption of reverse induction electric current that produces when breaking off inductive load in load 2, played protective effect power-supply system.
Preferably, the utility model also includes the power supply status supervisory circuit 10 and voltage sampling circuit 14 that is connected with said microcontroller 11; Power supply status supervisory circuit 10 is monitoring power flow concentration bar input voltage in real time, and when voltage was equal to or greater than the setting threshold values, power supply status supervisory circuit 10 produced useful signals and transfers to microcontroller 11; Otherwise, then produce invalid signals and transfer to microcontroller 11; Said voltage sampling circuit 14 is gathered load 2 voltages in real time, and the AD port of result transmission to microcontroller 11 is changed, and the result after the conversion reports host computer.Under the situation of power consumption equipment enormous amount, it is particularly important that the reliability of electric power system and maintainability seem.If panel switches can provide redundant power supply or fault tolerant electrical power supply, the very big mission reliability of the raising equipment of degree.Equally, when electric power system is keeped in repair, lean on artificial investigation to position fault, certainly will cause inefficiency, influence the rate of sending of aircraft, everything all depends on product from detecting (BIT).This 28V DC solid power controller provides three kinds of BIT modes: the BIT that powers on, continuous BIT and safeguard BIT provide in situ detection and off normal detection.Except above-mentioned short circuit, over current fault detected, the utility model can also provide bus communication state-detection, drive circuit 4 detections, the power flow concentration bar state detects and power output detects.Microcontroller 11 is gathered the control signal level that drive circuit 4 is exported in real time, in conjunction with the host computer order, feeds back effectively/invalid connection and effective/invalid off-state.Power supply status supervisory circuit 10 is monitoring power flow concentration bar input voltage in real time; Voltage is equal to or greater than the setting threshold values; Power supply status supervisory circuit 10 produces useful signal and outputs to microcontroller 11; Otherwise the busbar input voltage is less than threshold values, and power supply status supervisory circuit 10 produces has invalid signals to output to microcontroller 11.Voltage sampling circuit 14 is gathered the voltage of load 2 output power output pins 7 in real time, and the result delivers to the AD port of microcontroller 11 and changes, and the result after the conversion reports through communication bus.Based on these, two or more 28V DC solid power controllers can parallel connection use give load 2 power supplies, and wherein one the tunnel lost efficacy and can launch other 28V DC solid power controller and continue to give load 2 to supply power.
Preferably, the rated current of said 28V DC solid power controller is unfixing, can in a preset range, dispose adjustment.Conventional circuit breaker can only provide effective overcurrent protection to the load of rated current, and the utility model 28V DC solid power controller then can provide accommodation according to load protection characteristic demand.For example, rated current be 5 amperes circuit breaker to be used for rated current be 5 amperes load, when the load circuit electric current is 10 amperes (2 times of overloads), guard time is 10 seconds, and effective protection can be provided just.If it is 2 amperes load that this circuit breaker is applied to rated current; The load circuit electric current is 10 amperes (5 times of overloads), because the guard time of circuit breaker is that its guard time still is 10 seconds by the decision of the physical characteristic of bimetal leaf; Obviously; The overcurrent protection time under 5 times of overload situations should be shorter than 2 times of overloads, so this circuit breaker can't provide effective protection for 2 amperes of load circuits.In the face of this situation, if the rated current of circuit breaker or protective feature can supply user configured words, its scope of application is just very wide.And the utility model has really been accomplished this point.The user can be inner to 28V DC solid power controller through bus configuration with true load current value, can calculate the overcurrent multiple based on true load current value after powering on, and accurate protection is provided.In the utility model, the scope of 5 amperes 28V DC solid power controller programmable configuration is 1 ampere to 5 amperes.In addition, be all 5 amperes load, the needs that have are protected fast, and the needs that have are protected at a slow speed; The inverse time protection curve of required power switch 1 is adjusted as required, and conventional circuit breaker can't accomplish that only if increase bimetal leaf, and the utility model has been accomplished this point; Need protection fast like load 2, only need to send " 80% " to microcontroller 11, need protection at a slow speed like load 2 from host computer; Only need to send " 180% " to microcontroller 11, in like manner, protective feature is all configurable the two.
Preferably, said 28V DC solid power controller is divided into normal condition and override state; When being positioned at the override state, the user can directly control power switch 1 through outside override switch.Relative normal operating condition, override state are mainly used under the situation that communication line lost efficacy or microcontroller 11 lost efficacy, and make things convenient for the user directly power switch 1 to be controlled, and the override signal is through isolating interface 8 and external isolation.The control priority of override is higher than bus communication control, and microcontroller 11 is resolved after receiving the PC control instruction, outputs to logic array 12 then and carries out logic synthesis.The logic synthesis result exports drive circuit 4 to.
In addition, under normal operating condition, the inner microcontroller 11 of the utility model control module receives the control command of outside host computer through serial communication bus.Communication bus is configured to three and selects a form, and alternative communication mode has SCI, SPI and I
2C.Default configuration is SCI, and the baud rate of communication is 19200bps, odd.The user then needs to import corresponding configuration order according to communication protocol if need other working methods of configuration, just can use after the configuration successful.Isolate with isolating interface 8 between the communication of inside and outside.For ease of integrated control and management multipath solid-state power controller in electrical load administrative center, can adopt bus type topological structure to form communication network.Host computer can be through identity code, the communication baud rate of this 28V of bus Configuration Online DC solid power controller.
Shown in Figure 2 is the operation main flow chart of the utility model 28V DC solid power controller, is divided into following a few step:
After step 101, the utility model 28V DC solid power controller are received the order that host computer sends, judge whether it is the power operation order, if, then open power switch 1, if not, then change other command processor over to;
The above embodiment is the preferred embodiment that proves absolutely that the utility model is lifted, and the protection range of the utility model is not limited thereto.Being equal to that the technical staff in present technique field is done on the utility model basis substitutes or conversion, all within the protection range of the utility model.The protection range of the utility model is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a 28V DC solid power controller is characterized in that, comprises control module and power switch loop; Wherein,
Said control module connects host computer, is used to receive the control command of host computer and control command is handled, and controls said power switch loop according to the control command after handling then;
Said power switch loop connects said control module, is used under the control of control module, power operation being carried out in load.
2. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said power switch loop comprises power flow concentration bar input pin, power switch (1), power output pin (7), load (2) and the power power-supply loop line pin (3) that electrically connects successively.
3. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said power switch (1) is a N raceway groove insulating gate type field effect tube.
4. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said control module comprises microcontroller (11), logic array (12) and the drive circuit (4) that electrically connects successively;
Said microcontroller (11) is connected with host computer, receives the host computer instruction, is sent to logic array (12) completion logic computing after handling, and exports the power switch (1) of drive circuit (4) to drive said power switch loop then to.
5. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also includes the sampling resistor (5), current sampling circuit (13), the short circuit current that connect successively and compares circuit (15); Said sampling resistor (5) connects power switch (1) and power output pin (7), and said short circuit current relatively circuit (15) connects logic array (12).
6. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; The current-limiting circuit (16) that also comprises the short circuit current in power-limiting switch loop; Said current-limiting circuit (16) one ends are connected between said sampling resistor (5) and the current sampling circuit (13), and the other end is connected between said drive circuit (4) and the power switch (1).
7. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; Also include the Ultrafast recovery power diode (6) as continuous current circuit, be in parallel with load (2), the reverse induction electric current that produces when being used to make disconnecting consumers (2) can continue to consume in load (2).
8. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also includes the power supply status supervisory circuit (10) and the voltage sampling circuit (14) that are connected with said microcontroller (11);
Said power supply status supervisory circuit (10) is monitored power flow concentration bar input voltage in real time, and when voltage was equal to or greater than the setting threshold values, power supply status supervisory circuit (10) produced useful signal and transfers to microcontroller (11); Otherwise, then produce invalid signals and transfer to microcontroller (11);
Said voltage sampling circuit (14) is gathered load (2) voltage in real time, and the AD port of result transmission to microcontroller (11) is changed, and the result after the conversion reports host computer.
9. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the rated current of said 28V DC solid power controller is unfixing, can in a preset range, dispose adjustment.
10. 28V DC solid power controller according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said 28V DC solid power controller is divided into normal condition and override state; When being positioned at the override state, the user can directly control power switch (1) through outside override switch.
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