CN202452969U - Solar light ray angle measuring device - Google Patents
Solar light ray angle measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN202452969U CN202452969U CN2012200843282U CN201220084328U CN202452969U CN 202452969 U CN202452969 U CN 202452969U CN 2012200843282 U CN2012200843282 U CN 2012200843282U CN 201220084328 U CN201220084328 U CN 201220084328U CN 202452969 U CN202452969 U CN 202452969U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solar light ray angle measuring device which belongs to the field of measurement. The solar light ray angle measuring device comprises a rotatable hollow cylinder arranged on a base, wherein the cylinder is provided with an axial rectangular groove and an inclined groove which are pervious to light and not crossed with each other; a photovoltaic cell is arranged at the bottom inside the cylinder; and the photovoltaic cell is connected with a control circuit. The principle that the short circuit current of the photovoltaic cell is proportional to the area of the cell irradiated by solar light rays under the condition of a certain light irradiation intensity is utilized, and the cylinder is controlled to rotate by the control circuit, so that the rotating angle of the cylinder when the short circuit current of the photovoltaic cell is the biggest is detected, and a solar light ray angle is obtained by calculation; and the solar light ray angle measuring device has significance for timely knowing of the solar light ray angle and analysis of the solar light intensity of the ground and the ultraviolet ray intensity, and can be used for measuring elevation angles and azimuthal angles of the solar light rays.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of measurement mechanism, and particularly a kind of sun angle measurement mechanism belongs to metering field.
Background technology
Confirm in the prior art that position of sun generally gets final product through elevation angle and the position angle of confirming the sun; For tellurian certain place; Sun altitude is meant the incident direction of sunshine and the angle between the ground level, says on the specialty that sun altitude is meant that somewhere sunray and this ground makes the angle perpendicular to the face of land tangent line in the earth's core.The sunshine power on sun altitude and ground is closely related.Sooner or later the light intensity with noon has very big difference, and reason just is the difference of sun altitude.Under fine condition, the power of sunshine is directly proportional with the sine of sun altitude.Therefore understand sun altitude sun light intensity, the ultraviolet power of analyzing ground had important meaning.
Solar azimuth is the orientation at sun place, refers to projection and the local meridianal angle of sunray on ground level, can regard as approx to be erected at the ground straight line shade in the sun and the angle of Due South.Solar azimuth has determined the incident direction of sunlight, has determined the hillside or the different daylighting situation towards buildings of all directions.
The method of the tracking sun that adopts at present both at home and abroad mainly contains three kinds of modes: look daily motion track following, photoelectric tracking, look the daily motion track following and photoelectric tracking combines.Look the daily motion track following and need describe the sun's motion rule, formula is complicated, and calculated amount is big; The light activated element of some is arranged in photoelectric tracking usually on special construction, arrange method, image method, photosensitive device be in tilted layout method and aperture arrangement method etc. like the sensor four-quadrant.Detection mode is divided into that switching value detects and two kinds of analog quantity detection modes.When adopting the switching value detection mode, different solar incident angles can make up by the different light activated element of conducting, confirm light angle through this combination, but this mode measuring accuracy is poor, needs more light activated element; The analog quantity detection mode is measured through the output short circuit current at the photovoltaic cell of diverse location and is calculated the sunshine angle, though this mode can reduce the quantity of light activated element, can produce bigger error because of the photovoltaic cell characteristic is inconsistent.For reducing the influence of surrounding environment emission light, usually light activated element is placed in the special magazine, utilize optical element optically focused such as lens, eliminated radiative influence basically.Scope is less but the employing said method takes measurement of an angle.Measurement range can be enlarged though adopt no shielding mode to measure, the inconsistent and catoptrical influence of light activated element must be solved.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism, makes measurement mechanism simple in structure, and is with low cost, and it is convenient to measure angle of sun rays, and precision is high.
The purpose of the utility model is achieved in that a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism; Comprise the rotatable hollow circular cylinder that is installed on the base; Have on the said right cylinder and mutually disjoint and the axial rectangular channel and the skewed slot of light-permeable; Said right cylinder inner bottom part is equipped with photovoltaic cell, and said photovoltaic cell links to each other with control circuit, and said control circuit comprises the photovoltaic cell detector; The signal output part of said photovoltaic cell links to each other with the signal input part of photovoltaic cell detector; The signal output part of said photovoltaic cell detector links to each other with the signal input part of digital signal processor through change-over circuit, and the signal input part of said digital signal processor also links to each other with travel switch through optical coupling isolation circuit, and the signal output part of said digital signal processor is connected with motor-drive circuit and liquid crystal display respectively; Said motor-drive circuit links to each other with stepper motor, and said step motor drive right cylinder rotates around its central shaft.
This measurement device process may further comprise the steps:
When 1) measuring solar azimuth:
A) this device is placed on the level outdoors face, it is exposed under the sun;
B) with the rectangular channel on the right cylinder towards adjustment, make its aim at Due South to;
C) send signal control motor work through digital signal processor, the motor-driven right cylinder rotates;
D) photovoltaic cell sends to digital signal processor with detected short-circuit current signal; When photovoltaic cell detects the short-circuit current maximum; Be that sunray is over against rectangular channel; At this moment; The angle that rectangular channel turns over is current solar azimuth
, can record solar azimuth
through detecting the right cylinder anglec of rotation;
When 2) measuring sun altitude:
A) this device is placed on the level outdoors face, it is exposed under the sun;
B) send signal control motor work through digital signal processor, the motor-driven right cylinder rotates;
C) photovoltaic cell sends to digital signal processor with detected short-circuit current signal; When photovoltaic cell detects the short-circuit current maximum; At this moment; Incident ray passes through periphery; Pass highly to a certain parallelogram fritter of h and shine on the photovoltaic cell; If cylindrical radius is r; Sun altitude this moment
satisfies
, and calculate
and get final product this moment.
The utility model is when measuring angle of sun rays; Be utilized under the certain condition of intensity of illumination, the short-circuit current of photovoltaic cell and sunray shine the principle that the area of battery is directly proportional, in the process of actual measurement position angle; If sunray is during over against rectangular channel; The area that shines photovoltaic cell is maximum, and short-circuit current is also maximum, opens the light through stroke the initial position of rotating cylindrical body is confirmed; The direction that is about to the rectangular channel on the right cylinder over against Due South to; This is just feasible maximum when the short-circuit current of control rectangular channel rotation on photovoltaic cell, and rectangular channel is over against the sunray direction at this moment, and the angle that right cylinder turns over is the position angle of sunray; The angle that right cylinder turns over can be calculated through the umber of pulse that stepper motor sends and obtain, and cylindrical sense of rotation can according to circumstances be confirmed according to azimuthal definition and reality; In the actual measurement elevation angle process; The skewed slot that is opened on the right cylinder can be through cutting out along periphery with a plane inclined; Be that skewed slot on the said right cylinder is in the plane; With the bottom of skewed slot or top as cylindrical initial position; When right cylinder rotates to the short-circuit current maximum on the photovoltaic cell; This moment sun altitude
;
is directly proportional with the angle that right cylinder rotates through, and the angle that right cylinder turns over can be calculated through the umber of pulse that stepper motor sends and obtain.Compared with prior art; The beneficial effect of the utility model is: this apparatus structure is simple; Cheap for manufacturing cost; Operation is simple and reliable, and measuring accuracy is higher, greatly facilitates the real-time monitored to angle of sun rays, the sun light intensity of analyzing ground, raising solar energy utilization rate and ultraviolet power.The utility model can be used for measuring the elevation angle and the position angle of sunray.
Improvement as the utility model; Said control circuit comprises current-to-voltage converting circuit and voltage amplifier circuit; The signal output part of said photovoltaic cell detector links to each other with the signal input part of current-to-voltage converting circuit; The signal output part of said current-to-voltage converting circuit links to each other with the signal input part of voltage amplifier circuit, and the signal output part of said voltage amplifier circuit links to each other with the signal input part of digital signal processor.It is simple in structure, stable signal transmission.
As the improvement of the utility model, the said photovoltaic cell that is used to measure illuminating area is the miniature circular photovoltaic cell.Circular photovoltaic cell collection light precision is higher, and obtains easily.
As the improvement of the utility model, said digital signal processor adopts the MC56F8037 chip.Further improved the reliability of antijamming capability and system.
As the improvement of the utility model, said travel switch is a Hall switch sensor.It is with low cost, and induction precision is high.
As the improvement of the utility model, said motor-drive circuit adopts the ULN2003 circuit.It has high withstand voltage, and output can make that the utility model measuring process is more stable in the high load currents parallel running.
For the ease of guaranteeing continuity of measurement; Promptly in the process of measuring position angle and elevation angle, need not recalibrate reference position; The top of said skewed slot, bottom and cylindrical central axis coplane; 90 ° of the phasic differences mutually of the top of said rectangular channel and skewed slot top, the bottom of said rectangular channel and the bottom of skewed slot 90 ° of phasic differences mutually.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a measurement mechanism structural representation in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the control principle block diagram of the utility model control circuit.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model.
Fig. 4 be for the first time short-circuit current maximum and sunshine from the fashionable measurement constitutional diagram of rectangular channel injection.
Fig. 5 be for the second time short-circuit current maximum and sunshine from the fashionable measurement constitutional diagram of skewed slot injection.
Fig. 6 be for the first time short-circuit current maximum and sunshine from the fashionable measurement constitutional diagram of skewed slot injection.
Fig. 7 be for the second time short-circuit current maximum and sunshine from the fashionable measurement constitutional diagram of rectangular channel injection.
Wherein, 1 right cylinder, 2 rectangular channels, 3 photovoltaic cells, 4 skewed slots.
Embodiment
A kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism shown in Fig. 1-3; Comprise the rotatable hollow circular cylinder 1 that is installed on the base; Have on the right cylinder 1 and mutually disjoint and axial rectangular channel of light-permeable 2 and skewed slot 4, right cylinder 1 inner bottom part is equipped with photovoltaic cell 3, and the photovoltaic cell 3 that is used to measure illuminating area is miniature circular photovoltaic cell 3; Said photovoltaic cell 3 links to each other with control circuit; Control circuit comprises the photovoltaic cell detector, and the signal output part of photovoltaic cell 3 links to each other with the signal input part of photovoltaic cell detector, and the signal output part of photovoltaic cell detector links to each other with the signal input part of current-to-voltage converting circuit; The signal output part of current-to-voltage converting circuit links to each other with the signal input part of voltage amplifier circuit; The signal output part of voltage amplifier circuit links to each other with the signal input part of digital signal processor, and the signal input part of digital signal processor also links to each other with Hall switch sensor through optical coupling isolation circuit, and the signal output part of digital signal processor is connected with motor-drive circuit and liquid crystal display respectively; Motor-drive circuit links to each other with stepper motor; Motor-drive circuit adopts the ULN2003 circuit, and step motor drive right cylinder 1 rotates around its central shaft, and digital signal processor adopts the MC56F8037 chip;
90 ° of the phasic differences mutually of the central axis coplane of the top of said skewed slot 4, bottom and right cylinder 1, the top of said rectangular channel 2 and skewed slot 4 tops, the bottom of the bottom of said rectangular channel 2 and skewed slot 4 90 ° of phasic differences mutually;
Said apparatus carries out the measurement of angle of sun rays through following steps:
1) this device is placed on the level outdoors face, it is exposed under the sun;
2) with the rectangular channel on the right cylinder 12 towards adjustment, make its aim at Due South to;
3) send signal control motor work through digital signal processor, motor-driven right cylinder 1 clockwise rotates;
4) photovoltaic cell 3 sends to digital signal processor with detected short-circuit current signal; Through detecting position angle and the elevation angle that angle that right cylinder 1 rotates through can calculate sunray; The angle that right cylinder 1 turns over can calculate (can obtain stepper motor and send a pulse, the respective angles that stepper motor turns over through the circle umber of pulse that needs of calculated step Electric Machine Control right cylinder 1 before this) through the umber of pulse that stepper motor provides.
Because the angle of sunray directly receives the influence of anglec of rotation precision; Maximum of points is difficult to be captured; Revolve the measuring accuracy of angle of sun rays for raising; Can promptly obtain exact value through secondary Lagrange's interpolation algorithm through near three points the maximal value are carried out parabola interpolation, concrete steps are following:
1) utilizes system program search maximum of points, be made as (x
1,y
1), x wherein
1Be the anglec of rotation, y
1Be the maximum short circuit current value; Get maximum of points about each a bit, establish its coordinate and be respectively (x
0,y
0), (x
2,y
2);
2) establishing three interpolation basis functions is:
Then interpolation polynomial is:
To
differentiate and to make it be 0, maximum of points
be:
Wherein
;
,
;
3) move according to the measured value control executing mechanism.
In the actual detected process, the position angle of sunray and elevation angle all detect short-circuit current at photovoltaic cell 3 and calculate when maximum, and the situation of photovoltaic cell 3 detected maximum currents has following two kinds:
A) shown in Fig. 4-5; Sunray is fashionable from rectangular channel 2 injections when the first time, photovoltaic cell 3 detection short-circuit currents were maximum; Sunray was injected in skewed slot 4 when photovoltaic cell 3 detected short-circuit currents were maximum for the second time; The height of establishing the parallelogram fritter this moment is for
; The parallelogram fritter is
in the projection of bottom surface and the phasing degree of skewed slot 4 bottoms; The motor pulses number was
when short-circuit current was maximum for the first time; The motor pulses number was
when short-circuit current was maximum for the second time; The radius of right cylinder 1 is
, and the height of right cylinder 1 is
;
The solar azimuth
satisfy
; (a)
The angle that right cylinder 1 turned over when then for the second time short-circuit current was maximum is for
°; (2)
Small parallelogram height
satisfy
; (four)
(1) (two) substitutions (three) can be got:
Again (five) substitution (four) can be got:
Sun altitude
satisfies
, and calculate
and get final product this moment; To sum up; Solar azimuth
, sun altitude
;
B) shown in Fig. 6-7; Sunray is injected in skewed slot 4 when the first time, photovoltaic cell 3 detected short-circuit currents were maximum; Sunray was injected in rectangular channel 2 when photovoltaic cell 3 detected short-circuit currents were maximum for the second time; The same principle; If the height of parallelogram fritter is
; The parallelogram fritter is
in the projection of bottom surface and the phasing degree of skewed slot 4 bottoms; The motor pulses number was
when short-circuit current was maximum for the first time; The motor pulses number was
when short-circuit current was maximum for the second time; The radius of right cylinder 1 is
, and the height of right cylinder 1 is
;
The solar azimuth
satisfy
; (six)
The angle
that right cylinder 1 turned over when for the first time short-circuit current was maximum °; (7)
with
satisfy the
;? (eight)
Small parallelogram height
satisfy
;? (nine)
(6) (seven) substitutions (eight) can be got:
(10) substitution (nine) can be got:
；
Sun altitude
satisfies
, and calculate
and get final product this moment; To sum up; Solar azimuth
, sun altitude
.
The utility model is not limited to the foregoing description; On the basis of the disclosed technical scheme of the utility model; Those skilled in the art is according to disclosed technology contents; Do not need performing creative labour just can make some replacements and distortion to some technical characterictics wherein, these replacements and distortion are all in the protection domain of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. angle of sun rays measurement mechanism; It is characterized in that; Comprise the rotatable hollow circular cylinder that is installed on the base, have on the said right cylinder and mutually disjoint and the axial rectangular channel and the skewed slot of light-permeable that said right cylinder inner bottom part is equipped with photovoltaic cell; Said photovoltaic cell links to each other with control circuit; Said control circuit comprises the photovoltaic cell detector, and the signal output part of said photovoltaic cell links to each other with the signal input part of photovoltaic cell detector, and the signal output part of said photovoltaic cell detector links to each other with the signal input part of digital signal processor through change-over circuit; The signal input part of said digital signal processor also links to each other with travel switch through optical coupling isolation circuit; The signal output part of said digital signal processor is connected with motor-drive circuit and liquid crystal display respectively, and said motor-drive circuit links to each other with stepper motor, and said step motor drive right cylinder rotates around its central shaft.
2. a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said control circuit comprises current-to-voltage converting circuit and voltage amplifier circuit; The signal output part of said photovoltaic cell detector links to each other with the signal input part of current-to-voltage converting circuit, and the signal output part of said current-to-voltage converting circuit links to each other with the signal input part of voltage amplifier circuit, and the signal output part of said voltage amplifier circuit links to each other with the signal input part of digital signal processor.
3. a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the said photovoltaic cell that is used to measure illuminating area is the miniature circular photovoltaic cell.
4. according to each described a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that said digital signal processor adopts the MC56F8037 chip.
5. according to each described a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that said travel switch is a Hall switch sensor.
6. according to each described a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that said motor-drive circuit adopts the ULN2003 circuit.
7. according to each described a kind of angle of sun rays measurement mechanism in claim 1 or 2; It is characterized in that; The top of said skewed slot, bottom and cylindrical central axis coplane; 90 ° of the phasic differences mutually of the top of said rectangular channel and skewed slot top, the bottom of said rectangular channel and the bottom of skewed slot 90 ° of phasic differences mutually.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200843282U CN202452969U (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Solar light ray angle measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200843282U CN202452969U (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Solar light ray angle measuring device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202452969U true CN202452969U (en) | 2012-09-26 |
Family
ID=46868828
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200843282U Withdrawn - After Issue CN202452969U (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Solar light ray angle measuring device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202452969U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102607507A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-25 | 扬州贝尔斯通科技有限公司 | Solar ray angle measuring device of photovoltaic tracking system and measuring method of solar ray angle measuring device |
| CN104729456A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-06-24 | 湖州佳格电子科技有限公司 | Light incident angle detection device and method |
-
2012
- 2012-03-08 CN CN2012200843282U patent/CN202452969U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102607507A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-25 | 扬州贝尔斯通科技有限公司 | Solar ray angle measuring device of photovoltaic tracking system and measuring method of solar ray angle measuring device |
| CN104729456A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-06-24 | 湖州佳格电子科技有限公司 | Light incident angle detection device and method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120926 Effective date of abandoning: 20140514 |
|
| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |