CN203397222U - Photovoltaic tracking automatic control system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic tracking automatic control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203397222U CN203397222U CN201320531170.3U CN201320531170U CN203397222U CN 203397222 U CN203397222 U CN 203397222U CN 201320531170 U CN201320531170 U CN 201320531170U CN 203397222 U CN203397222 U CN 203397222U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a photovoltaic tracking automatic control system. A GPS module (2) of the photovoltaic tracking automatic control system is connected with a CPU module (6) through a communication mode, and the GPS module (2) transfers latitude and longitude of location of the GPS module (2) and time information to the CPU module (6); a sensor module (1) installed at the edge position of the top surface of a tracking bracket (5) transmits acquired sunlight intensity signals after filtering process of a signal filtering module (3) to the CPU module (6); a 485 communication module (4) is connected with the CPU module (6) through a communication mode; and a tracking output conversion module (8) converts logic signals output by the CPU module (6) into rotating signals used for driving a pitching angle rotary motor and a horizontal rotary motor on the tracking bracket (5).
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of pointolite tracking control system.
Background technology
Photovoltaic generation cost is high at present, efficiency is low is the subject matter that restricts for a long time its high speed development, one of its solution route is to realize the round-the-clock tracking of photovoltaic module to the sun, make photovoltaic module remain at the absorption maximum position to solar radiation energy, thereby improve the generated energy of electricity generation system, reach the object that reduces photovoltaic generation cost, improves photovoltaic efficiency.Through measuring and calculating, double-shaft solar tracking system can increase more than 40% than the power stage of fixed system.
There is many drawbacks in present tracker, is unfavorable for popularization and the application of its system.Current tracker is mainly divided into two classes, and daily motion track following is followed the tracks of and looked to sensor.Depending on daily motion track following mode, by local calculation of longitude & latitude, obtain the position of sun every day, thereby realize round-the-clock tracking, but its precision is not high, and in tracing process, cannot verify that whether solar panel is over against the sun.Once install, just inconvenience is moved or mounting or dismounting, has moved at every turn and just must reset data and adjust parameters, and principle, circuit, technology, equipment are all very complicated, and layman can not at will operate.Sensor detection mode detects light intensity signal by four-quadrant light sensor and comes sun-tracing position, advantage is simple in structure, cost is lower, shortcoming is that the accuracy of structure influence testing result and the scope of detection angles of test section is little, when tracking cannot be realized when excessive in solar panel normal direction and solar direction drift angle, and in sensor tracing process, be subject to other scatterings, the interference of reflection, refracted ray.
Sensor tracking mode generally adopts four-quadrant photo detector, its principle of work is: generally four-quadrant photo detector be placed in optical system focal plane or slightly leave focal plane, as shown in Fig. 1 c, target light signal is imaging on four-quadrant photo detector after optical system, when target imaging is not on optical axis, on 4 quadrants, the photosignal amplitude of detector output is not identical, relatively the amplitude size of 4 photosignals can know that target imaging, on which quadrant, also just known the orientation of target.Four-quadrant photo detector is by measuring the change in location from the spot center of light source, and by certain algorithm, determine the side-play amount of the both direction of hot spot simultaneously, converting side-play amount to motor drive signal drive motor rotates, when spot center is consistent with four-quadrant photo detector center, the impedance electric current of 4 quadrant negative electrode generations all equates, through operational amplifier, be output as zero, the straightness error of both direction is also zero, and motor stops operating.
The advantage of this detection mode is simple in structure, cost is lower, shortcoming is the accuracy of lens barrel effect of altitude testing result and the range size of detection angles, when solar panel normal direction and solar direction drift angle are when excessive, hot spot will appear on the lens barrel wall outside four-quadrant, thereby make sensor the position of the sun cannot be detected, so cannot realize tracking.And be subject to weather effect large, and overcast and rainyly cannot aim at the sun, even cause the misoperation of topworks, thereby cause provided tracking signal unstable, select the sensor that precision is high, can increase tracking cost again.
Patent 201010204455.7 is a kind of universal-type solar real-time automatic tracking control system based on microcomputer, and this patent is pure sensor tracking mode, and the sensor adopting is light-sensitive cell, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 2.Cardinal principle is that light- sensitive cell 14 and 17,12 and 15 partners respectively, when there are differences between paired light-sensitive cell, illustrates that position of sun has change, according to difference, drives respectively the motor that horizontally rotates of following the tracks of support to follow the tracks of with vertical tracking motor.
There is the problem of Liang Ge aspect in this tracking mode:
One, pure sensor tracking mode and sensor expose, without any, block, be subject to the impact of object reflection around, refraction sunshine and other light sources, especially the sunshine of solar panel reflection, when these intensity signals are irradiated on cell panel, easily cause the misoperation of tracking.Cause the frequent rotation of tracker and on the drift.
Two, to follow the tracks of angle less for this tracking mode, and maximum trail angle is 90 degree, causes when the sun and cell panel normal direction angle are greater than this scope and cannot realize tracking, has large-scale dead angle.For example: when morning, the sun rose, cell panel is because the tracking results of yesterday is now just being faced west, and cell panel cannot be realized tracking back to the sun; When there is the time at cloudy day long (such as start the cloudy day 8 of mornings, fine day after at 2 at noon), due to the reason without the sun, tracking direction remains unchanged, when the sun occurs, owing to following the tracks of angle and exceeded the following range of sensor, cell panel cannot be realized tracking.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of existing tracker, has proposed a kind of new control system for solar tracking system.The utility model not only can improve accuracy of detection, and the sensing range of light source position can be extended to greatest limit, and no matter the sun and cell panel are in any position, and cell panel can both accurately align the position of the sun and realize and following the tracks of.
The utility model photovoltaic tracking automatic control system mainly comprises: GPS module, sensor assembly, signal filtering module, 485 communication modules, CPU module, liquid crystal display, tracking output modular converter and tracking support.GPS module is connected by communication modes with CPU module, and GPS module passes to CPU module by on-site longitude and latitude and temporal information; The sensor assembly that is arranged on tracking cradle top surface marginal position is directly connected with signal filtering module, the sun light intensity signal collecting is passed to signal filtering module, signal filtering module passes to CPU module direct-connected with it after light intensity signal filtering is processed; 485 communication modules are connected with CPU module by communication modes, realize the both-way communication of far-end computer and CPU module; Follow the tracks of output modular converter and be directly connected with CPU module, the logical signal of CPU module output is converted to the rotary actuation signal of following the tracks of motor on support, drive motor rotates, and changes the direction of cell panel; Following the tracks of support is the critical piece of support solar cell panel, angle of pitch electric rotating machine is installed on it and horizontally rotates motor, can realize rotation with pitch orientation in the horizontal direction.
GPS module by by antenna reception to longitude and latitude, date and time information in the mode of serial communication, pass to CPU module, CPU module, through after calculating, is presented at date and time on liquid crystal display.Sensor assembly is comprised of the positive tetrahedron of five identical photoresistance and fixedly photoresistance, and five the surperficial central authorities of described positive tetrahedron except bottom surface have groove, and five photoresistance are separately fixed in five surperficial grooves of positive tetrahedron.Photoresistance is used for obtaining sun light intensity signal, and positive tetrahedron shines and weaken the solar irradiation value of non-direction of orientation for blocking the stray light of other direction scatterings, reflection, to improve precision.Sensor assembly is input to CPU module by the sun light intensity signal detecting after signal filtering resume module, CPU module calculates current position of sun by vector method by the signal receiving after AD conversion, and by the sun normal place comparison on the same day of current position of sun signal and storage, after contrast computing, CPU module output control signal, after following the tracks of the conversion of output modular converter, directly drive the motor of following the tracks of support to rotate, make to follow the tracks of solar panel front on support over against the sun.Liquid crystal display by CPU module controls keep showing in real time current position of sun and solar panel towards.CPU module can be stored historical events, the same day sun normal place, the running orbit record of solar panel in three months.485 communication modules are the Primary Components that keep CPU module and far-end upper machine communication, can complete Long-distance Control communication to CPU module and function that the information of this system is uploaded, make power station staff understand at any time the direction of solar panel, especially under the inclement weather conditions such as strong wind, power station staff can set level tracking support by Long-distance Control, avoids bringing unnecessary loss.
Sensor assembly is arranged on and is followed the tracks of cradle top surface marginal position by holder, regardless of the angle of solar direction and cell panel normal direction, can guarantee that light sensor has at least one side position of sun can be detected.The bottom surface of sensor positive tetrahedron is stationary plane, is fixed on shaggy plank, prevents the sunshine disturb sensor of the holder reflection of sensor assembly.Described plank is parallel with the solar panel being fixed on tracking support.The angle of pitch limit angle of solar panel is 180 degree, this kind of situation be generally morning or evening the sun in position, local horizon, solar panel is vertically placed back to the sun.Now sensor assembly has at least the one side at close cell panel edge to arrive illumination by direct-detection, thereby by CPU module, calculates the position of the sun; Vertical direction limit angle is 270 degree, this kind of situation be generally morning or evening the sun in position, local horizon, the vertical setting side of solar panel is to the sun.Now sensor has one side at least over against the sun, calculates the position of the sun by CPU module.
The same day, the normal place definition procedure of the sun was as described below, when the utility model tracking control system starts first, the longitude and latitude data that CPU module obtains according to GPS module, by the sun, around the rule of earth operation, calculate whole day elevation angle and the deflection at sun place all the time, obtain sun normal place the storage of current whole day.Then the light intensity signal according to sensor assembly five positions photoresistance collection is transferred to CPU module through signal filtering module, CPU module calculates the position of sun under current time by vector method, by the sun normal place comparison of the position of sun under current time and CPU module stores, after contrast computing, CPU module output control signal, through following the tracks of output modular converter, be converted to the rotary actuation signal of following the tracks of motor on support, drive and follow the tracks of support rotation, when following the tracks of support rotation, arrive after assigned address, sensor assembly detects the light intensity signal of the sun again, by signal filtering module, be transferred to CPU module, utilize vector method to calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of current position of sun, the angle of position of sun coordinate and Z axis is the normal direction of current solar panel and the angle deviation of solar direction, if angle deviation is in precision allowed band, can judge that the solar panel of now following the tracks of on support is over against the sun.If solar panel is over against the sun, CPU module is sent the normal direction of solar panel and the angle deviation of solar direction on signal update liquid crystal display and far-end host computer, and revise the sun normal place of CPU module stores, the revised position of sun of usining is followed the tracks of the sun normal place of use as second day.
The computing method of vector method are as described below, the light intensity signal that the photoresistance of sensor assembly five positions detects is after CPU resume module, be converted into five tri-vector coordinates with size and Orientation, after vector merges, finally obtain the position that vector direction is the sun under current time.
The utility model automatic control system degree of accuracy is higher, has greatly improved the utilization factor of sun power; Follow the tracks of support rotation convenient, be beneficial to and safeguard and emergency processing; The historical data of CPU module stores is for providing strong Data support with situations such as the local light conditions of post analysis, running track from sun, equipment operations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 prior art four-quadrant photo detector schematic diagram;
The sensor construction schematic diagram of Fig. 2 patent 201010204455.7;
Fig. 3 is principle of work block diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional corresponding relation figure of sensor of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the utility model.
The utility model photovoltaic tracking automatic control system comprises: GPS module 2, sensor assembly 1, signal filtering module 3,485 communication modules 4, CPU module 6, liquid crystal display 7, tracking output modular converter 8 and tracking support 5.GPS module 2 is connected by communication modes with CPU module 6, and GPS module 2 passes to CPU module 6 by on-site longitude and latitude and temporal information; Sensor assembly 1 is directly connected with signal filtering module 3, and the light intensity signal collecting is passed to signal filtering module 3, and 3 pairs of light intensity signal filtering of signal filtering module pass to CPU module 6 direct-connected with it after processing; 485 communication modules 4 are connected with CPU module 6 by communication modes, realize the both-way communication of far-end computer and CPU module 6; Follow the tracks of output modular converter 8 and be directly connected with CPU module 6, by the logical signal of CPU module 6 outputs be converted to can drive motor rotation signal output, driving tracking support 5 rotates; Following the tracks of support 5 is critical pieces of support solar cell panel, angle of pitch electric rotating machine is installed on it and horizontally rotates motor, can realize rotation with pitch orientation in the horizontal direction.
Sensor assembly is arranged on follows the tracks of support 5 top edge positions, regardless of the angle of solar direction and cell panel normal direction, can guarantee that light sensor has at least one side position of sun can be detected.The bottom surface of sensor positive tetrahedron is stationary plane, is fixed on shaggy plank, prevents the detection of sunshine disturb sensor of the holder reflection of sensor assembly, and plank is parallel with solar panel.
Fig. 3 is principle of work block diagram of the present utility model.GPS module 2 by by antenna reception to longitude and latitude, date and time information in the mode of serial communication, pass to CPU module 6, CPU module 6 is presented at date and time information on liquid crystal display 7 after Data Format Transform.As shown in Figure 4, sensor assembly 1 is comprised of the positive tetrahedron 9 of five photoresistance 10,11,12,13,14 and fixedly photoresistance, five the surperficial central authorities of described positive tetrahedron except bottom surface have groove, and five photoresistance 10,11,12,13,14 are separately fixed in five surperficial grooves of positive tetrahedron 9.Photoresistance is used for obtaining sun light intensity signal, and positive tetrahedron shines and weaken the solar irradiation value of non-direction of orientation for blocking the stray light of other direction scatterings, reflection, to improve precision.Sensor assembly 1 is input to CPU module 6 by the sun light intensity signal detecting after signal filtering module 3 is processed, CPU module 6 by the signal receiving through after AD conversion, by vector method, calculate current position of sun, and by the sun normal place comparison on the same day of current position of sun signal and storage, after contrast computing, CPU module 6 output control signals, through following the tracks of output modular converter 8, be converted to the rotary actuation signal of following the tracks of motor on support 5, drive to follow the tracks of support 5 rotations, make to follow the tracks of solar panel front on support 5 over against the sun.Liquid crystal display 7 by CPU module 6 control keep showing in real time current position of sun and solar panel towards.CPU module 6 is for storing the normal place of historical events, the same day sun, and the running orbit record of solar panel in three months.485 communication modules 4 are the Primary Components that keep CPU module 6 and far-end upper machine communication, can complete Long-distance Control communication to CPU module 6 and function that CPU module 6 storage information are uploaded, especially under the inclement weather conditions such as strong wind, power station staff can set level tracking support 5 by Long-distance Control, avoids bringing unnecessary loss.
The specific works order of the utility model tracing process is as follows: when the utility model system starts, CPU module 6 calculates the particular location of the sun under current time by vector method according to the output voltage signal of five positions photoresistance, and with the sun normal place comparison of system storage, after contrast computing, CPU module 6 output control signals, through following the tracks of output modular converter 8, be converted to the signal of motor rotation on driving tracking support 5 and drive tracking support 5 to rotate, when following the tracks of support 5, arrive after assigned address, sensor assembly 1 detects the light intensity signal of the sun again, by signal filtering module 3, be transferred to CPU module 6, utilize vector method to calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of current position of sun, the angle of position of sun coordinate and Z axis is the normal direction of current solar panel and the angle deviation of solar direction, if angle deviation is in allowed band, can judge that the solar panel of now following the tracks of on support 5 is over against the sun.If solar panel is over against the sun, CPU module 6 is sent the demonstration data of signal update liquid crystal display 7, and the normal direction of current solar panel and the angle deviation of solar direction on far-end host computer, and revise the sun normal place of CPU module 6 storages, the revised position of sun of usining is followed the tracks of the sun normal place of use as second day.
The computing method of vector method are as described below, the photoresistance output voltage signal of five positions is converted into five tri-vector coordinates with size and Orientation after CPU module 6 is processed, after vector merges, finally obtain vector direction and be current position of sun direction, after current position of sun orientation determination, can obtain current position of sun.
Claims (3)
1. a photovoltaic tracking automatic control system, is characterized in that: described control system comprises: GPS module (2), sensor assembly (1), signal filtering module (3), 485 communication modules (4), CPU module (6), liquid crystal display (7), tracking output modular converter (8) and tracking support (5); GPS module (2) is connected by communication modes with CPU module (6), and GPS module (2) passes to CPU module (6) by on-site longitude and latitude and temporal information; The sensor assembly (1) that is arranged on tracking support (5) top edge position is connected with signal filtering module (3), the light intensity signal of the sun collecting is passed to signal filtering module (3), and signal filtering module (3) passes to connected CPU module (6) after light intensity signal filtering is processed; 485 communication modules (4) are connected with CPU module (6) by communication modes, realize the both-way communication of far-end computer and CPU module (6); Follow the tracks of output modular converter (8) and be connected with CPU module (6), the logical signal of CPU module (6) output is converted to the rotary actuation signal of following the tracks of the upper motor of support (5), drive and follow the tracks of support (5) rotation; Follow the tracks of support (5) support solar cell panel, angle of pitch electric rotating machine is installed on it and horizontally rotates motor.
2. photovoltaic tracking automatic control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensor assembly (1) is comprised of five identical photoresistance (10,11,12,13,14) and positive tetrahedron (9) that fixedly photoresistance is used, five photoresistance (10,11,12,13,14) are separately fixed at positive tetrahedron (9) wherein in the grooves of five surface central authorities.
3. photovoltaic tracking automatic control system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described sensor positive tetrahedron (9) is fixed on shaggy plank, and described plank is parallel with the solar panel being fixed on tracking support (5).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103455049A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-18 | 保定科诺伟业控制设备有限公司 | Automatic photovoltaic tracking control system |
| CN106454022A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 中航动力股份有限公司 | Solar azimuth sensor based on imaging data analysis, and control method |
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2013
- 2013-08-29 CN CN201320531170.3U patent/CN203397222U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103455049A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-18 | 保定科诺伟业控制设备有限公司 | Automatic photovoltaic tracking control system |
| CN103455049B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2016-12-28 | 北京科诺伟业光电科技有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic tracking automatic control system |
| CN106454022A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 中航动力股份有限公司 | Solar azimuth sensor based on imaging data analysis, and control method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20160512 Address after: 100083 Beijing city Haidian District Wangzhuang Road No. 1, Tsinghua Tongfang Technology Plaza B block 19 room 1908 Patentee after: Beijing Kenuo Weiye Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 071051 Baoding wind energy street, Hebei, No. 189 Patentee before: Baoding Corona Control Equipment Co., Ltd. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140115 Termination date: 20200829 |