CN202444444U - Maximum power point tracking device for photovoltaic power generation system under partially-shielded condition - Google Patents

Maximum power point tracking device for photovoltaic power generation system under partially-shielded condition Download PDF

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CN202444444U
CN202444444U CN2012200264167U CN201220026416U CN202444444U CN 202444444 U CN202444444 U CN 202444444U CN 2012200264167 U CN2012200264167 U CN 2012200264167U CN 201220026416 U CN201220026416 U CN 201220026416U CN 202444444 U CN202444444 U CN 202444444U
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photovoltaic
maximum power
point tracking
power point
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张晓力
廉小亲
段振刚
王嵩
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Beijing Technology and Business University
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Abstract

A maximum power point tracking device for a photovoltaic power generation system cell panel under a partially-shielded condition comprises a photovoltaic cell panel and an outputted voltage-current collecting circuit of the photovoltaic cell panel, and further comprises a DSP controller which is a DSP chip having an APSOMPPT control algorithm program of the maximum power point tracking and is inserted with an A/D converter input and a pulse width modulator (PWM) output therein, and a BOOST circuit. One output of the photovoltaic cell panel is connected with the outputted voltage-current collecting circuit of the photovoltaic cell panel, and output terminals of the outputted voltage-current collecting circuit of the photovoltaic cell panel are then respectively connected with two A/D input terminals of the DSP controller. An output terminal of the pulse width modulator (PWM) of the DSP controller controls the BOOST circuit by using a driven circuit. The other output of the photovoltaic cell panel is connected with an input of the BOOST circuit and a load is connected with an output of the BOOST circuit. The maximum power point tracking device can automatically adjust a maximum output power of the photovoltaic cell arrays in accordance with an actually shielded condition of the cell panel, so that the conversion efficiency of the electric energy of the cell panel can reach a relatively high level.

Description

Maximum power point tracking device under the condition of photovoltaic generating system partial occlusion
Technical field
The utility model belongs to power electronics and automatic control technology field, relates in particular to a kind of solar photovoltaic generation system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion.
Background technology
Solar energy power generating is the important component part of new and renewable sources of energy.But, restricted the efficient utilization of solar energy because photovoltaic cell costs an arm and a leg, photovoltaic generating system self character complicacy causes its conversion efficiency very low.Therefore, how further improving the conversion efficiency of solar cell, make full use of the energy of photovoltaic array conversion, is the main direction and the key technology of research photovoltaic generating system.
(Maximum Power Point Tracking MPPT) is one of effective way of improving conversion efficiency of solar cell to the MPPT maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic generating system.Traditional M PPT method such as disturbance observation method (P&O), increment node-pair method (ICA) and mainly be based on photovoltaic array under the certain condition of irradiation, temperature based on improvement algorithm of disturbance observation method etc., its P-V curve is to study on the unimodality basis.But in practical application, the array mismatch phenomenon that causes of sheltering from heat or light and hot spot phenomenon etc. have a strong impact on the power output of photovoltaic generating system, cause the generating efficiency of solar panel significantly to descend.Experimental data shows: as long as 10% solar panel array area crested is arranged, just the overall optical photovoltaic generating system can lose the energy output of as many as 50%.And a plurality of extreme points appear in the P-V characteristic of photovoltaic array under local shade condition, make conventional maximal power tracing algorithm lose efficacy in this case.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model provides that a kind of integrated level is high, circuit is simple, cost is lower and has photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion of higher conversion efficiency of solar cell.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is taked following design:
A kind of photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion, it comprises the output voltage, the current acquisition circuit that are made up of Hall voltage transducer and Hall current sensor chip of photovoltaic battery panel and photovoltaic battery panel; It also comprises:
One dsp controller, it has A/D conversion and PWM (pulse-width modulation) output, and dsp controller adopts the dsp chip that is built-in with APSOMPPT MPPT maximum power point tracking control algolithm program;
One BOOST circuit:
The output one tunnel of said photovoltaic battery panel connects output voltage, the current acquisition circuit of photovoltaic battery panel, and the output of the output voltage of this photovoltaic battery panel, current acquisition circuit connects two A/D inputs of said dsp controller more respectively; The PWM control output of said controller is through drive circuit control BOOST circuit; The output of photovoltaic battery panel connects the input of BOOST circuit; The output of BOOST circuit connects load.
The dsp chip that said dsp controller employing model is TMS320F28335 is good.
The output voltage of said photovoltaic battery panel, current acquisition circuit are made up of Hall voltage transducer, Hall current sensor and two resistance; Wherein, The voltage output end of photovoltaic battery panel is connected to the input of Hall current sensor; And through resistance access Hall voltage transducer input, the output of Hall current sensor is received the A/D input of dsp chip.
The drive circuit of said photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion is the IGBT driver or adopts the MOS drive circuit.
The utility model is to the centralized control mode of photovoltaic array; Do not changing under many extreme points of photovoltaic array output characteristic condition; The output of considering photovoltaic generating system receives the fast-changing characteristics of illumination effect; Plan is utilized characteristics such as superperformance and the algorithm thereof of PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm aspect Multiple hump function optimization, global optimizing be simple; With self adaptation (Adaptive) judge search speed that the direction of search and position and particle cluster algorithm (PSO) combine soon, the APSOMPPT algorithm of stable state; And use it for photovoltaic generating system multimodal output characteristic fast seeking problem under the partial occlusion, to realize the output of photovoltaic generating system global maximum power.
The utility model photovoltaic generating system cell panel is based on the electric energy conversion efficiency that MPPT maximum power point tracking technology under the condition of photovoltaic generating system cell panel at partial occlusion improves photovoltaic battery panel at maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion; Make photovoltaic battery panel under partial occlusion conditions such as cloud layer, building, plant, photovoltaic generating system always works in maximum power point (mpp).APSOMPPT control algolithm program is housed in the controller; Through detecting output voltage, the output current of photovoltaic battery panel; Utilize the APSOMPPT Mathematical Modeling of setting up in the APSOMPPT Control Software that combines based on adaptive method and population method to come the position of maximum power point in the judgement system; Adopt PWM (pulse-width modulation) control method; Automatically the output current of adjustment photovoltaic generating system is followed the tracks of cell panel maximum power point under the condition of partial occlusion, realizes photovoltaic generating system cell panel MPPT maximum power point tracking function under the condition of partial occlusion thus.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(l) the utility model system can adjust the power output to realize that photovoltaic generating system is maximum automatically according to actual conditions, makes it have higher electric energy generating efficiency.
(2) the utility model system can be fast, stable and realize tracking accurately to maximum power point; And adaptability is strong, no matter is to export in illumination sudden change or the maximum power that under the partial occlusion condition, all can realize photovoltaic array photovoltaic generating system solar cell.
(3) realize that the system cost of the utility model is lower, be compared to lowly, simple in structure with the quasi-controller cost at present to have vast market prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of compositionality block diagram of the utility model photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion.
Fig. 3 is the built-in APSOMPPT algorithm routine flow chart of photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion.
Fig. 4 is this photovoltaic battery panel maximum power point tracking device APSOMPPT trace mode under the condition of partial occlusion.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is explained further details:
Embodiment
Consult shown in Figure 1ly, the utility model photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion includes the output voltage, the current acquisition circuit 3 that are made up of Hall voltage transducer and Hall current sensor chip of photovoltaic battery panel 1 and photovoltaic battery panel; Its innovative point is also to be designed with a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) controller 5 and a BOOST circuit 2; Described dsp controller has A/D conversion and PWM (pulse-width modulation) output, and controller is built-in with cell panel APSOMPPT control algolithm program under the condition of partial occlusion; The input of the said controller 5 of output termination of the output voltage of said photovoltaic battery panel, current acquisition circuit 3; The PWM control output of controller 5 is through drive circuit 4 control BOOST circuit 2; The output of BOOST circuit meets load 6 (R L).
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model photovoltaic generating system cell panel maximum power point tracking device under the condition of partial occlusion; Having adopted model for controller 5 among this embodiment is the TMS320F28335 dsp chip, is embedded with photovoltaic battery panel APSOMPPT control algolithm program under the condition of partial occlusion in this dsp chip.The 7 pin output pwm control signal of this controller core parts dsp chip U3; Through PWM drive circuit U4 (IGBT driver UC3706) control BOOST circuit, under condition, adjust the maximum power output that load curve is realized solar panel at partial occlusion to accomplish.Wherein, the BOOST circuit unit has comprised the M in the circuit theory diagrams, L; D1, the C part is universal element circuit; The output SI of photovoltaic battery panel PV is connected to the drain electrode of IGBT high power valve M through inductance L through the SO output of Acquisition Circuit; Be connected to the anode of Schottky diode D1 simultaneously, the negative electrode of Schottky diode D1 is connected to the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C, is connected to load RL again.The 7 pin output pwm control signal of controller core parts dsp chip U3 is to 8 pin of IGBT driver U4, and 4 pin of U4 export the grid of IGBT high power valve M to.Negative pole, the load of the source electrode of the other end of photovoltaic cell and high power valve M, electrochemical capacitor C are connected to ground.
The drive circuit of said PWM also can adopt the MOS drive circuit, and practical implementation can not given unnecessary details by existing techniques in realizing here.
Referring to shown in Figure 2; The output voltage of said photovoltaic battery panel, current acquisition circuit are made up of Hall voltage transducer U1 (CHV-25P), Hall current sensor U2 (CHF-5P) and resistance R 1, R2; Wherein, 1 pin that the voltage output end SI of photovoltaic battery panel 1 (PV) is connected to Hall current sensor U2 (CHF-5P) inserts voltage sensor U1 (CHV-25P) input 1 pin through resistance R 1, and A/D input 21 pin of dsp chip U3 are received in the 6 pin output of Hall current sensor U2 (CHF-5P).Be used for photovoltaic battery panel output current acquisition testing.
Among Fig. 2; The voltage output end SI of photovoltaic battery panel 1 inserts Hall voltage transducer U1 (CHV-25P) input 1 pin again through resistance R 1; The 6 pin output of Hall voltage transducer U1 (CHV-25P) is connected to A/D input 20 pin of dsp chip, is used for photovoltaic battery panel output voltage acquisition testing.
In practical application, marked change can take place in photovoltaic battery panel peak power output under the condition of blocking, and power output descends.In order to obtain maximum power output from photovoltaic battery panel, need choose the working point of the voltage and current of best photovoltaic battery panel.The utility model photovoltaic battery panel cell panel dsp controller that maximum power point tracking device adopts under the condition of partial occlusion has also embedded the APSOMPPT control algolithm, can realize maximum power output, thereby improve the solar photoelectric transformation efficiency.APSOMPPT control algolithm operation is as follows: at first, system initialization, disconnecting consumers RL obtains the open circuit voltage Uoc of photovoltaic battery panel, then the parameter of the maximum power point tracking device controller of initializing optical photovoltaic generating system under partly being blocked.Wherein: photovoltaic battery panel maximum output voltage Umax; Set initialization values simultaneously, be used for the timer sampling time T (30s) of A/D conversion, the sign EndFlag whether photovoltaic generating system finishes.Behind the system initialization, start timer; Timing arrives, and calls the APSOMPPT subprogram; The global optimum Ug that obtains through algorithm acts on photovoltaic array as the output voltage set-point of photovoltaic array; EP (end of program) timeing closing device, whole procedure finishes.The method of described APSOMPPT subprogram is: the voltage population of in this program, setting the photovoltaic array battery in advance is m=10.Current iteration frequency n ow_iter=1, iteration maximum times max_iter=10; The initial position of the m in the 1st a generation particle X i Now _ Iter = 125 + Now _ Iter - 1 Max _ Iter - 1 × ( U Max - 125 ) ;
The maximum of particle rapidity (Vmax), promptly the maximum speed value Vmax of photovoltaic generating system voltage disturbance is 80% a value of a photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage; The population i=1 of operation; The minimum Umin=125 that photovoltaic array allows when being exported by controller control; The now_iter time iterative process is carried out.Will be according to the initial position of i particle
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00001816450900052
Output voltage as photovoltaic array is given, and then detects now_iter generation i pairing photovoltaic array output voltage U of particle i, electric current I i, and calculate the power P of i particle iIf i=i+1 the population i＞m that carries out in the now_iter time iterative process, obtains the pairing photovoltaic array optimal value of i particle in the now_iter time iterative process
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00001816450900061
And the global optimum in the iterative process till before the H
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00001816450900062
Change next step over to; Iterations now_iter=now_iter+1 is set, if now_iter＞max_iter, then whole iterative process finishes.With the global optimum in the iterative process
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00001816450900063
Tax returns to main program to Ug; Otherwise calculate new now_iter iterative process, make i=1, and calculate r 1=(random (0,1)+random (0,1))/2, r 2=(random (0,1)+random (0,1))/2.Random (0,1) is the random function in the 0-1 scope. c 1 = 2.88 - Now _ Iter - 1 Max _ Iter - 1 × ( 2.88 - 1.28 ) , c 2 = 0.5 - Now _ Iter - 1 Max _ Iter - 1 × ( 2.88 - 0.5 ) , Calculate the now_iter time If P i＞P Avgω=ω-(ω-ω then Min) * | (P i-P Avg)/(P g-P Avg) |, otherwise ω=ω+(ω-ω Min) * | (P i-P Avg)/(P g-P Avg) |.
According to formula V i Now _ Iter + 1 = ω V i Now _ Iter + c 1 r 1 ( P i Now _ Iter - X i Now _ Iter ) + c 2 r 2 ( P g Now _ Iter - X i Now _ Iter ) Calculate i the speed that particle is new, if Then By formula Calculate the renewal of i particle and upgrade the position.If
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA000018164509000611
be
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA000018164509000612
otherwise
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA000018164509000613
makes i=i+1 then; Population i as if carrying out in the now_iter time iterative process is less than or equal to m, proceeds to calculate the renewal position that obtains i particle; Otherwise this iterative process finishes.
Above-mentioned each embodiment can be under the scope that does not break away from the utility model in addition some variations, so above explanation comprises and accompanying drawing shown in structure should be regarded as exemplary, but not in order to limit the protection range that the utility model is applied for a patent.

Claims (4)

1. maximum power point tracking device under the condition of a photovoltaic generating system partial occlusion, it comprises output voltage, the current acquisition circuit of photovoltaic battery panel and photovoltaic battery panel; It is characterized in that also comprising:
One dsp controller for being equipped with the dsp chip of APSOMPPT MPPT maximum power point tracking control algolithm program, and innerly embedding the A/D converter input and exports with the PWM pulse width modulator;
One BOOST circuit;
The output one tunnel of said photovoltaic battery panel connects output voltage, the current acquisition circuit of photovoltaic battery panel, and the output of the output voltage of this photovoltaic battery panel, current acquisition circuit connects two A/D inputs of said dsp controller more respectively; The PWM pulse width modulator output of said dsp controller is through drive circuit control BOOST circuit; Another road output of said photovoltaic battery panel connects the input of BOOST circuit, and the output of BOOST circuit connects load.
2. global maximum power point tracking means under the condition of photovoltaic generating system partial occlusion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is the dsp chip of TMS320F28335 that said dsp controller adopts model.
3. maximum power point tracking device under the condition of photovoltaic generating system partial occlusion according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the current/voltage Acquisition Circuit of said photovoltaic battery panel is made up of Hall voltage transducer, Hall current sensor and two resistance; Wherein, The voltage output end of photovoltaic battery panel is connected to the input of Hall current sensor, and inserts Hall voltage transducer input through a resistance, and the output of Hall current sensor is received the A/D input of dsp chip.
4. maximum power point tracking device under the condition of photovoltaic generating system partial occlusion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said drive circuit is the IGBT driver or adopts the MOS drive circuit.
CN2012200264167U 2012-01-19 2012-01-19 Maximum power point tracking device for photovoltaic power generation system under partially-shielded condition Expired - Fee Related CN202444444U (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102594211A (en) * 2012-01-19 2012-07-18 北京工商大学 Optimizing method and tracking device for output power of partially shielded photovoltaic power generation system
CN103384079A (en) * 2013-08-12 2013-11-06 合肥为民电源有限公司 Method and circuit for tracking maximum power of small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems
CN105739595A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-07-06 河海大学 Device and method for tracing maximum power point under partial shade of photovoltaic power generation system
CN106126887A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-11-16 河海大学 A kind of multi-peak maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on parameter identification
CN106200754A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 四川蜀旺新能源股份有限公司 A kind of photovoltaic generating system maximum power tracking device
CN114244246A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-03-25 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Wind-solar hybrid power station and installation method thereof

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102594211A (en) * 2012-01-19 2012-07-18 北京工商大学 Optimizing method and tracking device for output power of partially shielded photovoltaic power generation system
CN102594211B (en) * 2012-01-19 2014-08-13 北京工商大学 Optimizing method and tracking device for output power of partially shielded photovoltaic power generation system
CN103384079A (en) * 2013-08-12 2013-11-06 合肥为民电源有限公司 Method and circuit for tracking maximum power of small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems
CN105739595A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-07-06 河海大学 Device and method for tracing maximum power point under partial shade of photovoltaic power generation system
CN105739595B (en) * 2016-05-06 2017-06-16 河海大学 Maximum power point tracking device and method under photovoltaic generating system local shades
CN106126887A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-11-16 河海大学 A kind of multi-peak maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on parameter identification
CN106200754A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 四川蜀旺新能源股份有限公司 A kind of photovoltaic generating system maximum power tracking device
CN114244246A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-03-25 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Wind-solar hybrid power station and installation method thereof

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