CN202404233U - Inverse V-shaped antenna array intermediate-frequency (MF) radar - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses inverse V-shaped antenna array intermediate-frequency (MF) radar. The radar mainly comprises indoor equipment and outdoor equipment, wherein the indoor equipment mainly comprises a transmitting device, a receiving device, a transmitting/receiving (T/R) switch, a signal processing device, a data processing device and a power supply; and the outdoor equipment mainly comprises a transceiving antenna array, a balun and feeder cables. The radar is characterized in that the transceiving antenna array consists of four inverse V-shaped antennas, wherein each inverse V-shaped antenna consists of a main tower (1), four secondary towers (2) and two half-wave antenna oscillators (3); and the main tower (1) is higher than the secondary towers (2), the four secondary towers (2) are uniformly distributed around the main tower (1), the midpoints of the two half-wave antenna oscillators (3) are orthogonal at the highest point of the main tower (1), and two ends of each antenna oscillator (3) incline downward and then are connected with the corresponding secondary towers (2). The MF radar is designed by adopting the inverse V-shaped antennas; and a plurality of physical parameters are measured by different working modes. The radar has the advantages of low investment and high stability.

Description

Inverted V antenna array MF radar

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of radar, the especially a kind of weather radar that middle level and thermosphere atmospheric level wind speed, wind direction are measured, specifically a kind of inverted V antenna array MF radar of being used for.

Background technology

The MF radar is mainly used in middle level and the parameters such as thermosphere atmospheric level wind speed, wind direction of surveying 60～100km, and ionospheric electron density is observed.Since the eighties in last century; Because it is constantly perfect to survey the Radar Technology and the analytical approach of middle atmosphere; Particularly transmitter has been realized all solid stateization, has that equipment is simple, operation is convenient and outstanding advantages such as unmanned, and MF middle atmosphere detection radar station increases sharply.

Have more than 20 middle atmosphere radar station running at present in the world, mainly be distributed in countries and regions such as North America, Australia, Japan, Antarctica.These MF radars adopt common dipole antenna, and antenna array is bigger, and construction cost is high.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to set up the cost height to existing MF radar antenna, and the problem of reliability and stable difference designs a kind of inverted V antenna array MF radar.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

A kind of inverted V antenna array MF radar; It mainly is made up of indoor equipment and outdoor equipment; Indoor equipment mainly is made up of emitter, receiving trap, T/R switch, signal processing apparatus, data processing equipment and power supply; Outdoor equipment mainly is made up of dual-mode antenna array, Ba Lun and feeder cable, it is characterized in that described dual-mode antenna array is made up of four inverted V antennas, and described inverted V antenna is made up of a king-tower 1, four secondary towers 2 and two half-wave antenna oscillators 3; And the height of king-tower 1 is greater than the height of secondary tower 2; Four secondary towers 2 be distributed on king-tower 1 around, the mid point of two half-wave antenna oscillators 3 links to each other with corresponding secondary tower 2 after the two ends declivity of every antenna oscillator 3 at the peak quadrature of king-tower 1.

The height of described king-tower 1 is at least 2 times of secondary tower height.

In described four inverted V antennas three are distributed on the summit of an isosceles triangle, and another is distributed on the central point of isosceles triangle.

The beneficial effect of the utility model:

The utility model adopts Grecian type antenna design MF radar, through the different working mode, realizes the measurement of a plurality of physical parameters.Through the conversion of working method, adopt different timing relationship, signal processing method and algorithm, realized the horizontal wind field of middle atmosphere, vertical wind field estimation.

This utility model is applicable to the design of MF frequency range and near frequency band windfinding radar, and the multi-functional design of single portion radar is had directive significance and reference function.

The utlity model has advantages such as conceptual design is reasonable, measurement function is complete, the realization expense is few.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the radar antenna of the falling V structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is that the horizontal wind field of the utility model obtains figure.

Fig. 3 is that the MF radar of the utility model is formed system chart.

Fig. 4 is that the MF radar antenna of utility model sets up figure.

Fig. 5 is the stereographic map of the antenna oscillator broad beam of the utility model.

Fig. 6 is the plane pattern of the antenna oscillator broad beam of the utility model.

Fig. 7 is the stereographic map of the antenna oscillator narrow beam of the utility model.

Fig. 8 is the plane pattern of the antenna oscillator narrow beam of the utility model.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Shown in Fig. 1-8.

A kind of inverted V antenna array MF radar; It mainly is made up of indoor equipment and outdoor equipment; Indoor equipment mainly is made up of emitter, receiving trap, T/R switch, signal processing apparatus, data processing equipment and power supply, and outdoor equipment mainly is made up of dual-mode antenna array, Ba Lun and feeder cable, and is as shown in Figure 3; Described dual-mode antenna array is made up of four inverted V antennas; In four inverted V antennas three are distributed on the summit of an isosceles triangle, and another is distributed on the central point of isosceles triangle, like Fig. 2, shown in 4.Described inverted V antenna is made up of a king-tower 1, four secondary towers 2 and two half-wave antenna oscillators 3, and is as shown in Figure 1, and the height of king-tower 1 is greater than the height of secondary tower 2; The height of king-tower is more than two times of secondary tower height preferably; The king-tower of present embodiment is high 24 meters, high 10 material of secondary tower, four secondary towers 2 be distributed on king-tower 1 around; The mid point of two half-wave antenna oscillators 3 links to each other with corresponding secondary tower 2 after the two ends declivity of every antenna oscillator 3 at the peak quadrature of king-tower 1.

Details are as follows:

The MF radar of the utility model mainly is made up of the several subsystems of antenna feeder, emission, reception, signal Processing, data processing and power supply.Outdoor equipment mainly is dual-mode antenna battle array, Ba Lun, feeder cable, and indoor equipment mainly is emission, reception, T/R switch, signal Processing, data processing and power supply.The system chart of MF radar is as shown in Figure 3.

The outdoor equipment of MF radar contains dual-mode antenna battle array, impedance transformer and feeder cable.Dual-mode antenna is 4 pairs of orthogonal dipole antennas, and wherein 3 orthogonal dipole antennas are distributed on the equilateral triangle summit of length of side 185m, and 1 orthogonal dipole antennas is positioned at leg-of-mutton center, and orthogonal dipole antennas is the inverted V-shaped structure.The aerial array of MF radar is seen Fig. 2.

The MF radar divides 8 tunnel emission outputs, corresponding 1 antenna oscillator in every road.The peak power on every road is greater than 8kW, and dutycycle is not less than 0.5%, and its difficult point and main points are higher peak powers, and physical dimension is very little.Because MF radar 24 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s and unattended high reliability request; This radar adopts all solid-state transmitter; Make full use of the power tube of mesohigh high speed MOSFET device as amplifier; Make element circuit reach bigger peak power, utilize power combiner to synthesize required output power again.

According to the different working principle, 4 kinds of working methods of MF radar have adopted different equipment combination, timing controlled, signal Processing and terminal software.

When being operated in horizontal wind metering system; Adopted 4 pairs of cross oscillator antennas as 4 antenna elements; 4 antenna element while emissive powers during emission, 4 antenna elements receive faint reflected signal respectively during reception, and 2 corresponding receivers of every pair of cross oscillator are done relevant accumulation; Through total correlation analysis, obtain the horizontal wind field speed of middle atmosphere to 4 groups of accumulation signals.

When being operated in the vertically-supplying air metering system, it is as a whole that 4 pairs of cross oscillator antennas are done, with the mode synchronized transmissions power of full coherent; The signal that No. 8 receivers receive during reception; Handle through full coherent pulse Doppler, obtain the Doppler shift of vertical direction, thereby calculate vertical velocity.

When being operated in ionosphere Density Distribution metering system; 4 pairs of cross oscillator antennas are divided into orthogonal 2 groups of antenna elements according to the oscillator direction; Every group of antenna element comprises 4 not oscillators of conllinear that are parallel to each other; Through phase control, realize the linear polarization, left-handed polarization and the right-hand polarization control that transmit to pumping signal; Through phase shift to received signal, realize receiving linear polarization accumulation, left-handed polarization accumulation and the right-hand polarization accumulation of signal, through calculating the ratio of two character modules partial reflections of reflected signal coefficient, obtain the ionosphere Density Distribution of differing heights layer.

When being operated in the spectrum estimation mode; Control through timing signal; The antenna alternation in 1 pair of antenna (broad beam) emission, receive the state that signal is launched, received to signal and 4 pairs of antennas (narrow beam) simultaneously, as shown in the table to the simulation result under no earth mat, 1.98MHz, the 185 meters spacing parameters.

Wherein the summit oscillator refers to be arranged in 3 antenna oscillators some of triangular apex, and middle oscillator refers in particular to the antenna oscillator that is positioned at triangle center.According to the principle of work of spectrum estimation, the sensing of broad beam and narrow beam should be consistent as far as possible, adopts the mode of 4 pairs of antenna oscillators and middle antenna oscillator alternation for this reason.The solid of broad beam and plane pattern are seen Fig. 5 and Fig. 6; Narrow beam solid and plane pattern see Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.

The MF radar of the utility model adopts reverse V-shaped space distribution antenna and total correlation analytical technology, through adopting the different working mode, can obtain parameters such as the horizontal wind field of middle atmosphere, vertical wind field.

The formation of space distribution antenna is the key that the MF radar function realizes, sees from the data that inquires, existing in the world at present more than 20 middle atmosphere MF radar station, and that adopts the space distribution antenna is the horizontal dipole structure.Its oscillator arms of horizontal half-wave dipole is a quarter-wave from the height of reflecting surface usually, and Ben Leida adopts the 1.98MHz frequency, and quarter-wave has been brought very big difficulty just up to 37.9m to antenna installation.This antenna is made up of four pairs of dual polarized antenna group battle arrays in addition; Every pair of dual polarized antenna is formed by two dipole antennas of square crossing; The theoretical analysis and emulation are found, antenna gain, the influential factor of lobe performance except that the antenna holder height, are also comprised: the size of the verticality between the levelness of antenna oscillator, two cross oscillators, the depth of parallelism between the different oscillator, ground flat degree, antenna array etc.; Under the prerequisite that guarantees the antenna technology index; Structure is set up the maintenance with equipment for ease, avoids As time goes on, and the antenna deadweight causes the levelness index of antenna oscillator to descend; The present invention adopts the inverted V antenna structure, and the inverted V-shaped structure is referring to Fig. 1.

The characteristics of inverted V-shaped structure are that each intersection half-wave dipole middle frame is high; 4 terminal declivities of oscillator; What antenna installation was nature tiltedly draws rock-steady structure, and the deadweight distortion of antenna oscillator reduces the reduction of antenna installation cost greatly; The reduction greatly of antenna installation difficulty has guaranteed the stability of antenna technology index.The difference of the antenna array yield value under the different situations sees the following form.

The MF radar obtains the measurement result to the middle atmosphere different physical through changing working method and adopting different disposal routes.Specifically be divided into 4 kinds: 1. adopt space distribution antenna (SA) pattern and total correlation analysis (FCA) technology, obtain the horizontal wind field of middle atmosphere; 2. adopt full coherent pulse Doppler system, obtain the vertical wind field and the air index textural constant of middle atmosphere; 3. through to transmitting and receiving the polarization control of signal, obtain the ionosphere Density Distribution that middle atmosphere comprises; 4. employing beam synthesizing technology realizes the spectrum width estimation of middle atmosphere disturbance through changing beam angle.The concrete technical scheme of above-mentioned 4 kinds of working methods is described below respectively.

1. horizontal wind field obtains

Referring to Fig. 3, working method is 88 and receives.

For the ground diffraction pattern, f (x, y t) represent the field of certain point, then at a distance of (ξ, η) and the room and time related function that has between the signal of mistiming τ can be made as,

$\mathrm{\&rho;}(\mathrm{\&xi;},\mathrm{\&eta;},\mathrm{\&tau;})=\frac{<f(x,y,t)f(x+\mathrm{\&xi;},y+\mathrm{\&eta;},t+\mathrm{\&tau;})>}{{\left|f(x,y,t)\right|}^2}---\left(1\right)$

For diffraction pattern static, that have random motion, can suppose that related function has following form,

ρ(ξ，η，τ)＝ρ(Aξ ²+Bη ²+Kτ ²+2Hξη) (2)

If diffraction pattern has speed V, then its form does,

ρ(ζ，η，τ)＝ρ[A(ξ-Vx·τ) ²+B(η-Vy·τ) ²+Kτ ²+2H(ξ-Vx·τ)(η-Vy·τ)] (3)

Following formula can be written as again,

ρ(ξ，η，τ)＝ρ(Aξ ²+Bη ²+Kτ ²+2Fξτ+2Gητ+2Hξη) (4)

Compare (3) and (4) formula, following relation of plane arranged:

AVx+HVy＝-F (5)

BVy+HVx＝-G (6)

Through autocorrelation function and the cross correlation function that calculates each antenna, confirm the parameter in (4), utilize (5,6) formula then, calculate the horizontal velocity of diffraction pattern.

2. vertical wind field obtains

Adopt full coherent pulse Doppler to handle, obtain the vertical direction Doppler shift, calculate vertical velocity.

At first with the M of each range gate digital I, the Q data, be designated as I (hi, ti), Q (hi, ti) in the correlation time of atmospheric turbulence echo, carry out coherence average:

$I_{\mathrm{av}}=\frac{1}{M}\underset{j=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}I(h_i,t_i)$

$=\frac{1}{M}\underset{j=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}I(h_i,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{t}_s)$

$=\frac{1}{M}\underset{j=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{a}_i(t_0+\mathrm{j\&Delta;}{t}_s)\cos (\mathrm{\&omega;}{t}_0+\mathrm{\&omega;j\&Delta;}{t}_s)$

Adopt fast fourier transform again, echoed signal is carried out analysis of spectrum, on frequency axis, obtain the central point and the spectrum width of signal frequency.If it is N that fast fourier transform is handled the umber of pulse of accumulation, the number of Doppler filter is Fr/N, and accumulation back signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) has improved N doubly.Actual treatment can be handled the real part and the imaginary part of spectrum respectively, and then synthetic power spectrum.At this moment velocity resolution does

P wherein _nBe signal power spectral density, σ _S+nBe the standard deviation of signal plus noise power spectrum density, improve velocity resolution, also should continue observation, when obtaining S power spectrum, can carry out incoherent averaging.The incoherent averaging of S power spectrum does

Doppler signal power spectrum P (ω by the atmospheric turbulence scatter echo _L) can calculate

The zeroth order square $m_0=\underset{l=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}P\left({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_l\right)$

First moment: ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="m"\; filenames="111212134025.png,111212134042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}_1=\underset{l=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\mathrm{\&omega;\; P}\left({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_l\right)$

Can obtain the Doppler shift

of the atmospheric turbulence scatter echo of a certain height thus

Average power P by the atmospheric turbulence scatter echo of a certain height _Av

$p_{\mathrm{av}}=\frac{2}{9\mathrm{\&pi;}}\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{{\mathrm{cr}}^2}\left(L^2{P}_t{F}_r{A}_e\cos x{\left(\frac{\mathrm{c\&tau;}}{2}\right)}^2\right)\mathrm{\&eta;}$

$P_{\mathrm{av}}=\frac{1}{36{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^2{r}^2}{P}_t^{-}\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G\; L"\; filenames="111212134025.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}{L}^{}{}^2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}^{\frac{5}{3}}\mathrm{\&Delta;}r\cos \mathrm{x\&eta;}$

R in the formula: target is to the distance of radar;

radar emission average power; G: antenna gain; L: feeder loss; Δ r: distance by radar resolution; X: the angle of antenna spindle and wave beam; η: the atmospheric reflectance rate,

is relevant with the air index textural constant.

$\mathrm{\&eta;}=0.38{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}^{-1/3}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C\; n"\; filenames="111212134025.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_n^{}$

Average power P from the atmospheric turbulence scatter echo of a certain height _Av, just can calculate the air index textural constant of this height

The utility model does not relate to all identical with the prior art prior art that maybe can adopt of part to be realized.

Claims (3)

1. inverted V antenna array MF radar; It mainly is made up of indoor equipment and outdoor equipment; Indoor equipment mainly is made up of emitter, receiving trap, T/R switch, signal processing apparatus, data processing equipment and power supply; Outdoor equipment mainly is made up of dual-mode antenna array, Ba Lun and feeder cable, it is characterized in that described dual-mode antenna array is made up of four inverted V antennas, and described inverted V antenna is made up of a king-tower (1), four secondary towers (2) and two half-wave antenna oscillators (3); And the height of king-tower (1) is greater than the height of secondary tower (2); Four secondary towers (2) be distributed on king-tower (1) around, the mid point of two half-wave antenna oscillators (3) is at the peak quadrature of king-tower (1), links to each other with corresponding secondary tower (2) after the two ends declivity of every antenna oscillator (3).

2. inverted V antenna array MF radar according to claim 1, the height that it is characterized in that described king-tower (1) is at least 2 times of secondary tower height.

3. inverted V antenna array MF radar according to claim 1 is characterized in that in described four inverted V antennas three are distributed on the summit of an isosceles triangle, and another is distributed on the central point of isosceles triangle.

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