The utility model content:
For the current mirror (being the current mirror among Fig. 1) that solves the US5252910 proposition requires the drain-source voltage of its first transistor T1 and the drain-source voltage of transistor seconds T2 to have the technical matters than higher value, the utility model proposes a kind of improved current mirror.
The technical scheme of the utility model is following:
A kind of improved current mirror comprises:
A reference arm, it comprises first current source and the first transistor;
An output branch road, it comprises a load and transistor seconds;
The grid of the first transistor and the grid of transistor seconds interconnect and are controlled by first current source;
A drain voltage that makes the first transistor is followed the tracks of the feedback branch of the drain voltage of transistor seconds, and said feedback branch comprises: the 3rd transistor, and it is connected between first current source and the first transistor; The 4th transistor, it is connected between second auxiliary current source and the transistor seconds;
The 3rd transistorized grid and the 4th transistorized grid interconnect and are controlled by second auxiliary current source;
It is characterized in that,
Said the 3rd transistor series is meant that between first current source and the first transistor the 3rd transistorized source electrode is connected in the drain electrode of the first transistor, and the 3rd transistor drain is connected in first current source; Said the 4th transistor series is meant that between second auxiliary current source and transistor seconds the 4th transistorized source electrode is connected in the drain electrode of transistor seconds, and the 4th transistor drain is connected in second auxiliary current source.
Also comprise the 5th transistor and the 3rd auxiliary current source; The 5th transistorized grid is connected in the 4th transistorized source electrode; The 5th transistorized source electrode is connected in the 3rd transistor drain; The 5th transistor drain links to each other with the grid of the first transistor and the grid of transistor seconds, and an end of the 3rd auxiliary current source links to each other with the 5th transistor drain.
Also comprise the 4th auxiliary current source, the one of which end is connected in the drain electrode of the first transistor.
Also comprise the auxiliary current mirror of realizing the 3rd auxiliary current source, the output current of said the 3rd auxiliary current source is the output current that the output branch road of said auxiliary current mirror provides.
Said auxiliary current mirror comprises:
Auxiliary current mirror reference arm, it comprises the 5th auxiliary current source and the 6th transistor;
Auxiliary current mirror output branch road, it comprises the 7th transistor;
The said the 6th transistorized grid and the 7th transistorized grid interconnect, and are controlled by the 5th auxiliary current source;
Said the 7th transistor drain is connected in the 5th transistor drain.
Said the first transistor, transistor seconds, the 3rd transistor, the 4th transistor are the N-channel MOS field effect transistor, and the 5th transistor is a P channel MOS field effect transistor.
Said the first transistor, transistor seconds, the 3rd transistor, the 4th transistor, the 6th transistor, the 7th transistor are the N-channel MOS field effect transistor, and the 5th transistor is a P channel MOS field effect transistor.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is:
1, compares and prior art (current mirror shown in Figure 1); The utility model current mirror has increased said the 5th transistor; It constitutes a collapsible operational amplifier (also being differential amplifier simultaneously) with said the 3rd transistor, the 4th transistor and the 3rd auxiliary current source; The differential amplifier that only constitutes in the current mirror shown in Figure 1 by transistor T 5 and transistor T 6; Said collapsible operational amplifier has improved Amplifier Gain; Thereby under the requirement that guarantees proportionate relationship strict between output current and the reference current, the lower limit of the drain-source voltage of the utility model current mirror the first transistor and the drain-source voltage of transistor seconds can be lower than the lower limit of the drain-source voltage of the transistor T 1 of current mirror among Fig. 1, T2.
2, said the 3rd auxiliary current source provides electric current to make the 5th transistor work in the amplification region.
3, this current mirroring circuit also comprises the 4th auxiliary current source, and the one of which end is connected between the first transistor and the 3rd transistor of said reference arm, and its effect provides the current mirror reference current.
Embodiment:
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the utility model is clearer,, the utility model is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explaining the utility model, and is not used in qualification the utility model.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of improved current mirror comprises:
A reference arm; It comprises first current source and the first transistor M1; During concrete the realization, can comprise the 8th transistor M8 that is used to regulate and control said first current source current, the source electrode of said the 8th transistor M8 is connected with the first supply voltage termination VIN; The drain electrode of the 8th transistor M8 is connected with the drain electrode of the 3rd transistor M3; The grid of the 8th transistor M8 is connected in control supply voltage termination Vb, and the source electrode of the 3rd transistor M3 is connected in the drain electrode of the first transistor M1, and the source electrode of said the first transistor M1 is connected in second source voltage termination VSS; The first supply voltage termination VIN, the 8th transistor M8, the 3rd transistor M3, the first transistor M1, second source voltage termination VSS place branch road form the first current source path, and the first supply voltage VIN is higher than second source voltage VSS;
An output branch road, it comprises a load (in Fig. 2, being light emitting diode) and transistor seconds M2, and the drain electrode of said transistor seconds M2 connects said load, and the source electrode of transistor seconds M2 is connected in second source voltage termination VSS;
The grid of the grid of the first transistor M1 and transistor seconds M2 interconnects and is controlled by first current source; During concrete the realization; The grid of the grid of said the first transistor M1 and transistor seconds M2 all is connected in the drain electrode of the 5th transistor M5, and the source electrode of the 5th transistor M5 is connected in the drain electrode of the 8th transistor M8;
A drain voltage that makes the first transistor M1 is followed the tracks of the feedback branch of the drain voltage of transistor seconds M2; Said feedback branch comprises: the 3rd transistor M3; It is connected between first current source and the first transistor M1; The drain electrode of the 3rd transistor M3 is connected in the drain electrode of the 8th transistor M8, and the source electrode of the 3rd transistor M3 is connected in the drain electrode of the first transistor M1; The 4th transistor M4; It is connected between second auxiliary current source and the transistor seconds M2; During concrete the realization; Can comprise the 9th transistor M9 that is used to regulate and control the said second auxiliary current source electric current; The grid of the 9th transistor M9 is connected in said control supply voltage termination Vb, and the source electrode of the 9th transistor M9 is connected in the first power source voltage termination VIN, and the drain electrode of the 9th transistor M9 is connected in the drain electrode of the 4th transistor M4; The source electrode of the 4th transistor M4 is connected in the drain electrode of transistor seconds M2, and the first supply voltage termination VIN, the 9th transistor M9, the 4th transistor M4, transistor seconds M2, second source voltage termination VSS place branch road form the second auxiliary current source path;
The grid of the grid of the 3rd transistor M3 and the 4th transistor M4 interconnects and is controlled by second auxiliary current source, and when specifically realizing, the grid of the grid of said the 3rd transistor M3 and the 4th transistor M4 all is connected in the drain electrode of the 9th transistor M9.
It is characterized in that; Also comprise the 5th transistor M5 and the 3rd auxiliary current source; The grid of the 5th transistor M5 is connected in the drain electrode of the transistor seconds M2 of output branch road; The source electrode of the 5th transistor M5 is connected in the drain electrode of the 3rd transistor M3 of reference arm, and the drain electrode of the 5th transistor M5 links to each other with the grid of the first transistor M1 and the grid of transistor seconds M2, and an end of the 3rd auxiliary current source links to each other with the drain electrode of the 5th transistor M5.
Preferably, also comprise the 4th auxiliary current source, the one of which end is connected between the first transistor M1 and the 3rd transistor M3 of said reference arm.During concrete the realization; Comprise the tenth transistor M10 that is used to regulate and control said the 4th auxiliary current source electric current; The grid of the tenth transistor M10 is connected in said control supply voltage termination Vb; The source electrode of the tenth transistor M10 is connected in the first supply voltage termination VIN; The drain electrode of the tenth transistor M10 is connected in the drain electrode of the first transistor M1, and the source electrode of the first transistor M1 is connected in second source voltage termination VSS, and the first supply voltage termination VIN, the tenth transistor M10, the first transistor M1, second source voltage termination VSS place branch road form the 4th auxiliary current source path.
Preferably, also comprise the auxiliary current mirror of realizing the 3rd auxiliary current source, the output current of said the 3rd auxiliary current source is the output current that the output branch road of said auxiliary current mirror provides.
Said auxiliary current mirror comprises:
Auxiliary current mirror reference arm, it comprises the 5th auxiliary current source and the 6th transistor M6;
Auxiliary current mirror output branch road, it comprises the 7th transistor M7;
The grid of the grid of said the 6th transistor M6 and the 7th transistor M7 interconnects, and is controlled by the 5th auxiliary current source;
The drain electrode of said the 7th transistor M7 is connected in the drain electrode of the 5th transistor M5;
During concrete the realization; Comprise the 11 transistor M11 that is used to regulate and control said the 5th auxiliary current source electric current; The grid of said the 11 transistor M11 is connected in said control supply voltage termination Vb; The source electrode of said the 11 transistor M11 is connected in the first supply voltage termination VIN; The drain electrode of the 11 transistor M11 is connected in the drain electrode of the 6th transistor M6; The source electrode of the 6th transistor M6 is connected in second source voltage termination VSS, and the branch road at the first supply voltage joint VIN, the 11 transistor M11, the 6th transistor M6, second source voltage termination VSS place forms the 5th auxiliary current source path, and the drain electrode of the 7th transistor M7 is connected with the drain electrode of the 5th transistor M5; The source electrode of the 7th transistor M7 links to each other with second source voltage termination VSS, and the 11 transistor M11, the 6th transistor M6 and the 7th transistor M7 constitute the auxiliary current mirror makes the 5th transistor M5 work in the amplification region.
Said the first transistor M1, transistor seconds M2, the 3rd transistor M3, the 4th transistor M4, the 6th transistor M6, the 7th transistor M7 are the N-channel MOS field effect transistor, and the 5th transistor M5, the 8th transistor M8, the 9th transistor M9, the tenth transistor M10, the 11 transistor M11 are P channel MOS field effect transistor.
The principle of work of the utility model is:
The first transistor M1 and transistor seconds M2 constitute a pair of current mirror, and wherein the first transistor M1 is the MOS field effect transistor of decision reference current, and transistor seconds M2 is the MOS field effect transistor of decision output current.Present embodiment is used for the application scenario that a constant-current LED drives with said current mirror, and promptly the said load at said output branch road is a light emitting diode.The 3rd transistor M3; The 4th transistor M4; Differential amplifier of the common formation of the 5th transistor M5 and the 7th transistor M7, wherein, the source end of the 4th transistor M4 (the node A (Vcath) among Fig. 2) is the inverting input of said differential amplifier; The source end of the 3rd transistor M3 (Node B among Fig. 2 (Vtrack)) is the in-phase input end of differential amplifier, and the drain terminal of the 5th transistor M5 then is an output terminal.And the 6th transistor M6, the 8th transistor M8, the 9th transistor M9, the tenth transistor M10, the 11 transistor M11 all is used for the work of auxiliary current mirror.
The concrete course of work of the utility model current mirror is following: the inverting input of said differential amplifier and in-phase input end detect the error between the drain-source voltage Vcath of drain-source voltage Vtrack and transistor seconds M2 of the first transistor M1 of current mirror; After said then error is amplified through said differential amplifier; Deliver to the grid of M1 and M2 from the output terminal of said differential amplifier; The output terminal of said amplifier i.e. the drain terminal (node D) of the 5th transistor M5, and forcing the error of Vcath and Vtrack with this is zero.Like this; Just obtained the current mirror that precision is high: not only the grid voltage of the first transistor M1 of current mirror and transistor seconds M2 is in full accord; And the drain-source voltage Vcath of the drain-source voltage Vtrack of the first transistor M1 and transistor seconds M2 is also in full accord, thereby has guaranteed proportionate relationship strict between output current and the reference current.
Than prior art (current mirror shown in Fig. 1); The said differential amplifier of the utility model is that two-stage is amplified; The first order is the differential amplifier that the 3rd transistor M3 and the 4th transistor M4 form; The second level is the cathode-input amplifier that the 5th transistor M5 and the 7th transistor M7 form, and the gain of the two poles of the earth amplifier of the utility model is 60-80dB, and the current mirror among Fig. 1 only constitutes the one-level differential amplifier by transistor T 5, T6; Its gain is about 40dB, and the differential amplifier with two-stage enlarging function of visible the utility model is compared prior art and improved gain.
Because the utility model current mirror has adopted the higher differential amplifier of a kind of gain; Therefore; Under the requirement that guarantees proportionate relationship strict between current mirror output current and the reference current, the lower limit of the drain-source voltage of the utility model current mirror the first transistor M1 and transistor seconds M2 can be lower than the lower limit of the drain-source voltage of the transistor T 1 of current mirror among Fig. 1, T2.Concrete reason is:
For United States Patent (USP) propose current mirror (current mirror shown in Figure 1); The drain-source voltage of current mirror transistor T1 and T2 is low more; Accordingly, said transistor T 1 is operated in dark more linear zone with T2, and at this moment their output resistance is very little; This just feasible open-loop gain by the loop that differential amplifier and current mirror constituted jointly becomes very little; Thereby slackened adjustment capability, promptly be difficult to make the drain-source voltage of transistor T 1 and T2 to be consistent, thereby must bring the ratio between output current and the reference current to depart from predetermined design load the drain-source voltage of transistor T 1 and T2.And the gain that the current mirror that the utility model proposes has improved differential amplifier itself, thereby improved the open-loop gain of loop, therefore have stronger drain-source voltage and adjust consistent ability the first transistor M1 and transistor seconds M2.
What be worth simultaneously particularly pointing out is; General cathode-input amplifier needs a special biasing circuit to grid current potential to be provided; The utility model directly links to each other the grid of the drain electrode of the transistor seconds M2 of current mirror output terminal with cathode-input amplifier the 5th transistor M5; Be the grid potential of Vcath, so farthest simplified circuit as the 5th transistor M5.
Should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the utility model, but limit the utility model never in any form.Therefore; Although this instructions has carried out detailed explanation with reference to accompanying drawing and embodiment to the utility model,, those skilled in the art are to be understood that; Still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the utility model; In a word, all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and the scope of the utility model, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the utility model patent.