CN202342167U - 旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓 - Google Patents

旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓 Download PDF

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CN202342167U
CN202342167U CN2011204604765U CN201120460476U CN202342167U CN 202342167 U CN202342167 U CN 202342167U CN 2011204604765 U CN2011204604765 U CN 2011204604765U CN 201120460476 U CN201120460476 U CN 201120460476U CN 202342167 U CN202342167 U CN 202342167U
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traction bow
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严宁
杨晓妍
纪世昭
侯铁胜
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Shanghai Yangpu Central Hospital
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及骨科的实用器械领域,是一种用于骨折的牵引固定装置。传统骨牵引需用钢针穿透骨质,操作复杂,并发症多。本实用新型设计了一种旋入-卡紧式、无需穿透骨质的牵引弓。该牵引弓由一个C形弓臂和两枚螺栓组成。C形弓臂为优弧,两端有螺纹孔,供螺栓拧入。螺栓杆部有螺纹;尾部膨大,可以用手旋拧;头部呈尖锥形,可以穿过皮下组织、肌肉,固定于骨面。使用时直接旋拧螺栓尾部,使螺栓头部卡紧骨面即可。本实用新型的优点是:操作简单,安装、拆除便捷,组织损伤小,不需穿透骨质,且固定牢固,不易滑动。本牵引弓用于股骨髁上部,适用于股骨颈骨折和股骨粗隆间骨折的牵引复位和临时固定。

Description

旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓
技术领域
本实用新型涉及骨科的实用器械领域,是一种旋入-卡紧式、不需穿透骨质的骨牵引弓。 
背景技术
股骨颈骨折和股骨粗隆间骨折是老年人常见的骨折。随着社会的老龄化,人均寿命的延长,骨质疏松人数逐渐增加,股骨颈骨折和股骨粗隆间骨折的发生率呈上升趋势。这类骨折的治疗以内固定或假体置换手术为主。手术之前,需要骨牵引以复位和临时固定。目前通用的方法是胫骨结节牵引和股骨髁上牵引(胥少汀,葛宝丰,徐印坎。《实用骨科学》第三版 北京:人民军医出版社,2005:243-244)。这两种牵引均采用钢针穿通骨质的方法进行固定,需要穿过皮肤、肌肉,贯通骨质、骨髓。为了承受一定的牵引重量,需要较粗的钢针,不仅损伤大,组织破坏重,同时感染风险加大。一旦发生感染则容易扩散至骨髓导致骨髓炎。在操作过程中,钢针穿透骨质需要榔头反复多次捶敲,不仅增加了患者的身心痛苦,而且钢针穿过骨面位点时并非垂直,钢针容易滑动移位,操作困难,往往需要多人参与辅助完成。胫骨结节牵引还需要跨越膝关节,不仅会影响膝关节功能,甚至有可能导致胫骨结节处骨折。基于以上原因,我们设计了一种简易的旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓,其操作方便易行,无需穿透骨质,减少了组织的创伤,减轻了患者的痛苦,而且固定效果确实,安装、拆除简单。 
实用新型内容
传统骨牵引需用钢针穿透骨质,操作复杂,并发症多。本实用新型提供一种牵引弓,该牵引弓由一个C形弓臂和两枚螺栓组成(图1)。C形弓臂本身为优弧,两端有螺纹孔,供螺栓拧入。螺栓杆部有螺纹;尾部膨大,可以用手旋拧;头部呈尖锥形,可以穿过皮下组织、肌肉,固定于骨面。旋拧螺栓时,其尖锥形的头部卡紧股骨髁上的两侧,螺栓和骨面基本垂直。本实用新型的优点是:1. 操作简单,安装和拆除便捷,通过两侧螺栓旋紧、旋出即可固定和取出;2. 组织损伤破坏小,无需穿透骨质,容易被医生和患者接受;3. 固定牢靠,两侧螺栓旋入方向与股骨髁部解剖结构吻合,旋紧后形成垂直夹角,且股骨下端膨大,不易滑动;4. C形弓臂符合力学传导特征,施加牵引力后,通过C形弓臂传导,形成内侧向心力,牵引弓和骨质固定更加牢固。 
附图说明
图1是旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓的示意图;图2是牵引时的效果图。 
具体实施方式
具体操作方法是:1. 定位穿刺点:股骨内外髁上,位于股骨干下端与股骨内外髁之间的斜坡状骨面;2. 皮肤常规消毒局麻,于定位穿刺点处切开皮肤约5mm;3. 将牵引弓两侧螺栓旋上,通过螺孔后,穿过皮肤、皮下组织、肌肉直达骨面,两侧螺栓同时旋拧使尖端卡住骨面,用力拧紧使其牢固(图2)。 

Claims (3)

1.一种用于股骨髁上牵引的旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓,其特征包括一个C形弓臂和两枚螺栓,旋拧螺栓时,其尖端卡紧股骨髁上的两侧,螺栓和骨面基本垂直。
2.根据权利要求1所述的旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓,其特征是C形弓臂为优弧,两端有螺纹孔。
3.根据权利要求1所述的旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓,其特征是螺栓杆部有螺纹;尾部膨大;头部为尖锥形,可穿过皮下组织、肌肉,固定于骨面。
CN2011204604765U 2011-11-18 2011-11-18 旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓 Expired - Fee Related CN202342167U (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102366329A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2012-03-07 严宁 旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102366329A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2012-03-07 严宁 旋-卡式股骨髁上牵引弓

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