CN202334325U - Micro-power train drawing alternating-current transmission system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a micro-power train drawing alternating-current transmission system. The micro-power train drawing alternating-current transmission system consists of a positive-direction electric energy transmission channel and a reverse-direction electric energy transmission channel. The positive-direction electric energy transmission channel comprises a secondary drawing transformer, a rectifying booster, a differential inverter and a motor which are connected in sequence. The reverse-direction electric energy transmission channel comprises a motor, a rectifying booster, a differential inverter and a secondary drawing transformer which are connected in sequence. The micro-power train drawing alternating-current transmission system provided by the utility model has the following most outstanding characteristics: entire output power can be obtained by only actually converting a very small part of input power, i.e., a great amount of the input power has no need of being subjected to actual power conversion, so that the input power directly reaches an output end to be the output power, without using a magnetic core transformer or induction transmission; the conversion efficiency is approximate to 100%; meanwhile, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) conversion is avoided, no EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) is generated, and feedback brake adopts an individual electric energy transmission channel which is entirely same as a main loop, so that all the defects generated by channel multiplexing can be overcome; and an voltage is a complete sine wave which has no damages to a drawing motor.

Description

Little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system.

Background technology

Conventional train traction alternating-current actuating system comprises traction transformer, four-quadrant pulse rectifier, intermediate dc link, traction invertor, alternating current motor etc.; From conventional train traction alternating-current actuating system service chart; Can see, just reach 80% when power factor only about 55%, 200 kilometers of speed per hours; There are following three serious problems in efficient just near 90% at this moment;

1. traction convertor (four-quadrant pulse rectifier, traction invertor) all adopts the PWM control technology, produces strong EMI and disturbs:

1) influential to the traction motor insulation property: AC traction motor runs under the inverter power supply environment; Dielectric strength is far above the sinusoidal voltage electric power system; Insulation system not only bears working voltage; But also bear that inverter when switching-over produces and peak voltage, it is actual to bear voltage and should be working voltage and the inverter peak voltage superposition that commutates.When peak, switching-over pass voltage value is higher, will be directed at coil covering generation partial discharge, energy that is produced and product be etching insulating layer gradually.Contain harmonic component in the PWM voltage waveform, the supplementary load loss of generation are converted into the heat ageing that heat energy has quickened motor motivation insulation system again, even produce corona;

2) to the influence of efficient and power factor: owing to adopt the inversion power supply, have a large amount of high order harmonizations in the power supply, the kelvin effect problem that common motor is just considered when starting; When the people go on foot traction motor and normally move, just occur, kelvin effect increases motor rotor electricity group,, leakage reactance reduces; The corresponding electric current Pi amplitude that increased; Cause traction motor stator winding electric current to increase, increased generator loss and temperature rise, reduced the efficient and the power factor of motor;

3) to bearing influence: voltage source inverter when power supply; Because the motor interior structural failure causes the asymmetric of magnetic field in sine-wave power power supply and the manufacturing; Cause traction motor ground to produce shaft voltage and bearing voltage simultaneously, will have electric current to flow through bearing, produce shaft current; Bearing race is produced galvano-cautery, the damage bearing.

4) comprise certain harmonic component in the output voltage, except that the copper loss and iron loss that can add, also can produce supplementary load loss, additional pulsating torque, parasitic oscillation torque, electromagnetic noise etc. the traction motor generation.

5) in the overall process of train operation; The output voltage of inverter all contains a large amount of high order harmonic components; Voltage harmonic causes current harmonics harmonic magnetic flux, produces additional copper loss and iron loss, wipes ripple electric current pulsating torque additional with wiping ripple magnetic flux interaction generation and vibration torque; High order harmonic component also can cause electromagnetic noise, and particularly additional harmonic torque not only influences the stable operation of motor, to environment and ride comfort also can be agreed with having a strong impact on by bus.

2. train traction, the shared same passage of two kinds of electrical energy transfer of feedback braking, traction and feedback all can not get optimal design:

1) four-quadrant pulse rectifier is except that accomplishing one's work (rectification is proofreaied and correct with PFC), the inversion task during also part-time feedback braking, traction invertor except that completion one's work (two level or tri-level inversion), the rectification task during also part-time feedback braking; Rectifier possesses reverse invert function by chance, and inverter possesses reverse rectification function by chance, and this is the coincidence that day becomes of circuit topography nature but not optimal design.

Inversion when 2) three level four-quadrant pulse rectifiers will be taken into account feedback braking; Rectification when three level three-phase traction inverters will be taken into account feedback braking is consequently attended to one thing and lose sight of another, in this channel multiplexing pattern; Control circuit is too complicated, brings potential safety hazard to system stable operation.

3) in the train travelling process, feedback braking accounts for critical role in energy-conservation.Forward path to electrical energy transfer has been carried out optimal design: impulse commutation, PFC correction, three level are three-phase inversion or the like not; But the backward channel to electrical energy transfer can only be let nature take its course; Because the restriction of circuit topography, not to be unwilling but can not to carry out optimal design.

4) because backward channel design can not reach best, and power factor, feedback efficient or the like are not taken into account fully during feedback braking, and therefore, the channel multiplexing pattern can only be to lose more than gain, can not efficent use of resources, waste resource on the contrary.

3. output voltage waveforms is not sinusoidal wave:

1) conventional train traction alternating-current actuating system output waveform is too original, elementary, inmature, and its robustness is too poor, and this also is caving-in bash.Opinion does not have better method and goes out the sine voltage of regular rule by dc inversion with existing power electronic technology, have to adopt multi-level inverse conversion, has no option.With regard to its complexity, multi-level inverse conversion can only be used three level, because complete machine device, control strategy, cost, volume, weight, power consumption or the like are all shown off geometric progression (2 ^NPower) increase, five level traction invertors almost can't be realized in practical application.

2) the confidential normal operation of AC electrical; Input voltage waveform at least also should be the sine wave of regular rule; But the envelope that in fact is three-level inverter output is the high frequency square wave voltage of pagoda shape; Through electric capacity, inductor filter, essence still is the pagoda shape square-wave voltage still, and its sinusoidal hardness is too low.

3) use envelope to cheat the traction alternating current motor as the high frequency square wave voltage of pagoda shape, this is the grief of power supply circle.

Summary of the invention

Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system; Native system replaces four-quadrant three level pulse rectifiers, three-phase tri-level traction invertor in the conventional train traction alternating-current actuating system with rectification stepup transformer, differential inverter, has cancelled the intermediate dc link simultaneously, and the most outstanding characteristics of native system are: as long as carry out the conventional power conversion to very small portion in the input power; Just can obtain whole power outputs; Be greatly partly both to have carried out actual Power Conversion in the input power, also needn't pass through core transformers or inductance transmitted power, directly arrive output; Conversion efficiency is near 100%

Little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system is exempted the PWM converter technique, does not produce EMI and disturbs, and has overcome all defect that traction motor is produced because of high order harmonic component; Simultaneously feedback braking is adopted and the identical independent electrical energy transfer passage of major loop, overcome all defect that produces because of channel multiplexing.

The train traction alternating-current actuating system is made up of positive and negative both direction electrical energy transfer passage; The connection of forward electrical energy transfer passage is in proper order: drag transformer secondary, rectification stepup transformer, differential inverter, motor; The connection of reverse power transmission channels is in proper order: motor, drags the transformer secondary at rectification stepup transformer, differential inverter.

The rectification stepup transformer is made up of FET Q1, inductance L 1, diode D1, D2 and peripheral devices, and the positive pole of the negative electrode of diode D2 and capacitor C 3 links, and the drain electrode of FET Q1 connects the anode of diode; Its source ground, the anode of a terminating diode D2 of inductance L 1, the positive pole of the negative pole of another termination capacitor C 3 and capacitor C 4; The minus earth of capacitor C 4; The anode of diode D1 connects the negative electrode of diode D2, and its negative electrode is through resistance R 2 ground connection, and capacitor C 5 is parallelly connected with resistance R 2; Input voltage is connected between input endpoint Vd and the ground, and output voltage is exported between the negative electrode of diode D1 and ground.

The differential inverter is made up of voltage cutting circuit and 4 rank capacitance networks; The voltage cutting circuit is made up of FET Q9, Q12; Their source electrode is connected together, through resistance R 1 ground connection, and capacitor C 8 and resistance R 1 parallel connection; The drain electrode of FET Q9 connects the positive pole of capacitance network, and the drain electrode of FET Q12 connects the negative pole of capacitance network;

4 rank capacitance networks are made up of positive and negative both arms, and the positive arm of capacitance network is made up of capacitor C 1, C3, C5, C7 and FET Q3, Q6, Q8, Q11, and the positive pole of capacitor C 1 connects the source electrode of FET Q3; The drain electrode of FET Q3 connects the negative electrode of diode D1; The positive pole of capacitor C 3 connects the source electrode of FET Q6, and the drain electrode of FET Q6 connects the anode of diode D1 and the negative pole of capacitor C 1, and the positive pole of capacitor C 5 connects the source electrode of FET Q8; The drain electrode of FET Q8 connects the anode of diode D3 and the negative pole of capacitor C 3; The positive pole of capacitor C 7 connects the source electrode of FET Q11, and the drain electrode of FET Q11 connects the anode of diode D5 and the negative pole of capacitor C 5, the minus earth of capacitor C 7; The negative electrode of diode D1, D3, D5 connects the positive pole of capacitance network simultaneously, i.e. the drain electrode of field effect pipe Q9; The negative arm of capacitance network is made up of capacitor C 2, C4, C6, C9 and FET Q1, Q5, Q7, Q10; The negative pole of capacitor C 2 connects the source electrode of FET Q1, and the drain electrode of FET Q1 connects the anode of diode D2, and the negative pole of capacitor C 4 connects the source electrode of FET Q6; The drain electrode of FET Q5 connects the negative electrode of diode D2 and the positive pole of capacitor C 2; The negative pole of capacitor C 6 connects the source electrode of FET Q7, and the drain electrode of FET Q7 connects the negative electrode of diode D4 and the positive pole of capacitor C 4, and the negative pole of capacitor C 9 connects the source electrode of FET Q10; The drain electrode of FET Q10 connects the negative electrode of diode D3 and the positive pole of capacitor C 6; The plus earth of capacitor C 9, the anode of diode D2, D4, D6 connects the negative pole of capacitance network simultaneously, i.e. the drain electrode of field effect pipe Q12; Its positive pole of minus earth of input positive direct-current voltages V4 connects the drain electrode of FET Q4; The source electrode of FET Q4 connects the drain electrode of FET Q9; The plus earth of input negative dc voltage V6, its negative pole connects the drain electrode of FET Q2, and the source electrode of FET Q2 connects the drain electrode of FET Q12; Gate drive signal V1, V2 are the civil power synchronous square-wave signals; Positive arm drive signal V13, V10, V8, V5 and negative arm drive signal V11, V9, V7, V3 also are the civil power synchronous square-wave signals; But pulsewidth is successively decreased with every 2ms; Time-delay increases progressively with every 1ms, and the drive signal V12 of FET Q9, Q12 is the sine wave signal of amplitude 310V.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system;

Fig. 2 is a not control rectifying circuit of three-phase;

Fig. 3 is the not voltage simulation waveform during the control rectifying circuit pure resistor load of three-phase;

Fig. 4 is the not current simulations waveform during the control rectifying circuit pure resistor load of three-phase;

Fig. 5 is not electric current, the voltage simulation waveform during the control rectifying circuit capacitive load of three-phase;

Fig. 6 is a three phase rectifier stepup transformer side circuit;

Fig. 7 is the input voltage simulation waveform of three phase rectifier stepup transformer side circuit;

Fig. 8 is the input current simulation waveform of three phase rectifier stepup transformer side circuit;

Fig. 9 is the schematic circuit of direct-flow inverter;

Figure 10 is the simulation waveform of the schematic circuit output voltage of direct-flow inverter;

Figure 11 is a differential inverter side circuit;

Figure 12 is the simulation waveform of sinusoidal wave cutting pagoda wave process in the differential inverter;

Figure 13 is the simulation waveform of pagoda ripple in the differential inverter;

Figure 14 is that the pagoda ripple is cut back actual output voltage simulation waveform in the differential inverter;

Figure 15 is the simulation waveform of 8 rank pagoda ripples;

Figure 16 is the simulation waveform of 16 rank pagoda ripples;

Figure 17 is the side circuit of little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system;

Figure 18 is that pagoda ripple (16 rank) produces fet gate drive signal circuit in the circuit;

Figure 19 is the simulation waveform that pagoda ripple (16 rank) produces fet gate drive signal in the circuit.

Fig. 2 is a not control rectifying circuit of three-phase, and three-phase voltage V1, V2, V3 are connected into star, and load resistance R1 goes up output dc voltage Vd.Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are input current, the voltage simulation waveform of rectified three-phase circuit when not connecing filter capacitor; Fig. 3 is the simulation waveform of commutating voltage Vd and the simulation waveform of three-phase input current; Because load is a pure resistance, the complete homophase of three-phase input current waveform and voltage waveform.After connecting filter capacitor C1, three-phase input current, voltage waveform such as Fig. 5, current waveform becomes spike, is not sinusoidal wave fully, explains that the capacitive circuit power factor is low.

Fig. 6 is a rectification stepup transformer side circuit, and main circuit is made up of Q1, L1, D1, D2, C3, C4 etc., and it is parallelly connected with capacitor C 4 that three-phase is not controlled rectified output voltage Vd; The grid of Q1 connects the drive signal OUT_B pin of control chip UC1825, and when the Q1 saturation conduction, commutating voltage Vd discharges to inductance L 1 through Q1; Electric current is linear among the L1 increases and energy storage, and when Q1 turn-offed, electric current can not interrupt among the L1; To capacitor C 3 charging, the last voltage Vc of C3 connects with voltage Vd on the C4 through D2, and series voltage is by resistance R 1, R4 dividing potential drop, detection, feedback; Stable in order to control, sustaining voltage Vc, Vd sum, this voltage is through diode D1 output Vo.

The rectification stepup transformer is actually a voltage compensating circuit, and bucking voltage is the voltage Vc on the C3, compensation to as if C4 on do not control commutating voltage Vd; Vd was the fluctuation voltage after the rectification originally, compensated the voltage that is in line through stepup transformer, so the result of compensation; Make and corresponding all moment of all amplitudes of input three-phase voltage; Can be to output capacitance C5 charging, that is with all amplitudes of input three-phase voltage corresponding all constantly, all have electric current to flow out.The meaning of compensation is that input current and input voltage are synchronous fully like this, and rectifying pressurizer has carried out power factor correction to the input three-phase voltage in fact automatically.

Fig. 7 is the simulation waveform of input voltage, and Fig. 8 is the simulation waveform of input current, can find out; Input current, input voltage are synchronous fully, and when not controlling rectification with Fig. 3 is middle, the simulation waveform that connects pure resistor load is just the same; Contrasting two kinds of simulation waveforms can reach a conclusion; Identical when the rectification stepup transformer carries out the effect of capability correction and do not control rectification and connect pure resistor load, power factor is 1, and total harmonic distortion THD is zero.

Traditional power factor correction must all be transformed into square-wave voltage to input power, and all input power must could arrive output through the inductance transmission, and Power Conversion and inductance transmitted power all have power loss.The rectification stepup transformer is different fully, and just bucking voltage Vc of stack on rectifier output voltage Vd supposes that VD Vo is 1; It is Sinx that commutating voltage Vd arrives the Pi interval 0, and then bucking voltage is (1-Sinx), and visible bucking voltage Vc only accounts for the very small portion of output voltage; Have only the input power of this very small portion just to need inductance L 1 to transmit and arrive output, cut off most input power, the fluctuation voltage Vd after the promptly whole rectification needn't carry out any Power Conversion; Also needn't transmit through inductance L 1; Directly arrive output, the conversion efficiency of this exhausted most input power can be considered 100%, therefore; Rectification stepup transformer complete machine power loss has only the power loss on the very small portion bucking voltage Vc, therefore converts overall efficiency near 100%.

Fig. 9 is the schematic circuit of direct-flow inverter, and V1, V3 are positive and negative symmetrical direct voltages, are added in the drain electrode of Q1, Q2 respectively, and connecing amplitude between grid and the ground simultaneously is the sine voltage V2 of 318V, and R1, C1 are connected on common source.

The positive half cycle of V2, the Q1 conducting, direct voltage V1 is added on the load resistance R1; Because source voltage is followed the tracks of grid potential, so on resistance R 1, produce the positive half cycle steamed bun wave voltage that amplitude is about 308V (the V2 amplitude deducts a gate source voltage Vgs), the negative half period of V2; The Q2 conducting; Direct voltage V3 is added on the load resistance R1, because source voltage is followed the tracks of grid potential, so on resistance R 1, produce the negative half period steamed bun wave voltage that amplitude is about 308V (the V2 amplitude deducts a gate source voltage Vgs); One-period finishes, and on load resistance R1, obtains the sinewave output voltage Vsin of one-period.Figure 10 is the simulation waveform of output voltage V sin; Can see that the frequency of output voltage, phase place, amplitude are only relevant with grid institute increase control signal, the circuit that Q1, Q2 form; Voltage cutting circuit just; Q1, Q2 grid control signal scale off one as a cutter from drain voltage, and shape of this part and grid institute plus signal waveform are identical.

Fig. 9 circuit has two defectives:

1) applied voltage left area after cutting is too big, if applied voltage is 1, the sine wave that is then scaled off by signal voltage is Y=Sinx, and left area is exactly S=(1-Sinx), accounts for 36% of input voltage,

2) downcutting the sinusoidal wave last part in back (1-Sinx) all slatterns in the drain-source utmost point heating of Q1, Q2.

Figure 11 is 4 rank differential inverter side circuits, and two part circuit are symmetrical fully up and down.Begin from 0ms in fact for following partly circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 open (V2 high level), power supply positive voltage V4 is charged to 1/4th supply voltages through diode pair capacitor C 1, C3, C5, C7 charging in the body of Q3, Q6, Q8, Q11; Behind the 10ms, Q4 turn-offs, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 is open-minded; Capacitor C 7, C5, C3, C1 discharge to load R1 through Q11 and D6, Q8 and D3, Q6 and D1, Q3 respectively successively; Successively decrease discharge time successively, and decimal reduction time changes by sinusoidal rule, on load resistance R1, produces positive pagoda wave voltage.

For the upper part circuit in fact, from 10ms, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 open (V1 low level), power-voltage V6 is charged to 1/4th supply voltages through diode pair capacitor C 2, C4, C6, C9 charging in the body of Q1, Q5, Q7, Q10; Behind the 10ms, Q1 turn-offs, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q12 is open-minded; Capacitor C 9, C6, C4, C2 discharge to load R1 through Q10 and D6, Q7 and D4, Q5 and D2, Q1 respectively successively; Successively decrease discharge time successively, and decimal reduction time changes by sinusoidal rule, on load resistance R1, produces negative pagoda wave voltage.The partly circuit 10ms that all lag behind down the operate time of upper part contactor then are added in Q9, the Q12 drain electrode is the pagoda wave voltage of symmetry, and Figure 13 is the simulation waveform of pagoda ripple.

Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, Q12 have formed voltage cutting circuit shown in Figure 9; Be added in the positive and negative symmetrical pagoda wave voltage of Q9, Q12 drain electrode; By the sinusoidal wave V12 cutting that is added in grid; Cut after the next sinusoidal steamed bun ripple, left is 8 little right-angled triangles, and it is much little that its total area ratio S=(1-Sinx) wants.

Above-mentioned differential inversion process in two steps; The first step produces pagoda wave voltage shown in figure 13 by the capacitance network that C1-C7, C9 form, and second step was a cutter with Q9, Q12 grid sine voltage V12, from the inner cutting of pagoda wave voltage pagoda ripple; Just make that the inner right angle of pagoda ripple is tangent with sine wave; So, all scaling off pagoda ripple right angle externally, remaining part has formed complete sine voltage.

Pagoda wave voltage by capacitance network produces is actually the stack of four differential voltages, and establishing sinusoidal wave amplitude is 1; On the Y axle, be divided into the N five equilibrium sinusoidal wave, make rectangle, formed the pagoda wave voltage after these rectangle stacks with going to the bottom of each five equilibrium; Because sine voltage is formed by stacking differential voltage fully, thus the differential inverter claimed, by several differential superimposed; Just claim the differential inversion of several rank, the inverter here is by four differential superimposed forming, so claim quadravalence differential inverter; The exponent number of differential inversion also is the number of capacitor in the capacitance network.The simulation waveform of Figure 12 is the overall process of sinusoidal voltage ripple from its inner cutting pagoda voltage wave, and Figure 14 is through the output voltage V sin after the sinusoidal wave cutting.

Figure 15 is the pagoda ripple that 8 rank differential direct-flow inverters are produced, and Figure 16 is the pagoda ripple that 16 rank differential direct-flow inverters are produced, and can see; The pagoda wave voltage of 8 rank differential is very near sine voltage; And 16 rank pagoda ripples and sine wave are almost as broad as long, and exponent number N is big more, and the pagoda ripple is got over the convergence sine wave; After N got certain value, it is unnecessary that the voltage cutting circuit has become.

Embodiment

Figure 17 is the side circuit of little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system; Two independent NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER passage is arranged; One the tunnel is the forward energy transmission channels, from traction transformer, single-phase rectifier stepup transformer, the little power consumption differential of three-phase inverter, to the three-phase traction motor; Another road is a braking feedback energy transmission channels, from three-phase traction motor, three phase rectifier stepup transformer, single-phase differential inverter, to traction transformer.Because the input of differential inverter power supply is positive and negative symmetry; So single-phase and three phase rectifier stepup transformer all adopts voltage multiplying rectifier, the positive and negative symmetrical voltage that output amplitude is identical; And the device such as MOS power tube, the diode etc. that boost with capability correction also are polar-symmetric; Simultaneously, in the power conversion process of two electrical energy transfer passages, all power supplys all altogether.

By the secondary single phase alternating current (A.C.) voltage V3 that comes of traction transformer through the single-phase rectifier stepup transformer carry out rectification, boost, after the pressure regulation, capability correction; Positive polarity outputs to the drain electrode of Q7, Q5, Q18, Q6, Q19, Q7 by resistance R 4, and the voltage negative pole is outputed to the drain electrode of Q13, Q9, Q14, Q10, Q15, Q11 by resistance R 5.Between rectifier and inverter; Saved " direct current intermediate link " in the conventional AC drive system; Because do not produce any harmonic wave here, more can not produce second harmonic, supporting electric capacity is exactly C7, C10 in C8, C9 and the three phase rectifier stepup transformer in the single-phase rectifier stepup transformer.

Figure 18 is the side circuit that 16 rank differential inverters drive signal; Circuit is made up of 4 16 LM339 comparators, and reference voltage V2 is a direct voltage, and 16 resistance series connection backs that resistance is identical are parallelly connected with V2; The end of oppisite phase of 16 comparators order, be connected on the series resistance successively; The 1st comparator connects 1 resistance, and the 2nd comparator connects 2 resistance, and the rest may be inferred by analogy like Figure 18.Other has the reference voltage of interchange V1, directly receives the in-phase input end of each comparator after the full-wave rectification, and the amplitude of establishing AC and DC reference voltage V1, V2 simultaneously all is 16V.

Before 10ms, when the amplitude that exchanges reference voltage V1 during less than 1V, the in-phase end voltage of neither one comparator is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage; All comparators are output low level all, and when the amplitude of V1 during more than or equal to 1V, the in-phase end voltage of the 1st comparator is greater than its end of oppisite phase voltage; The output high level, when the amplitude of V1 during more than or equal to 2V, the in-phase end voltage of the 2nd comparator is greater than its end of oppisite phase voltage; The output high level, the rest may be inferred by analogy for it.When last, promptly the 16th comparator exported after the high level, exchanges reference voltage V1 and will arrive extreme value, and As time goes on, V1 will descend.When the amplitude that exchanges reference voltage V1 dropped to less than 16V, the in-phase end voltage of the 16th comparator was less than its end of oppisite phase voltage, and its output end voltage produces negative saltus step; Voltage is by high step-down; Produced the 1st, also be the shortest pulse signal of duration, when the amplitude that exchanges reference voltage V1 dropped to less than 15V, the in-phase end voltage of the 15th comparator was less than its end of oppisite phase voltage; Its output end voltage produces negative saltus step; Voltage has produced the 2nd pulse signal by high step-down, and the rest may be inferred by analogy for it.When the amplitude that exchanges reference voltage V1 drops to less than 1V; The in-phase end voltage of the 1st comparator is less than its end of oppisite phase voltage; Its output end voltage produces negative saltus step, and voltage is by high step-down, produced the 16th, also be last 1, be the longest pulse signal of duration simultaneously; When second 10ms arrives, repeat the above-mentioned course of work.16 duration pulse drive signals from short to long that produced just form each differential voltage of pagoda voltage, please refer to the simulation waveform on Figure 19 the right.

Obviously; The duration of the pulse signal that the frequency that exchanges reference voltage V1 has determined to be produced; Promptly determine the frequency of differential inverter output AC voltage, and the height of the pulse signal that the amplitude of reference voltage V1, V2 has determined to be produced, promptly determined the amplitude of differential inverter output AC voltage; The frequency of V1 and V1, V2 amplitude can be regulated arbitrarily; So the frequency and the amplitude of differential inverter output AC voltage also can be regulated arbitrarily, promptly reached the purpose of drawing alternating current motor frequency conversion, luffing speed governing.

Three-phase differential inverter, output three-phase alternating voltage Va, Vb, Vc by resistance R 9, R10, R11 output, directly link to each other with the traction alternating current motor.The frequency of output AC voltage by the decision of MOS power tube gate drive signal, is accumulated as the length of the bottom differential of pagoda voltage, has also determined the frequency of output AC voltage, regulates this differential length and can carry out frequency conversion; The adjusting of output voltage amplitude has two kinds of methods, and a kind of method is the height that changes differential voltage in the differential inverter, and another kind of method is to regulate the testing circuit of control chip in the rectification stepup transformer, the amplitude that can regulate output AC voltage.

In the regenerative braking process; Three-phase alternating voltage is directly guided to the rectifier bridge of three phase rectifier stepup transformer from generator; This voltage through the three phase rectifier stepup transformer carry out rectification, boost, after the pressure regulation, capability correction; The drain electrode that positive polarity is received Q20, Q8 from resistance R 2, the drain electrode that the voltage negative pole is received Q16, Q12 from resistance R 7 gets into single-phase differential inverter.The alternating voltage Vsin of single-phase differential inverter output is drawn the feedback of directly being incorporated into the power networks by resistance R 12.

The frequency and the amplitude of little power consumption train traction alternating-current actuating system output AC voltage; By each the MOS power tube gate drive signal decision of differential inverter; Drive signal has determined to be summed into the width and the height of the differential of pagoda voltage; The width of differential has determined the frequency of output AC voltage, and the differential height has determined the amplitude of output AC voltage.

Claims (3)

1. train traction alternating-current actuating system; It is characterized in that: the train traction alternating-current actuating system is made up of positive and negative both direction electrical energy transfer passage; The connection of forward electrical energy transfer passage is in proper order: drag transformer secondary, rectification stepup transformer, differential inverter, motor; The connection of reverse power transmission channels is in proper order: motor, drags the transformer secondary at rectification stepup transformer, differential inverter.

2. train traction alternating-current actuating system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the rectification stepup transformer is made up of FET Q1, inductance L 1, diode D1, D2 and peripheral devices, and the positive pole of the negative electrode of diode D2 and capacitor C 3 links; The drain electrode of FET Q1 connects the anode of diode; Its source ground, the anode of a terminating diode D2 of inductance L 1, the positive pole of the negative pole of another termination capacitor C 3 and capacitor C 4; The minus earth of capacitor C 4; The anode of diode D1 connects the negative electrode of diode D2, and its negative electrode is through resistance R 2 ground connection, and capacitor C 5 is parallelly connected with resistance R 2; Input voltage is connected between input endpoint Vd and the ground, and output voltage is exported between the negative electrode of diode D1 and ground.

3. train traction alternating-current actuating system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the differential inverter is made up of voltage cutting circuit and 4 rank capacitance networks,

1) the voltage cutting circuit is made up of FET Q9, Q12, and their source electrode is connected together, through resistance R 1 ground connection, and capacitor C 8 and resistance R 1 parallel connection, the drain electrode of FET Q9 connects the positive pole of capacitance network, and the drain electrode of FET Q12 connects the negative pole of capacitance network;

2) 4 rank capacitance networks are made up of positive and negative both arms,

3) the positive arm of capacitance network is made up of capacitor C 1, C3, C5, C7 and FET Q3, Q6, Q8, Q11; The positive pole of capacitor C 1 connects the source electrode of FET Q3, and the drain electrode of FET Q3 connects the negative electrode of diode D1, and the positive pole of capacitor C 3 connects the source electrode of FET Q6; The drain electrode of FET Q6 connects the anode of diode D1 and the negative pole of capacitor C 1; The positive pole of capacitor C 5 connects the source electrode of FET Q8, and the drain electrode of FET Q8 connects the anode of diode D3 and the negative pole of capacitor C 3, and the positive pole of capacitor C 7 connects the source electrode of FET Q11; The drain electrode of FET Q11 connects the anode of diode D5 and the negative pole of capacitor C 5; The minus earth of capacitor C 7, the negative electrode of diode D1, D3, D5 connects the positive pole of capacitance network simultaneously, i.e. the drain electrode of field effect pipe Q9;

4) the negative arm of capacitance network is made up of capacitor C 2, C4, C6, C9 and FET Q1, Q5, Q7, Q10; The negative pole of capacitor C 2 connects the source electrode of FET Q1, and the drain electrode of FET Q1 connects the anode of diode D2, and the negative pole of capacitor C 4 connects the source electrode of FET Q6; The drain electrode of FET Q5 connects the negative electrode of diode D2 and the positive pole of capacitor C 2; The negative pole of capacitor C 6 connects the source electrode of FET Q7, and the drain electrode of FET Q7 connects the negative electrode of diode D4 and the positive pole of capacitor C 4, and the negative pole of capacitor C 9 connects the source electrode of FET Q10; The drain electrode of FET Q10 connects the negative electrode of diode D3 and the positive pole of capacitor C 6; The plus earth of capacitor C 9, the anode of diode D2, D4, D6 connects the negative pole of capacitance network simultaneously, i.e. the drain electrode of field effect pipe Q12;

5) its positive pole of minus earth of input positive direct-current voltages V4 connects the drain electrode of FET Q4; The source electrode of FET Q4 connects the drain electrode of FET Q9; The plus earth of input negative dc voltage V6, its negative pole connects the drain electrode of FET Q2, and the source electrode of FET Q2 connects the drain electrode of FET Q12;

6) gate drive signal V1, V2 are the civil power synchronous square-wave signals; Positive arm drive signal V13, V10, V8, V5 and negative arm drive signal V11, V9, V7, V3 also are the civil power synchronous square-wave signals; But pulsewidth is successively decreased with every 2ms; Time-delay increases progressively with every 1ms, and the drive signal V12 of FET Q9, Q12 is the sine wave signal of amplitude 310V.

Images