CN202281217U - Micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler - Google Patents

Micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler Download PDF

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CN202281217U
CN202281217U CN2011203937408U CN201120393740U CN202281217U CN 202281217 U CN202281217 U CN 202281217U CN 2011203937408 U CN2011203937408 U CN 2011203937408U CN 201120393740 U CN201120393740 U CN 201120393740U CN 202281217 U CN202281217 U CN 202281217U
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boiler
flue gas
chamber
air supply
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毕忠泽
曹国峰
张宁
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种微排放节能煤转气锅炉,包括锅炉主体和配风装置系统,锅炉主体内部工作空间从下到上依次为蒸汽发生室,煤气发生室、集渣室,煤气引燃室,热交换室,通过使燃煤转化为可燃气体并充分燃烧以及对锅炉综合性能的优化设计,使其具有较高的热效率;通过烟气循环再利用和烟气净化混合技术形成配风装置系统,使烟气排放林格曼黑度达标、控制大部分烟尘颗粒物和二氧化硫排放,达到微排放、节能环保的效果。

The utility model discloses a micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler, which comprises a boiler main body and an air distribution device system. Chamber, heat exchange chamber, through the conversion of coal into combustible gas and full combustion, as well as the optimization design of the comprehensive performance of the boiler, so that it has a high thermal efficiency; through the flue gas recycling and flue gas purification mixed technology to form an air distribution device system, so that the Ringelmann blackness of the flue gas emission reaches the standard, and controls most of the soot particles and sulfur dioxide emissions, achieving the effects of micro-emission, energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

微排放节能煤转气锅炉Micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler

技术领域 本实用新型涉及一种节能锅炉,具体说涉及一种可以应用于民用生产生活中取暖、烧水、洗浴、蒸汽等各个领域的微排放节能煤转气锅炉。Technical Field The utility model relates to an energy-saving boiler, in particular to a micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler that can be used in various fields such as heating, boiling water, bathing, and steam in civil production and life.

背景技术 目前,市场上应用的取暖、烧水、洗浴、蒸汽等锅炉,通常的设计结构为:炉体设有水套夹层或排管,炉体内由下到上依次设有落灰室、炉排、燃烧室,燃煤直接燃烧,这种锅炉存在的问题是燃料燃烧不充分,烟气中飘浮颗粒较多,生成的二氧化硫全部排入大气中,对环境和大气影响较大。Background technology At present, boilers used in the market for heating, boiling water, bathing, steam, etc. usually have a design structure as follows: the furnace body is provided with a water jacket interlayer or a row of pipes, and the furnace body is provided with an ash chamber, furnace Exhaust, combustion chamber, coal-fired direct combustion, the problem of this kind of boiler is that the fuel is not fully burned, there are many floating particles in the flue gas, and all the generated sulfur dioxide is discharged into the atmosphere, which has a great impact on the environment and the atmosphere.

发明内容 为了克服现有技术的不足和缺陷之处,本实用新型提供一种微排放节能煤转气锅炉,主要针对目前民用锅炉燃料燃烧不充分、热效率低、烟气林格曼黑度不达标、硫排放不能控制的缺点。通过使燃煤转化为可燃气体并充分燃烧以及对锅炉综合性能的优化设计,使其具有较高的热效率;通过烟气循环再利用和烟气净化混合技术形成配风装置系统,使烟气排放林格曼黑度达标、控制大部分烟尘颗粒物和二氧化硫排放,达到微排放、节能环保的效果。Summary of the invention In order to overcome the deficiencies and defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler, which is mainly aimed at the current civil boilers with insufficient fuel combustion, low thermal efficiency, and smoke Ringelmann blackness that does not meet the standard , The disadvantage that sulfur emission cannot be controlled. Through the conversion of coal into combustible gas and full combustion and the optimized design of the comprehensive performance of the boiler, it has a high thermal efficiency; through the flue gas recycling and flue gas purification mixed technology to form an air distribution device system, so that the flue gas is discharged The Ringelmann blackness reaches the standard, controls most of the soot particles and sulfur dioxide emissions, and achieves the effects of micro-emissions, energy saving and environmental protection.

本实用新型的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的。The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.

一种微排放节能煤转气锅炉,包括锅炉主体和配风装置系统、蒸汽发生室,锅炉主体内部工作空间从下到上依次为蒸汽发生室,煤气发生室、集渣室,煤气引燃室,热交换室,锅炉主体上设有配风装置系统,其特征在于:配风装置系统的锅炉循环烟气通道经供风预热装置连接设置在锅炉补水预热箱内的多回路循环烟气通路,风机一侧连接多回路循环烟气通路另一侧连接设在净化箱碱性液体中的循环烟气排出口,净化箱上方有净化烟气入口,净化烟气入口经清新空气通道和混合空气通道与接在供风预热装置上的风机连接,供风预热装置经总供风口连接有总供风通道,总供风通道经分供风口、风管连接锅炉内部工作空间。A micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler, including a boiler body, an air distribution device system, and a steam generation chamber. The internal working space of the boiler body is sequentially composed of a steam generation chamber, a gas generation chamber, a slag collection chamber, and a gas ignition chamber from bottom to top. , heat exchange chamber, the main body of the boiler is equipped with an air distribution device system, which is characterized in that: the boiler circulating flue gas channel of the air distribution device system is connected to the multi-circuit circulating flue gas set in the boiler water preheating box through the air supply preheating device One side of the fan is connected to the multi-circuit circulating flue gas passage, and the other side is connected to the circulating flue gas outlet located in the alkaline liquid of the purification box. There is a purified flue gas inlet above the purification box, and the purified flue gas inlet passes through the fresh air channel and the mixing The air channel is connected to the fan connected to the air supply preheating device, the air supply preheating device is connected to the main air supply channel through the main air supply port, and the main air supply channel is connected to the internal working space of the boiler through the air supply port and the air pipe.

所述煤气发生室顶部由保温隔层、换热管构成,换热管间留有通道,煤气发生室侧面由水冷壁构成,下部为炉排,煤气发生室炉门为密封结构,The top of the gas generating chamber is composed of an insulating layer and heat exchange tubes. There are passages between the heat exchanging tubes. The side of the gas generating chamber is composed of water-cooled walls. The lower part is a fire grate. The door of the gas generating chamber is a sealed structure.

所述煤气引燃室侧壁为保温材料构成的保温壁,保温壁上有的煤气混合气通道。The side wall of the gas ignition chamber is an insulating wall made of insulating material, and there is a gas mixture channel on the insulating wall.

所述配风装置系统采用人工或微电脑控制两种模式。The air distribution device system adopts two modes of manual or microcomputer control.

所述蒸汽发生室由可密封的防渗集渣水池和风管构成,风管与防渗集渣水池连通。The steam generating chamber is composed of a sealable anti-seepage slag collection pool and an air duct, and the air duct communicates with the anti-seepage slag collection pool.

本实用新型的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

一、煤转气技术采用混合煤气发生方式,燃煤以煤气发生方式进行燃烧,燃烧方式清洁,能够保证用户和环保双重要求;1. The coal-to-gas technology adopts the mixed gas generation method, and the coal is burned by the gas generation method, and the combustion method is clean, which can meet the dual requirements of users and environmental protection;

二、采用烟气循环净化混合技术,使未燃尽气体再次进入燃烧利用流程,可清除烟气中的绝大部分大颗粒灰尘和二氧化硫,烟气中的余热对进入配风装置的混合空气预热,有利于保持锅炉内烟气温度;对锅炉补水进行预热,有利于提高锅炉的工作效率;锅炉烟囱在高度、直径上较传统结构减少50%-70%,综合作用,达到节能、环保、提高热效率和工作效率的目的;2. Adopt flue gas circulation purification and mixing technology to make unburned gas enter the combustion utilization process again, which can remove most of the large particles of dust and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, and the residual heat in the flue gas will pre-heat the mixed air entering the air distribution device. It is beneficial to maintain the flue gas temperature in the boiler; preheating the boiler water supply is conducive to improving the working efficiency of the boiler; the height and diameter of the boiler chimney are reduced by 50%-70% compared with the traditional structure, and the comprehensive effect achieves energy saving and environmental protection , The purpose of improving thermal efficiency and work efficiency;

三、优化设计,提高锅炉产品性能,降低产品成本,达到满足用户需要,提高民用锅炉产品环保性能的目的;3. Optimize the design, improve the performance of boiler products, reduce product costs, meet the needs of users, and improve the environmental protection performance of civil boiler products;

四、本实用新型可用于取暖、烧水、洗浴、蒸汽等。Four, the utility model can be used for heating, boiling water, bathing, steaming, etc.

附图说明 图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the utility model.

图1中:煤气发生室炉排1、保温隔层2、水冷壁3、换热管4、炉排5、保温壁6、煤气混合气通道7、热交换室保温隔层8、热交换室换热管9、排烟口10、热交换室11、循环烟气进气口12、煤气引燃室13、风管14、供风调节阀门15、集渣室16、总供风口17、总供风通道18、分供风口19、供风预热装置上的风机20、供风预热装置21、混合空气通道22、清新空气通道23、多回路循环烟气通道24、锅炉补水预热水箱25、风机26、净化烟气入口27、净化箱28、循环烟气出口29、排渣口30、锅炉循环烟气通道31、蒸汽发生室32、防渗集渣水池33、煤气发生室34。In Fig. 1: Fire grate 1 in the gas generation room, insulation layer 2, water wall 3, heat exchange tube 4, fire grate 5, insulation wall 6, gas mixture channel 7, heat exchange room insulation layer 8, heat exchange room Heat exchange pipe 9, smoke exhaust port 10, heat exchange chamber 11, circulating flue gas inlet 12, gas ignition chamber 13, air duct 14, air supply regulating valve 15, slag collection chamber 16, main air supply port 17, main Air supply channel 18, separate air supply outlet 19, fan 20 on the air supply preheating device, air supply preheating device 21, mixed air channel 22, fresh air channel 23, multi-circuit circulating flue gas channel 24, boiler water preheating water tank 25. Fan 26, purification flue gas inlet 27, purification box 28, circulating flue gas outlet 29, slag discharge port 30, boiler circulating flue gas channel 31, steam generation chamber 32, anti-seepage slag collection pool 33, gas generation chamber 34.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施对本实用新型做进一步说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and implementation the utility model is described further.

在图1中,微排放节能煤转气锅炉由煤气发生室、煤气引燃室、热交换室、配风装置系统、蒸汽发生室等构成。煤气发生室由煤气发生室炉排1、保温隔层2、水冷壁3、换热管4等构成;煤气引燃室由炉排5、保温壁6、煤气混合气通道7、风管14、集渣室等构成;热交换室11由水冷壁3、热交换室保温隔层8、热交换室换热管9、排烟口10、循环烟气进气口12等构成;配风装置系统由循环烟气进气口12、锅炉循环烟气通道31、供风预热装置21、总供风口17、总供风通道18、分供风口19、供风调节阀门15、多回路循环烟气通道24、排渣口31、锅炉补水预热水箱25、供风预热装置上的风机20、风机26、净化箱28、循环烟气出口29、净化烟气入口28、清新空气通道23、混合空气通道22等构成;蒸汽发生室32由风管14、防渗集渣水池33构成。In Figure 1, the micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler consists of a gas generation room, a gas ignition room, a heat exchange room, an air distribution device system, and a steam generation room. The gas generating room is composed of a gas generating room grate 1, an insulation layer 2, a water wall 3, and a heat exchange tube 4; The slag collection chamber and other components; the heat exchange chamber 11 is composed of the water cooling wall 3, the heat exchange chamber insulation layer 8, the heat exchange chamber heat exchange tube 9, the smoke exhaust port 10, the circulating flue gas inlet 12, etc.; the air distribution device system Composed of circulating flue gas inlet 12, boiler circulating flue gas channel 31, air supply preheating device 21, main air supply port 17, main air supply channel 18, sub-air supply port 19, air supply regulating valve 15, multi-circuit circulating flue gas Channel 24, slag discharge port 31, boiler water preheating water tank 25, fan 20 on the air supply preheating device, fan 26, purification box 28, circulating flue gas outlet 29, purified flue gas inlet 28, fresh air passage 23, mixing The air channel 22 and the like are formed; the steam generating chamber 32 is formed by the air duct 14 and the seepage-proof slag collecting pool 33 .

微排放节能煤转气锅炉由煤气发生室、煤气引燃室13、热交换室11、配风装置系统、蒸汽发生室32等构成。煤气发生室34顶部由保温隔层2、多根换热管4构成,换热管4间留有通道,燃煤转化生成的煤气混合气可沿此通道经由煤气混合气通道7进入煤气引燃室13,在煤气引燃室13被点燃后为系统提供热能。煤气发生室侧面由水冷壁3构成,下部为煤气发生室炉排1,煤气发生室炉门为可密封结构,锅炉工作时此炉门密封。煤气发生室下面为蒸汽发生室32,蒸汽发生室32由防渗集渣水池33和风管14构成,防渗集渣水池33是可密封的,锅炉运行时在水池中加入足够清水,同时对蒸汽发生室32进行一定程度的封闭,当煤气发生室中加入燃煤并被点燃底火后,具有一定温度的碳灰落入清水时会生成一定数量的蒸汽,生成的蒸汽与风管14中提供的空气混合,形成蒸汽混合气为煤气发生室中的燃煤气化提供足够的气体。煤气发生室上部为集渣室16,集渣室16上部为煤气引燃室13,煤气引燃室13侧壁为具有一定厚度的保温材料构成的保温壁6,保温壁6上留有一定数量的煤气混合气通道7,煤气引燃室工作状态为燃煤明火工作,进入引燃室的煤气被明火引燃后燃烧,随着燃烧时间延长引燃室的侧壁保温材料储备大量热能形成高温区,为后续的煤气引燃提供热能,由此形成持续燃烧状态。煤气燃烧后形成大量高热的混合烟气进入热交换室,同水冷壁3和热交换室换热管9进行热交换后,烟气温度降低形成可排放尾气。The micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler is composed of a gas generation chamber, a gas ignition chamber 13, a heat exchange chamber 11, an air distribution device system, a steam generation chamber 32, and the like. The top of the gas generating chamber 34 is composed of an insulating layer 2 and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 4. There is a channel between the 4 heat exchange tubes. The gas mixture generated by coal-fired conversion can enter the gas for ignition via the gas mixture channel 7 along this channel. Chamber 13 provides thermal energy for the system after the gas pilot chamber 13 is ignited. The side of the gas generating chamber is made of water-cooled wall 3, the bottom part is the fire grate 1 of the gas generating chamber, and the furnace door of the gas generating chamber is a sealable structure, which is sealed when the boiler is working. Below the gas generating chamber is a steam generating chamber 32. The steam generating chamber 32 is composed of an anti-seepage slag collecting pool 33 and an air duct 14. The anti-seepage slag collecting pool 33 is sealable. The steam generating chamber 32 is sealed to a certain extent. When coal is added into the gas generating chamber and the primer is ignited, a certain amount of steam will be generated when the carbon ash with a certain temperature falls into the clear water. The air is mixed to form a steam mixture to provide enough gas for the coal gasification in the gas generation chamber. The upper part of the gas generation chamber is a slag collection chamber 16, the upper part of the slag collection chamber 16 is a gas ignition chamber 13, and the side wall of the gas ignition chamber 13 is an insulation wall 6 made of a certain thickness of insulation material. The gas mixture channel 7, the working state of the gas ignition chamber is coal-fired open flame work, the gas entering the ignition chamber is ignited by the open flame and then burns, as the combustion time prolongs, the side wall insulation material of the ignition chamber reserves a large amount of heat energy to form a high temperature zone, providing thermal energy for subsequent gas ignition, thus forming a continuous combustion state. After the gas is burned, a large amount of high-heat mixed flue gas enters the heat exchange chamber. After heat exchange with the water wall 3 and the heat exchange tube 9 in the heat exchange chamber, the temperature of the flue gas decreases to form exhaust gas.

当可排放尾气进入到热交换室尾部时,配风装置系统已经处于工作状态,大量尾气被风机26吸入循环烟气进气口12,经由锅炉循环烟气通道31进入多回路循环烟气通道23,尾气在以上两个通道中通过时为供风预热装置21中的混合空气和锅炉补水预热水箱25中的水提供热量,尾气被多次降温,体积减小,特别是在多回路循环烟气通道23中时,尾气温度和体积都减至最小,大量大颗粒烟尘在重力和多回路循环烟气通道23内表面特殊结构作用下沉到排渣口31处,排渣口31处的积灰要定期清理。初步清洁的尾气在风机26的作用下经由循环烟气出口28被喷进入净化箱29中的碱性液体中,在碱性液体作用下,尾气中的其它颗粒烟尘被液体吸附,尾气中的二氧化硫被液体中的碱性物质中和,被最终清洁的尾气自液体中溢出,在风机20的作用下经净化烟气入口27进入混合空气通道22中,同由清新空气通道23进入的清新空气进行混合形成混合空气进入供风预热装置21,被尾气预热后经总供风口17进入总供风通道18,经由分供风口19进入各工作空间,各分供风口的工作状态通过供风调节阀门15进行调节。When the dischargeable exhaust gas enters the tail of the heat exchange chamber, the air distribution device system is already in working condition, and a large amount of exhaust gas is sucked into the circulating flue gas inlet 12 by the fan 26, and enters the multi-circuit circulating flue gas channel 23 through the boiler circulating flue gas channel 31 , when the tail gas passes through the above two passages, it provides heat for the mixed air in the air supply preheating device 21 and the water in the boiler water preheating tank 25. When the exhaust gas is in the flue gas channel 23, the temperature and volume of the exhaust gas are reduced to the minimum, and a large number of large particles of smoke sink to the slagging outlet 31 under the action of gravity and the special structure of the inner surface of the multi-circuit circulating flue gas channel 23. Accumulated dust should be cleaned regularly. The preliminarily cleaned tail gas is sprayed into the alkaline liquid in the purification box 29 through the circulating flue gas outlet 28 under the action of the blower fan 26. Under the action of the alkaline liquid, other particulate smoke in the tail gas is absorbed by the liquid, and the sulfur dioxide in the tail gas Neutralized by the alkaline substances in the liquid, the finally cleaned tail gas overflows from the liquid, and enters the mixed air channel 22 through the purified flue gas inlet 27 under the action of the fan 20, and is carried out with the fresh air entered by the fresh air channel 23. Mixed air enters the air supply preheating device 21, and after being preheated by the exhaust gas, enters the main air supply channel 18 through the main air supply port 17, and enters each working space through the sub-air supply ports 19, and the working status of each sub-air supply port is adjusted by the air supply. Valve 15 is regulated.

Claims (5)

1.一种微排放节能煤转气锅炉,包括锅炉主体和配风装置系统,锅炉主体内部工作空间从下到上依次为蒸汽发生室,煤气发生室、集渣室,煤气引燃室,热交换室(11),锅炉主体上设有配风装置系统,其特征在于:配风装置系统的锅炉循环烟气通道经供风预热装置(21)连接设置在锅炉补水预水热箱(24)内的多回路循环烟气通路(23),风机(26)一侧连接多回路循环烟气通路,另一侧连接设在净化箱(28)碱性液体中的循环烟气排出口(29),净化箱上方有净化烟气入口(27),净化烟气入口经清新空气通道(23)和混合空气通道(22)与接在供风预热装置上的风机连接,供风预热装置经总供风口(17)连接有总供风通道(18),总供风通道经分供风口(19)、风管(14)连接锅炉内部工作空间。1. A micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler, including a boiler body and an air distribution device system. The internal working space of the boiler body is sequentially composed of a steam generation room, a gas generation room, a slag collection room, a gas ignition room, and a heating chamber from bottom to top. The exchange room (11) is equipped with an air distribution device system on the main body of the boiler, which is characterized in that: the boiler circulating flue gas channel of the air distribution device system is connected to the boiler water pre-water heating tank (24) through the air supply preheating device (21) The multi-circuit circulating flue gas passage (23) in ), the fan (26) is connected to the multi-circuit circulating flue gas passage on one side, and the other side is connected to the circulating flue gas outlet (29) in the alkaline liquid of the purification box (28) ), there is a purified flue gas inlet (27) above the purification box, and the purified flue gas inlet is connected with the fan connected to the air supply preheating device through the fresh air passage (23) and the mixed air passage (22), and the air supply preheating device The main air supply channel (18) is connected to the main air supply port (17), and the main air supply channel is connected to the internal working space of the boiler through the air supply port (19) and the air pipe (14). 2.根据权利要求1所述的微排放节能煤转气锅炉,其特征在于:所述煤气发生室(34)顶部由煤气发生室保温隔层(2)、换热管(4)构成,换热管间留有通道,煤气发生室侧面由水冷壁(3)构成,下部为煤气发生室炉排(1),煤气发生室炉门为密封结构。2. The micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the gas generation chamber (34) is composed of a gas generation chamber insulation layer (2) and a heat exchange tube (4). Passages are left between the heat pipes, the side of the gas generating chamber is composed of water-cooled walls (3), the lower part is the gas generating chamber fire grate (1), and the gas generating chamber furnace door is of a sealed structure. 3.根据权利要求1所述的微排放节能煤转气锅炉,其特征在于:所述煤气引燃室侧壁为保温材料构成的保温壁(6),保温壁上有的煤气混合气通道(7)。3. The micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the gas ignition chamber is a thermal insulation wall (6) made of thermal insulation material, and the gas mixture channel (6) on the thermal insulation wall 7). 4.根据权利要求1所述的微排放节能煤转气锅炉,其特征在于:所述配风装置系统采用人工或微电脑控制两种模式。4. The micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air distribution device system adopts two modes of manual or microcomputer control. 5.根据权利要求1所述的微排放节能煤转气锅炉,其特征在于:所述蒸汽发生室(32)由防渗集渣水池(33)和风管(14)构成,防渗集渣水池(33)是密封的,风管与防渗集渣水池连通。5. The micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam generating chamber (32) is composed of an anti-seepage slag collection pool (33) and an air duct (14), and the anti-seepage slag collection Pool (33) is sealed, and the air duct is communicated with the anti-seepage slag collection pool.
CN2011203937408U 2011-10-17 2011-10-17 Micro-emission energy-saving coal-to-gas boiler Expired - Fee Related CN202281217U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104033886A (en) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-10 陈卫星 Cyclic combustion zero emission
CN104132357A (en) * 2013-05-04 2014-11-05 王其昌 Boiler energy saving and emission reducing device
CN105927967A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-09-07 房沙沙 Boiler
CN107202423A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-09-26 叶培科 A kind of heat-exchange system based on hot-blast stove

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104033886A (en) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-10 陈卫星 Cyclic combustion zero emission
CN104132357A (en) * 2013-05-04 2014-11-05 王其昌 Boiler energy saving and emission reducing device
CN105927967A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-09-07 房沙沙 Boiler
CN107202423A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-09-26 叶培科 A kind of heat-exchange system based on hot-blast stove
CN107202423B (en) * 2017-07-11 2022-05-31 肇庆市元科机械科技有限公司 Heat exchange system based on hot blast stove

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