CN202271974U

CN202271974U - Full-automatic braking and balancing composition device for trailer

Info

Publication number: CN202271974U
Application number: CN201120313739XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王培良; 刘绍武; 刘璇; 王硕
Original assignee: TIANJIN XIANTAIDA ENGINEERING MACHINERY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: Tianjin perpetual forklift maintenance department
Priority date: 2011-08-25
Filing date: 2011-08-25
Publication date: 2012-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2021-08-25

Abstract

The utility model relates to a full-automatic braking and balancing composition device for a trailer. The device is composed of a front wheel braking device A, a balancing composition device B and a rear wheel braking device C, wherein the front wheel braking device A and the balancing composition device B are respectively installed on a front wheel axle on the trailer; the rear wheel braking device C is installed on a rear wheel axle; the balancing composition device B is connected with the pulling plate of the rear wheel braking device C via a bracing wire; a traction handle drives a front-back braking telescopic shaft and a transmission part; a front-back braking shoe presses the front-back braking telescopic shaft; a front-back brake drum brakes; a parking zipper, the traction handle and a front wheel braking shoe 6 form a triangle to cause the trailer to park and brake; when the trailer is on an uneven road or turns and turns around, the trailer takes a balance shaft as a center of a circle; the front wheel shaft can swing up and down; and the loading disk surface of the trailer can keep relatively horizontal to perform the efficacy on automatically balancing. The full-automatic braking and balancing composition device for a trailer has the functions of travelling braking and parking braking before and after trailering and has the function of automatically parking and braking after towing a hook, the full-automatic braking and balancing composition device for a trailer can stably and safely backing off, has simple structure and is convenient to maintain, keep in good repair and regulate, and the processes of travelling and backing off are stable and safe.

Description

The braking of trailer full automaticity, balanced combination device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of trailer, relates to particularly that a kind of factory (field) travel distance is short, turn radius is little, and the contact frequency is high and with towed trailer combination or break away from the frequent braking of trailer full automaticity, balanced combination device.

Background technology

As everyone knows, though trailer does not have power, the inertia that locomotive traction goes is really very big; Especially be under the load-carrying situation, during parking, must overcome the inertia that goes; Turn, during tune, must overcome centnifugal force; Especially be in that Dead Weight Cargo is higher, the upper shift of gravity center turn radius is little if do not have balance and braking function to be absolutely unsafe, and therefore stipulates in the requirement of country to relevant trailer brake, and the automatic parking brake device after service brake, braking during standstill and the unhook need be arranged.

At present, the trailer of use is divided into two types substantially

1. by automobile and large and middle tractor tow trailer: its braking all is that the masterpiece that puts on the locomotive brake pedal through chaufeur is the braking force source; The pressure that conducts the gas that or liquid through the brake equipment on the locomotive passes to by the road on the brake equipment of trailer again and produces braking force, and promptly this kind brake equipment must be connected with pipeline between trailer through locomotive;

2. be in the enterprise by tractor truck or miniature car (being mostly jeep type car): trailed trailer each run distance is shorter; The contact frequency is high; Frequent with locomotive consist or disengaging; If can bring loaded down with trivial details work capacity through the pipeline connection, and the frequent combination of every day can cause pipe joint to damage, so pipeline connects the use that is not suitable for trailer in the enterprise; In addition, trailer in the enterprise, steering hardware have two kinds of forms; A kind ofly turn to front axle to turn in company with steering handwheel for axle steer is to be provided with steering handwheel when need turn in the middle of the steering shaft, another kind turns to for spindle nose; Be that steering shaft is motionless, utilize the left and right sides and the bonded assembly steering swivel deflection of steering shaft two ends to make steered wheel deflection in order to turning to when turning to, more than two kinds of steering hardwares can only use but equilibrium function all do not arranged as turning to; And in the enterprise trailer in motion owing to receive the narrow restriction of road, when turn, during tune; Sometimes need change little curved (turn radius is little) or change the sharp turn thereby adopt axle steer device (because of its steering shaft can 360 ° drags commentariess on classics) more, but it installs balancing device thereby poor stability are not arranged; Especially it is higher to be in Dead Weight Cargo; Upper shift of gravity center, and traction is during bunching, and (promptly a tractor truck draws several trailers simultaneously) is prone to roll-over accident; Moreover at present; Its braking of the trailer that uses in the enterprise is a kind of to be the automatic parking brake after having only Parking and breaking off relations; Its braking force major part is a braking force and the friction generates braking mutually of the tire of wheel, so tire is caused wearing and tearing, has shortened the service life of tire; Owing to do not possess service brake, so be absolutely unsafe; Also having a kind of trailer is that trailer is received drum-type full automaticity brake equipment outward; Though solved the automatic parking brake after service brake, braking during standstill and the unhook; But the drum type brake collar of its drum type full automaticity brake equipment is a fixed pivot; Its brake collar be involute be sleeved on drum type brake wheel outside face, can cause braking ineffective like the brake lining and the excessive clearance between the drum type brake wheel of brake collar inside face, if the too small meeting in gap causes the brake lining part and the brake wheel friction of brake collar inside face; When personnel selection force urges trailer, can feel that trailer is overweight, not light.

Summary of the invention:

The main purpose of the utility model is to overcome above deficiency and provides that a kind of factory travel distance is short, turn radius is little, and the contact frequency is high and with towed trailer combination or break away from frequent trailer full automaticity balance and brake combination.

The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopted: it comprises: trailer; The traction handle, forward and backward wheel and forward and backward axle, it is characterized in that: trailer comprises front wheel brake device A; Balanced combination device B and trailing wheel brake equipment C; Front wheel brake device A and balance composite set B are contained in respectively between two front-wheels on the front axle, and balanced combination device B is contained in the centre of front axle, and front wheel brake device A is contained in the end positions of front axle; Trailing wheel brake equipment C is installed in the end positions of rear axle; Balanced combination device B is connected with the trailing wheel braking arm-tie of trailing wheel brake equipment C through the back brake pulling wire.

The utility model can also adopt following technical measures:

Described front wheel brake device A goes up traction hinged with the front wheel brake telescopic shaft, and the front wheel brake telescopic shaft has outer shaft sleeve outward, and the side is welded into one under outer shaft sleeve and the front axle both sides; Have pull back spring on the front wheel brake telescopic shaft in the outer shaft sleeve; A cam and A cam rocker arm link into an integrated entity, and the A cam rocker arm is hinged through pivot pin with the adjustment pull bar, and adjustment pull bar and support arm are hinged; Support arm is fixed on an end of front wheel brake telescopic shaft through nut; With the fixing front wheel brake base plate of lock(ing) bolt, wheel brake drum is fixed by bolts on the front-wheel on the front axle, and the front wheel brake ferrodo is fixed or be fixed on the front wheel brake shoe plate with rivet with the special glue cementation; Front wheel brake shoe plate and front wheel brake ferrodo can be opened and close around immovable anchor pin; Parking slide fastener one end is connected the top of Parking slide fastener back arm, and the other end is fixed on the Parking slide fastener front frame, and the traction on the top of Parking slide fastener back arm, Parking slide fastener front frame and the front wheel brake telescopic shaft is constituting triangle.

Have balance shaft on the described balanced combination device B, it is welded in the middle of front axle below, and balance shaft is equipped with balance shaft bearing and balance shaft bearing frame, and balance shaft bearing frame and balance shaft stay bearing plate are fixed with screw; Front axle is contained in and is bearing fit in the balance shaft stay bearing plate; The front axle upper end is left with the bottom surface of steering handwheel base plate and is set the gap; The balance shaft endoporus is equipped with trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft; Trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft is equipped with trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft return spring, and trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft rear end is connected with the lower end that trailing wheel is braked big rocking arm, and trailing wheel is provided with pivot shaft in the middle of braking big rocking arm; The upper end that trailing wheel is braked big rocking arm is connected with the front end of trailing wheel brake pulling wire; Backguy through the centre hole of the center shaft of steering handwheel pass with rear wheel rotation brake equipment C on trailing wheel braking arm-tie be connected, plate is welded on the steering handwheel base plate through the steering handwheel pillar stiffener in steering handwheel top board and the steering handwheel, the bottom surface of steering handwheel base plate is welded with balance shaft stay bearing plate and support reinforcing plate; Fixed muffle on the plate in the steering handwheel; Place bearing and center shaft in the sleeve, its center shaft is hollow and uses nut locking, the upper end cylindrical of center shaft and the welding of the centre hole of the top board on the steering handwheel; The car beam weldering of the front and back ends of top board and trailer loading tray bottom surface is one, and traction is being fixed with trailing wheel braking support arm and Parking reinforcement extension plate on the midway location;

The end of described trailing wheel braking support arm is cuboid or cylinder; Described trailing wheel brake equipment C is installed on the rear axle end positions; On trailing wheel brake equipment C with the fixing trailing wheel back-plate of lock(ing) bolt; The trailing wheel brake lining is fixed on the brake strap with special glue or rivet; Trailing wheel brake strap and trailing wheel brake lining can be opened and close around the immovable anchor pin at trailing wheel brake strap arm-tie two ends, have the C cam in the middle of the trailing wheel brake strap open upper end, and the C cam is connected with the C cam rocker arm; Trailing wheel brake strap return spring is housed on the trailing wheel brake strap; Arm-tie and trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar are hinged, and trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar is hinged through being connected bearing pin with trailing wheel braking small rocker, and the trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft of trailing wheel braking small rocker lower end supports through trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft bracing frame; One end of trailing wheel braking arm-tie is captiveed joint with the trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft, and the other end of trailing wheel braking arm-tie is gone up the trailing wheel brake pulling wire with balanced combination device B and is connected.

Advantage and the good effect that the utlity model has are: have the automatic parking brake function behind service brake, braking during standstill and the towing hook of trailer front-wheel and trailing wheel; Driving is steady and safety with reversing, can reduce manufacturing cost, and is simple in structure; Its major part plays the double effects low cost of manufacture; And major part all adopts the bareing structure, the back corrosion problem of not only can preventing paddling, but also be convenient to maintenance and adjustment; Alleviate the moment of torsion of trailer and, reduce damage locomotive and trailer to the bump strength of locomotive.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model integral structure scheme drawing;

Fig. 2 is a front wheel brake device A structural representation;

Fig. 3 is a balancing device B structural representation;

Fig. 4 is a trailing wheel brake equipment C-structure scheme drawing.

Among Fig. 1-Fig. 4: A. front wheel brake device, B. balanced combination device, C. trailing wheel brake equipment, 1. front axle, 2. rear axle, 3. trailing wheel brake pulling wire; 4.C cam rocker arm, 5. traction is, 6. front wheel brake telescopic shaft, 7. front wheel brake telescopic shaft overcoat, 8. return spring, 9.A cam; 10. pivot pin, 11.A cam rocker arm, 12. adjustment pull bars, 13. front wheel brake support arms, 14. lock(ing) bolts, 15. front wheel brake base plates; 16. wheel brake drum, 17. front wheel brake ferrodos, 18. front wheel brake shoe plates, 19. fixing branch are consigned, 20. Parking slide fasteners, 21. Parking slide fastener back arms; 22. Parking slide fastener front frame, 23. balance shafts, 24. balance shaft bearings, 25. balance shaft bearing framves, 26. balance shaft stay bearing plates, 27. steering handwheel base plates; 28. back braking telescopic shaft, 29. trailing wheels braking telescopic shaft return spring, 30. trailing wheels are braked big rocking arm, 31. pivot shafts, 32. connect bearing pin, 33. steering wheel centre axles; 34. trailing wheel braking arm-tie, 35. steering handwheel top boards, plate in 36. steering handwheels, 37. steering handwheel pillar stiffeners, 38. balance shaft support reinforcing plates; 39. trailing wheel braking support arm, 40. lock(ing) bolts, 41. trailing wheel back-plates, 42. trailing wheel brake wheels, 43. trailing wheel brake straps; 44. the trailing wheel brake lining, 45. rear brake shoe arm-ties, 46. fixing branch are consigned, 47.C cam, 48. trailing wheel brake strap return springs; 49. trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar, 50. trailing wheels braking small rocker, 51. trailing wheel brake and transmission shafts, 52. trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft bracing frames, 53. Parking reinforcement extension plates.

The specific embodiment

Be the summary of the invention characteristics that further to understand the utility model and effect following examples for example now, and conjunction with figs. specifies as follows, see also Fig. 1-Fig. 4.

Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2: trailer comprises front wheel brake device A; Balanced combination device B and trailing wheel brake equipment C; Front wheel brake device A and balance composite set B are contained in respectively on two front axles 1 between the front-wheel; Balanced combination device B is contained in the centre of front axle 1, wherein the critical part of front wheel brake device A and the balance composite set driving force that not only played equilibrium activity but also played braking with turn to; Trailing wheel brake equipment C is installed in the end positions of rear axle 2; Balanced combination device B is connected with the cam rocker arm 4 of trailing wheel brake equipment C through trailing wheel brake pulling wire 3; It is hinged with front wheel brake telescopic shaft 65 that described front wheel brake device A goes up traction, the front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 outer front wheel brake telescopic shaft overcoats 7 that have, and overcoat 7 is welded into one with front axle 1; Have return spring 8 on the front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 in the overcoat 7; A cam and A cam rocker arm 11 link into an integrated entity, and A cam rocker arm 11 is hinged with adjustment pull bar 12 through bearing pin 10, and adjustment pull bar 12 is hinged with support arm 13; An end of braking telescopic shaft 6 before support arm 13 is fixed on through nut; With the fixing front wheel brake base plate 15 of lock(ing) bolt 14, wheel brake drum 16 is fixed by bolts on the front-wheel on the front axle 1, and front wheel brake ferrodo 17 usefulness glue or rivet are packed on the front wheel brake shoe plate 18; Front wheel brake shoe plate 18 can be opened and close around bearing pin 19; Parking slide fastener 20 1 ends are connected the top of Parking slide fastener back arm 21, and the other end is fixed on the Parking slide fastener front frame 22, and the traction on the top of Parking slide fastener back arm 21, Parking slide fastener front frame 22 and the front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 constitutes triangle to 5; Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3: have balance shaft 23 on the described balanced combination device B, it is welded in the middle of front axle 1 below, and balance shaft 23 is equipped with balance shaft bearing 24 and balance shaft bearing frame 25, and balance shaft bearing frame 25 is fixed with balance shaft stay bearing plate 26 usefulness screws; Front axle 1 is contained in and is bearing fit in the balance shaft stay bearing plate 26; The bottom surface of front axle 1 upper end and steering handwheel base plate 27 is left and is set the gap; Balance shaft 23 endoporus are equipped with trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28; Trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28 is equipped with trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft return spring 29; Trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28 rear ends are connected with the lower end that trailing wheel is braked big rocking arm 30; Trailing wheel is provided with pivot shaft 31 in the middle of braking big rocking arm 30; The upper end that trailing wheel is braked big rocking arm 30 is connected with the front end of trailing wheel brake pulling wire 3 (or pull bar); Backguy 3 (or pull bar) through the centre hole of the center shaft 33 of steering handwheel pass with trailing wheel brake equipment C on trailing wheel braking arm-tie 34 is connected, described trailing wheel brake pulling wire (3) also can be made into pull bar but must pass through the centre hole of steering wheel centre axle (33) with trailing wheel brake equipment C and is connected, it is plate 36 in the one steering handwheel that the car beam of the front and back ends of steering handwheel top board 35 and trailer loading tray bottom surface welds; Be welded on the steering handwheel base plate 27 through steering handwheel pillar stiffener 37 and become one; Plate 36 is provided with fixed muffle in the steering handwheel, places bearing and center shaft 33 in the sleeve, and its center shaft 33 is hollow and uses nut locking; Be welded with balance shaft stay bearing plate 26 and support reinforcing plate 38 below the steering handwheel base plate 27, traction is fixed with trailing wheel braking support arm 39 (its end is cuboid or cylinder) and Parking reinforcement extension plate 53 on 5; Described is that center of circle front axle 1 can be around balance shaft upper and lower swing in the setting gap left in the bottom surface of balance shaft stay bearing plate 26 and steering handwheel base plate 27 with balance shaft 23; Drive front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 and telescopic shaft overcoat 7 and traction 5 equilibrium activitys; When hauling engine slows down or stop, clash into hauling engines to 5 by traction; Produce antagonistic force simultaneously; Traction is moved 5 after, promote respectively to move after front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 is braked telescopic shaft 28 with trailing wheel, braking force is passed to front wheel brake device A respectively and trailing wheel brake equipment C plays brake action;, trailer meets that hauling engine slows down or when stopping, above parts all produce full automaticity braking and balance double effects when going in rough road or turning, tune again; Described trailing wheel brake equipment C is installed on the rear axle 2; On trailing wheel brake equipment C with the fixing trailing wheel back-plate 41 of bolt 40; Trailing wheel brake lining 44 is equipped with in the centre of trailing wheel brake wheel 42 and trailing wheel brake strap 43, and trailing wheel brake strap 43 can be opened and close around the pivot pin 46 at trailing wheel brake strap arm-tie 45 two ends, has C cam 47 in the middle of trailing wheel brake strap 43 open upper end; C cam 47 is connected with cam rocker arm 4; Trailing wheel brake strap 43 is provided with trailing wheel brake strap return spring 48, and cam rocker arm 4 is hinged with trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar 49, and trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar 49 is hinged through being connected bearing pin 32 with trailing wheel braking small rocker 50; The transmission shaft 51 of trailing wheel braking small rocker 50 lower ends supports through bracing frame 52; One end of trailing wheel braking arm-tie 34 is captiveed joint with transmission shaft 51, and trailing wheel braking arm-tie 34 can be swung by brake and transmission shaft 51 around the back, and the other end of trailing wheel braking arm-tie 34 is gone up trailing wheel brake pulling wire 3 with balanced combination device B and is connected.

In operation, when the tractor truck breakdown trailer, be divided into following several kinds of different situations:

1. during service brake:

1.. when tractor truck breakdown trailer to overtake in the process, hauling engine slows down or when stopping, trailer inertia to overtake; Make traction 5 bump locomotives, simultaneously, produce antagonistic force; Traction is moved 5 backward, and promotion front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 move backward with trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28; Front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 moves after moving backward and driving front wheel brake support arm 13; The pull bar 12 of pulling front wheel brake and the A cam rocker arm 11 of front wheel brake move backward, and at this moment, A cam rocker arm 11 drives 9 rotations of braking A cam; Spreading front brake lining 18; Front wheel brake ferrodo 17 above front-wheel brake strap 18 presses brake wheel 16 inside faces of rotation, and produces friction brake torque, makes front-wheel produce service brake; Meanwhile; Traction promotes trailing wheels braking telescopic shafts 28 to 5 top trailing wheel braking support arms 39 and moves the lower end that the promotion trailing wheel is braked big rocking arm 30 backward; It is that fulcrum makes its front end spur trailing wheel brake pulling wire 3 (or pull bar) downwards to spur trailing wheel braking arm-tie 34 simultaneously with brake and transmission shaft 51 rotations with pivot shaft 31 that trailing wheel is braked big rocking arm 30; Drive the trailing wheel braking small rocker 50 pulling trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar 49 that moves forward and move forward with C cam rocker arm 4 and make C cam 47 rotation spreading trailing wheel brake straps 43, make trailing wheel produce service brake when trailing wheel brake lining 44 presses trailing wheel brake wheel 42 inside faces of rotation and produces friction brake torque; At this moment, the forward and backward wheel of trailer all can produce service brake simultaneously; When hauling engine need continue to overtake; With traction 5 forward pulling time drive front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 and other power transmission parts reach return, make 9 revolutions of A cam under the effect of front wheel brake shoe plate 18 pull back springs, spur front wheel brake shoe plate 18 returns and brake wheel 14 generation gaps and remove front wheel brake; Meanwhile; Trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28 makes its reach return under the effect of trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft return spring 29; The power transmission parts of other trailing wheel braking are return and under the effect of the pull back spring 48 of trailing wheel brake strap 43 simultaneously also; Pulling trailing wheel brake strap 43 returns, and remove trailing wheel with trailing wheel brake wheel 42 generation gaps and brake, this moment, the forward and backward wheel of trailer all can be removed service brake simultaneously.

2. the self-equalizing in driving a vehicle:

When trailer in driving, front-wheel meets rough road or is turning, when producing centnifugal force during tune, is being the center of circle with balance shaft 23; Front axle 1 can automatic upper and lower swing in the gap of setting is left in balance shaft stay bearing plate 26 and steering handwheel base plate 27 bottom surfaces, and at this moment, the loading card of trailer can keep the opposing horizontal position; Thereby play the self-equalizing effect, fixing because of the overcoat 7 of front wheel brake telescopic shaft with front axle 1 welding, in its overcoat 7 front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 is housed; During the upper and lower swing of current axis 1, overcoat 7 and front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 be also in company with upper and lower swing and since traction 5 and front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 hinged; Thereby also 5 companions are swung in the drive traction, and the front end eye hitch that draws 5 is connected with the back towing hook of tractor truck, when turning, tune; Tractor and trailer produces centnifugal force simultaneously, and makes the certain angle of inclination of vehicle at this moment, is provided with the self-balanced trailer and loads card level relatively; And make front axle 1 upper and lower swing, the angle of inclination that drive traction this moment is just being complied with tractor truck to certain this angle of angle of 5 inclinations, thereby play the traction towing hook and draw encircling the anti-ingear power that can not produce; Simultaneously, can prevent that also traction is annular strain.

3. full automaticity is braked and balance

In hauling engine breakdown trailer process to overtake, meet rough road or turn again, when reversing end for end, when producing centnifugal force tractor truck need slow down or stop again this moment, trailer is the center of circle with balance shaft 23 at this moment; Front axle 1 can upper and lower voluntarily swing in the gap of setting is left in balance shaft stay bearing plate 26 and steering handwheel base plate 27 bottom surfaces; At this moment, the loading card of trailer can keep the opposing horizontal position, thereby plays the self-equalizing effect; Because of the overcoat 7 of front wheel brake telescopic shaft is fixed with front axle 1 welding; Its overcoat 7 endoporus are equipped with front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6, and during the upper and lower swing of current axis 1, overcoat 7 and front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 are also in company with upper and lower swing; Because traction is hinged with front wheel brake telescopic shaft 65, thereby also drive is drawn 5 in company with front axle 1 upper and lower swing; And the front end eye hitch that draws 5 is connected with the back towing hook of tractor truck; Tractor and trailer produces centnifugal force simultaneously when turning, tune; Make the certain angle of inclination of vehicle; Be provided with the self-balanced trailer this moment and load card level relatively, and make front axle 1 upper and lower swing, drive traction the certain angle of 5 inclinations; This angle is just being complied with the angle of inclination of tractor truck and is being played the effect that prevents to produce anti-engagement force; And this moment, tractor truck also when slowing down or stop, the inertia that goes of trailer make traction 5 just can clash into tractor truck back towing hook, and generation antagonistic force; Traction is moved 5 backward to be promoted front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 and trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28 simultaneously and moves backward and drive the lower end that front wheel brake support arm 13 and trailing wheel are braked big rocking arm 30 respectively; Thereby move backward will draw 5 braking forces that move backward be delivered to respectively forward and backward car side brake make A cam 9 and C cam 47 rotate respectively spreading front and rear wheel brake strap 18 and 43 makes its front and rear wheel brake lining 17 and 44 press the front and rear wheel brake wheel 16 of rotation and 42 inside face, the generation friction brake torque makes forward and backward wheel produce service brake simultaneously; Thereby when hauling engine more to overtake time pulling trailer traction be returned to the service brake that original position makes brake lining and brake wheel generation gap releasing front and rear wheel under 5 effects of front axle 1 at each return spring.Thereby braking of trailer full automaticity and balance have been realized.

Braking during standstill with break off relations after automatic parking brake:

During the trailer braking during standstill; The rear end of front axle 1 left and right sides is welded with Parking slide fastener back arm 21; Traction is equipped with Parking slide fastener front frame 22 to both sides, 5 rear end; Parking slide fastener back arm 21 is higher than Parking slide fastener front frame 22, is connected with Parking slide fastener 20 in the middle of them, makes Parking slide fastener back arm 21 Parking slide fasteners 20 reach preceding braking telescopic shaft 6 to 5 with traction and forms triangle; During the trailer Parking, traction is fallen 5, under the effect of Parking slide fastener 20; To draw 5 pulled backwards; Make traction 5 while pushing tow front wheel brake telescopic shafts 6 and trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28, force it to move backward, simultaneously; Produce braking force through the 13 pulling front wheel brake adjustment pull bars 12 of the front wheel brake support arm on the front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 with the front wheel brake cam rocker arm, make front-wheel produce braking during standstill; Meanwhile; Thereby trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28 promotes trailing wheel and brakes big rocking arm 30 pulling trailing wheel brake pulling wires 3 (or pull bars) generation braking force; Make it spur trailing wheel braking arm-tie 34 forward, drive 51 rotations of trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft, drive trailing wheel braking small rocker 50; Pulling trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar 49 and trailing wheel brake shoe expander Rocker arm 4 make trailing wheel produce braking during standstill; The end face that trailing wheel braking support arm 39 contacts with trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28 promptly has a prolongation because of being made into cuboid or cylinder, is extension plate;

When traction falls to certain position to 5; The extension branch of extension plate one end further promotes trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28 backward, thereby plays the effect that increases trailing wheel braking during standstill power, when traction is upwards mentioned 5; Parking slide fastener 20 is lax; Under the effect of braking return spring and front and rear wheel braking telescopic shaft return spring 8,29, each stop mechanism is returned to motoring condition, and braking during standstill is removed; When trailer separates decoupling device with locomotive, still rely on the whereabouts voluntarily of drawing 5, just produce braking during standstill; When the unexpected unhook of trailer, still rely on the whereabouts voluntarily of drawing to produce the stopping brake effect automatically 5.

5. when tractor truck drives the trailer reversing:

The full automaticity brake equipment; Be also referred to as the impacting type braking; Because of it is to utilize the antagonistic force of impact to produce braking force, and when reversing, tractor truck applies the thrust direction of trailer, and to clash into the direction of antagonistic force of generation with to overtake the time identical; Be prone to the influence reversing, but the utility model can not be affected; Because when tractor truck drives the trailer reversing; Be respectively equipped with front and rear wheel braking telescopic shaft return spring 8,29 between front wheel brake telescopic shaft 6 and front wheel brake telescopic shaft overcoat 7 and balance shaft 23 and the trailing wheel braking telescopic shaft 28; This return spring can make front and rear wheel braking telescopic shaft 6,28 returns; Can play again when steadily moveing backward; Support pushing tow front and rear wheel braking telescopic shaft 6,28, resisting front and rear wheel braking telescopic shaft 6,28 has the effect that moves backward by a relatively large margin, and front and rear wheel brake strap 18,43 open strength are reduced; Front and rear wheel brake strip 17,44 does not compress front and rear wheel brake wheel 16,42 inside faces, and therefore reversing can not be affected.

Tractor truck drives the automatic parking brake of trailer behind service brake, braking during standstill and the towing hook of having accomplished trailer front-wheel and trailing wheel under the above several kinds of states; And when turning, reversing end for end or meeting concavo-convex road surface; Because front axle can upper and lower voluntarily swing make loading card maintenance level relatively play the self-equalizing effect in setting interstice coverage; When above-mentioned situation occurring and needing ramp to stop, also can play the double effects of autobrake and balance.

Its advantage is: have the automatic parking brake function behind service brake, braking during standstill and the towing hook of trailer front-wheel and trailing wheel, driving and reversing steadily and safety can reduce manufacturing cost; Simple in structure, its major part plays the double effects low cost of manufacture, and major part all adopts the bareing structure; Corrosion problem after not only can preventing paddling; But also be convenient to maintenance and adjustment, alleviate the moment of torsion of trailer and, reduce damage locomotive and trailer to the bump strength of locomotive.

Above-described embodiment describes the preferred implementation of the utility model; Be not that scope to the utility model limits; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model design spirit; Various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skills make the technical scheme of the utility model all should fall in the definite protection domain of the utility model claims.

Claims

1. trailer full automaticity braking, balanced combination device; It comprises: trailer, traction handle, forward and backward wheel and forward and backward axle; It is characterized in that: trailer comprises front wheel brake device A; Balanced combination device B and trailing wheel brake equipment C, front wheel brake device A and balance composite set B are contained in respectively on two fronts wheel spindle (1) between the front-wheel, and balancing device B is contained in the centre of front axle (1); Front wheel brake device A is contained in the end positions of front axle (1); Trailing wheel brake equipment C is contained in the end positions of rear axle (2); Balanced combination device B is connected with the back braking arm-tie (34) of trailing wheel brake equipment C through back brake pulling wire (3).

2. trailer full automaticity braking according to claim 1, balanced combination device; It is characterized in that: it is hinged (5) and preceding braking telescopic shaft (6) that described front wheel brake device A goes up traction; The outer outer shaft sleeve (7) that has of preceding braking telescopic shaft (6); Outer shaft sleeve (7) is welded into one with beneath side, front axle (1) both sides, has return spring (8) on the preceding braking telescopic shaft (6) in the outer shaft sleeve (7), and A cam (9) and A cam rocker arm (11) link into an integrated entity; A cam rocker arm (11) is hinged through pivot pin (10) with adjustment pull bar (12); Adjustment pull bar (12) is hinged with support arm (13), and an end of braking telescopic shaft (6) before support arm (13) is fixed on through nut, front axle (1) are gone up with the fixing front wheel brake base plate (15) of lock(ing) bolt (14); Wheel brake drum (16) is fixed by bolts on the front-wheel; Front wheel brake ferrodo (17) is decided with the special glue cementation or is fixed on the front brake lining (18) with the rivet rivet clasp, and front brake lining (18) and preceding brake lining (17) can be opened and close around immovable anchor pin (19), and Parking slide fastener (20) one ends are connected the top of Parking slide fastener back arm (21); The other end is fixed on the Parking slide fastener front frame (22), and the traction on the top of Parking slide fastener back arm (21), Parking slide fastener front frame (22) and the preceding braking telescopic shaft (6) constitutes triangle to (5).

3. trailer full automaticity braking according to claim 1, balanced combination device; It is characterized in that: have balance shaft (23) on the described balanced combination device B; It is welded in the middle of front axle (1) below; Balance shaft (23) is equipped with balance shaft bearing (24) and balance shaft bearing frame (25), and balance shaft bearing frame (25) is fixed with screw with balance shaft stay bearing plate (26); Front axle (1) is contained in and is bearing fit in the balance shaft stay bearing plate (26); Front axle (1) upper end is left with the bottom surface of steering handwheel base plate (27) and is set the gap; Balance shaft (23) endoporus is equipped with back braking telescopic shaft (28); Back braking telescopic shaft (28) is equipped with back braking telescopic shaft return spring (29); Braking telescopic shaft (28) rear end, back is connected with the lower end of the back big rocking arm of braking (30); Be provided with pivot shaft (31) in the middle of the big rocking arm of back braking (30), the upper end of the back big rocking arm of braking (30) with after the front end of brake pulling wire (3) be connected, backguy (3) through the centre hole of the center shaft (33) of steering handwheel pass with post brake device C on after braking arm-tie (34) be connected; Plate (36) is welded on the steering handwheel base plate (27) through steering handwheel pillar stiffener (37) in steering handwheel top board (35) and the steering handwheel; The bottom surface of steering handwheel base plate (27) is welded with balance shaft stay bearing plate (26) support reinforcing version (38), and plate in the steering handwheel is fixed with sleeve on (36), places bearing and center shaft (33) in the sleeve; Its center shaft (33) is hollow and uses nut locking; The centre hole welding of the upper end cylindrical of center shaft (33) and the top board (35) on the steering handwheel, the car beam weldering of the front and back ends of steering handwheel top board (35) and trailer loading tray bottom surface is one, traction is being fixed with back braking support arm (39) and Parking reinforcement extension plate (53) on (5) midway location.

4. trailer full automaticity braking according to claim 3, balanced combination device, it is characterized in that: the end of described back braking support arm (39) is cuboid or cylinder.

5. trailer full automaticity braking according to claim 1, balanced combination device; It is characterized in that: described trailing wheel brake equipment C is installed on the end positions of rear axle (2); On trailing wheel brake equipment C, fix back back-plate (41) with lock(ing) bolt (40); Trailing wheel brake lining (44) is fixed on the trailing wheel brake strap (43) with special glue or rivet; Trailing wheel brake strap (43) and trailing wheel brake lining (44) can be opened and close around the immovable anchor pin (46) at trailing wheel brake strap arm-tie (45) two ends, have C cam (47) in the middle of trailing wheel brake strap (43) open upper end, and C cam (47) is connected with C cam rocker arm (4); Rear brake shoe return spring (48) is housed on the trailing wheel brake strap (43); Arm-tie (4) and trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar (49) are hinged, and it is hinged that trailing wheel brake adjusting pull bar (49) and trailing wheel braking small rocker (50) are connected bearing pin (32), and the trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft (51) of trailing wheel braking small rocker (50) lower end passes through trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft bracing frame (52) support; One end of trailing wheel braking arm-tie (34) is captiveed joint with trailing wheel brake and transmission shaft (51), and the other end of trailing wheel braking arm-tie (34) is gone up trailing wheel brake pulling wire (3) with balanced combination device B and is connected.

6. trailer full automaticity braking according to claim 1, balanced combination device, it is characterized in that: described trailing wheel brake pulling wire (3) also can be made into pull bar but must pass through the centre hole of steering wheel centre axle (33) with trailing wheel brake equipment C and is connected.