CN202258045U - L-II fluid mechanics integrated testing instrument - Google Patents
L-II fluid mechanics integrated testing instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN202258045U CN202258045U CN2011201033521U CN201120103352U CN202258045U CN 202258045 U CN202258045 U CN 202258045U CN 2011201033521 U CN2011201033521 U CN 2011201033521U CN 201120103352 U CN201120103352 U CN 201120103352U CN 202258045 U CN202258045 U CN 202258045U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an L-II fluid mechanics integrated testing instrument. In the prior manometric tube, each straight tube possesses only one static pressure manometric tube, and in the utility model, each straight tube possesses three pressure manometric tubes including one total pressure manometric tube and two static pressure manometric tubes. One static pressure manometric tube and one dynamic pressure manometric tubes comprise a pitot tube, the functions of the instrument are developed, and five kinds of tests can be finished. The internal diameter proportion of a three-variable-diameter pipe is properly modified specially through a test, and the test result is more reasonable and accurate. All manometric tubes are conducted to be integrated on a manometric bench, which is convenient for measure comparison. A water supply case is additionally provided, a steady flow plate is additionally provided in a pressure stabilization water tank, a water current is stabilized, after a water pump stops working, water returns back to the water supply case along the prior water supply tube, and arrangement work after the test is easier. The instrument can be placed on a common test cable, the arrangement is flexible, and the change is free.
Description
One, technical field
The utility model relates to the fluid mechanics field.On an instrument, can accomplish five fluid mechanics experiments.Fluid mechanics is changed popularity and the importance that more and more demonstrates it in the construction and use in modern times.It is all indispensable at aspects such as chemical industry, water conservancy, space flight, shippings.Fluid mechanics meets similarity principle in addition, all is to be based upon on the basis of experiment all about the engineering of fluid aspect.
Two, technical background
This instrument is on former Jing Zhou college of education physics lies in the basis of Bernoulli equation experiment instrument (national patent ZL96206873X) of the development nineties, to develop; Its feature is can be arranged on any laboratory table; The current Automatic Cycle; Head is regulated arbitrarily within the specific limits, makes its experiment have diversity, and same instrument has accomplishes five fluid mechanics experiments.Be suitable for reason, industry science student does the fluid mechanics grouping experiment.Concrete experimental project is: 1, the checking of the permanent mobile Bernoulli equation of ideal fluid; 2, the permanent mobile Bernoulli energy equation experiment of ideal fluid; 3, the flow velocity of Pitot pipe fluid measured; 4, the checking of poiseuille (J.Poiseujlle) formula; 5, local resistance loss experiment.
Three, summary of the invention
The utility model experimental apparatus mainly is applicable to the experiment of reason, industry science student's fluid mechanics aspect, also can supply the scientific research personnel for hydromechanical research.According to the requirement of new textbook convection cell mechanics, the experiment problem constantly increases, and in view of former Bernoulli equation experiment instrument experimental project is single, can only do the experiment of Bernoulli equation, can not satisfy the needs of experiment.In view of the above, we through repetition test, development meticulously, have increased a ram-air pipe on each section face on the basis of " Bernoulli equation experiment instrument ", to constitute pitot tube, widened experiment content, and its resource is utilized more fully.We can accomplish five experiment contents by L-II type fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument newly developed: the checking of the permanent mobile Bernoulli equation of (1) ideal fluid; (2) the permanent mobile Bernoulli energy equation experiment of ideal fluid; (3) flow velocity of Pitot pipe fluid measured;
(4) checking of poiseuille (J.Poiseujlle) formula; (5) local resistance loss experiment.
The utility model provides a kind of L-II fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument; Mainly form by water system, the circulation system, reducing mozzle, pressure measurement part and base several sections; Be characterized in: each part at mozzle has all increased a dynamic pressure tube and a static tube; Constituted the Pitot pipe, simultaneously can offer hydromechanical five experiments: the checking of the permanent mobile Bernoulli equation of (1) ideal fluid; (2) the permanent mobile Bernoulli Jacob's energy equation experiment of ideal fluid; (3) flow velocity of Pitot pipe fluid measured; (4) checking of the mensuration-Poiseuille's formula of flow; (5) local resistance loss experiment.
This fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument; Its characteristic also comprises flow guide system; Three reducing mozzle 2-2-1, mozzle 2-2-2, mozzle 2-2-3 have formed the static pressure and the dynamic pressure of each section face, and the ratio of three reducing mozzle internal diameters has satisfied the relation between flow velocity and the pressure; And formed the pitot pipe by a static tube and a dynamic pressure tube, the assurance instrument can be offered multinomial experiment.
This fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument, its characteristic also comprises the automatic circulating system of current: water-feeding system S1-14, drainage system 1-08 have constituted any circulation of current on experiment table.
This fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument; Its characteristics comprise voltage stabilizing, overflow system water tank of voltage regulation 1-03, drain tank 1-08, spilling water cup 1-04; Water tank of voltage regulation 1-03 has guaranteed the static of head; To satisfy experiment condition, spilling water bosom 1-04 is free adjustable in water tank, has guaranteed to test and can under different heads, carry out.
The characteristics that this instrument has still kept former " Bernoulli equation experiment instrument ", the current Automatic Cycle.Its improvement part is on each section face, to have increased a ram-air pipe and a static tube; To constitute pitot tube, increased by a supply tank 1-01, in water tank of voltage regulation 1-03, increased stabilier; Make current more stable; After water pump was shut down, water returned into supply tank along former feed pipe, made the housekeeping after the experiment easier.Piezometric tube increases to 9 by original 3, and 9 piezometric tube 3-03 all cause on the concentrated pressure measurement platform 3-02, are convenient to compare and measure.Piezometric tube has only a piezometric tube survey static pressure to become by former every straight tube and three piezometric tube is arranged on the every straight tube, survey total head for 1, surveys static pressure for 2.Make the function of this instrument be able to expand.Can accomplish five experiment contents.Particularly through the test internal diameter ratio of 2-2-1,2-2-2,2-2-3 three reducing mozzles has been done appropriate modification, make experimental result more rationally, more accurate.This instrument has two kinds of forms as a complete unit: the one, and desk-top, as shown in the figure.It can place on the general laboratory table, flexible arrangement, and conversion is freely.The 2nd, monoblock type, promptly together with laboratory table as one, the laboratory that is suitable for fixing.The latter is uneconomic.
Compare with quasi-instrument with other, its great advantage is: 1, current Automatic Cycle, practiced thrift water, and arrangement convenience is flexible; 2: head height (1-04 spilling water cup) can be regulated arbitrarily within the specific limits; 3: one instruments can be accomplished a plurality of fluid mechanics experiments, and applicability is wideer.And experimental result is more reasonable, precision is higher.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model L-II fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument
Embodiment the utility model comprises:
00 laboratory table 1-00 power supply 1-01 water tank 1-02 submersible pump 1-03 water tank of voltage regulation 1-04 spilling water cup 1-04-1 set screw 1-08 drain tank S1-12 tapping pipe S1-13 overflow pipe S1-14 upper hose 2-2-1 mozzle; (1) 2-2-2 mozzle; (2) 2-2-3 mozzle; (3) the 2-2-5 pipe supports; (first) 2-2-7 manages support; (second) 2-12-2 gate valve 2-12-6 pillar nut 3-01 pressure measurement platform 3-02 measuring pressure basis platform 3-03 piezometric tube 3-05 pressure measurement needle tubing; (totally 9) 3-08 depth vernier gage 4-01 base plate 4-03 burr adjustable tail margin
Five, embodiment
(1) operation of fluid: at first spilling water cup (1-04) being adjusted to institute must height, with dog screw (1-04-1) location of screwing; Open water pump again, fluid through upper hose (S1-14) to water tank of voltage regulation (1-03) water filling.Liquid level to an institute palpus degree, spilling water cup (1-04) through overflow pipe (S1-13) to supply tank (1-01) backwater.Open gate valve (2-12-2) simultaneously to the appropriate location, make fluid be back to supply tank from tapping pipe (S1-12) through drain tank (1-08).
(2) horizontal adjustment: 1. when be filled to water tank of voltage regulation flood mozzle after, possibly carry air bubble secretly in the mozzle flowing water flow, possibly also have bubble in piezometric tube and the flexible pipe, make the piezometric surface height untrue.At this moment must drain bubble, the method for being taked is to destroy bubble, makes it to flow out with fluid, or makes it to guide to liquid level entering atmosphere.2. measuring pressure basis platform (3-02), plane on it is through calibration and mozzle parallel axes; (4-01 is a level like the instrument base plate; 9 piezometric tube are under the situation of closing gate valve (2-12-2), and liquid level should be on sustained height, not so will adjust three burr adjustable tail margins under the base plate.Once leveling, can not move again.Also must not the movable base plate position, in the leveling process, have indivedual piezometric surfaces and do not wait highly, explain that this inner air tube does not drain, must be once more to its exhaust, high until waiting.In the horizontal adjustment process, always first go up and then down, the water tank of voltage regulation water level is risen to more than the 250mm at least, treat piezometric surface on a level, reduce the required head height of spilling water cup to each experiment again.But valve exhaust is arranged out therebetween.
(1) Bernoulli equation experiment
Bernoulli equation is the most basic in the fluid mechanics, most important equation.In inertial system, when ideal fluid under action of gravity during steady flow, corresponding pressure, the flow velocity of each spatial point do not change in time on certain streamline, should satisfy
Or
More than two formulas be called Bernoulli equation.
When the checking following formula, under steady flow, carry out, promptly fluid is in laminar condition, and its criterion is a Reynolds number:
Here get Reynolds number R
e=2300 (dimensionless numbers), d gets the mozzle internal diameter, and η, ρ are the coefficient of viscosity and the density of fluid.
υ is rate of flow of fluid (upper limit).
Characteristics are: under different head height, can repeat above-mentioned experiment, experimental precision is higher.
(2) the permanent mobile Bernoulli of ideal fluid (energy) equation experiment.
The Bernoulli equation of experiment (1) is a perfect condition, does not have energy loss.Be practically impossible.
This experiment (2) is exactly to deepen convection cell energy loss h in flow process
wUnderstanding; And the measurement technical ability of some parameters (like flow velocity, flow, static pressure, total head) during further grasp is flowed.
The Bernoulli energy equation is arranged this moment:
Here z
1Be head height, P
1Be static pressure, γ is a fluid severe, and α is an efflux coefficient,
Energy loss for energy 1-i cross section.I=2,3,4 wherein ... N; Get α
1=α
2=...=α
n=1
This experiment calculates the different gross head of each point, thereby can be clear that the loss of energy through three different head conversion.And when pipeline marks Peak Flow Rate the change curve of stagnation pressure and static pressure.
Characteristics are: can observe under different head effects the different-energy loss of different in flow rate.
(3) checking of pool Xiao Ye formula
Pool Xiao Ye thinks does not have pressure reduction then can not flow by the fluid in the stream pipe between the upstream and downstream.This has just remedied the limitation of Bernoulli equation, and its pool Xiao Ye formula is:
In the formula: Q is a flow, and R is the radius of stream pipe, and l is two pressure tap p
1(upper reaches) and p
2Length between (downstream), p
1, p
2Be the pressure between two pressure taps, η is the coefficient of viscosity of fluid.Attention: fluid must satisfy laminar condition.
This be this instrument unique experimental project.
(4) Pitot pipe velocity measurement experiment
In this experimental provision, be equipped with total head and static tube, in theory they all form Pitot to the pipe, according to this to the Bernoulli equation that pipe is listed, flow velocity is arranged:
According to the calibration experiment, confirm its correction factor Φ, following formula becomes:
Δ h is the poor of total head and static pressure head in the formula.
The modern means that test the speed more (as with sound, light), but also handy sometimes Pitot manages calibration.Manage velocity measurement with Pilot, though be tradition, very perfect.This method has simple in structure, and is easy to use, and measuring accuracy is high, characteristics such as stable performance.
Claims (4)
1. a L-II fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument is made up of water system, the circulation system, reducing mozzle, pressure measurement part and base, and be characterized in: each part at mozzle has all increased a dynamic pressure tube and a static tube, has constituted the Pitot pipe.
2. according to the said fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument of claim 1; Its characteristic also comprises flow guide system; Three reducing mozzles (2-2-1), mozzle (2-2-2), mozzle (2-2-3) have been formed the static pressure and the dynamic pressure of each section face, and the ratio of three reducing mozzle internal diameters has satisfied the relation between flow velocity and the pressure; And formed the pitot pipe by a static tube and a dynamic pressure tube, the assurance instrument can be offered multinomial experiment.
3. fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument according to claim 1, its characteristic also comprises the automatic circulating system of current: water-feeding system (S1-14), drainage system (1-08) have constituted any circulation of current on experiment table.
4. fluid mechanics comprehensive test instrument according to claim 1; Its characteristics comprise voltage stabilizing, overflow system water tank of voltage regulation (1-03), drain tank (1-08), spilling water cup (1-04); Water tank of voltage regulation (1-03) has guaranteed the static of head; To satisfy experiment condition, spilling water bosom (1-04) is free adjustable in water tank, has guaranteed to test and can under different heads, carry out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201033521U CN202258045U (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | L-II fluid mechanics integrated testing instrument |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201033521U CN202258045U (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | L-II fluid mechanics integrated testing instrument |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102982710A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-03-20 | 济南大学 | Reynolds experiment apparatus |
| CN103680266A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 北京理工大学 | Small-size hydromechanics experimental apparatus |
| CN104064096A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Novel hydrodynamic lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104064097A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Hydrodynamic lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104064098A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Multifunctional fluid dynamic pressure lubricating demonstration instrument |
| CN104064095A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Hydrodynamic pressure lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104599567A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Multifunctional fluid mechanics experimental device |
| CN104778882A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江大学 | Special colored water siphon valve type electronic control feeder for Reynolds experiment and method thereof |
| CN105118359A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-02 | 山东大学 | Flat plate flow fluid experiment device |
| CN105575230A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-05-11 | 鲁东大学 | Pipeline-sectional-area-adjustable hydromechanics experiment table |
| CN106816065A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-06-09 | 陈炳坤 | Bernoulli equation experimental instrument and the method that Bernoulli equation is verified using it |
-
2011
- 2011-04-11 CN CN2011201033521U patent/CN202258045U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102982710A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-03-20 | 济南大学 | Reynolds experiment apparatus |
| CN103680266A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 北京理工大学 | Small-size hydromechanics experimental apparatus |
| CN104064096B (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of hydrldynamic pressure lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104064097B (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Hydrldynamic pressure lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104064098A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Multifunctional fluid dynamic pressure lubricating demonstration instrument |
| CN104064095A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Hydrodynamic pressure lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104064097A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Hydrodynamic lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104064096A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Novel hydrodynamic lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104064095B (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of hydrldynamic pressure lubrication demonstrator |
| CN104599567A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Multifunctional fluid mechanics experimental device |
| CN104778882A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江大学 | Special colored water siphon valve type electronic control feeder for Reynolds experiment and method thereof |
| CN104778882B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-09-29 | 浙江大学 | The special-purpose colored automatically controlled feeder of water siphon valve-type of reynolds experiment and its method |
| CN105118359A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-02 | 山东大学 | Flat plate flow fluid experiment device |
| CN105575230A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-05-11 | 鲁东大学 | Pipeline-sectional-area-adjustable hydromechanics experiment table |
| CN105575230B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-12-26 | 鲁东大学 | A kind of pipe section accumulates adjustable hydrodynamic calculations platform |
| CN106816065A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-06-09 | 陈炳坤 | Bernoulli equation experimental instrument and the method that Bernoulli equation is verified using it |
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Legal Events
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120530 Termination date: 20130411 |