CN215812856U - Intraductal fluid speed sensor is used in teaching - Google Patents
Intraductal fluid speed sensor is used in teaching Download PDFInfo
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- CN215812856U CN215812856U CN202121454765.4U CN202121454765U CN215812856U CN 215812856 U CN215812856 U CN 215812856U CN 202121454765 U CN202121454765 U CN 202121454765U CN 215812856 U CN215812856 U CN 215812856U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of experimental instruments, in particular to a speed measuring device for fluid in a pipe for teaching, which comprises an experimental water tank, a water conveying pipe, a static pressure pipe, a total pressure pipe, a flow measuring bent pipe, a U-shaped pressure gauge and a measuring cylinder, wherein the water conveying pipe is connected with a water outlet of the experimental water tank through a mounting adjusting valve, the flow measuring bent pipe is a right-angle bent pipe formed by a vertical part and a horizontal part which are mutually communicated, the vertical part is inserted in the total pressure hole, the U-shaped pressure gauge is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the experimental water tank, and the total pressure pipe and the static pressure pipe are respectively communicated with two pressure measuring interfaces on the U-shaped pressure gauge. By arranging an integral structure consisting of a static pressure pipe, a water delivery pipe, a flow measurement bent pipe and a total pressure pipe, the research on the distribution rule, the error and the uncertainty of the flow velocity of fluid in the pipe can be carried out by simulating the pitot tube and matching with the pitot tube with components such as a U-shaped pressure gauge, an experimental water tank and the like, so that students can deepen the understanding and the application of textbook knowledge and improve the manual ability, and the theory is combined with the practice.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of experimental instruments, in particular to a teaching in-tube fluid speed measuring device.
Background
Along with the development of the oil industry, pipeline fluid tests the speed also more and more important, as the student of relevant specialty, just learned the theoretical knowledge about distribution of pipeline fluid speed and testing the speed in books at ordinary times, do not understand the practicality and the field of this principle deeply, there is not special relevant experimental apparatus among the prior art, in order to make classmates can deepen understanding and application to textbook knowledge and improve the hands-on ability, combine the practice with the theory, consequently it is necessary to design an experimental apparatus that simulates pipeline fluid tests the speed, supply classmates to carry out the experiment and explore, mr develops corresponding experimental teaching.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a speed measuring device for fluid in a pipe for teaching, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problem that no experimental device with a simple structure exists in the prior art, so that students and teachers can fully explore the flow velocity distribution rule of the fluid in the pipe.
The purpose of the application is realized as follows: the in-pipe fluid speed measuring device for teaching comprises an experimental water tank, a water conveying pipe, a static pressure pipe, a total pressure pipe, a flow measuring bent pipe, a U-shaped pressure gauge and a measuring cylinder, wherein a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the experimental water tank, a water inlet is also arranged on the experimental water tank, a port at one side of the water conveying pipe is connected with the water outlet of the experimental water tank through an installation adjusting valve, total pressure holes and static pressure holes are distributed at intervals on the pipe wall at the upper end of the water conveying pipe, the flow measuring bent pipe is a right-angle bent pipe consisting of a vertical part and a horizontal part which are mutually communicated, the vertical part is inserted in the total pressure holes, a sealing sleeve is arranged between the total pressure holes and the outer wall of the vertical part, the horizontal part is positioned in the water conveying pipe, the port of the horizontal part faces one side of the water outlet of the experimental water tank, the port of the horizontal part is positioned under the static pressure holes, the U-shaped pressure gauge is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the experimental water tank, the experimental water tank is a transparent box body, a water level scale line is arranged on the outer wall of the experimental water tank, the U-shaped pressure gauge is provided with a first pressure measuring interface and a second pressure measuring interface, a port on one side of the total pressure pipe is communicated with the first pressure measuring interface, a port on the other side of the total pressure pipe is communicated with a port on the vertical part of the flow measuring bent pipe, a port on one side of the static pressure pipe is communicated with the second pressure measuring interface, and a port on the other side of the static pressure pipe is communicated with the static pressure hole.
The following are further optimization or/and improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model: further, still include the bent pipe fixer, the bent pipe fixer comprises grudging post, clip, and the clip sets firmly on the grudging post, and the inboard of two clamping pieces is provided with the cylindric appearance of arc recess in order to correspond the vertical portion of flow measurement return bend on the clip, and the arc recess internal stability has soft bullet gasket.
Furthermore, the experimental water tank is arranged on the supporting plate in a sitting mode.
Further, still include the laboratory bench, experiment water tank, raceway lay in proper order on the mesa of laboratory bench from a left side to the right side, and the length direction along the raceway still interval is provided with a plurality of pipe props, and the pipe props includes the support, is connected with the arc buckle of recess form at the top an organic whole of support, and arc buckle chucking is on the outer wall of raceway, and the bottom of support sets firmly on the mesa of laboratory bench, has still set firmly the drainage basin at the right side end of laboratory bench.
Further, still include circulation tank, the last circulating pump that installs of circulation tank, the pumping end of circulating pump is linked together with circulation tank's inside, and the play water end of circulating pump is connected with the water inlet pipe of experiment water tank, still is provided with water filling port and drain valve on circulation tank.
The utility model has reasonable and compact structure, can be used for researching the distribution rule, error and uncertainty of the flow velocity of fluid in the tube by arranging the integral structure consisting of the static pressure tube, the water delivery tube, the flow measuring bent tube and the total pressure tube and matching with the pitot tube, and the components such as the U-shaped pressure gauge, the experimental water tank and the like, has the characteristics of intuition and easy operation, can deepen the understanding and the application of textbook knowledge and improve the practical ability of students, combines theories with practice, and has strong practicability.
Drawings
The specific structure of the application is given by the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a teaching in-tube fluid velocity measurement device;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the clip construction;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pipe support.
Legend: 1. experiment water tank, 2, raceway, 3, static pressure pipe, 4, total pressure pipe, 5, flow measurement return bend, 6, U type pressure gauge, 7, elbow fixer, 8, adjusting valve, 9, vertical portion, 10, horizontal part, 11, water level scale mark, 12, first pressure measurement interface, 13, second pressure measurement interface, 14, grudging post, 15, clamping piece, 16, arc recess, 17, soft bullet gasket, 18, backup pad, 19, landing leg, 20, spirit level, 21, laboratory bench, 22, support, 23, arc buckle, 24, drainage basin, 25, circulating water tank, 26, circulating pump, 27, drain valve, 28, height scale mark, 29, seal cover.
Detailed Description
The present application is not limited to the following examples, and specific implementations may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present application.
In the present invention, for convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of the components is described according to the layout pattern of fig. 1 of the specification, such as: the positional relationship of up, down, left, right, etc. is determined in accordance with the layout direction of fig. 1 in the specification.
The utility model is further described below with reference to examples and figures, examples being: as shown in the attached drawings 1 to 4, the device for measuring the velocity of fluid in a pipe for teaching comprises an experimental water tank 1, a water pipe 2, a static pressure pipe 3, a total pressure pipe 4, a flow measurement elbow pipe 5, a U-shaped pressure gauge 6 and a measuring cylinder, wherein a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the experimental water tank 1, a water inlet is also arranged on the experimental water tank 1, a port at one side of the water pipe 2 is connected with the water outlet of the experimental water tank 1 through an installation adjusting valve 8, total pressure holes and static pressure holes are distributed at intervals on the upper pipe wall of the water pipe 2, the flow measurement elbow pipe 5 is a right-angle elbow pipe consisting of a vertical part 9 and a horizontal part 10 which are mutually communicated, the vertical part 9 is inserted in the total pressure holes, a sealing sleeve 29 is arranged between the total pressure holes and the outer wall of the vertical part 9, the horizontal part 10 is positioned in the water pipe 2, the port of the horizontal part 10 faces one side of the water outlet of the experimental water tank 1, and the port of the horizontal part 10 is positioned right below the static pressure holes, the U-shaped pressure gauge 6 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the experiment water tank 1, the experiment water tank 1 is a transparent tank body, a water level scale mark 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the experiment water tank 1, a first pressure measuring interface 12 and a second pressure measuring interface 13 are arranged on the U-shaped pressure gauge 6, one side port of the total pressure pipe 4 is communicated with the first pressure measuring interface 12, the other side port of the total pressure pipe 4 is communicated with the upper port of the vertical part 9 of the flow measuring bent pipe 5, one side port of the static pressure pipe 3 is communicated with the second pressure measuring interface 13, and the other side port of the static pressure pipe 3 is communicated with the static pressure hole.
Before the device is used for carrying out experiment exploration on the characteristics of fluid in the pipe, the device is correctly assembled, then the water inlet of the experimental water tank 1 is connected with the water faucet pipe, the tail end water outlet of the water pipe 2 is led into a sewer, then the water faucet and the regulating valve 8 are opened, and after the water level in the experimental water tank 1 and the water flow in the water pipe 2 are stable, relevant exploration experiments are carried out. The static pressure pipe 3 connected with the static pressure hole is vertical to the water pipe 2, the sealing sleeve 29 is made of elastic deformable materials and is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical part 9, so that the functions of sealing gaps and preventing water flow from overflowing can be achieved, the static pressure pipe can move along with the vertical insertion and extraction of the flow measurement bent pipe 5 under the action of external force, and the height scale mark 28 is arranged on the outer wall of the sealing sleeve 29, so that the upper, middle and lower positions of the flow measurement bent pipe 5 in the water pipe 2 can be accurately positioned, and the integral structure formed by the static pressure pipe 3, the water pipe 2 and the total pressure pipe 4 is equivalent to a simple pitot tube.
Exploring the flow velocity distribution rule of fluid in a pipe: our principle of measuring flow rate from fluid mechanics, i.e. bernoulli equation: (
) Starting from this, the general principle of liquid flow rate in the pitot tube can be deduced
，
The total pressure of fluid in the pipe at the position S below the static pressure hole in the water conveying pipe 2,
the two pressure measuring ports of the U-shaped pressure gauge 6 are respectively connected with the static pressure pipe 3 and the total pressure pipe 4, so that the pressure difference between the static pressure and the total pressure can be displayed
(that is to say
-
) The medium for measuring the flow rate in the experiment is clean water at the normal pressure of 15 ℃, the water level in the experiment water tank 1 can be respectively kept at 4cm, 8cm, 12cm, 16cm, 20cm and 24cm by controlling the openness of the faucet and the regulating valve 8, and the pressure difference of the straight pipe part at different heights (upper, middle and lower) from the pipe wall of the water pipe 2 under different water levels can be obtained by regulating the plugging depth of the flow measuring bent pipe 5 in the water pipe 2
Due to acceleration of gravity
With the severity of water
All are constants, so that the flow rate data under different water levels and at different measuring points can be obtained
By analyzing the experimental data, we can obtain the general rule of the flow velocity of the fluid in the pipe, that is, the flow velocity of the fluid at the axis of the water pipe 2 is the maximum, and the flow velocity of the fluid is gradually reduced along the upper side and the lower side of the axis, and the general rule is obtained in such a way
Is a theoretical value.
Error and uncertainty exploration: the maximum flow velocity of the laminar flow of the fluid in the pipe can be obtained by the Stokes formula
Average flow velocity of fluid in cross section of pipe
It can be seen that, as can be seen,
the flow rate flowing out of the water pipe 2 within a period of time can be accessed at the water outlet at the tail end of the water pipe by using the measuring cylinder and the stopwatch
According to the formula
The volume flow per unit time can be determined
Then according to the formula
Determining the average flow velocity at the tube cross section
，
Is the cross-sectional area of the water pipe 2, which can be easily calculated according to the inner diameter of the water pipe 2, and finally according to the inner diameter of the water pipe 2
The maximum flow rate of the fluid can be obtained
In this way, it is possible to obtain the water level at which the water level in the experimental water tank 1 is maintained at 4cm, 8cm, 12cm, 16cm, 20cm, and 24cm, respectively
Thus obtained
Is a measured value, as used herein
Data and maximum obtained above
And comparing the data, analyzing the reasons of error generation, and then obtaining the corresponding measurement precision and uncertainty by using a related calculation formula. The water inlet also sets up in the bottom of experiment water tank 1 preferably, can avoid the interior liquid level of experiment water tank 1 to produce undulantly like this to the at utmost, and then causes the undulant error of reading.
According to actual needs, the teaching in-pipe fluid speed measuring device is further optimized or/and improved: further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the bending pipe fixing device 7 further comprises a bending pipe fixing device 7, the bending pipe fixing device 7 is composed of a vertical frame 14 and a clamp, the clamp is fixedly arranged on the vertical frame 14, arc-shaped grooves 16 are formed in the inner sides of two clamping pieces 15 on the clamp and correspond to the cylindrical shape of the vertical portion 9 of the flow measuring bent pipe 5, and soft elastic gaskets 17 are fixedly arranged in the arc-shaped grooves 16.
The clamp is the known technique in prior art, and when using, grudging post 14 erects on the mesa of test bench, and the clamp presss from both sides tightly on the vertical portion 9 of flow measurement return bend 5, through setting up bent pipe fixer 7, can effectively fix flow measurement return bend 5, ensures that the vertical portion 9 is further stable at the depth of insertion in always the pressure port, avoids it to produce great rocking or takes place the side deviation to can further ensure the accuracy of final experimental data.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the experimental water tank further comprises a leveling base, the leveling base comprises a supporting plate 18 and a plurality of supporting legs 19 which are arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate 18 and have adjustable heights, a level gauge 20 is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 18, and the experimental water tank 1 is seated on the supporting plate 18.
Through setting up leveling base and spirit level 20, can carry out the leveling effectively to experiment water tank 1, ensure that the water level liquid level in experiment water tank 1 and U type pressure gauge 6 liquid level are in the horizontality to reduce the error of reading.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the test bench further comprises a test bench 21, the test water tank 1 and the water pipe 2 are sequentially arranged on the table top of the test bench 21 from left to right, a plurality of pipe supports are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the water pipe 2, each pipe support comprises a support 22, a groove-shaped arc buckle 23 is integrally connected to the top of each support 22, the arc buckles 23 are tightly clamped on the outer wall of the water pipe 2, the bottom of each support 22 is fixedly arranged on the table top of the test bench, and a water drainage pool 24 is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the right side of the test bench.
Through setting up the laboratory bench 21 that matches with this speed sensor, can effectively increase the convenience of student and mr in the experimentation, if put the laboratory supplies, carry out filling in of relevant experimental data form etc, because raceway 2 has certain length and raceway 2 itself and has a take the altitude apart from the test bench mesa, especially after having increased the leveling base, this unsettled distance can further increase, can effectively support and further increase the stability of raceway 2 through setting up the pipe brace, avoid it to take place to buckle at the in-process of water conveyance, ensure the security of device, from the terminal delivery port exhaust water of raceway 2, finally flow into with be linked together in the drainage basin 24 of sewer.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the experimental water tank further comprises a circulating water tank 25, a circulating pump 26 is installed on the circulating water tank 25, a water pumping end of the circulating pump 26 is communicated with the inside of the circulating water tank 25, a water outlet end of the circulating pump 26 is connected with a water inlet pipe of the experimental water tank 1, and a water injection port and a drain valve 27 are further arranged on the circulating water tank 25.
If in directly introducing the sewer with the water in raceway 2, then can very waste water resource, consequently, designed circulation tank 25 that has circulating pump 26, make originally discharge from raceway 2 and enter into the water in the sewer, enter into circulation tank 25 in, reentrant the experiment water tank 1 with water by circulation pump 26 in with reuse, can effectively avoid a large amount of wastes of water resource like this, at this in-process, through the tap aperture of control and water filling port union coupling and the aperture of experiment water tank 1 delivery port department regulating valve 8, can make the water level in the experiment water tank 1 be in dynamic balance, drain valve 27 then is for convenience after the experiment, the water in the evacuation circulation tank 25.
The foregoing description is by way of example only and is not intended as limiting the embodiments of the present application. All obvious variations and modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A speed measuring device for fluid in a pipe for teaching is characterized by comprising an experimental water tank, a water conveying pipe, a static pressure pipe, a total pressure pipe, a flow measuring bent pipe, a U-shaped pressure gauge and a measuring cylinder, wherein a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the experimental water tank, a water inlet is further formed in the experimental water tank, a port on one side of the water conveying pipe is connected with the water outlet of the experimental water tank through a mounting adjusting valve, total pressure holes and static pressure holes are distributed at intervals on the pipe wall of the upper end of the water conveying pipe, the flow measuring bent pipe is a right-angle bent pipe formed by a vertical part and a horizontal part which are mutually communicated, the vertical part is inserted in the total pressure holes, a sealing sleeve is arranged between the total pressure holes and the outer wall of the vertical part, the horizontal part is positioned in the water conveying pipe, the port of the horizontal part faces one side of the water outlet of the experimental water tank, the port of the horizontal part is positioned right below the static pressure holes, the U-shaped pressure gauge is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the experimental water tank, the experimental water tank is a transparent box, the outer wall of the experimental water tank is provided with a water level scale mark, the U-shaped pressure gauge is provided with a first pressure measuring interface and a second pressure measuring interface, a port on one side of the total pressure pipe is communicated with the first pressure measuring interface, a port on the other side of the total pressure pipe is communicated with a port on the vertical part of the flow measuring bent pipe, a port on one side of the static pressure pipe is communicated with the second pressure measuring interface, and a port on the other side of the static pressure pipe is communicated with the static pressure hole.
2. The device for measuring the speed of fluid in a tube for teaching according to claim 1, further comprising a tube fixer, wherein the tube fixer is composed of a stand and a clamp, the clamp is fixed on the stand, the inner sides of two clamping pieces on the clamp are provided with arc-shaped grooves corresponding to the cylindrical shape of the vertical part of the flow measuring bent tube, and soft elastic gaskets are fixed in the arc-shaped grooves.
3. The device for measuring the speed of fluid in a pipe for teaching according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a leveling base, wherein the leveling base comprises a supporting plate and a plurality of supporting legs which are arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate and have adjustable heights, a level gauge is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate, and the experimental water tank is arranged on the supporting plate in a sitting mode.
4. The device for measuring the speed of fluid in a pipe for teaching according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a test bench, wherein the test water tank and the water pipe are sequentially arranged on the table top of the test bench from left to right, a plurality of pipe supports are further arranged along the length direction of the water pipe at intervals, each pipe support comprises a support, a groove-shaped arc-shaped buckle is integrally connected to the top of each support, the arc-shaped buckles are tightly clamped on the outer wall of the water pipe, the bottom of each support is fixedly arranged on the table top of the test bench, and a drainage pool is further fixedly arranged at the tail end of the right side of the test bench.
5. The device for measuring the speed of fluid in a tube for teaching according to claim 3, further comprising a test bench, wherein the test water tank and the water delivery tube are sequentially arranged on a table top of the test bench from left to right, a plurality of tube supports are further arranged at intervals along the length direction of the water delivery tube, each tube support comprises a support, a groove-shaped arc-shaped buckle is integrally connected to the top of each support, each arc-shaped buckle is tightly clamped on the outer wall of the water delivery tube, the bottom of each support is fixedly arranged on the table top of the test bench, and a drainage pool is further fixedly arranged at the tail end of the right side of the test bench.
6. The device for measuring the speed of fluid in a pipe for teaching according to claim 1, 2 or 5, further comprising a circulating water tank, wherein a circulating pump is installed on the circulating water tank, a water pumping end of the circulating pump is communicated with the inside of the circulating water tank, a water outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with a water inlet pipe of the experimental water tank, and a water filling port and a water discharging valve are further arranged on the circulating water tank.
7. The device for measuring the speed of fluid in a tube for teaching according to claim 3, further comprising a circulating water tank, wherein the circulating water tank is provided with a circulating pump, a water pumping end of the circulating pump is communicated with the inside of the circulating water tank, a water outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with a water inlet pipe of the experimental water tank, and the circulating water tank is further provided with a water injection port and a water discharge valve.
8. The device for measuring the speed of fluid in a tube for teaching according to claim 4, further comprising a circulating water tank, wherein the circulating water tank is provided with a circulating pump, a water pumping end of the circulating pump is communicated with the inside of the circulating water tank, a water outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with a water inlet pipe of the experimental water tank, and the circulating water tank is further provided with a water injection port and a water discharge valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121454765.4U CN215812856U (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Intraductal fluid speed sensor is used in teaching |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121454765.4U CN215812856U (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Intraductal fluid speed sensor is used in teaching |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215812856U true CN215812856U (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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ID=80179273
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| CN202121454765.4U Active CN215812856U (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Intraductal fluid speed sensor is used in teaching |
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2021
- 2021-06-29 CN CN202121454765.4U patent/CN215812856U/en active Active
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