CN202208693U - Particle medicinal fertilizer of core-shell structure - Google Patents
Particle medicinal fertilizer of core-shell structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN202208693U CN202208693U CN201120241158XU CN201120241158U CN202208693U CN 202208693 U CN202208693 U CN 202208693U CN 201120241158X U CN201120241158X U CN 201120241158XU CN 201120241158 U CN201120241158 U CN 201120241158U CN 202208693 U CN202208693 U CN 202208693U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a stable controlled-release particle medicinal fertilizer. The medicinal fertilizer is of a core shell structure and in a particle shape and is composed of pesticide powder and a shell, wherein the pesticide powder is absorbed by fertilizer and microcapsule pesticide or porous materials. By adopting the stable controlled release particle medicinal fertilizer, the pesticide and fertilizer can stably exist and be released slowly, so that the time of pesticide application and fertilizer application can be reduced, and the fieldwork is saved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to controlled release granule medicine fertilizer and the working method that integrates nutrition, pesticide-germicide effect, particularly particulate state medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Agriculture chemical is the base substance guarantee of agriculture prodn and grain security.Agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer are generally all independent in the traditional agricultural production process uses or existing mixed existing usefulness, not only bother, and often because use the inhomogeneous bad even generation poisoning of effect that causes with.Modern agriculture is to support and drive with powerful technology, in order to realize the sustainable development of agricultural. medicine fertilizer is a kind of new trial.All existing between fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, soil and the crop indirectly or directly influences.Study the relation between them, in agriculture prodn, carry out agricultural chemicals, fertilizer is used with or be used in combination, and two operation stepss in field are united two into one; Save labour, time, the energy, reduced production cost, can avoid the antagonistic action between agricultural chemicals, fertilizer to reach detrimentally affect crop; Increase the synergy between them; Reduce the consumption of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer, obtain best effect, thus the output of protection environment, raising plant.Along with the development of agriculture prodn, scientific and technical improves constantly, and the research that medicine is fertile causes the concern of more and more Chinese scholars.At present, oneself becomes a huge fertilizer industry branch the fertile mixture of external medicine, and various in style, consumption increases year by year.Fertile research also rests on the preliminary stage to medicine in China, remains to be greatly developed.We find simply agricultural chemicals and fertilizer to be mixed very instability in putting into practice work, and the lasting period is shorter, can not reach requirements of actual production.
Report about the fertile aspect of controlled release medicine is less.Patent " a kind of microcapsule insecticide-fertilizer preparation " (application number: 200910094297.1) disclose a kind of microcapsule insecticide
Fertile preparation and its production and application, this product has only carried out slowly-releasing to agricultural chemicals, and fertilizer is not had slowly-releasing; And the slow releasing function to agricultural chemicals is limited, and the capsule skin described in the literary composition mainly plays a part shielding, does not have the purpose of real controlled release; Do not reach dispenser fertilizer one time, one season effective aim.(application number: 200620170623.4), the sandwich layer of this product just mixes fertilizer and simple pesticide preparation patent " new drug fertilizer ", and agricultural chemicals and fertilizer simply mix most less stable; Be prone to cause agricultural chemicals to decompose; Urine aldehyde slow released urea layer 2 exist the author to think neither be very necessary, and increased production cost because coating layer oneself play the effect of slowly-releasing; And fertilizer and agricultural chemicals all are to discharge simultaneously in this product, and the time of required agricultural chemicals of crop and fertilizer maybe be inconsistent.
Oneself has done many researchs aspect medicine fertilizer in my company; Document " development of the fertile mixture of weeding type particle medicine " (" chemical industry mineral and processing " the 5th phase in 2008); Patent " the fertile and method that prepare medicine fertilizer of a kind of medicine " (application number: 200810132625.8) all report the correlative study of my company; But crop is different to the required time of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer sometimes; So reach the sustained release of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer through controlled-release technology, the pests occurrence rule and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of itself and disease and pest are matched, be one of fertile later developing direction of medicine.
The utility model has following advantage with respect to 200910094297.1 with 200620170623.4 these two patents: the utility model is earlier pesticide processing to be become microencapsulation of pesticide or be mixed together with fertilizer behind the pesticide powder of porous material absorption again, and main effect has:
1, reaches agricultural chemicals and the mixed stability of depositing of fertilizer through microcapsule cyst wall or porous material; Because become general emulsifying agent, liquid preparation, pulvis to mix with fertilizer again pesticide processing; The stability of its agricultural chemicals seldom can reach the administrative provisions of now relevant agricultural chemicals; So product is difficult to commercialization, mix like diazinon missible oil and fertilizer that rate of decomposition just reaches more than 90% after one month.
2, prolong the validity period of agricultural chemicals, many plant growth later stages do not need fertilizer basically, or fertilizer can satisfy fully in the dependence soil, but the disease and pest in crop later stage is also usually relatively serious: like the sugarcane aphid.And crop needs fertilizer many general early stage, and the later stage needs fertile few, but disease and pest is just in time opposite; It is general that disease and pest is less relatively in earlier stage; The disease and pest in later stage is relatively more, and microencapsulation of pesticide of the utility model or the validity period that can be prolonged agricultural chemicals by the pesticide powder of porous material absorption are like the sugarcane district in Guangxi; After the product of producing with the utility model uses March, the sugarcane aphid in November is still had effect preferably.
The utility model content
The utility model technical problem to be solved is the stability that solution fertilizer and agricultural chemicals mix, and realizes that the may command of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer discharges.Reach or reach basically one time one season of dispenser effective aim.
The utility model provides a kind of stable controlled release granule medicine fertile.
The utility model purpose is to provide a kind of medicine fertile, it is characterized in that: medicine is fertile in nucleocapsid structure, preferably is particulate state.
The nuclear that said medicine is fertile is mixed by fertilizer and agricultural chemicals to be formed, and said agricultural chemicals is the microcapsule formulation or the mesoporous material absorption controlled release preparation formulation of agricultural chemicals.
The skin of the fertile nuclear of said medicine is the shell as controlled release layer.
Said fertilizer comprises one or more in single NPK, composite fertilizer, fertilizer (preferred amino acid fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, seaweed fertilizer, chitin fertilizer), middle trace element fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, the rare earth etc., can be according to nutrient uptake feature and the soil supplying nutrient capability adjustment of crop.
Said agricultural chemicals is sterilant, sterilant, plant-growth regulator or their combination.Be preferably the control diseases and pests of agronomic crop desinsection, sterilant microcapsule formulation or by the pesticide powder after the porous material absorption.
Said farm chemical ingredients can be according to a situation arises the adjustment of the disease and pest of crop; Above-mentioned sterilant is preferred for killing subterranean pest-insect maybe can be made for the sterilant of inhaling conduction in the thing; More preferably in diazinon, Chlorpyrifos 94, Volaton, fluorine worm nitrile, desinsection list, disosultap, carbosulfan, benfuracarb, cartap, Rynaxypyr, fipronil bisamide, Provado, thiophene worm piperazine, pyrrole aphid ketone, Ti304, Avrmectin, the lythidathion etc. one or more;
Described sterilant is preferably the sterilant that can kill soil-borne disease or can be inhaled conduction in the crop; More preferably triazole species such as flutriafol, tebuconazole, difenoconazole; Methoxy acrylic such as ICIA 5504, BAS 490F, pyraclostrobin; Amides such as rice blast acid amides, fultolanil, HSDB 6915, other type is like thiophanate_methyl, malicious fluorine phosphorus, amino-oligosaccharide, fenaminosulf 、 hymexazo etc.;
Described plant-growth regulator can be PP-333, sodium nitrophenolate, naphthylacetic acid, amine DA-6 etc.
As the controlled release layer of shell mainly is the slow release of control agricultural chemicals, fertilizer, and the pests occurrence rule and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of itself and crop pest are matched; The material of said shell be used for paint or other film forming macromolecular material or other film-formable on-macromolecular material one or more; Be preferably macromolecule resin, POLYACTIC ACIDs such as siccative oil, gelatin, Mierocrystalline cellulose and modifier, starch and modifier, rosin and modifier thereof, pitch, paraffin, urethane resin, and inorganic silicate, sulphur coating, humic acids etc.
The fertile preparation method of a kind of above-mentioned medicine is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A) the sustained release preparation of preparation pesticide micro capsule preparation or mesoporous material absorption;
B) agricultural chemicals and the fertilizer of step a) preparation is mixed;
C) use film forming material to step b) gained mixture dressing, it is fertile promptly to get said medicine.
The weight ratio of said nucleome and shell can be according to the needs adjustment of producing.
The fertile particle of medicine of the present invention have with prior art in the similar particle diameter of compound fertilizer granules.
The fertile method of use of a kind of above-mentioned medicine is characterized in that said medicine fertilizer can use separately, also can be according to regulation of fertilizer requirement and other fertilizer or the pesticide combination use of crop.
The utility model product uses when seeding crops, transplanting or ridging, once uses, and a season is effective.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model product, and wherein 1 is fertilizer and other auxiliary agent, and 2 be microencapsulation of pesticide or by the powder pesticide after the porous material absorption, 3 is the nuclear that comprises agricultural chemicals, fertilizer and other auxiliary agent, the 4th, and as the shell of controlled release layer.
Embodiment
The utility model is done further description according to following embodiment, and what those skilled in the art can understand is that following embodiment only plays the effect of explanation to the utility model.Under the prerequisite that does not deviate from the utility model spirit, any improvement that the utility model is done and substituting all within the scope that the utility model is protected.
The structure that the medicine of the utility model is fertile is as shown in Figure 1.This medicine fertilizer is nucleocapsid structure, preferably is particulate state, and the nuclear that forms by fertilizer and microencapsulation of pesticide pulvis or by the mixture pelleting of the pesticide powder of porous material absorption and be coated on that nucleome is outer to be formed as the shell of controlled release layer.
Further specify through embodiment below:
Pesticide powder among the embodiment is agricultural chemicals and kaolin mixing are pulverized to be formed (when pesticide original medicine adds an amount of WHITE CARBON BLACK during for liquid).Various starting material are the commercially available prod among the embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A, prepared beforehand go out the diazinon microcapsule, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.(the interfacial polymerization preparation that " pesticides new formulation " book that the publication Zhou Benxin of employing Chemical Industry Press etc. writes is introduced)
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg): get urea 300Kg, ammonium chloride 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg; Repone K 220Kg, borax 10Kg, above-mentioned diazinon microcapsule 30Kg; Sodium nitrophenolate naphthylacetic acid mixture (2: 1) 0.2Kg; Kaolin is supplied, and gets granulation in above-mentioned material pulverizing, the mixing adding granulating disc, is drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: epoxy resin liquid 20Kg (by epoxy resin E44, polyamide resin 650 is formulated with YLENE) is sprayed onto above-mentioned particle surface forms controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 2:
A, prepared beforehand obtain Rynaxypyr microcapsule, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.(the spraying drying coating preparation that " pesticides new formulation " book that the publication Zhou Benxin of employing Chemical Industry Press etc. writes is introduced)
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg):
Get urea 500Kg, an ammonium 180Kg, Repone K 180Kg, water glass 40Kg; Above-mentioned Rynaxypyr microcapsule 30Kg, PP-333 0.3Kg, kaolin is supplied; Get above-mentioned material pulverizing, mixing, add granulation in the cylinder tablets press, be drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: adopt Sulfur that above-mentioned particle is carried out dressing and form controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
This product is used in paddy rice, whole season of evidence paddy rice any snout moth's larva was not taken place, increasing production of rice 6.8% in the Nanning in 2009.
Embodiment 3:
A, prepared beforehand obtain tebuconazole microcapsule pulvis, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.(the spraying drying coating preparation that " pesticides new formulation " book that the publication Zhou Benxin of employing Chemical Industry Press etc. writes is introduced)
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg):
Get urea 200Kg, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 200Kg, an ammonium 180Kg; Repone K 180Kg, humic acids 120Kg, above-mentioned tebuconazole microcapsule 30Kg; Kaolin is supplied, and gets above-mentioned material mixing, pulverizes granulation in the adding cylinder tablets press, is drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: modified vegetable oil 20Kg is sprayed onto above-mentioned particle surface forms controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
This product is used in paddy rice, whole season of evidence paddy rice disease did not take place, increasing production of rice 5.3% in the Nanning in 2010.
Embodiment 4:
A, prepared beforehand go out Wocosin 50TK microcapsule pulvis, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.(the interfacial polymerization preparation that " pesticides new formulation " book that the publication Zhou Benxin of employing Chemical Industry Press etc. writes is introduced)
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg):
Get urea 300Kg, superphosphate of lime 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg, vitriolate of tartar 200Kg, above-mentioned Wocosin 50TK microcapsule 30Kg, kaolin is supplied, and gets above-mentioned material mixing, pulverizes granulation in the adding cylinder tablets press, is drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: adopt humic acids that above-mentioned particle is carried out dressing and form controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 5:
The preparation of pulvis such as A, Volaton, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.
20Kg Volaton (or in the diazinon, Chlorpyrifos 94, Volaton, fluorine worm nitrile, desinsection list, disosultap, carbosulfan, benfuracarb, cartap, Rynaxypyr, fipronil bisamide, Provado, thiophene worm piperazine, pyrrole aphid ketone, Ti304 etc. any) is adsorbed earlier, promptly get with 200Kg activation porousness zeolite.
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg):
Get urea 900Kg, above-mentioned pulvis 50Kg, the 2Kg amine DA-6, kaolin is supplied, and gets above-mentioned material mixing, pulverizes granulation in the adding cylinder tablets press, is drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: adopt fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate that above-mentioned particle is carried out dressing and form controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 6:
The preparation of A, the agent of Provado poison fluorine phosphorus powder, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.
With 200Kg crab shell powder 30Kg poison fluorine phosphorus, 10Kg Provado are adsorbed earlier, promptly get.
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg):
Get urea 100Kg, ammonium chloride 300Kg, superphosphate of lime 200Kg; One ammonium 100Kg, vitriolate of tartar 200Kg, above-mentioned Provado poison fluorine phosphorus powder agent 100Kg; Kaolin is supplied, and gets above-mentioned material mixing, pulverizes granulation in the adding cylinder tablets press, is drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: adopt machine oil that above-mentioned particle is carried out dressing and form controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
This product is used in paddy rice, whole season of evidence paddy rice plant hopper and virus disease did not take place in the Changsha in 2010, increasing production of rice reaches 15.4%.
Embodiment 7:
The preparation of pulvis such as A, flutriafol, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.
20Kg flutriafol (or in the tebuconazole, difenoconazole, ICIA 5504, BAS 490F, pyraclostrobin, rice blast acid amides, fultolanil, HSDB 6915, thiophanate_methyl, malicious fluorine phosphorus, amino-oligosaccharide, fenaminosulf 、 hymexazo etc. any) is adsorbed earlier, promptly get with 200Kg crab shell powder.
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg):
Get amino acid 900Kg, above-mentioned pulvis 50Kg, kaolin is supplied, and gets above-mentioned material mixing, pulverizes granulation in the adding cylinder tablets press, is drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: adopt pitch that above-mentioned particle is carried out dressing and form controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 8:
The preparation of A, Avrmectin and lythidathion pulvis, i.e. 2 in the structure iron.
With the 10Kg Avrmectin, the absorption of 50Kg lythidathion promptly gets with 300Kg crab shell powder in elder generation.
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg):
Get humic acids 850Kg, chitin 50Kg, above-mentioned pulvis 50Kg, kaolin is supplied, and gets above-mentioned material mixing, pulverizes granulation in the adding cylinder tablets press, is drying to obtain nuclear, be i.e. 3 in the structure iron.
C, dressing: adopt treated starch that above-mentioned particle is carried out dressing and form controlled release layer, promptly 4 in the structure iron promptly gets nucleocapsid structure medicine fertilizer.
Embodiment 9:
Sample 1 by the present invention's production:
A, prepared beforehand go out diazine Provado microcapsule.(30% diazinon+2% Provado): (the interfacial polymerization preparation that " pesticides new formulation " book that the publication Zhou Benxin of employing Chemical Industry Press etc. writes is introduced, down together)
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg): get urea 300Kg; Ammonium chloride 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg, Repone K 220Kg; Borax 10Kg; Above-mentioned diazine Provado microcapsule 20Kg, kaolin is supplied, and gets granulation in above-mentioned material pulverizing, the mixing adding granulating disc, is drying to obtain.
C, dressing: epoxy resin liquid 20Kg (by epoxy resin E44, polyamide resin 650 is formulated with YLENE) is sprayed onto above-mentioned particle surface promptly gets product.
Sample 2 by patent 200910094297.1 productions:
A, prepared beforehand go out diazine Provado microcapsule (30% diazinon+2% Provado).
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg): get urea 300Kg; Ammonium chloride 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg, Repone K 220Kg; Borax 10Kg; Above-mentioned diazine Provado microcapsule 20Kg, kaolin is supplied, and gets granulation in above-mentioned material pulverizing, the mixing adding granulating disc, is drying to obtain.
Sample 3 by patent 200620170623.4 productions:
A, prepared beforehand go out diazine Provado pulvis (30% diazinon+2% Provado).
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg): get urea 200Kg, ammonium chloride 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg; Repone K 220Kg; Borax 10Kg, above-mentioned diazine Provado pulvis 20Kg, kaolin is supplied 900Kg; Get granulation in above-mentioned material pulverizing, the mixing adding granulating disc, drying, wrap 100Kg urine aldehyde urea again.
C, dressing: epoxy resin liquid 20Kg (by epoxy resin E44, polyamide resin 650 is formulated with YLENE) is sprayed onto above-mentioned particle surface promptly gets product.
Said product is made an experiment in Jiangxi, Nanning town; Every mu is used 100Kg, applies when base fertilizer is disposable, and compares (every mu of use of base fertilizer 50Kg 25% composite fertilizer with the peasant household tradition with fertilizer; Use 50Kg 45% composite fertilizer to add 25Kg urea during ridging; Manuring late 25Kg urea, July 11 sprayed aphid once), test-results such as following table.From table 1, can find out investigation on July 10 vermins-proof effect (major cause is the direct and mixed instability of depositing of fertilizer of diazinon) except that 3 pairs of snout moth's larva effects of sample are poor slightly; It is close that each handles preventive effect; The preventive effect of 1 pair of aphid of sample still can reach 95.34% when November 10 was investigated, and the preventive effect of sample 2 and sample 3 has only 53.02% and 52.67%, and the aphid damage of this moment still causes bigger influence to the output of sugarcane; And this moment, sugarcane was higher; And sugarcane is denser, and peasant household's spray medicine is difficulty, so medicine can not sprayed in peasant household.From survey producing and the basic seedling amount in 1 year can find out that sample 1 has effect preferably, not only can improve the output in 1 year, and can improve the basic seedling amount in 1 year, thereby laying the foundation for high yield.
Each sample effect relatively among table 1 embodiment 9
* tradition is used fertile increment rate relatively
Embodiment 10:
Press the sample 1 that this patent is produced:
A, prepared beforehand go out 20% thiophene worm piperazine microcapsule.(the spraying drying coating preparation that " pesticides new formulation " book that the publication Zhou Benxin of employing Chemical Industry Press etc. writes is introduced, down together)
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg): get urea 300Kg; Ammonium chloride 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg, Repone K 220Kg; Borax 10Kg; The said sterilant of above-mentioned thiophene worm piperazine microcapsule is 4Kg, and kaolin is supplied, and gets granulation in above-mentioned material pulverizing, the mixing adding granulating disc, is drying to obtain.
C, dressing: wrap one deck sulphur film again and promptly get product.
Sample 2 by patent 200910094297.1 productions:
A, prepared beforehand go out 20% thiophene worm piperazine microcapsule.
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg): get urea 300Kg, ammonium chloride 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg; Repone K 220Kg, borax 10Kg, above-mentioned thiophene worm piperazine microcapsule 4Kg; Kaolin is supplied, and gets granulation in above-mentioned material pulverizing, the mixing adding granulating disc, is drying to obtain.
Sample 3 by patent 200620170623.4 productions:
A, prepared beforehand go out 20% thiophene worm piperazine pulvis.
B, the fertile particulate preparation of medicine (is example to produce 1000Kg): get urea 200Kg, ammonium chloride 200Kg, an ammonium 200Kg; Repone K 220Kg; Borax 10Kg, above-mentioned thiophene worm piperazine pulvis 4Kg, kaolin is supplied 900Kg; Get granulation in above-mentioned material pulverizing, the mixing adding granulating disc, drying, wrap 100Kg urine aldehyde urea again.
C, dressing: wrap one deck sulphur film again and promptly get product.
Said product is made an experiment in the Wuming, Nanning, and every mu is used 25Kg when the paddy rice transfer, to use, whole season paddy rice no longer spray the plant hopper medicament, applied April 10.It is 45% composite fertilizer 25Kg that tradition is used fertilizer, and June 11, July 11, August 6 sprayed the plant hopper medicament once.Test-results such as following table can find out that from table 2 lasting period of sample 1 is the longest, during rice harvesting plant hopper are still had 94.04% preventive effect, have alleviated the influence of plant hopper to rice yield, survey during harvesting to produce to show that the output of sample 1 is the highest.
Each sample effect relatively among table 2 embodiment 10
* tradition is used fertile increment rate relatively
Claims (1)
1. the particle medicine of a nucleocapsid structure is fertile, it is characterized in that: said medicine is fertile in nucleocapsid structure, is particulate state.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201120241158XU CN202208693U (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2011-07-11 | Particle medicinal fertilizer of core-shell structure |
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CN201120241158XU CN202208693U (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2011-07-11 | Particle medicinal fertilizer of core-shell structure |
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Granted publication date: 20120502 |