CN202204155U - Organic thermal medium boiler of environmental-friendly energy-saving recirculating fluidized bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an organic thermal medium boiler of environmental-friendly energy-saving recirculating fluidized bed, which comprises a furnace cavity and a tail-part vertical flue, the surrounding parts of the furnace cavity and the vertical flue are provided with a thermal insulation fireproof material layer and a steel bracket respectively, the top parts are provided with roof tubes, one end of each roof tube is communicated with an outlet collecting box; the upper part of the inner wall of the furnace cavity is provided with a square plate radiation heated tube beam, the lower part is provided with a coal inlet which is communicated with a coal scuttle, and the bottom is provided with an isobaric bellow, a grid plate and a blast cap; a multi-tube cyclone separator which is communicated with an outlet flue in the upper part of the furnace cavity is provided between the furnace cavity and the tail-part vertical flue, the top of the multi-tube cyclone separator is communicated with the top of the tail-part vertical flue, and the bottom of the multi-tube cyclone separator is communicated with a material-returning opening in the lower part of the furnace cavity; high-temperature and low-temperature convection banks which are connected sectionally are provided in the vertical flue, an air preheater which is communicated with the isobaric bellow is provided on the bottom, and a flue gas outlet is provided on the preheater. The organic thermal medium boiler of environmental-friendly energy-saving recirculating fluidized bed solves the following technical problems which are existed in prior art: bad heat transfer effect, multiple faults, difficult maintaining, and easy blocking of the material-returning opening.

Description

The environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler

Technical field the utility model belongs to the boiler of organic heat carrier technical field, relates to a kind of environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler.

The background technology prior art circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler be overall package mostly, convection bank is bulky, and its internal convection pipe quantity is a lot.The boiler of this structure exists assembling very flexible, maintain and replace assembly difficulty, organic heat carrier inlet header case to exist bias current phenomenon, position that the convection tube flow velocity is low to be easy to the technical problem that burnt out by high-temperature flue gas.Prior art circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler mainly contain disadvantage: 1. because the convection heating surface global design; Make organic heat carrier low excessively with the flow velocity of flue gas in the low-temperature region tube bank in the pipeline of high-temperature region; Reduced endothermic effect; If need change all convection heating surfaces when high temperature or low-temperature zone well damage, make maintenance cost very high; 2. cyclone separator is positioned at the organic heat carrier furnace hall, is difficult for during parts damages finding that organic heat carrier furnace damages when pinpointing the problems, must shutdown maintenance.3. fire box temperature is not easy to regulate, and easy coking influences heat-transfer effect when fire box temperature is too high, reduces the organic heat carrier furnace thermal efficiency, and the returning charge mouth is blocked easily.Existing circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier furnace interior unreasonable structure influences heat-transfer effect; The thermal efficiency reduces during long-play; Be difficult to maintenance during internal damage, damage frequency is short high non-failure operation time, causes the circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier stove operating cost of prior art to increase.

The purpose of summary of the invention the utility model be solve that prior art circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier furnace interior unreasonable structure causes that heat-transfer effect is poor, the thermal efficiency reduces, is difficult to keep in repair during internal damage during long-play, damage frequency is high, non-failure operation time is short, the technical problem of returning charge mouth easy blocking, reduces maintenance, the operating cost of existing circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier stove.A kind of circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier stove of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly is provided,

To achieve these goals, the utility model environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler comprises the vertical flue of burner hearth and afterbody, is respectively equipped with thermal insulation fire-resistant material layer and steelframe around said burner hearth and the vertical flue of afterbody; The top of said burner hearth and the vertical flue of afterbody is provided with roof tube, and an end of roof tube is communicated with outlet collection case; The top of said inboard wall of burner hearth is provided with the square plate radiation tube bank of being heated; The bottom of said burner hearth is provided with the coal feeding hole that is communicated with coal bunker; The bottom of said burner hearth is provided with isobaric bellows, air distribution plate and blast cap; Its main points are to be provided with the Mutlicyclone plant that is communicated with the upper furnace smoke outlet flue between said burner hearth and the vertical flue of afterbody; The top of Mutlicyclone plant is communicated with the top of the vertical flue of afterbody, and the bottom of Mutlicyclone plant is communicated with the returning charge mouth that lower furnace portion is provided with; Be provided with the high and low temperature convection bank that segmentation connects in the vertical flue of said afterbody, superposed high temperature convection bank is connected the collection case through radiation and is communicated with said roof tube with convection current, and the low temperature convection bank that is positioned at the bottom is communicated with the inlet header case; The bottom of the vertical flue of said afterbody is provided with the air preheater that is communicated with the isobaric bellows of burner hearth bottom, and air preheater is provided with the exhanst gas outlet that is communicated with the vertical flue of afterbody bottom.

Said Mutlicyclone plant; Comprise the blanking barrel that cyclonic separation is sub and the lower end is communicated with the power stream pipe that connects by expansion joint; The blanking barrel outside is provided with heat-preservation cylinder; The top of heat-preservation cylinder is communicated with auxiliary blast pipe through auxiliary MOD, assist blast pipe below be provided with branched pipe, the bottom of blanking barrel is provided with the assisted jet pipe; The lower end of said branched pipe is connected with the power stream pipe through main MOD, and the lower port of power stream pipe is communicated with the returning charge mouth of lower furnace portion.

Said high and low temperature convection bank peripheral hardware abrasionproof cover is provided with convection section and connects the collection case between the high and low temperature convection bank.

Establish homogenizing plate in the said inlet header case.

The utility model beneficial effect compared with prior art is: structure assembling is simple, maintenance maintenance is convenient, energy conservation and consumption reduction effects is obvious, has solved that prior art circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier furnace interior unreasonable structure causes that heat-transfer effect is poor, the thermal efficiency reduces, is difficult to keep in repair during internal damage during long-play, damage frequency is high, non-failure operation time is short, the technical problem of returning charge mouth easy blocking.

Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;

Fig. 2 is a heat conductive oil inlet collection box structure sketch map;

Fig. 3 is the returning charge structural representation;

Fig. 4 is a high and low temperature convection bank structural representation;

Fig. 5 is an organic heat carrier circulatory system schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 is the combustion system schematic diagram;

Fig. 7 is the air preheater systematic schematic diagram.

Among the figure 1; Boiler foundation 2; Isobaric bellows 3; Air distribution plate 4; Blast cap 5; Coal feeding hole 6; Returning charge mouth 7; Burner hearth 8; Coal bunker 9; Power stream pipe 10; Assisted jet pipe 11; Main MOD 12; Blanking barrel 13; Heat-preservation cylinder 14; Steelframe 15; Auxiliary MOD 16; Auxiliary blast pipe 17; The square plate radiation is heated and is restrained 18; Outlet collection case 19; Cyclonic separation 20; Roof tube 21; Mutlicyclone plant 22; Expansion joint 23; Thermal insulation fire-resistant material layer 24; The vertical flue 25 of afterbody; Radiation is connected collection case 26 with convection current; High temperature convection bank 27; Convection section connects collection case 28; Low temperature convection bank 29; Inlet header case 30; Air preheater 31; Flue gas goes out 32; Homogenizing plate 33; Abrasionproof cover 34; With hot equipment 35; Heat medium circulation pump 36; Overfire air port 37; Primary air fan 38; A wind air preheat import 39; Overfire air fan 40; The secondary wind air preheat advances 41; Secondary air duct 42; An air channel

The specific embodiment is with reference to Fig. 1; 1 is boiler foundation among the figure; The utility model environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler comprises burner hearth 7 and the vertical flue 24 of afterbody, is respectively equipped with thermal insulation fire-resistant material layer 23 and steelframe 14 around burner hearth 7 and the vertical flue 24 of afterbody; The top of burner hearth 7 and the vertical flue 24 of afterbody is provided with roof tube 20, and an end of roof tube 20 is communicated with outlet collection case 18; The top of inboard wall of burner hearth be provided with the square plate radiation be heated the tube bank 17; The bottom of burner hearth is provided with the coal feeding hole 5 that is communicated with coal bunker 8; The bottom of burner hearth is provided with isobaric bellows 2, air distribution plate 3 and blast cap 4; Be provided with the Mutlicyclone plant 21 that is communicated with burner hearth 7 top smoke outlet flues between the vertical flue 24 of burner hearth 7 and afterbody; The top of Mutlicyclone plant 21 is communicated with the top of the vertical flue 24 of afterbody, and the bottom of Mutlicyclone plant 21 is communicated with the returning charge mouth 6 that lower furnace portion is provided with; Be provided with the high and low temperature convection bank 26,28 that segmentation connects in the vertical flue 24 of afterbody; Superposed high temperature convection bank 26 is connected collection case 25 through radiation and is communicated with said roof tube 20 with convection current, the low temperature convection bank that is positioned at the bottom is communicated with inlet header case 29; The bottom of the vertical flue of afterbody is provided with the air preheater 30 that is communicated with the isobaric bellows 2 of burner hearth bottom, and air preheater 30 is provided with the exhanst gas outlet 30 that is communicated with the vertical flue of afterbody bottom.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3; Said Mutlicyclone plant; Comprise the blanking barrel 12 that the cyclonic separation son 19 that connected by expansion joint 22 and lower end are communicated with power stream pipe 9, blanking barrel 12 outsides are provided with heat-preservation cylinder 13, and the top of heat-preservation cylinder 13 passes through to assist MOD 15 to be communicated with auxiliary blast pipe 16; Be provided with branched pipe below the auxiliary blast pipe 16, the bottom of blanking barrel 12 is provided with assisted jet pipe 10; The lower end of said branched pipe is connected with power stream pipe 9 through main MOD 11, and the lower port of power stream pipe 9 is communicated with the returning charge mouth 6 of lower furnace portion.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, said high and low temperature convection bank 26,28 peripheral hardware abrasionproof covers 33 are provided with convection section and connect collection case 27 between the high and low temperature convection bank.

With reference to Fig. 2, establish homogenizing plate 32 in the said inlet header case 29.

Design of the utility model and operation principle:

The utility model boiler is divided into two parts, and the one, burner hearth part, the 2nd, the vertical flue part of afterbody; The rational sectional area of hearth portion component selections; Reasonably height in burner hearth bottom partly, is furnished with isobaric bellows, air distribution plate, blast cap; In burner hearth part apart from the above location arrangements square plate of the air distribution plate 2.5m radiation tube bank of being heated; 2.5m followingly be made up of the thermal insulation fire-resistant material, because the circulates at low fluid bed only just has wearing and tearing below apart from air distribution plate 1.5m, this layout can not cause wearing and tearing to heating surface; At vertical flue part of afterbody and burner hearth part intermediate arrangement Mutlicyclone plant, be to flexibly connect at this position Mutlicyclone plant, be convenient to change; Mutlicyclone plant can be controlled flue gas flow rate well; And its rational installation site and special construction can solve the wear problem of convection heating surface, the revert system that adopts jet current principle have been installed below the Mutlicyclone plant; Revert system master breather line and assisted ventilation pipeline pass through MOD separately; According to actual conditions,, can make combustion temperature in hearth remain on zone of reasonableness all the time automatically by the microcomputerized control intake separately that automatically adjusts; Prevent that slagging scorification influences heat-transfer effect because fire box temperature is too high, and then burn out the heat exchanger tube of radiation areas.At the vertical flue of afterbody high temperature convection bank, low temperature convection bank, air preheater are installed partly.High temperature convection bank, low temperature convection bank segmentation connect, and are convenient to maintain and replace, solve because the semiconvection pipe damages the problem that is difficult to repair, and the running time of having improved the circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier stove, have reduced maintenance cost.The convective region adopts segmentation to connect; And the convection bank of high and low warm area can be adopted various structure according to actual conditions separately; Make all to be in the reasonable range with its inner oily speed, improve endothermic effect in each cigarette speed of high and low warm area through convection bank.

Because the CFBC coal adaptability is wide, efficiency of combustion is high, not only is applied on the boiler of organic heat carrier, also be widely used in the roasting boiler, hot-blast stove, cement drying oven, ceramic hot-blast furnace of steam boiler, the chemical industry of industry etc.Use this combustion system, can solve the single problem of fuel type, the more important thing is that adopting economizes on coal after the present technique and can reach 15%～30%; Blackness of exhaustion is less than Lin Geman I level; Thereby the economic loss that minimizing blowing out easy to maintenance brings, operating cost is low, is recyclable fully invested in 1 year.

It is middle and for convenience detach with the burner hearth parts that Mutlicyclone plant is positioned at the vertical flue part of afterbody, and quick-detach maintenance or replacing soon reduces the economic loss that long-time blowing out brings during damage; When part cyclonic separation damages in the Mutlicyclone plant; There is not the separated portions flue gas directly to discharge from the cyclonic separation subexit; Because cyclonic separation subexit diameter causes flue gas flow rate very fast for a short time, and the Mutlicyclone plant space outerpace is very big, when the flue gas that separates gets into the Mutlicyclone plant space outerpace; Velocity of flue gas descends suddenly; The material that particle is big is deposited to the Mutlicyclone plant top under the gravity effect, cleaner flue gas gets into the convective region, though like this in the Mutlicyclone plant part cyclonic separation damage the convection heating surface that also can not wear and tear and restrain; Prolonged the service life of convection bank, avoided causing convection heating surface tube bank wearing and tearing to cause great blowing out accident owing to Mutlicyclone plant damages.Heating surface wear can be avoided flowing with its particular structural in the rational installation site of Mutlicyclone plant, has improved the running time and the service life of circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier stove, has reduced maintenance, operating cost.

The revert system of installing below the Mutlicyclone plant, jet current principle is adopted in its material mouth position, and swiftly flowing air-flow is expecting that with it mouth forms low-pressure area on every side and makes that the material mouth can be not blocked.The blanking barrel outside is connected with the temperature that cold air can reduce blanking, has reduced the use of insulation material, has reduced cost.Revert system master breather line and assisted ventilation pipeline pass through MOD separately; According to actual conditions; By the microcomputerized control intake separately that automatically adjusts; Can make combustion temperature in hearth remain on zone of reasonableness all the time automatically, prevent slagging scorification, improve the service life and the thermal efficiency of circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier stove because fire box temperature is too high.

The convective region of the utility model boiler is that the high and low temperature convection bank adopts segmentation to connect, and is convenient to maintain and replace, has avoided because high temperature or the damage of low temperature part convection tube cause the out of use problem of whole corresponding high and low temperature convection tube.And when the whole tube bank well damage of high temperature or low temperature, just change corresponding high temperature or low-temperature zone tube bank, other tube banks can normally be used, and avoid changing all convection heating surfaces, have reduced maintenance cost.The convective region adopts segmentation to connect; Make the convection bank of high and low warm area to adopt various structure according to actual conditions separately; All be in the reasonable range in each cigarette speed of high and low warm area with its inner oily speed like this through convection bank; Improve endothermic effect, improved the thermal efficiency of circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier stove on the whole.

The internal diameter sectional area of the inlet header case on the utility model boiler be on the inlet header case all perforate sectional areas and 1-3 doubly; And the inner homogenizing plate of installing; Through calculating, according to all perforate sectional areas on actual conditions and the inlet header case and 1-3 doubly choose rational inlet header case diameter, and in 0～90 ° of scope, select a suitable setting angle for use to homogenizing plate; Thereby guaranteed that flow velocity is identical in each convection bank, solved the bias current problem.The utility model has been avoided security incident, has been improved the boiler operatiopn time, reduces economic loss.

The main effect and the innovative point of the utility model main composition system:

The organic heat carrier circulatory system of the utility model, as shown in Figure 5, organic heat carrier is through heating agent oil circulating pump 35 input inlet header casees 29, and inlet header case 29 is connected with low temperature convection bank 28; Shown in Fig. 2 heat conductive oil inlet collection box structure sketch map, the organic heat carrier flow velocity that the inner homogenizing plates 32 of inlet header case 29 can guarantee to get into low temperature convection bank 28 is identical, avoids because the technical problem that shunting causes the semiconvection pipe to burn out.Each convection bank is passed through convection section connection collection case 27 and is connected, and carries out heat exchange through entering high temperature convection bank 26 continuation and flue gas after low temperature convection bank 28 and the flue gas heat exchange; Convection bank is shown in the convection heating surface structural representation like Fig. 4 high and low temperature, for the ease of maintenance, raising endothermic effect, with high temperature convection bank 26, low temperature convection bank 28 sectional makings.When wherein a part of convection tube damages, find corresponding with it convection bank, to dismantle rapidly and keep in repair, the furnace outage time of shortening has reduced because the economic loss that blowing out brings.And high temperature convection bank 26, low temperature convection bank 28 can be adopted various structure according to actual conditions separately, make all to be in the reasonable range with its inner oily speed in each cigarette speed through convection bank of high and low warm area, improve endothermic effect., collect case 18 through top heating surface 20 from outlet at last and send into, return again then and reheat with hot equipment 34 after radiation is connected collection case 25 gets into the square plate radiation tube bank 17 of being heated and burner hearth part 7 in, absorb heat fully with convection current.

The combustion system of the utility model; As shown in Figure 6, this system mainly is made up of institutes such as boiler foundation 1, burner hearth 7, Mutlicyclone plant 21, returning charge mouth 6, air preheaters 30, and the bottom of burner hearth 7 is close phase bed of materials; Bottommost is an air distribution plate 3; Evenly arrange blast cap 4 on the air distribution plate 3, the primary air of process air preheater 30 evenly gets into burner hearths 7 through air distribution plates 3 from blast cap 4 by isobaric bellows 2, and fuel and lime stone mixture are delivered to coal bunker 8 through screw-type coal distributor; Secondary wind accounts for 40% of total air, gets into burner hearth 7 by overfire air port 36 and coal feeding hole 5 respectively; 36 fens upper, middle and lower-rankings of overfire air port are arranged, are beneficial to burning and Control for Kiln Temperature, reduce NO _xDischarging.When Ca/S can reach 90% usually than desulfuration efficiency 1.5～2.5 time; Whole burning is under low fluidising air velocity, to carry out; Control for Kiln Temperature, has been carried a large amount of granule materials secretly and has been got into cyclonic separation 19 in the high temperature Mutlicyclone plant 21 after flue gas comes out from burner hearth 7 at 900 ℃; Cyclonic separation son 19 is formed by high temperature resistant, abrasion resistant cast steel casting; Mutlicyclone plant 21 is positioned at the centre of vertical flue part 24 of afterbody and burner hearth 7, and is convenient to dismounting, and separated particle returns burner hearth circulation burning again through blanking barrel 12 through returning charge mouth 6; When part cyclonic separation 19 damages in the Mutlicyclone plant 21; There is not the separated portions flue gas directly to discharge from 19 outlets of cyclonic separation; Because cyclonic separation 19 outlet diameters cause flue gas flow rate very fast for a short time, and Mutlicyclone plant 21 space outerpaces are very big, when the flue gas that separates gets into Mutlicyclone plant 21 space outerpaces; Velocity of flue gas descends suddenly; The material that particle is big is deposited to Mutlicyclone plant 21 tops under the gravity effect, cleaner flue gas gets into the vertical flue 24 of afterbody, though like this in the Mutlicyclone plant 21 part cyclonic separation 19 damage the convection heating surface that also can not wear and tear and restrain.The flue gas that leaves Mutlicyclone plant 21 gets into the vertical flue 24 of afterbody, can be collected by the deduster equipment at boiler rear portion with the subparticle that flue gas is drained.

The revert system of the utility model; Shown in Fig. 3 revert system structural representation; This system mainly expansion joint 22, blanking barrel 12, heat-preservation cylinder 13, power stream pipe 9, the assisted jet pipe 10 below Mutlicyclone plant 21 forms; Expansion joint 22 prevents that mainly the expansion of revert system high temperature from causing unnecessary loss, extraneous cold air separated into two parts, and wherein a part gets into heat-preservation cylinder 13 through auxiliary MOD 15 and assisted jet pipe 16 tangentials; Cold air rotates simultaneously around blanking barrel 12 and the high-temperature particle heat exchange in it becomes high temperature hole gas, flows into blanking barrel 12 from assisted jet pipe 10 downward-sloping high speeds.Another part cold air directly advances power stream pipe 9 through main MOD 11 and mixes from the hot-air of assisted jet pipe 10 outflows, the particle that blanking barrel 12 falls, and high velocity stream gets into burner hearths to returning charge mouth 6.High velocity air in assisted jet pipe 10 and the power stream pipe 9 forms low-pressure area (jet current principle) near blanking barrel 12 bottom ports, avoided the putty phenomenon; And micro computer is regulated main MOD 11 through actual conditions and is distributed rational air quantity with auxiliary MOD 15, guarantees that combustion temperature in hearth remains on a reasonable range all the time automatically, avoids that fire box temperature is too high to make the burner hearth coking.

The air preheater system of the utility model; As shown in Figure 7 stove air preheater is two stage arrangement tubular air preheater 30; Top one-level is a wind air preheat import 38, is secondary wind air preheat import 40 below, and air is sent into by primary air fan 37 and overfire air fan 39 respectively.The flue gas of air preheater 30 flows in pipe from top to bottom; Air is transversal flow outside pipe; Through getting into air channel 42 and secondary air duct 41 behind two strokes respectively; Preheat temperature reaches 180 ℃ and 120 ℃ respectively. and can freely expand under hot state for making bobbin carriage, telescopic joint is housed on bobbin carriage top.

Claims (4)

1. an environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler comprises the vertical flue of burner hearth and afterbody, is respectively equipped with thermal insulation fire-resistant material layer and steelframe around said burner hearth and the vertical flue of afterbody; The top of said burner hearth and the vertical flue of afterbody is provided with roof tube, and an end of roof tube is communicated with outlet collection case; The top of said inboard wall of burner hearth is provided with the square plate radiation tube bank of being heated; The bottom of said burner hearth is provided with the coal feeding hole that is communicated with coal bunker; The bottom of said burner hearth is provided with isobaric bellows, air distribution plate and blast cap; It is characterized in that being provided with the Mutlicyclone plant that is communicated with the upper furnace smoke outlet flue between the vertical flue of said burner hearth and afterbody; The top of Mutlicyclone plant is communicated with the top of the vertical flue of afterbody, and the bottom of Mutlicyclone plant is communicated with the returning charge mouth that lower furnace portion is provided with; Be provided with the high and low temperature convection bank that segmentation connects in the vertical flue of said afterbody, superposed high temperature convection bank is connected the collection case through radiation and is communicated with said roof tube with convection current, and the low temperature convection bank that is positioned at the bottom is communicated with the inlet header case; The bottom of the vertical flue of said afterbody is provided with the air preheater that is communicated with the isobaric bellows of burner hearth bottom, and air preheater is provided with the exhanst gas outlet that is communicated with the vertical flue of afterbody bottom.

2. environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said Mutlicyclone plant; Comprise the blanking barrel that cyclonic separation is sub and the lower end is communicated with the power stream pipe that is connected by expansion joint, the blanking barrel outside is provided with heat-preservation cylinder, and the top of heat-preservation cylinder is communicated with auxiliary blast pipe through auxiliary MOD; Be provided with branched pipe below the auxiliary blast pipe, the bottom of blanking barrel is provided with the assisted jet pipe; The lower end of said branched pipe is connected with the power stream pipe through main MOD, and the lower port of power stream pipe is communicated with the returning charge mouth of lower furnace portion.

3. environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that said high and low temperature convection bank peripheral hardware abrasionproof cover, is provided with convection section between the high and low temperature convection bank and connects the collection case.

4. environmental protection and energy saving circulating fluid bed organic heat carrier boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that establishing homogenizing plate in the said inlet header case.

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