CN202160412U - Seedling-thinning-saving transplanting-free precision seeder for grains and vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of the seed metering device as the core technology of a conventional precision seeder that the numbers of seeds in a type hole with a certain size can not be adjusted as per germination value and land damage of insect pests, the utility model provides a seedling-thinning-saving transplanting-free precision seeder for grains and vegetables; the seedling-thinning-saving transplanting-free precision seeder for grains and vegetables is characterized in that the input hole on the left side of a seed dividing groove of the seed metering device is improved as a right triangular large through hole with an arc-shaped hypotenuse, and a fan-shaped baffle board with scales is mounted at the left upper part of the seed dividing groove and can cover the input hole partially; the height of the seed filling angle of an input seed flow is controlled by moving the fan-shaped baffle board, and the type hole scooping angle is adjusted, so that the scooped seed number of the type hole is increased or reduced, and the precision seeding performance figures are further improved. By adopting the precision seeder provided by the utility model, the manual seedling-thinning bottleneck restriction of small miscellaneous grains (mainly including unhusked rice) is overcome, the agricultural tone production is promoted, and the engineering of filling rice bags is achieved, the small and medium-sized farmer seedling transplantation mode of vegetable farming is modified, the large-scale planting and precision seeding are performed, labor and water are saved on a large scale, the vegetable cost is reduced, and the purpose of richening the vegetable basket project is achieved.

Description

Economize thinning and exempt to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, specifically is a kind of Precision Seeding machine.

Background technology

The Precision Seeding machine of prior art is multifarious.But the seeding unit classification according to its core technology is mainly three types: the one, and indent type, the 2nd, scoop out formula, the 3rd, air-sucking type.

The structure of cell-seed distributor is that the outside has a fixed cover horizontal with direction of advance that has through hole up and down, has a circumference to be equipped with the turning cylinder of blind hole in the cover; Axle and cover formation activity friction pair, through hole on it, promptly so-called input hole; Its lower through-hole; Be so-called delivery outlet, its blind hole, promptly so-called nest eye.Running is: 1, seed falls into the nest eye through input hole, and also being its nest eye receives seed according to given physical dimension choosing.2, axis body rotates, and its nest eye drives the seed that is held and rotates thereupon.3, its nest eye drives when seed arrives the delivery outlet position and discharges.Its advantage is: simple in structure, contain tightly, and cave spacing in the rows and seed number per are accurate.Its shortcoming is: because the seed individuality is falling into nest at the moment, be not the interface with nest outlook face just in time, promptly fall into for half; Half outside, and in the time of in the nest eye will be gone the screw-in cover, seed can be stuck in the angle of nest eye and input hole; Form and force to scrape kind, make seed produce shearing-crushing and frictional resistance.Its improvement type is: hairbrush offset plate, the softening kind, pineization containing of scraping.But this improves, for the seed of molecule and crust fragility still difficulty deal with problems at all.Like millet, rice is promptly ground in friction a little, and influence is germinateed, and never allows.Even if feasible, also because of fret wear, change adjustment, time-consuming taking a lot of work, operation inconvenience.Cause the formula of scooping out thus.

Scooping out the structure of formula seeding unit, is side kind case, and vertically-arranged is scooped out wheel.It is taken turns circumference and is equipped with blind hole, and it takes turns rotation, and seed is scooped out in its hole.Types such as similar plate-like in addition, finger-like, spoon shape.The advantage of this structure is: the optional kind of scraping, overcome the shearing-crushing and the frictional resistance of seeding, and make institute's seeding safe and reliable, do not receive hurt.Its shortcoming is: separate still precisely, discharge promptly disorderly.Reason one, seed are not pure circle, when embedding blind hole, because of angle is different, so elasticity is also different, so efflux time produces error.Reason two, the velocity variations of facility operation causes the rotation speed change of seed wheel, thereby has influence on the variation of seed vibrating deflection, produces error so discharge distance.Cause air-sucking type thus.

The structure of air-suction seeding unit is on tractor engine, to install air compression system additional, utilizes its negative-pressure adsorption seed.It is designed with the formula of seemingly scooping out, and plants the case side, the seed plate vertically-arranged.Upright disk is planted case one side relatively and is had into the ring through hole pore, and opposite side is provided with negative pressure cavity, connects the air compressor machine negative pressure with pipeline.Its operation is: upright disk rotates, and pore holds seed from kind of case and produces, and cuts off air-flow, and seed lands.Its advantage is: simple grain is got kind, and seed is not broken, and spacing in the rows is accurate.Its shortcoming is: one, the plot is scrappy, and turning is turned around, and machine speed descends, and negative pressure is not enough, and broadcast leakage is serious, and disconnected ridge is short of seedling.Two, sowing in spring, dust storm fills the air, and pore stops up, and fault is unavoidable.Three, set up pneumatics, the multiplication cost.And pneumatics, animal power is difficult to walk.Know that the millet happiness is high and dry, the multiple mountain top that is implanted in, its farming will be crossed over mountain after mountain, and animal power is as eco-energy, or main farm power.

Application number is that 92100231.9 Chinese invention patent and application number are 02235496.4 the disclosed Precision Seeding seeding unit of Chinese utility model patent, is summary and the breakthrough to above-mentioned three types of Precision Seeding seeding units.Its basic structure comprises a seed plate, and the right side overcoat of seed plate is whole containing the in wholecircle week, and the center, right side of seed plate is a cantilevered axle, also is core print.Leave between its external sleeve and the cantilevered axle and supply seed filling and the annular of separating to divide a kind groove.Input hole is located on the seed plate end face horizontal center line in cantilevered axle left side.Delivery outlet is located on the cantilevered axle vertical center line, and last declivity is worn cantilevered axle periphery and low end face.When the assembly type orifice ring after forming friction pair on the cantilevered axle, plant stream and flow into to divide in kind of the groove from input hole and form natural angle of repose, also cry and fill kind of an angle.When type orifice ring clockwise direction rotated, the type hole was about to seed and from fill kind of angle, scoops out separation, runs to the outlet aperture at cantilevered axle top then, and seed promptly skids off delivery outlet, drops to kind of a cunette.The advantage of said structure is: one, seed separates optional and by scooping out, does not promptly have percentage of damage.Two, seed discharge brill straight hole sternly contains, and no impelling is and error free, and cave spacing in the rows qualification rate is high.Three, the type hole depth is shallow, and unified for type orifice ring thickness, type hole thickness is by the drill bit unification.The type hole is unified, and seed number per is precisely inevitable.Four, the pneumatics of sublating, simple in structure, cheap, the machine animal power of being more convenient for is general.But practice finds that this structure also has deficiency for many years.The one, different plot insect pest situation not simultaneously, the 2nd, different percentages of seedgermination are not simultaneously, and are powerless in the time of need in terse supporting type hole, increasing and decreasing seed number per.The 3rd, in a tractor serves several purposes, some seed is mobile poor, and like non-circular type of seed such as buckwheat, capsicum, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, circular input hole limitation is too big.The 4th, seed plate integral body is perfectly round, during welding, does not have linear datum, is difficult for the location.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the utility model, the one, solve the supporting type orifice ring of former seeding unit, can be with a small amount of type hole dimension, the problem of increase and decrease seed number per.The 2nd, open big input hole, increase the sowing varieties and functions.The 3rd, the input hole circle corrects triangle, sets up linear datum, is convenient to make the location.Provide the thinning of a kind of province to exempt to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine thus.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: the thinning of a kind of province exempts to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine, the Precision Seeding seeding unit of its core technology; Comprise a upright circular seed plate, seed plate mainly is made up of with the cantilevered axle that is welded on overcoat medial extremity center the overcoat of all integrally closeds of wholecircle, is provided with branch kind groove between overcoat and the cantilevered axle; Apolegamy type orifice ring on the cantilevered axle; The type orifice ring is switched through moving by the seeding cancelling, divide kind of a groove left side to be provided with the profound right angled triangle input hole of arc, and the outer ledge of input hole extends to the edge of overcoat; Divide the interior upper left side of kind of groove that the fan shape baffle that has scale is installed, fan shape baffle can partly hide input hole.During use,, fill kind of the height of angle kind face with the control of baffle plate base height, thereby the gradient of kind of the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m is scooped out in change type hole through moving fan shape baffle, and then the seed number per in the change type hole.Because the type hole becomes flat, to scoop out then and expire, the Liru that becomes is hung, and scoops out then to lack.

The thinning of the described province of the utility model exempts to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine, and the profound right angled triangle input hole of (1) arc cooperates with the fan shape baffle that has scale, can effectively control and fill kind of the height of angle kind face.(2) have the fan shape baffle of scale and cooperating of type orifice ring, owing to fill kind of an angle kind face height and can adjust, thereby can change type hole scoop out the gradient of kind of the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, and then the seed number per in the change type hole.The traditional cereal of China, grain, broomcorn millet, gruel, fine strain of millet are with the distinct Chinese characteristics vegetables; Chinese cabbage, leaf mustard, radish, green onion fragrant-flowered garlic, and the rape of oil plant, sesame, flax, little fiber crops reach the clover of herbage etc. again; Principal character is that seed grain is small; Push up a little less than the native ability, must lean on colony's strength emerge, this is with to come from the west different to the simple grain Precision Seeding technology of corn.Adopt the Precision Seeding machine that the utility model provides and the Precision Seeding seeding unit of core technology, can overcome fully small coarse cereals such as millet produce in the 'bottleneck' restrictions of artificial thinning, produce and promote small coarse cereals to transfer.Basically can transform the traditional small peasant economy pattern in the vegetable growing, seedling is transplanted, the water wasting of taking a lot of work, the present situation that the dish valency is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model trench digging seeding solder joint member sketch map.

Fig. 2 is the side schematic view of seed plate and seed distributing groove seam.

Fig. 3 is the schematic rear view of row's face and seed distributing groove seam.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of seed plate.

Fig. 5 is the seed plate that installs additional behind the fan shape baffle.

Fig. 6 comprises the overall structure of four big parts for the utility model.

Fig. 7 is the sketch map that the utility model and little walking tractor matching are used.

Fig. 8 is the utility model and the matching used sketch map of tractor with small four wheels.

Among the figure, the 1-seed plate, the 2-overcoat, the 3-cantilevered axle, 4-divides kind of a groove; The 5-input hole, 6-fan shape baffle, 7-seed distributing groove, 8-plough; 9-kind bucket, 10-discharging tube, 11-trench digging seeding seam, 12-draw operations frame; The 13-suppression drives wheels, and the 14-chain drive distributes, and 15-is little hand steered, the little four-wheel of 16-.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is done and to be specified.

Like Fig. 1, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, the thinning of the described a kind of province of the utility model exempts to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine, comprises a circular seed plate 1; Seed plate 1 mainly is made up of with the cantilevered axle 3 that is contained in overcoat 2 medial extremity centers the overcoat 2 of all integrally closeds of wholecircle, is provided with branch kind groove 4 between overcoat 2 and the cantilevered axle 3, apolegamy type orifice ring on the cantilevered axle; The type orifice ring switches through moving by the seeding cancelling; Divide kind of groove 4 left sides to be provided with the profound right angled triangle input hole 5 of arc, the outer ledge of input hole 5 extends to the edge of overcoat 2, divides kind of groove 4 interior upper left sides to be equipped with the fan shape baffle 6 that has scale; Fan shape baffle 6 hides in input hole 5 tops, can partly hide input hole 5.On the cantilevered axle 3, choose the series type orifice ring in the close through hole type of assembling hole with the seed physical dimension.The fixed form of fan shape baffle in seed plate is that the bolt top is solid.Fill kind of a height through moving stop control, scoop out the angle for removing from mould orifice ring type hole difference,, satisfy different percentages of seedgermination and the demands of different of different plot insect pest situation seed number per with the seed number per in the increase and decrease type hole.Scale on the fan shape baffle 6 fills kind of a height empirical value design according to kind of stream, and holding concurrently to guarantee the unanimity of seed number per between each row.

Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, seed plate 1 is arranged in the groove of discharging tube 10 bottoms, is welded with seed distributing groove 7 on seed plate 1 rear end face, makes the seed in kind of the bucket pass through trunk line 10 upper stratas, and seed distributing groove 7 is connected with the seed plate input hole.In the seed plate 1, the delivery outlet in the cantilevered axle is through plough 8 internal switching of trunk line 10 lower floors and its below.

The thinning of the described province of the utility model exempts to transplant the animal power prototype of cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine, and is as shown in Figure 6, distributes 14 4 big parts to constitute by trench digging seeding seam 11, draw operations frame 12, suppression driving wheels 13, chain drive.Like Fig. 7, shown in 8, can be with little hand steered 15 supporting with little four-wheel 16.Driving wheels with suppression is rear fulcrum, through the front fulcrum of adjustment with little hand steered 15, little four-wheel 16 hanging devices, and the embedded depth of decision plough, and through suppression, final decision sowing depth.Hand steered, four-wheel hanging device are for the member assembling, so that main frame is general.

Claims (4)

1. province thinning exempts to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine; The Precision Seeding seeding unit of its core technology; Comprise a upright circular seed plate (1), seed plate (1) mainly by wholecircle week integrally closed overcoat (2) and the cantilevered axle (3) that is welded on overcoat (2) medial extremity center form, be provided with branch kind groove (4) between overcoat (2) and the cantilevered axle (3); Apolegamy type orifice ring on the cantilevered axle; The type orifice ring is switched through moving by the seeding cancelling, it is characterized in that: divide kind of groove (a 4) left side to be provided with the profound right angled triangle input hole of arc (5), the outer ledge of input hole (5) extends to the edge of overcoat (2); Divide kind of the interior upper left side of groove (4) that the fan shape baffle (6) that has scale is installed, fan shape baffle (6) can partly hide input hole (5).

2. province according to claim 1 thinning exempts to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine; It is characterized in that: be welded with seed distributing groove (7) on seed plate 1 rear end face; Delivery outlet and the connection of the plough (8) below it in the cantilevered axle in the seed plate (1), seed distributing groove (7) is connected with the kind bucket (9) of its top.

3. province according to claim 1 and 2 thinning exempts to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine, it is characterized in that: its animal power prototype distributes (12) four big parts to form by trench digging seeding seam (11), draw operations frame (12), suppression driving wheels (13), chain drive.

4. province according to claim 1 and 2 thinning exempts to transplant cereal vegetables Precision Seeding machine, it is characterized in that: by little hand steered (15), little four-wheel (16) tractor driving force is provided.

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