CN202092947U - Optical axis adjusting mechanism of smoke gas content on-line laser detecting system - Google Patents
Optical axis adjusting mechanism of smoke gas content on-line laser detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202092947U CN202092947U CN2011201991003U CN201120199100U CN202092947U CN 202092947 U CN202092947 U CN 202092947U CN 2011201991003 U CN2011201991003 U CN 2011201991003U CN 201120199100 U CN201120199100 U CN 201120199100U CN 202092947 U CN202092947 U CN 202092947U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an optical axis adjusting mechanism of a smoke gas content on-line laser detecting system, which comprises a first optical axis adjusting mechanism and a second optical axis adjusting mechanism which are respectively communicated with a smoke gas pipeline through a sluice valve flange. Each optical axis adjusting mechanism comprises a switcher, two pieces of quartz glass arranged on two end faces of the switcher, two observation windows arranged on the two lateral faces of the switcher and a spherical adjusting flange arranged between a gas sealing tube and the switcher. The spherical adjusting flange is used for adjusting the optical axis, ensuring that collimated light beams generated by a light source can pass through the detected smoke gas pipeline and then be irradiated on a light detector at a detecting end. By adjusting four adjusting screws arranged at the upper, lower, left and right positions, the optical axis can be slightly adjusted along the emitting direction within the range of plus-minus two degrees, thereby being convenient to adjust. The optical axis adjusting mechanism combines optical axis adjustment with the observation windows, shortens length of optical systems, and is simple in structure.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of optical adjustment device of optical type gas sensor.
Background technology
In the production run of refinery, the control of oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide content in the flue gas not only is related to the quality and yield of oil refining, and relates to the consumption of main air blower electric energy.Now the optical type gas sensor system that three-stage cyclone separator is imported and exported that is installed in is mainly adopted in the detection of oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide content in the flue gas.
Optical type gas sensor mainly is the gas sensor based on Spectrum Absorption Principle, based on the infrared absorption type gas analyzer.Because the infrared absorption peak difference of gas with various is come detected gas by measuring and analyze infrared absorption peak.The optical type gas sensor major advantage is that the response time is fast, and is highly sensitive, good reliability.Optical type gas sensor belongs to untouchable measurement, can be inflammable, explosive in industries such as oil, chemical industry, use under the severe environmental conditions of high temperature, high corrosion.
In the flue gas content laser on-line detecting system of existing petrochemical system, though optical system has purging wind, but keep the cleaning of glass pane, but long-time running inevitably can be infected with dust, stops passing through of measuring beam, influences measuring accuracy.
Summary of the invention
Can't realize the accurately technical matters of measurement in order to solve existing optical type gas sensor, the utility model provides a kind of optical axis governor motion of flue gas content laser on-line detecting system.
Technical solution of the present utility model:
A kind of optical axis governor motion of flue gas content laser on-line detecting system, its special character is: described primary optic axis governor motion comprises first converter 6, be arranged on two blocks of quartz glasss 25 of the first converter both ends of the surface, be arranged on two view windows 26 of the first converter two sides, the sphere that is arranged between the background gas sealed tube and first converter is regulated flange, described sphere is regulated flange and is connected with the background gas sealed tube is coaxial, and is connected with the side of first converter by four adjustment screws; The described second optical axis governor motion comprises second converter 29, be arranged on two blocks of quartz glasss 25 of the second converter both ends of the surface, be arranged on two view windows 26 of the second converter two sides, the sphere that is arranged between second converter and the calibrating tube is regulated flange, described sphere is regulated flange and is connected with calibrating tube is coaxial, and is connected with the side of second converter by four adjustment screws; The described primary optic axis governor motion and the second optical axis governor motion communicate with flue by the gate valve flange respectively.
The internal diameter of above-mentioned gate valve flange is 100mm.
The advantage that the utility model had:
1, the utility model is on the optical axis governor motion, has a sphere to regulate flange, and its effect is to adjust optical axis, guarantees that collimated light beam that light source sends by behind the measured flue, can shine on the measuring junction photo-detector.Adjust screws by adjusting up and down four, optical axis can be adjusted in twice among a small circle around exit direction is positive and negative, and is easy to adjust.
2, the utility model combines the optical axis adjustment with view window, has shortened the length of optical system, and is simple in structure.
3, after the utility model is provided with the view window structure, can see through view window easily, see the situation of quartz window; Clean-up performance by regular supervision quartz window glass can normally move by assurance device, is convenient to safeguard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of flue gas content laser on-line detecting system;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of flue gas content laser on-line detecting system;
Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of signal pre-processing circuit;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of primary optic axis governor motion of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the second optical axis governor motion of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of integrated circuit;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of two paths of signals timesharing sequential delivery;
Wherein: 1-Optical Transmit Unit, 2-background gas sealed tube, 3-background gas inlet, the outlet of 4-background gas, 5-primary optic axis governor motion, 6-first breakout box, 7-measuring junction signal cable, 8-purge wind inlet, 9-gate valve, the 10-flue, 11-gate valve flange, 12-optical fiber, 13-reference edge signal cable, 14-calibrating tube, the outlet of 15-marked gas, 16-marked gas inlet, 17-measuring junction photo-detector, 18-explosion-proof wiring case, the 19-signal-transmitting cable, 20-feed cable, the 21-second optical axis governor motion, 22-central authorities switch board, the 23-industrial computer, 24-reference edge photo-detector, 25-quartz glass, the 26-view window, the 27-sphere is regulated flange, and 28-adjusts screw, 29-second breakout box, the 30-optical cable, the 31-spectroscope.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, flue gas content laser on-line detecting system adopts the correlation optical measurement, mainly comprises optical drive unit, Optical Transmit Unit, optical signal detection unit, electric signal transmission unit, instrument wind distribution unit, central switch board, industrial computer etc.
The optical drive unit is used to generate modulated laser, comprises function generator and double frequency modulation signal combiner circuit, semiconductor laser, semiconductor laser device driving circuit, semiconductor laser temperature-control circuit; After system powered on, function generator produced the signal of two different frequencies, and these two signals send semiconductor laser device driving circuit respectively to and late-class circuit carries out signal Processing, demodulation, sampling usefulness.Semiconductor laser device driving circuit with the signal of two kinds of frequencies synthetic after, noise spectra of semiconductor lasers is carried out the double frequency modulation, makes the laser that sends both have length scanning characteristic under the low frequency contribution, has the high frequency characteristics of preparing for the signal demodulation again.The effect of semiconductor laser temperature-control circuit is that optical maser wavelength is fixed on the gas characteristic spectrum certain wavelengths spectral line.When measuring oxygen, optical maser wavelength is near 760nm, and when measuring carbon monoxide, optical maser wavelength is at 1570nm, when measuring carbon monoxide, optical maser wavelength near 1580nm,
To Optical Transmit Unit, the optical alignment mirror of Optical Transmit Unit is made into the outgoing of collimation parallel beam with laser to laser after the wavelength-modulated by Optical Fiber Transmission.
The optical signal detection unit can convert laser signal to electric signal, comprises spectroscope, reference edge photo detecting unit and measuring junction photo detecting unit; The reference edge photo detecting unit comprises background gas sealed tube, primary optic axis governor motion, reference edge photo-detector; The measuring junction photo detecting unit comprises the second optical axis governor motion, calibrating tube and measuring junction photo-detector; Background gas sealed tube, primary optic axis governor motion, spectroscope, flue, the second optical axis governor motion, calibrating tube and measuring junction photo-detector are successively set on the optical axis of Optical Transmit Unit; The reference edge photo-detector is arranged on spectroscopical reflected light path.Be sealed with background gas in the background gas sealed tube, background gas include with flue gas in the identical composition of tested gas, be used to provide the feature benchmark of tested gas absorption signal.Such as, need to detect the content of oxygen in the flue gas, then sealing pure oxygen or comprise other gases of 20% concentration oxygen in the background gas sealed tube.Laser beam is divided into two-way behind the spectroscope of optical signal detection unit, one road laser beam of reflection is received by the reference edge photo-detector provides a reference signal to be used for comparison, one road laser beam of transmission is through tested gas sample cell (being flue), and the measured end photo-detector of this road laser beam that is coupled to measured gas concentration information receives and forms measuring-signal.
The primary optic axis governor motion and the second optical axis governor motion communicate with flue by the gate valve flange respectively.The internal diameter of gate valve flange is 100mm.The primary optic axis governor motion comprises first converter 6, be arranged on two blocks of quartz glasss 25 of the first converter both ends of the surface, be arranged on two view windows 26 of the first converter two sides, the sphere that is arranged between the background gas sealed tube and first converter is regulated flange, sphere is regulated flange and is connected with the background gas sealed tube is coaxial, and is connected with the side of first converter by four adjustment screws; Spectroscope and reference edge photo-detector just are arranged in first converter, and the reference edge photo-detector is by reference edge signal cable output signal.The second optical axis governor motion comprises second converter 29, be arranged on two blocks of quartz glasss 25 of the second converter both ends of the surface, be arranged on two view windows 26 of the second converter two sides, the sphere that is arranged between second converter and the calibrating tube is regulated flange, sphere is regulated flange and is connected with calibrating tube is coaxial, and is connected with the side of second converter by four adjustment screws.The effect that sphere is regulated flange is to adjust optical axis, guarantees that collimated light beam that light source sends by behind the measured flue, can shine on the measuring junction photo-detector.Adjust screws by adjusting up and down four, optical axis can be adjusted in twice among a small circle around exit direction is positive and negative.
Both ends of the surface at first converter and second converter all are equipped with quartz glass, play the effect of isolating flue dust and measurement mechanism.The both sides of converter respectively have a square view window, by these two pollution condition that window can be observed the quartz glass surface.Purge the cleaning that wind keeps glass pane though system and device has, long-time running inevitably can be infected with dust, stops passing through of measuring beam, influences measuring accuracy.When not having view window in the past, judge whether not too easily to cause the system can't operate as normal because quartz window is subjected to dust pollution.After view window has been arranged, can see through view window easily, see the situation of quartz window.Clean-up performance by regular supervision quartz window glass can normally move by assurance device.
The electric signal transmission unit is used for reference signal and measuring-signal are transferred to by the Signal Spacing transmission circuit signal pre-processing circuit of central switch board.
Central authorities' switch board comprises the electric signal processing unit, and described electric signal processing unit comprises signal pre-processing circuit, lock-in amplifier, signals collecting and telecommunication circuit;
Signal pre-processing circuit is used for filtering, amplification and the integration processing of reference edge signal and measuring junction signal, comprises filtering circuit, amplifying circuit and integrated circuit.In signal pre-processing circuit, by two paths of signals relatively, reject the influence that light source fluctuation brings, reject the influence that a part of device drift brings, the signal that is suitable for the lock-in amplifier demodulation is provided, particularly reference signal and measuring-signal are integrated into timesharing and transmit signal in proper order, can save a lock-in amplifier, saved cost greatly.
Being used in the signal pre-processing circuit that reference signal and measuring-signal are integrated into the integrated circuit that timesharing transmits in proper order can be referring to Fig. 6, comprise the reference edge signal emitter follower U2A that connects reference edge signal (S signal) and measuring junction signal (R signal) respectively, measuring junction signal emitter follower U2B, the simulant electronic switch U3 that joins with reference edge signal emitter follower U2A and measuring junction signal emitter follower U2B output terminal respectively, the control end of simulant electronic switch U3 is connected on the output terminal of counter U5A, one of them low-frequency signals of the input end input function generator of counter U5A and double frequency modulation signal combiner circuit, the timesharing sequential signal after the output terminal output of simulant electronic switch U3 is integrated.S signal and R signal are by behind emitter follower U2A, the U2B, send into simulant electronic switch U3, simulant electronic switch is under the digital square-wave control that counter U5A provides, R signal and the synthetic timesharing of S signal two-way are spread out of one road signal in proper order, when the counter number signal was high level, the output of R signal was when the counter number signal is low level, the output of S signal, Fig. 7 is the output signal synoptic diagram.
Lock-in amplifier (being modulator-demodular unit) is used for reference edge signal and the measuring junction signal after demodulation is integrated, and the reference arm of lock-in amplifier demodulation output and measurement road signal reach signals collecting and telecommunication circuit, and industrial computer is delivered in conversion through A/D.
Industrial computer is handled, calculates, is stored the data that receive, and obtains gas concentration.On the one hand the concentration data that obtains is passed through the form of curve or chart, on display, show, on the other hand the concentration data that obtains is passed through serial ports or 4~20mA, pass to client's production control network, for it provides necessary reference data.
The online calibration method of flue gas content laser on-line detecting system:
When demarcating, use measured section change amount signal Δ X
Cl, but can't directly obtain this variable quantity at the scene.It is that light emitted end and optical signal detector receiving end are removed that a kind of way is arranged, and is contained in preprepared calibrating tube two ends, measures Δ X
ClDemarcate, again light source and detector are reinstalled after finishing.The benefit of doing like this is not consider the influence of flue dust, directly obtain calibration result, disadvantageous aspect also is conspicuous, demarcate and measure not in same light path, the error of bringing will be offset and get rid of the benefit that dust disturbs demarcation to bring, and increased disassembly process, complicated operationization.
In order to realize on-line proving, on light path, install calibrating tube additional.Characteristics according to measuring-signal: under the certain condition of concentration, the length L that change amount signal Δ X ∝ is measured section.Suppose the gas concentration in the flue, in a period of time, change very for a short time, so, calibrating tube is charged into the calibrating gas of variable concentrations, the change amount signal Δ X that obtains
BdThe length L of ∝ calibrating tube
Bd, just have:
The difference Δ X of pairing output electric signal in the time of then can obtaining in the flue feeding the tested gas of two kinds of variable concentrations
Cl:
In following formula, the diameter L of flue
Cl, calibrating tube length L
BdKnown, Δ X
Bd=| Xbd2-Xbd1| is the poor of pairing output electric signal when feeding the tested gas of two kinds of variable concentrations in the calibrating tube; Through type (2) just can obtain Δ X
Cl
Then according to the computing formula B=Δ N-k Δ X of concentration
ClAs can be known, the calibration formula under the variable concentrations is:
N
1=kX
cl1+B
N
2=kX
cl2+B
Two formulas are subtracted each other, obtain:
N
1-N
2=(kX
cl1+B)-(kX
cl2+B)
That is:
ΔN=kΔX
cl
Because of Δ X
ClCalculate, have only that concentration changes in the calibrating tube this moment, can obtain calibration coefficient k:
Wherein: Δ N=|Nbd2-Nbd1|;
Again by N
1=kX
Cl1The computing formula that+B marks stable constant value B as can be known is:
B=ΔN-kΔX
cl
At last,, obtain calibration formula, finish demarcation according to calibration coefficient k and mark stable constant value B:
N=kX+B
The benefit of doing like this is to have avoided demarcating the measuring error of introducing under the different light paths condition, simultaneously, has reduced the device disassembly process, makes operation simplify greatly.Disadvantage has been introduced measuring error with regard to the influence that is flue dust, but this error can be demarcated the sampling time by prolonging, and increases the sample number and is subdued.
The system works principle:
System comes detected gas concentration by the variation of detected gas transmitted light intensity or reflective light intensity.Every kind of gas molecule all has absorption or the radiation spectrum feature of oneself, and the emission spectrum of light source is only just producing absorption with the overlapping part of gas absorption spectrum, and the light intensity after the absorption will change.This light wave produces the phenomenon that absorbs is summarized as absorbance and dielectric thickness by Bouguer and Lambert in the period of 1729~1760 relation by medium, and Beer has proposed the relation of absorbance and concentration of medium again in 1852, promptly
I=I
0exp(-a
lCL), (3)
I in the formula
0Be that wavelength is the light intensity of monochromatic light before entering absorption gas of l, C is the concentration of absorbing medium, a
lBe the absorption coefficient of unit length unit's concentration, L is the length of light by medium.
Formula (1) is called Beer-Lambert law, and it has shown the relation between absorbance log and absorption path and the concentration of medium.
Treatment circuit adopts single wavelength bifocal path technique, Wavelength modulation spectroscopy technology and the phase lock amplifying technology of Difference Absorption.
The key factor that has influence on spectral absorption formula gas sensor includes: stability of light source, light path coupling place lotus root are closed drift of element in variation, driving and the testing circuit of variation, optic path characteristic of variation, the environmental factor (temperature etc.) of state etc.Influencing spectral absorption formula gas sensor for these mainly is to reduce and eliminate by differential absorption method and modulation-demodulation technique.
The principle of Difference Absorption technology is originally only to adopt the sensing arrangement of one road light beam to change two-way into, and wherein one the tunnel is can be by gas absorption and with the spectral absorption information that goes up gas, other one the tunnel then by gas absorption, as reference path is provided.When this two-way adopted the device of identical parameters, the instability of light source and the drift of photoelectric device were identical to the influence of two paths of signals, and then the ratio of detection signal and reference signal is with relevant with the concentration of gas.
Because the signal intensity of spectral absorption is very faint, is fallen into oblivion by noise usually.In order to detect the poor absorption change in signal strength, must there be very high signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) in system.Wavelength modulation spectroscopy technology and phase lock amplifying technology can greatly improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) exactly, the technology that useful signal is detected from noise.
Claims (2)
1. the optical axis governor motion of a flue gas content laser on-line detecting system is characterized in that:
Described primary optic axis governor motion comprises first converter (6), be arranged on two blocks of quartz glasss (25) of the first converter both ends of the surface, be arranged on two view windows (26) of the first converter two sides, the sphere that is arranged between the background gas sealed tube and first converter is regulated flange, described sphere is regulated flange and is connected with the background gas sealed tube is coaxial, and is connected with the side of first converter by four adjustment screws;
The described second optical axis governor motion comprises second converter (29), be arranged on two blocks of quartz glasss (25) of the second converter both ends of the surface, be arranged on two view windows (26) of the second converter two sides, the sphere that is arranged between second converter and the calibrating tube is regulated flange, described sphere is regulated flange and is connected with calibrating tube is coaxial, and is connected with the side of second converter by four adjustment screws;
The described primary optic axis governor motion and the second optical axis governor motion communicate with flue by the gate valve flange respectively.
2. the optical axis governor motion of flue gas content laser on-line detecting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described gate valve flange is 100mm.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105259137A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-20 | 安徽中科智泰光电测控科技有限公司 | Automatic absorption spectrum online in-situ measuring device for laser ammonia escape of pipeline |
CN105486292A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-13 | 聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司 | Coaxiality adjusting device and method |
CN105745527A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2016-07-06 | 热电科学仪器有限公司 | Improved motorized variable path length cell for spectroscopy |
CN107101941A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-29 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | A kind of Terahertz near field micro-imaging detector |
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2011
- 2011-06-15 CN CN2011201991003U patent/CN202092947U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105745527A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2016-07-06 | 热电科学仪器有限公司 | Improved motorized variable path length cell for spectroscopy |
CN105745527B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2019-05-14 | 热电科学仪器有限公司 | Improved motor-driven variable pathlength unit for spectroscopy |
CN105259137A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-20 | 安徽中科智泰光电测控科技有限公司 | Automatic absorption spectrum online in-situ measuring device for laser ammonia escape of pipeline |
CN105486292A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-13 | 聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司 | Coaxiality adjusting device and method |
CN107101941A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-29 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | A kind of Terahertz near field micro-imaging detector |
CN107101941B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-08-02 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | A kind of Terahertz near field micro-imaging detector |
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