CN202075040U - Automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector based on sine wave modulation - Google Patents
Automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector based on sine wave modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN202075040U CN202075040U CN2011201299506U CN201120129950U CN202075040U CN 202075040 U CN202075040 U CN 202075040U CN 2011201299506 U CN2011201299506 U CN 2011201299506U CN 201120129950 U CN201120129950 U CN 201120129950U CN 202075040 U CN202075040 U CN 202075040U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment and particularly discloses an automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector based on sine wave modulation. The automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector comprises spectrum signal emission circuit modules which are successively serially connected, an optical path module, a spectrum signal receiving circuit module and a spectrum signal analysis module. Based on that reflectivities at different spectrum wave bands are different, the automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector can modulate different spectrum signals at different wave bands with sine waves with different frequencies. The automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector can effectively eliminate interference among different probes, can accurately detect biological parameters of a detected plant, such as tree/crops branch and leaf density index, thereby realizing spectrum detection of tree/crops branch and leaf density bioinformation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the agricultural equipment technical field, particularly a kind of automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation.
Background technology
At present, target spraying is to realize efficient, low a kind of important method of polluting pesticide application.So-called target spraying is exactly only target to be sprayed, and does not spray or few as far as possible spraying for non-target.In the target spraying apparatus, the target detector is a key component.
At spatial transmission, it projects the radiation of body surface to light in the mode of electromagnetic radiation, and a part is reflected by body surface, and another part is absorbed by object.The ratio of reflection or absorbed radiation is different because of the spectrum characteristic of radiation wavelength, object, therefore in certain wave band or wavelength coverage, can utilize the spectral signature of object to come recognition object.Detecting technique is exactly to utilize that reflection or the target, background own radiation electromagnetic difference of light source on target and background surveyed, recognition objective, and they are followed the tracks of, aim at or other corresponding processing are implemented.
At present, the plant target is surveyed detecting technique, supersonic sounding technology, microwave sounding technology and image detection technology etc.The microwave sounding technology still is not suitable for the popularization of agricultural production owing to be subjected to restrictions such as Communication Control technical sophistication, economy be relatively poor.Though the Flame Image Process Detection Techniques can detect the profile of target preferably, determine the coverage that sprays and the amount of spraying, but because of its less stable, complicacy and data processing amount are big, response speed is slow and cost than problems such as height, therefore, this technology also is in laboratory stage mostly, is applied to the less of online in real time operation.Though the supersonic sounding technology is uncomplicated, its financial cost is high more a lot of than detecting technique.Detecting technique is compared with other Detection Techniques, fast because of its response speed, can realize contactless detection, strong interference immunity, good reliability, cost is lower, simple in structure, volume is little, advantage such as low in energy consumption, be widely used in online in real time detection and the detection.As shown in Figure 1, be prior art photodetector detectable signal effect synoptic diagram.This detector comprises 2 groups, and it has light signal emission element and receiving-member, and the reflected signal that takes place often in the prior art in 1 group is detected by the receiving-member in 2 groups; And 2 groups reflected signal is received by 1 group exploring block easily, disturb and mistake is surveyed thereby form, and light path also can be subjected to the interference of air mid-infrared light line.
In agriculture application facet, adopt saturating reflection test sample mode can obtain the visible-near-infrared spectrum of plant leaf blade, set up the Quantitative Analysis Model of plant leaf blade chlorophyll content and blade absorption spectrum after the data that sampling is obtained are handled then, utilize this model that the forecast set sample is predicted at last, promptly utilize the other biological information of plant targets such as visible-near-infrared spectrum technology Non-Destructive Testing chlorophyll content in leaf blades, can obtain the feature of plant target according to these biological informations, with the action of decision-making performer.But the agricultural operation environment shines under the condition at outdoor natural light mostly, the interference of environment temperature, humidity and ambient light is bigger to the interference of detecting module, and then influenced measuring accuracy, especially when needing quantitative measurement, just require system must have stronger antijamming capability and higher sensitivity.
In existing automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector, in order to improve the interference free performance of detection system, its receive-transmit system has adopted digital code modulation mode, but its antijamming capability still a little less than, and owing to belong to square-wave frequency modulation, a reception modulating frequency is higher, output power can't be regulated, and detection range can't be regulated, and can't be used for the quantitative measurment of system.
The utility model content
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation, utilize the difference of different spectral bands place reflectivity, and the spectral signal of different-waveband modulated with the sine wave of different frequency, can effectively eliminate the phase mutual interference between the different probes, can accurately calculate trees/crops branches and leaves dnesity index etc. by the biological parameter of measuring plants, and then realize the spectrographic detection of trees/crop plant branches and leaves density biological information.
(2) technical scheme
In order to address the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation, and comprising: many groups are spectral signal radiating circuit module, light path module, spectral signal receiving circuit module and the spectral signal analysis module of series connection successively;
Described spectral signal radiating circuit module is used for the sine wave to target emission different frequency, and described sine wave is amplified modulation treatment;
Described light path module is used to filter the sine wave of described spectral signal radiating circuit module emission; And it is used to make the sinusoidal wave light signal of described spectral signal radiating circuit module emission and sinusoidal wave light signal that the spectral signal receiving circuit module receives all to have convergence;
Described spectral signal receiving circuit module is used to receive sinusoidal wave light signal that reflect from target and after the light path resume module, and the sinusoidal wave light signal that will receive carries out the rectifying and wave-filtering processing;
Described spectral signal analysis module is used for calculating by the biological parameter of measuring plants according to the spectral signal that described spectral signal receiving circuit module receives, and realizes the spectrographic detection to tested plant biological parameter.
Further, described spectral signal radiating circuit module comprises sine wave oscillation circuit, totalizer, voltage controlled current source circuit and the LED light emitting diode that is connected in series; The sinusoidal wave frequency difference of described many group sine wave oscillation circuits emission.
Further, described spectral signal receiving circuit module comprises and the corresponding photoelectric cell that is connected in series successively of many described spectral signal radiating circuit modules of group, current/voltage-converted circuit, bandpass filter and rectifier filer.
Further, described light path module comprises optical filter and the convex lens that connect successively.
Further, described spectral signal radiating circuit module comprises direct current biasing; Connect with totalizer after described direct current biasing and the described sine wave oscillation circuit parallel connection.
Further, described voltage controlled current source circuit is connected to form by amplifier and the Darlington transistor that plays the effect of expansion stream.
Further, the sine wave oscillation circuit that described bandpass filter is identical with its frequency mates.
Further, described spectral signal analysis module comprises analog-to-digital conversion device, single-chip microcomputer, relay and the solenoid valve that connects successively.
Further, described sine wave oscillation circuit adopts wien-bridge oscillator.
(3) beneficial effect
The automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation that the utility model provides has the following advantages:
(1) utilizes the difference of different spectral bands place reflectivity, and the spectral signal of different-waveband modulated with the sine wave of different frequency, can effectively eliminate the phase mutual interference between the different probes, can accurately calculate trees/crops branches and leaves dnesity index (LDI) etc. by the biological parameter of measuring plants, and then realize the spectrographic detection of trees/crop plant branches and leaves density biological information.
(2) can realize the quantitative measurment of near infrared/visible light signal intensity,, reach the purpose of the smart amount of intelligence, make the no target amount of spraying reduce to minimum degree the target dispenser to realize surveying the biological information of plant target.
(3) have wide range of applications.This spectral detector is except being applied in the farmland sprays insecticide, and also can be applicable to carry out weeds as places such as rail, road both sides, airport and water route are along the line and removes operation etc., has broad application prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a prior art photodetector detectable signal effect synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector structural representation of the utility model embodiment based on sine wave modulation;
Fig. 3 is the utility model embodiment spectral signal radiating circuit modular structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the utility model embodiment spectral signal radiating circuit module circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 is the utility model embodiment spectral signal receiving circuit module structural representation;
Fig. 6 is the utility model embodiment spectral signal receiving circuit module circuit diagram;
Fig. 7 is a photronic spectral response curve synoptic diagram in the utility model embodiment spectral signal receiving circuit module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but are not used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model embodiment comprises many groups spectral signal radiating circuit module, light path module and spectral signal receiving circuit module and the spectral signal analysis module of series connection successively based on the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector of sine wave modulation.
This spectral signal radiating circuit module is used for the sine wave to target emission different frequency, and this sine wave is amplified modulation treatment;
This light path module is used for the sine wave of filter light spectrum signal radiating circuit module emission; And it is used to make the sinusoidal wave light signal of spectral signal radiating circuit module emission and sinusoidal wave light signal that the spectral signal receiving circuit module receives all to have convergence;
This spectral signal receiving circuit module is used to receive sinusoidal wave light signal that reflect from target and after the light path resume module, and the sinusoidal wave light signal that will receive carries out the rectifying and wave-filtering processing;
This spectral signal analysis module comprises analog-to-digital conversion device, single-chip microcomputer, relay and solenoid valve, be used for accurately calculating trees/crops branches and leaves dnesity index, chlorophyll content etc. by the biological parameter of measuring plants according to the spectral signal information that receives, realization is to the spectrographic detection of trees/crop plant branches and leaves density biological information (for example leaf area index, branches and leaves density information etc.), reach the purpose of the smart amount of intelligence, make the no target amount of spraying reduce to minimum degree the target dispenser.
In the agricultural, the used spectral range of most of spectral investigations is visible range (400-700nm) and near-infrared region (700-2500nm), because have bigger difference at the reflectance signature of this regional green plants and soil.The incident optical energy of green plants absorptive red light wave band, and the incident optical energy of reflection near-infrared band.And the reflection characteristic of farmland background (for example soil, plant residue, as wheat stubble etc.) forms distinct contrast with it, and is different fully with the reflectivity Characteristics of near-infrared band in visible red.The quantity of the many groups spectral signal radiating circuit module that adopts in the present embodiment, can spray the size of the reflected signal of target according to actual farmland, realize the quantitative measurment of near infrared/visible light signal intensity, to realize surveying the biological information of plant target, reach the purpose of the smart amount of intelligence, make the no target amount of spraying reduce to minimum degree the target dispenser.
As shown in Figure 3-4, spectral signal radiating circuit module comprises sine wave oscillation circuit, totalizer, voltage controlled current source circuit and the LED light emitting diode that is connected in series in the present embodiment.The sinusoidal visible light wave that should organize the sine wave oscillation circuits emission different with the infrared light wave frequency more.This spectral signal radiating circuit module also comprises dc bias circuit, connects with totalizer after dc bias circuit and the sine wave oscillation circuit parallel connection.
For example, present embodiment adopts two groups of spectral signal radiating circuit modules, sine wave oscillation circuit adopts sine-wave oscillator, produce the sine wave of 85HZ and two different frequencies of 135Hz respectively by two sine-wave oscillators, because the LED diode can only be operated in the forward conduction state, so carry out processing and amplifying after by totalizer by the sine wave after the direct current biasing effect, electric current by voltage-controlled current source generation sinusoidal variations drives high-power LED then, the frequency of light wave of the two ways of optical signals of LED output this moment is respectively 630HZ and 850Hz, the modulated carrier signal of this two ways of optical signals is that frequency is the sine wave signal of 85HZ and 135Hz, therefore, light intensity also changes with sinusoidal manner, reaches the effect of modulation.
Sine-wave oscillator adopts wien-bridge oscillator, and the element of its use only needs resistance capacitance, and waveform is relatively more pure, obtains the wider and continuously adjustable oscillation frequency of frequency easily.The starting condition for oscillation of this circuit is: loop gain A during starting oscillation
V=1+R
37/ (R
36+ RT
9) be slightly larger than 3, A when reaching stability
V=3.In order further to improve the stability of output voltage amplitude, the general nonlinear element that adopts in the negative feedback loop of amplifying circuit is adjusted the power of feedback automatically to keep the constant of output voltage.Therefore, in resistance R
37The silicon rectifier electric bridge of load is made by voltage stabilizing diode in one in parallel of both sides, and the rectifier bridge of being done load by voltage stabilizing diode is to utilize its nonlinear characteristic to play the autostable output amplitude.Regulate resistance R T
9Value, work as R
37/ (R
36+ RT
9)=2 o'clock, the output sinusoidal signal is stable and waveform distortion is little.
The voltage controlled current source circuit is connected to form by amplifier U5D among Fig. 4 and Darlington transistor TIP142.Wherein, amplifier is introduced degree of depth electric current series connection negative feedback, its output current I
o=U
In/ R
38, R
38Be the power interface earth resistance of 5.1 Ω, Darlington transistor TIP142 plays the effect of expanding stream.
The forward working current I of the great power LED light emitting diode that this device is selected for use
F=350mA, forward voltage 3.0V-3.7V.Its radiation intensity and drive current are just linear in one section interval, and drive current is too little.For guaranteeing that the LED light emitting diode is operated within the safe range of current, this device design output current I
oGet 100mA-400mA.Be input voltage U
InGet 0.51V-2.04V.
Totalizer is according to the requirement of voltage-controlled current source, constitutes anti-phase summing circuit and amplifier U5C constitutes see-saw circuit by amplifier U1B among Fig. 4.Direct current biasing is by resistance R among Fig. 3
27, R
28With potentiometer RT
7Form.Be operated in the better linearity scope for satisfying LED,, get R according to the value of the output voltage of oscillator
27=10K, R
28=3.7K, RT
7=10K changes direct current biasing between 1.3V-1.8V.The output voltage of totalizer is: U
o=-{ (R
30/ R
29) * U
Directly+ [R
30/ (R
32+ RT
8)] * U
Shake, R
30=R
29=130K, R
32=50K, RT
8=100K makes that direct current biasing is invariable when regulating the vibration output amplitude.U5C mainly is that the totalizer output voltage is anti-phase, makes the output positive voltage.
Shown in Fig. 5-6, the spectral signal receiving circuit module in the present embodiment comprises and the corresponding photoelectric cell that is connected in series successively of many group spectral signal radiating circuit modules, current/voltage-converted circuit, bandpass filter and rectifier filer.The frequency of this bandpass filter is identical with the frequency that sine-wave oscillator transmitted in the spectral signal radiating circuit module.
The spectral signal receiving circuit module detects the light intensity that receives by the light activated element silicon photocell, by the analysis of spectral signal analysis module and accurately calculate trees/crops branches and leaves dnesity index (LDI) etc., and then realize the spectrographic detection of trees/crop plant branches and leaves density biological information according to this intensity by the biological parameter of measuring plants (for example leaf area index, branches and leaves density information etc.).
Wherein, U2 is silicon photocell BPW20, and it is the highly sensitive silicon photocell that Vishay produces, and has bigger photosensitive area and lower dark current, and its spectral response curve as shown in Figure 7.U3 is high-impedance amplifier CA3140, and its feature is: high input impedance and extremely low offset current and higher voltage switching rate.Silicon photocell adopts light guide approach and CA3140 to form current/voltage converter in this device, and the low current signal that can accurately photoelectric cell be exported is converted to voltage signal.
Amplifier U1A forms a bandpass filter with the oscillator same frequency, the gain amplifier of this bandpass filter for in-phase end less than 3, for end of oppisite phase greater than 1.Its frequency-selecting principle is: input signal is delivered to the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier through potentiometer, by feeding back to in-phase end through Wen's electric bridge frequency selection network again after the amplifier output.Have only when a certain frequency in the input signal is consistent with the frequency selection network natural frequency circuit starting of oscillation that just is excited, and the pre-selected frequency signal of output amplitude peak.
The signal that the pure sinusoidal signal that obtains is sent by spectral signal radiating circuit module and reflected through object.This signal is through U
1BAccurate full-wave rectifying circuit by forming again after further amplifying by U1C, U1D.The advantage of this circuit is: overcome the conduction pipe pressure drop of diode, be particularly suitable for the rectification of small-signal; Can on RT1, do further Filtering Processing to signal by shunt capacitance.So just can obtain the DC level that is inversely proportional to the received signal power at output terminal.This output signal is delivered to the single-chip microcomputer processing unit finish subsequent processes such as corresponding signal process, judgement and execution.
Wherein, the light path module in the present embodiment comprises and is installed in the LED front end and optical filter and convex lens light sensation device front end respectively.For the directive property that increases light signal emission and the accuracy of reception, front end at LED installs convex lens additional, can make the light signal of dispersing of LED emission become directional light, make the modulated light signal of launching have convergence preferably, improve the radiation effect of the relative detection of a target of light signal.Before the receiving end photoelectric cell, add convex lens, so that the energy of reflected light signal focuses on the sensor devices better.This optical filter is used for filter light spectrum signal radiating circuit module sinusoidal wave light signal that launched and that the spectral signal receiving circuit module is received, makes it to have light signal needed, narrower wave band.
The automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector that the utility model provides based on sine wave modulation, utilize the difference of different spectral bands place reflectivity, can effectively eliminate the phase mutual interference between the different probes, can accurately calculate trees/crops branches and leaves dnesity index etc. by the biological parameter of measuring plants, and then realize the spectrographic detection of trees/crop plant branches and leaves density biological information.
Above embodiment only is used to illustrate the utility model; and be not to restriction of the present utility model; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from spirit and scope of the present utility model; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present utility model, and scope of patent protection of the present utility model should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation is characterized in that comprise: many groups are spectral signal radiating circuit module, light path module, spectral signal receiving circuit module and the spectral signal analysis module of series connection successively;
Described spectral signal radiating circuit module is used for the sine wave to target emission different frequency, and described sine wave is amplified modulation treatment;
Described light path module is used to filter the sine wave of described spectral signal radiating circuit module emission; And it is used to make the sinusoidal wave light signal of described spectral signal radiating circuit module emission and sinusoidal wave light signal that the spectral signal receiving circuit module receives all to have convergence;
Described spectral signal receiving circuit module is used to receive sinusoidal wave light signal that reflect from target and after the light path resume module, and the sinusoidal wave light signal that will receive carries out the rectifying and wave-filtering processing;
Described spectral signal analysis module is used for calculating by the biological parameter of measuring plants according to the spectral signal that described spectral signal receiving circuit module receives, and realizes the spectrographic detection to tested plant biological parameter.
2. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described spectral signal radiating circuit module comprises sine wave oscillation circuit, totalizer, voltage controlled current source circuit and the LED light emitting diode that is connected in series; The sinusoidal wave frequency difference of described many group sine wave oscillation circuits emission.
3. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described spectral signal receiving circuit module comprises and the corresponding photoelectric cell that is connected in series successively of many described spectral signal radiating circuit modules of group, current/voltage-converted circuit, bandpass filter and rectifier filer.
4. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described light path module comprises optical filter and the convex lens that connect successively.
5. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described spectral signal radiating circuit module comprises direct current biasing; Connect with totalizer after described direct current biasing and the described sine wave oscillation circuit parallel connection.
6. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described voltage controlled current source circuit is connected to form by amplifier and the Darlington transistor that plays the effect of expansion stream.
7. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the sine wave oscillation circuit that described bandpass filter is identical with its frequency mates.
8. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described spectral signal analysis module comprises analog-to-digital conversion device, single-chip microcomputer, relay and the solenoid valve that connects successively.
9. the automatic target detection spraying target spectral detector based on sine wave modulation as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described sine wave oscillation circuit adopts wien-bridge oscillator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011201299506U CN202075040U (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector based on sine wave modulation |
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| CN2011201299506U CN202075040U (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Automatic targeting spraying targeting spectrum detector based on sine wave modulation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102262057A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-11-30 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Automatic targeting/spraying target spectral detector based on sine-wave modulation |
-
2011
- 2011-04-28 CN CN2011201299506U patent/CN202075040U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102262057A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-11-30 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Automatic targeting/spraying target spectral detector based on sine-wave modulation |
| CN102262057B (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-12-26 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Automatic targeting/spraying target spectral detector based on sine-wave modulation |
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Granted publication date: 20111214 Effective date of abandoning: 20130306 |
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