CN201983768U - Small-sized slicing-type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system, comprising: a controller, a mechanical operation unit and an image processing unit; wherein, the controller is respectively connected with the mechanical operation unit and the image processing unit; the mechanical The operating unit is provided with a slicing device controlled by the controller; the controller controls and operates the slicing device in the mechanical operating unit, and controls the image processing unit to perform image acquisition and processing Generate a 3D internal structural model. Compared with the existing conventional CT three-dimensional reconstruction technology, the utility model has the disadvantage of damage to the measured object, but it has conventional advantages in the accuracy and resolution of the three-dimensional reconstruction, as well as in the miniaturization and cost reduction of equipment. CT incomparable advantages. Therefore, the utility model is suitable for application in some special detection fields, and is suitable for promotion to small scientific research and teaching units.

Description

Small sliced 3D structure reconstruction system

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of three-dimensional internal structure measurement, in particular, the utility model relates to a small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system.

Background technique

At present, in the field of three-dimensional internal structure reconstruction, the imaging system based on X-ray scanning is the most commonly used internal imaging system, and various types of CT (Computed Tomography) machines are also the most conventional detection equipment in the fields of medical inspection and industrial inspection.

CT is the English abbreviation of "Computed X-ray Tomography" or "Computed X-ray Tomography". It is the biggest breakthrough in X-ray diagnosis since Roentgen discovered X-ray in 1895. The product of the combination of X-ray inspection photography technology.

A CT machine is mainly composed of an X-ray emitting tube and a different number of detectors. The X-ray emitting tube is used to emit X-ray beams to scan the selected layer. Since the X-ray beams will interact with tissues of different densities, their intensity will be absorbed and attenuated accordingly after penetrating the scanning layer. The detector is used to detect the absorbed and attenuated X-ray beam. And the signal is converted into an electrical signal, and then converted into a digital signal by an analog/digital converter and then input to a computer for storage. The tomographic digital image of the scanning layer can be obtained by inverting the X-ray beam data detected in different directions.

Conventional CT machines can obtain three-dimensional images of materials or structures without loss. However, in small-scale scientific research and teaching experiments, if you want to obtain the fine three-dimensional structure inside the material or component, regardless of whether the test piece is damaged, the conventional CT machine is not necessarily the most ideal equipment, because:

1) Conventional CT equipment is very expensive, occupies a large area, and requires professionals to operate it. Such equipment is difficult for non-large users to afford and maintain.

2) The image obtained by conventional CT equipment is inverted to present the X-ray absorption rate, which is displayed as a black and white image or false color, with less information, and is not suitable for detecting objects with complex structures, nor can it be used for the same X-ray absorption rate. Components with different structures or colors are inspected.

3) The spatial resolution of images acquired by conventional CT equipment is low, making it difficult to detect fine structures.

The above factors determine that conventional CT equipment is difficult to promote and apply in some special scientific research and teaching fields.

Utility model content

The utility model relates to a small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system, which solves the problem that conventional CT equipment cannot be popularized and applied in some scientific research fields.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system, including: a controller, a mechanical operation unit and an image processing unit; The units are connected; the mechanical operation unit is provided with a slicing device controlled by the controller; the controller controls and operates the slicing device in the mechanical operation unit, and controls the image processing unit After image acquisition and processing, a three-dimensional internal structure model is generated.

Wherein, further, the mechanical operation unit includes: a slicing device, a horizontal conveying device, a lifting device, a cleaning device and a drying device, wherein:

A horizontal side of the horizontal conveying device is provided with the slicing device, lifting device, cleaning device and drying device;

Proximity sensors are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the slicing device, the cleaning device, the drying device and the image processing unit on the other horizontal side of the horizontal conveying device.

Wherein, further, the proximity sensors provided on the other horizontal side of the horizontal conveying device respectively corresponding to the positions of the slicing device, the cleaning device and the drying device are inductive proximity sensors.

Wherein, further, the proximity sensor disposed on the other horizontal side of the horizontal transfer device corresponding to the position of the image processing unit is a photoelectric switch proximity sensor.

Wherein, further, the slicing device is also provided with a displacement sensor for detecting the cutting thickness.

Wherein, further, the lifting device includes: a bracket, a lifting platform, a lifting screw, a lifting drive motor and a fixture; wherein, the bracket is a rectangular frame structure, and a lifting platform is vertically arranged inside the rectangular frame. The lifting platform is lifted and lowered by the lifting screw provided in the bracket. The lifting drive motor is arranged vertically above the support. The clamp is arranged on the lifting platform, and the bracket, the lifting platform, the lifting screw, the lifting drive motor and the clamp are kept on a vertical straight line.

Wherein, further, the support includes: a base, an upper support plate and a vertical guide rail; wherein, two vertical guide rails are arranged inside the support between the base and the upper support plate, and the lifting platform is set Between the two vertical guide rails, the lifting drive motor is arranged vertically above the upper support plate.

Wherein, further, the clamp includes: a clamp body, a mounting plate, a fixed block, a movable block, a guide shaft, a linear bearing, an adjustment screw, a spring, and a spring pressure plate; wherein, one end of the guide shaft is fixed on the mounting plate , the other end is installed on the fixed block; a movable block with the clamp body is installed on the guide shaft between the mounting plate and the fixed block; the movable block is connected with the guide shaft through the linear bearing, The guide shaft is also sleeved with the spring; the spring pressing plate is arranged between the spring and the mounting plate, and the spring pressing plate and the mounting plate are connected by at least one adjusting screw.

Wherein, further, the horizontal transfer device includes: a horizontal guide rail and a horizontal driving screw; the horizontal drive screw and the horizontal guide rail form the horizontal transfer device.

Wherein, further, the image processing unit includes: an image acquisition module, an image segmentation and extraction module, a spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module and a three-dimensional volume reconstruction module, wherein:

The image acquisition module is connected to the image segmentation and extraction module, receives the control signal sent by the controller and performs image acquisition, and then sends the collected two-dimensional tomographic color image to the image segmentation and extraction module;

The image segmentation and extraction module is connected to the image acquisition module and the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module, receives the two-dimensional tomographic color image sent by the image acquisition module, and uses a corresponding algorithm to analyze the relevant feature points in the two-dimensional tomographic color image and Segment and extract feature boundaries, generate a two-dimensional tomographic color image, and send the segmented and extracted two-dimensional tomographic feature image to the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module;

The spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module is connected to the image segmentation and extraction module and the three-dimensional volume reconstruction module to generate the three-dimensional coordinates of each point and boundary in the two-dimensional tomographic feature image, and then send it to the three-dimensional volume reconstruction module;

The three-dimensional body reconstruction module is connected with the three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module, and converts the three-dimensional coordinates obtained by the three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module into a closed surface model, and then converts the obtained three-dimensional coordinates into a closed surface model in the model A volume model containing the three-dimensional internal structure of the measured object is generated on the basis of the measured object, and converted into a data format compatible with the current mainstream three-dimensional program for output.

Compared with the existing conventional CT three-dimensional reconstruction technology, the small-scale sliced three-dimensional structure reconstruction system described in the utility model has the disadvantage of damaging the measured object, but its accuracy and resolution of the three-dimensional reconstruction , as well as equipment miniaturization and cost reduction have advantages that conventional CT cannot match. Therefore, the utility model is suitable for some special detection field applications, and is suitable for promoting to small scientific research and teaching units.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system described in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a specific structural diagram of the small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system described in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the lifting device on the mechanical operation unit of the system according to the embodiment of the utility model shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a front view of the fixture structure in the lifting device according to the embodiment of the utility model shown in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the fixture structure in the lifting device according to the embodiment of the utility model shown in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of the image processing unit of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 .

Fig. 7 is a flow chart of the processing effect of the object under test according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional structure diagram generated after the processing of an apple as the tested object according to the embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but not as a limitation to the utility model.

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the small-scale sliced three-dimensional structure reconstruction system described in the embodiment of the present invention. The system is used to generate a three-dimensional internal structure model of the measured object. The system includes: a controller 1, a mechanical operation unit 2 and an image processing unit 3; wherein the controller 1 is connected to the mechanical operation unit 2 and the image processing unit 3 respectively; the mechanical operation unit 2 is provided with a slicing device 21 controlled by the controller 1; The controller 1 controls the slicing device 21 in the mechanical operation unit 2 to slice the specimen, and controls the image processing unit 3 to collect, process and generate a three-dimensional internal structure model.

Specifically, the controller 1 controls the mechanical operation unit 2 to slice, clean and dry the measured object, and then controls the image processing unit 3 to image the surface of the measured object after slicing, cleaning and drying. Collect and process each two-dimensional tomographic color image after collection to generate a three-dimensional internal structure model of the measured object;

The mechanical operation unit 2 receives the control signal sent by the controller 1 to slice, clean and dry the measured object, and moves the sliced, cleaned and dried measured object to the image processing unit 3 Image collection office;

The image processing unit 3 collects images of the surface of the object under test after being sliced, cleaned and dried by the mechanical operation unit 2 according to the control signal sent by the controller 1, and collects two images of each collected image. The three-dimensional tomographic color image is processed to generate a three-dimensional internal structure model of the measured object.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the mechanical operation unit 2 includes: a slicing device 21, a horizontal transfer device 22, a lifting device 23, a cleaning device 24, and a drying device 25; wherein, a horizontal side of the horizontal transfer device 22 is respectively It is connected with the slicing device 21 , the lifting device 23 , the cleaning device 24 and the drying device 25 .

Specifically, the slicing device 21 is used for cutting the measured object;

The horizontal transfer device 22 is used to cooperate with the lifting device 23 to transfer the measured object to the slicing device 21, the cleaning device 24 and the drying device 25;

The lifting device 23 is used to cooperate with the horizontal transfer device 22 to transfer the measured object to the slicing device 21, the cleaning device 24 and the drying device 25;

The cleaning device 24 is used for cleaning the sliced test object;

The drying device 25 is used to dry the sliced object to be measured after cleaning;

The slicing device 21 mentioned above, the horizontal conveying device 22, the lifting device 23, the cleaning device 24 and the drying device 25 are all devices adopted in the prior art in this embodiment, for example, the slicing device 21 has a circular The device of blade cutting object, of course also can take the slicing device of other different structures here; Therefore, in the utility model, the structure of described slicing device, horizontal conveying device, lifting device, cleaning device and drying device is not specifically limited .

In addition, on the other horizontal side of the horizontal transfer device 22, a proximity sensor 26 is respectively provided at the positions corresponding to the slicing device 21, the cleaning device 24, the drying device 25 and the image processing unit 3, and the proximity sensor 26 is used for When the lifting device 23 moves from the horizontal conveying device 22 to the corresponding positions of the slicing device 21, the cleaning device 24, the drying device 25 and the image processing unit 3, a corresponding switch signal is sent out, and the system can analyze the switch signal. Know the working position where the lifting device 23 is located.

The proximity sensor 26 mentioned above has used two kinds in the utility model, is respectively the inductive type proximity sensor and the photoelectric proximity sensor; The proximity sensor set at the position of the device is an inductive proximity sensor; the proximity sensor set at the position corresponding to the image acquisition unit on the other horizontal side of the horizontal transmission device is a photoelectric proximity sensor. In addition, a displacement sensor 211 for detecting the cutting thickness is also provided in the slicing device 21 for real-time monitoring of the cutting thickness of the measured object.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the lifting device 23 includes: a bracket 231, a lifting platform 232, a lifting screw 233, a lifting drive motor 234, and a clamp 235; wherein, the bracket 231 is a rectangular frame structure, and the The inside of the frame body is vertically provided with a lifting platform 232, and the lifting platform 232 is lifted by the lifting screw 233 provided in the bracket 231, the lifting drive motor 234 is arranged on the vertical top of the bracket, and the clamp 235 is arranged on the lifting platform. on the platform 232, and the support 231, the lifting platform 232, the lifting screw 233, the lifting drive motor 234 and the clamp 235 are kept on a vertical straight line.

Further, the support 231 includes a base 2311, an upper support plate 2312 and a vertical guide rail 2313; wherein, two vertical guide rails 2313 are arranged inside the support 231 of the rectangular frame structure, specifically the base 2311 and the vertical guide rail 2313. Two vertical guide rails 2313 are arranged between the upper support plates 2312 , and the lifting platform is arranged between the two vertical guide rails 2313 , and the lifting drive motor 234 is arranged vertically above the upper support plate 2312 . A limiting baffle 2314 is provided at the joint between the upper support plate 231 and the lifting screw 233 .

The function of the limit baffle 2314 here is to play a protective role. Under normal circumstances, the lifting platform 232 cannot move to the position where the limit baffle 2314 is located. If the operation is improper, when the lifting platform 232 reaches the position of the limit baffle 2314, the proximity sensor installed on the limit baffle 2314 will A switch signal will be sent out, and the controller 1 will make corresponding processing after receiving the switch signal, so as to protect the small slice type 3D structure reconstruction system from being damaged due to misoperation.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the clamp 235 includes a clamp body 2351, a mounting plate 2352, a fixed block 2353, a movable block 2354, a guide shaft 2355, a linear bearing 2356, an adjusting screw 2357, a spring 2358 and a spring pressure plate 2359; in this embodiment, there are two springs 2358, one end of the guide shaft 2355 is fixed on the installation plate 2352, and the other end of the guide shaft 2355 is installed on the fixed block 2353; the installation plate 2352 and A movable block 2353 with the clamp body 2351 is installed on the guide shaft 2355 between the fixed blocks 2353, and the movable block 2353 is connected with the guide shaft 2355 through the linear bearing 2356; The spring 2358 is sleeved, and the spring pressing plate 2359 is arranged between the spring 2358 and the mounting plate 2352, so that the spring 2358 does not directly touch the mounting plate 2352, and the spring pressing plate 2359 and the mounting plate 2352 pass through Two adjustment screws 2357 are connected.

Wherein, the horizontal transmission device 22 includes a horizontal guide rail 221 and a horizontal driving screw 222 ; the horizontal guide rail 221 is set on the horizontal driving screw 222 to form the horizontal transmission device 22 .

Wherein, the image processing unit 3 can use a high-resolution color CCD camera and a computer in the first embodiment of the utility model, and the slicer 21 can use a precision grinding and polishing machine in the first embodiment.

Here, the function of the displacement sensor 211 for detecting the cutting thickness will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. When the measured object does not touch the cutting surface of the slicing device 21, the reading of the displacement sensor 211 is zero. When the object to be measured touches the cutting surface of the slicing device 21 and the elevating table 232 continues to move downward, the object to be measured performs telescopic movement along the two vertical guide rails 2313 with springs 2358 to drive the displacement sensor 211 for detecting the cutting thickness The movement of the thimble makes the displacement sensor 211 that detects the cutting thickness generate readings. Such as, the thickness that needs to slice is 1mm, can control lifting table 232 to move down by controller 1, as long as the reading of displacement sensor 211 when detecting cutting thickness is 1V (the displacement of this voltage value corresponding sensor is 1mm) stop, then Start the slicing device 21 to cut the measured object; during the cutting process, due to the self-weight of the measured object and the two springs 2358 next to it will gradually stretch, the entire movable block 2353 will gradually fall along with the cutting, and the thickness of the cut is detected. The reading of the displacement sensor 211 will gradually decrease until the reading is zero, at which point one slice can be considered as finished.

In addition, during the cutting process, the controller 1 monitors the cutting state of the measured object by detecting the voltage reading of the displacement sensor 211 of the cutting thickness. The two springs 2358 can play the role of flexible loading, and the adjustment screw 2357 above the spring pressing plate 2359 The force exerted by the two springs 2358 on the measured object when the measured object is cut can be adjusted. The force on the measured object can be adjusted according to the material and cutting needs of the measured object. Next to the displacement sensor 211 that detects the cutting thickness is provided with a proximity sensor 26, that is, the proximity sensor 26 that corresponds to the slicing device 21 on the horizontal conveying device. The displacement sensor 211 that detects the cutting thickness is damaged.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, the image processing unit 3 in the system includes: an image acquisition module 31, an image segmentation and extraction module 32, a spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module 33 and a three-dimensional volume reconstruction module 34; wherein,

The image acquisition module 31 is connected to the image segmentation and extraction module 32, and is used to acquire the two-dimensional tomographic color image of the surface of the measured object after being sliced, cleaned and dried by the mechanical operation unit 2, and The collected image data is sent to the image segmentation and extraction module 32;

The image segmentation and extraction module 32 is connected to the image acquisition module 31 and the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module 33, specifically, the controller 1 controls the image acquisition module 31 to perform image acquisition on the dried measured object, and Each two-dimensional tomographic color image after image acquisition is input to the image segmentation and extraction module 32, and the image segmentation and extraction module 32 performs various color, feature points and boundaries in each two-dimensional tomographic color image through a relevant digital image algorithm. Segment and extract, and send each two-dimensional tomographic feature image after segmentation and extraction to the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module 33; wherein, the digital image algorithm technology can be an existing commonly used technology, and for those skilled in the art , which is not specifically limited here.

The spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module 33 is connected with the image segmentation and extraction module 32 and the three-dimensional volume reconstruction module 34; wherein, the above-mentioned image segmentation and extraction module 32 is only for the relevant features in each two-dimensional tomographic color image Points are segmented and extracted. Next, it is necessary to generate corresponding three-dimensional coordinates for the segmented and extracted two-dimensional tomographic color images, and then send the generated three-dimensional coordinates to the three-dimensional volume reconstruction module 34 . Therefore, in the first embodiment, specifically: the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module 33 generates three-dimensional coordinates for each point in each two-dimensional tomographic feature image, and the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module 33 can generate the three-dimensional coordinates according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each point The three-dimensional coordinates of the measured object in space. The above constitutes the point cloud image of the three-dimensional coordinates of the measured object. Specifically, each point generates three-dimensional coordinates, and the x and y coordinate units of each point are pixels, and the z coordinate unit is the number of layers, so all must be converted into the international system of units before the three-dimensional coordinates of the measured object can be generated. . Therefore, the true value of the z coordinate can be obtained by multiplying the number of layers and the actual distance of each layer during cutting, while the true value of the x and y coordinates needs to be obtained through the target surface resolution calibration test of the image acquisition device.

The three-dimensional body reconstruction module 34 is connected with the three-dimensional space coordinate acquisition module 33; the three-dimensional body reconstruction module 34 connects three points adjacent to each point in the point cloud diagram of the space three-dimensional coordinates formed by the space three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module 33, forming A triangular surface (or small plane), these triangular surfaces are combined to form a closed area surface model, and then the area surface model is converted into a 3D internal structure model containing the measured object and generated with the current mainstream 3D program Compatible data formats.

The installation steps included in the above-mentioned embodiments are only for reference. For those skilled in the art, the logical relationship of the implementation may be changed according to actual needs, and will not be listed here.

Hereinafter, the small-scale sliced three-dimensional structure reconstruction system of the present invention will be described in detail with specific operation examples.

As shown in Figure 7, taking the granite material as an example, when studying the influence of its mesostructure on the mechanical properties of the material, it is often necessary to know the three-dimensional structure diagram of its internal minerals and mesoscopic defects. In order to obtain its internal three-dimensional structure diagram, the studied granite material can be processed into a cylindrical specimen with a diameter of 2 to 6 cm, and then the granite cylindrical specimen is loaded into the small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system described in the present invention In the clamp 235 of the middle lifting platform 232. If the thickness of the slice is 1 mm and there are 100 slices, the thickness d of the required slice can be set to 1 mm by the controller 1, the total number of slices can be set to 100, and the acquisition mode of the image collected by the image processing unit 3 can be set by the controller 1 In order to trigger the acquisition; combined with that shown in Figure 1, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

One, the tested granite cylinder test piece is installed in the fixture 235 on the lifting device 23 in the mechanical operation unit 2 of the present utility model, and the lifting platform 232 in the lifting device 23 drives the granite cylindrical test piece to move downward, and the slicing device 21 The corresponding displacement sensor 211 for detecting the cutting thickness detects in real time whether the required slice thickness of the granite cylindrical specimen reaches 1 mm, and if so, instructs the slicing device 21 to cut;

Two, the controller 1 monitors the reading of the displacement sensor 211 of the cutting thickness in real time. If the reading is zero, it is considered that the round of slicing is over, and the slicing device is closed and the lifting device 23 is raised by a certain distance;

3. The clamp 235 in the lifting device 23 clamps the cut granite, and the cut granite is conveyed to the water tank through the horizontal conveying device 22 (here the cleaning device 24 is set as a water tank). When the proximity sensor 26 on the position corresponding to the water tank detects that the lifting device 23 arrives, it sends a switch signal, and the controller 1 opens the water tank after receiving this signal, and the lifting device 23 puts the cut granite into the water tank for cleaning;

4. After the cleaning is completed, according to the instructions of the controller 1, the lifting device 23 carries the cleaned granite and moves to the drying device 25, and the drying device 25 performs drying treatment on the cut granite;

5. After the drying is completed, the lifting device 23 carries the dried granite to the image processing unit 3, and the image processing unit 3 collects images of the cut granite surface, processes and stores the collected color image data .

6. The lifting device 23 returns to the slicing device 21 through the horizontal conveying device 22 and starts the next round of cutting. This loops until the total number of slices reaches 100. Slicing is over. After slicing, the image processing unit 3 performs three-dimensional reconstruction on the 100 previously collected two-dimensional tomographic images to obtain a three-dimensional internal structure model of the studied granite. After the three-dimensional internal structure model is obtained, researchers can carry out subsequent mechanical analysis. Of course, it is also possible to take the apple shown in Figure 8 as an example, and slice it to obtain a three-dimensional structure diagram of relevant internal tissues. Based on this three-dimensional structure diagram, a large number of in-depth biological analyzes can be performed.

The utility model can also introduce an improved control algorithm and a high-precision real-time monitoring system. Specifically, it adopts a closed-loop improved PID control method. This method mainly controls the precise operation of the two driving motors to ensure the reconstruction of the small sliced three-dimensional structure. Every operation of the system is fast and precise.

Compared with the existing conventional CT three-dimensional reconstruction technology, the small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system described in the utility model has the disadvantage of damage to the measured object, but its accuracy and resolution of the three-dimensional reconstruction , as well as equipment miniaturization and cost reduction have advantages that conventional CT cannot match. The utility model can run on an ordinary small workbench, and the precision of slicing can be as high as 0.02mm. The higher the value, the higher the accuracy of the established 3D model. The manufacturing cost of the utility model can be controlled within 50,000 yuan. Therefore, the utility model is suitable for application in some special detection fields, and is suitable for promotion to small scientific research and teaching units.

Of course, the utility model can also have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the utility model without departing from the spirit and essence of the utility model, but These corresponding changes and deformations should all belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system, characterized in that: The system includes: a controller, a mechanical operation unit and an image processing unit; Wherein, the controller is respectively connected with the mechanical operation unit and the image processing unit; the mechanical operation unit is provided with a slicing device controlled by the controller; the controller controls all the mechanical operation units in the mechanical operation unit. and operate the slicing device, and control the image processing unit to collect and process images to generate a three-dimensional internal structure model. 2. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical operation unit includes: a slicing device, a horizontal conveying device, a lifting device, a cleaning device and a drying device, wherein: A horizontal side of the horizontal conveying device is provided with the slicing device, lifting device, cleaning device and drying device; Proximity sensors are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the slicing device, the cleaning device, the drying device and the image processing unit on the other horizontal side of the horizontal conveying device. 3. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The proximity sensors provided on the other horizontal side of the horizontal conveying device respectively corresponding to the positions of the slicing device, the cleaning device and the drying device are inductive proximity sensors. 4. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The proximity sensor disposed corresponding to the position of the image processing unit on the other horizontal side of the horizontal transfer device is a photoelectric switch proximity sensor. 5. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A displacement sensor for detecting cutting thickness is also arranged in the slicing device. 6. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting device includes: a bracket, a lifting platform, a lifting screw, a lifting drive motor and a fixture; wherein, The support is a rectangular frame structure, and a lifting platform is vertically arranged inside the rectangular frame; the lifting platform is lifted and lowered by the lifting screw provided in the support; the lifting drive motor is arranged vertically above the support; The clamp is arranged on the lifting platform, and the support, the lifting platform, the lifting screw, the lifting drive motor and the clamp are kept on a vertical straight line. 7. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The support includes: a base, an upper support plate and a vertical guide rail; wherein, Two vertical guide rails are arranged inside the bracket between the base and the upper support plate, and the lifting platform is arranged between the two vertical guide rails, and the lifting drive motor is arranged vertically above the upper support plate . 8. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The clamp includes a clamp body, a mounting plate, a fixed block, a movable block, a guide shaft, a linear bearing, an adjusting screw, a spring, and a spring pressure plate; wherein, One end of the guide shaft is fixed on the mounting plate, and the other end is mounted on the fixed block; a movable block with the clamp body is installed on the guide shaft between the mounting plate and the fixed block; The movable block is connected with the guide shaft through the linear bearing, and the spring is also sleeved on the guide shaft; the spring pressing plate is arranged between the spring and the mounting plate, and the spring pressing plate and the mounting plate are passed through At least one adjusting screw connection. 9. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal transmission device includes: a horizontal guide rail and a horizontal driving screw; the horizontal driving screw and the horizontal guide rail form the horizontal transmission device. 10. The small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The image processing unit includes: an image acquisition module, an image segmentation and extraction module, a spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module and a three-dimensional volume reconstruction module, wherein: The image acquisition module is connected to the image segmentation and extraction module, receives the control signal sent by the controller and performs image acquisition, and then sends the acquired two-dimensional tomographic color image to the image segmentation and extraction module; The image segmentation and extraction module is connected to the image acquisition module and the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module, receives the two-dimensional tomographic color image sent by the image acquisition module, and performs various color corrections on each two-dimensional tomographic color image. segmenting and extracting, and sending each segmented and extracted two-dimensional tomographic color image to the spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module; The spatial three-dimensional coordinate acquisition module is connected to the image segmentation and extraction module and the three-dimensional volume reconstruction module to generate the three-dimensional coordinates of each point and boundary in each two-dimensional tomographic color image, and then send it to the three-dimensional volume reconstruction module; The 3D body reconstruction module is connected with the space 3D coordinate acquisition module, converts the 3D coordinates into a closed surface model, generates a 3D internal structure volume model on the surface model, and then converts it into a data format for output.

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