CN201956681U - Power cord electromagnetic pulse protector - Google Patents
Power cord electromagnetic pulse protector Download PDFInfo
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- CN201956681U CN201956681U CN2010206896208U CN201020689620U CN201956681U CN 201956681 U CN201956681 U CN 201956681U CN 2010206896208 U CN2010206896208 U CN 2010206896208U CN 201020689620 U CN201020689620 U CN 201020689620U CN 201956681 U CN201956681 U CN 201956681U
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- electromagnetic pulse
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- discharge tube
- gas discharge
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a power cord electromagnetic pulse protector, which comprises a gas discharge tube, at least three voltage dependent resistors, a capacitor and an inductor, wherein the gas discharge tube is connected in series with one of the at least three voltage dependent resistors, and then is connected in parallel with another of the at least three voltage dependent resistors, the capacitor and the inductor.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of electromagnetic pulse protector, more specifically, relates to a kind of power line electromagnetic pulse protector.
Background technology
Following IT-based warfare, the electromagnetic environment that weaponry faces will be very complicated, equipment interference such as radar, radio communication of weapon platform self etc. is not only arranged, also to face between ourselves and the enemy electronic countermeasures and the electromagnetic interference of electromagnetic pulse bullet, high power microwave weapon, also have thunder and lightning, electrostatic interference in addition, this makes the electromagnetic environment in high-tech battlefield be tending towards abominable and complicated.Should possess adaptive capacity as the military electronics shelter of communication and command system to complex electromagnetic environment.And at present domesticly also do not have effectively to improve the ability that weaponry is tackled complicated galvanomagnetic effect environment, and realize the product of good economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of power line electromagnetic pulse protector, effectively improves the ability that weaponry is tackled complicated galvanomagnetic effect environment, and realizes good economic benefit.
The utility model provides a kind of power line electromagnetic pulse protector, is used to prevent because couplings such as power line cause the damage of circuit.
According to an embodiment, a kind of power line electromagnetic pulse protector comprises: gas discharge tube; At least three piezo-resistances; Electric capacity; And inductance; Wherein in described gas discharge tube and described at least three piezo-resistances connects, and is in parallel with in described at least three piezo-resistances another, and in parallel with described electric capacity and described inductance afterwards.
Preferably, described electric capacity comprises feedthrough capacitor, common mode capacitance, differential mode capacitor.
Preferably, described inductance comprises common mode inductance and differential mode inductance.
Description of drawings
By the detailed description of exemplary embodiment being carried out with reference to appended accompanying drawing, more than reach other feature and advantage and will become more obvious to those skilled in the art, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 illustrates the coupling path of electromagnetic pulse to communication system.
Fig. 2 illustrates the circuit diagram of power line electromagnetic pulse protector according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The utility model provides a kind of power line electromagnetic pulse protector, the present domestic similar products that also do not have, the successful research and development of product can be filled up the home products blank, effectively improve the ability that weaponry is tackled complicated galvanomagnetic effect environment, and realize good economic benefit.
The strong electromagnetic pulse characteristic
At present, the description of high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) radiation environment is had multiple, is mostly with the form of two indexes mathematic(al) representation as radiation waveform, its time domain expression formula as shown in Equation (1):
E (t)=E
0K (e
-α t-e
-β t) formula (1)
K is a correction factor, E
0Be the peak value field intensity, β, α are the parameters that characterizes the pulse before and after edge.
In one embodiment, formula (1) but in each value be E
0=50kV/m, α=4 * 10
7/ s, β=6 * 10
8/ s, k=1.3.
Strong electromagnetic pulse has following characteristics:
(1) amplitude is big.The electric field strength of electromagnetic pulse is at a few kilometer range Nei Keda 1～100,000 volts/rice.
(2) action time is short.The electric field change of nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP) is rapid, can rise to maximum in the time of 0.01-0.03 microsecond, also has only the time of tens microseconds from occurring to end, fast 50 times than lightning.
(3) frequency spectrum is wide.The wide frequency range of electromagnetic pulse (frequency from several hertz to 100 megahertzes), to military or civilian ultralow frequency (VLF), high frequency (HF), hyperfrequency (VHF) radio communication influence greatly.
(4) sphere of action is wide.During nuclear explosion in high altitude,, be covered with the vast area of the earth because its source region is in tens kilometers the sky overhead, the NEMP of emission downwards from large-area source region like this, its field intensity changes in vast zone not quite.When nuclear explosion occurs in ground or close ground, the about 3～8km of the covering radius in source region, but the electromagnetic pulse signal that radiates can pass to far place; When nuclear explosion occurs in 3～25 kilometers height, the about 2-8 kilometer of source region radius; When nuclear explosion takes place in the high-altitude of rarefaction of air more than 30 kilometers, because the gamma-rays decay is slower, thereby the distance that sees through is longer, sphere of action is wider, so that the destruction of nuclear electromagnetic pulse can reach thousands of kilometers, allly on the earth can see that the place of quick-fried point all can be subjected to the covering of electromagnetic pulse.
The coupling mechanism of electromagnetic pulse
Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is coupled into internal system by the Qianmen coupling or the back door of electronic equipment, can produce serious destruction to the communications electronics system.The Qianmen coupling is meant the inside that electromagnetic pulse is coupled to system by the antenna system of not having.Antenna system is used for power is coupled into and out of equipment, therefore an access arrangement is provided and has produced the active path that destroys to pulse power supply.Back door coupling is meant that electromagnetic pulse passes through to produce big transient current or electric standing wave on the cable of the holding electrical line of equipment and devices interconnect, and the damage of circuit can be caused in these energy access arrangement inside.Fig. 1 is the coupling path of electromagnetic pulse to communication system.As shown in Figure 1, the back door of communication system coupling mainly is by antenna, power line, holding wire, the slot coupling of the cabinet hole inside to system.
The antenna coupling
The dual-mode antenna that electromagnetic pulse is coupled to communication system will induce voltage or electric current, also will consider the frequency range response and the gain of this antenna certainly, just can respond to very big voltage when frequency is very high on very short antenna.These voltages or electric current will influence the operate as normal of system by cable transmission to internal system, will damage electronic circuit and components and parts thereof when serious.
Power line, holding wire coupling
Electromagnetic pulse is by power line, input and the output end signal line of communication system, and coupling electromagnetic pulse energy and produce the voltage or the current signal of certain intensity enters communication system in the mode of conduction coupling again then.
The slot coupling of cabinet hole
Because the cable of ventilation and heat and turnover cabinet need perforate on shielding case.When the size of hole seam greater than two of electromagnetic wavelength/for the moment, electromagnetic wave can enter cabinet inside, the screening effectiveness of cabinet will greatly reduce.When having the lead of perforation to pass in the aperture, if electromagnetic pulse incident electric field and the partial parallel of perforation lead outside cabinet, then connect lead can be directly from the in-field coupling electromagnetic energy and be introduced into circuit in the cabinet, the couple current on the circuit significantly strengthens in the cabinet thereby make.In addition, the scattered field that shielding case shell induced current forms by with connect the lead coupling, also can in cabinet, produce stronger couple current on the circuit, and the couple current peak value can increase with connecting the increase that lead exposes to the cabinet partial-length.
The mechanism and the method that suppress electromagnetic pulse
Surge suppression device commonly used is gas discharge tube, Transient Voltage Suppressor, piezo-resistance, semiconductor diode etc.Their operation principle difference, but similar voltage-current characteristic is arranged, very little when promptly both end voltage is lower than assigned voltage by electric current, and after both end voltage is higher than assigned voltage, can be index law by electric current and increases.This voltage-current characteristic makes it can satisfy the requirement that surge suppresses cascading water and amplitude limit simultaneously, thereby also just becomes the leading device that surge suppresses.
Gas discharge tube can be used for aspects such as data wire, cable TV, AC power, telephone system and carry out surge protection, and general device voltage scope is from 75～10000V, and shock-resistant peak current 20000A can bear the discharge up to several kJ (kilojoule)s.
The major parameter of gas discharge tube:
1) reaction time refers to surpass puncture voltage to the time that produces punch-through from applied voltage, and the gas discharge tube reaction time is generally in μ s numbers of poles.
2) power capacity refers to the ceiling capacity that gas discharge tube can bear and distributes, and it is defined as under 8 * 20 fixing μ s current waveforms, the electric current that can bear and distribute.
3) capacitance refers to the gas discharge tube two interpolar capacitances that record under specific 1MHz frequency.The gas discharge tube capacitance is very little, is generally≤1pF.
4) dc breakdown voltage, when the speed rising of applied voltage with 500V/s, the voltage when discharge tube produces spark is puncture voltage.Gas discharge tube has the dc breakdown voltage of multiple different size, and its value depends on factors such as the kind of gas and interelectrode distance.
5) temperature range, its operating temperature range are generally between-55 ℃～+ 125 ℃.
The advantage of gas discharge tube is that the through-current capacity capacity is big, the insulation resistance height, and leakage current is little; Its shortcoming is that residual voltage is higher, the reaction time slow (≤100ns), the operation voltage precision is lower, and follow current (afterflow) is arranged.
Piezo-resistance be a kind of be the nonlinear votage limit type resistance of metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) of Main Ingredients and Appearance with zinc oxide.The voltage-current characteristic of piezo-resistance is continuously and increases progressively, so there is not the blocking problem of afterflow in it.
Its operation principle is the zinc oxide of piezo-resistance and additive " sintering " under certain conditions, and resistance will be subjected to influencing strongly of voltage, and its electric current sharply rises along with the rising of voltage, and the curve of rising is a nonlinear exponent.When in normal working voltage, piezo-resistance is in a kind of high value state.When surge arrived, it was in channel status, and powerful electric current flows through self and leaks into the earth.After the surge, it returns to the high value state again at once.
Several important parameters of piezo-resistance comprise:
1) pressure sensitive voltage: pressure sensitive voltage be commonly considered as temperature be 20 on piezo-resistance, have the 1mA electric current to flow through when spending in, the corresponding voltage that is added in these resistance two ends.Pressure sensitive voltage generally than the crest voltage height of electrical network, is 0.7 times of crest voltage in AC network, and crest voltage is commonly considered as 2 times of the √ (crest voltage is 1.2 times of rated voltage during direct current) of ac grid voltage.Be formulated as: the VN in VN=VNH * √ 2 ÷ 0.7 formula is a pressure sensitive voltage; VNH is the electrical network rated voltage.
2) leakage current: leakage current is meant the electric current that under normal circumstances passes through the piezo-resistance microampere order of magnitude.Leakage current is the smaller the better.What should emphasize especially for leakage current is must be stable, does not allow to raise automatically at work, in case find that leakage current raises automatically, just should eliminate immediately, because the instability of leakage current is to quicken the immediate cause that lightning protection device is aging and lightning protection device explodes.Therefore when selecting this parameter of leakage current, can not pursue simply the smaller the better, so long as in electrical network permissible value scope, select leakage current value bigger slightly lightning protection device relatively, more stable on the contrary.
3) response time: the response time is meant that the voltage that is added in the lightning protection device two ends equals the required time of pressure sensitive voltage, reaches the complete conducting of lightning protection device after this time.The response time of piezo-resistance is about 25ns.
4) parasitic capacitance: piezo-resistance generally all has bigger parasitic capacitance, and its parasitic capacitance generally arrives between several thousand picofarads in the hundreds of picofarad, thereby it is unfavorable for the protection to the high-frequency electronic system.Because this parasitic capacitance can produce the distortion effect to the transmission of high-frequency signal, thereby influence the normal operation of system.Thereby, should select the low piezoresistive lightning protection device of parasitic capacitance to the protection of frequency higher system.
The advantage of piezo-resistance is that residual voltage is low, and the response time is fast, and for about 25ns, no afterflow can realize deterioration written instructions and fault remote signalling bulletin function.Therefore, the protection effect safety of piezo-resistance, reliable.It is product, particularly electric power commonly used in the present electric power system, telecommunications power supply field, outshines othersOne branch of the tree is particularly thriving especially.The shortcoming of piezo-resistance is that leakage current is arranged; Parasitic capacitance is bigger, is unfavorable for the protection to High-Frenquency Electronic Circuit.
The utility model provides a kind of power line electromagnetic pulse protector on the basis of above-mentioned gas discharge tube or semiconductor discharge tube or piezo-resistance, be used to prevent because couplings such as power line cause the damage of circuit.
The power line electromagnetic pulse protector that provides according to embodiment of the utility model can comprise gas discharge tube; At least three piezo-resistances; Electric capacity; And inductance; Wherein in described gas discharge tube and described at least three piezo-resistances connects, and is in parallel with in described at least three piezo-resistances another, and in parallel with described electric capacity and described inductance afterwards.
Fig. 2 illustrates the circuit diagram of power line electromagnetic pulse protector in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.From Fig. 2 as seen, the electromagnetic pulse protector can comprise gas discharge tube, piezo-resistance R1, R2, R3, feedthrough capacitor Cy, common mode capacitance Cy1, differential mode capacitor Cx, Cx1, common mode inductance L1, differential mode inductance L, ingress interface P-N and discharge coupling P '-N ', and E is an earth point.
This protector adopts two-stage electromagnetic pulse protection to add the solution of rf filtering.Gas discharge tube generally is placed on line input; as first order device of surge protector; bear big surge current, second level protection device adopts piezo-resistance or semiconductor discharge tube, in nanosecond response quickly in the time; if surge current is big; then its starting earlier, and certain surge current of releasing, the voltage at two ends can increase; until the discharge that promotes first order gas discharge tube, big current drain is arrived ground.This device can be used for protecting power supply, the supply line in the weaponry system, has ultralow ac leakage stream, can limit instantaneous overvoltage reliably, not only electromagnetic pulse is protected, and also has the function of radio frequency protection.
In one embodiment, can use components and parts as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Each embodiment is disclosed here, although and adopted concrete term, only on the meaning of broad sense and description, use and explain them, and and be not used in the purpose of qualification.Therefore, those of ordinary skills will appreciate that, under the situation of the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not exceed the claims record, can make on the various forms and details on change.
Claims (3)
1. a power line electromagnetic pulse protector is characterized in that, comprising:
Gas discharge tube;
At least three piezo-resistances;
Electric capacity; With
Inductance;
Connect for one in wherein said gas discharge tube and described at least three piezo-resistances, in parallel with in described at least three piezo-resistances another, and in parallel afterwards with described electric capacity and described inductance.
2. power line electromagnetic pulse protector as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described electric capacity comprises feedthrough capacitor, common mode capacitance, differential mode capacitor.
3. power line electromagnetic pulse protector as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described inductance comprises common mode inductance and differential mode inductance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010206896208U CN201956681U (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Power cord electromagnetic pulse protector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010206896208U CN201956681U (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Power cord electromagnetic pulse protector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201956681U true CN201956681U (en) | 2011-08-31 |
Family
ID=44500783
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010206896208U Expired - Fee Related CN201956681U (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Power cord electromagnetic pulse protector |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368377A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-23 | 华南理工大学 | Preceding-stage EMI filtering protective circuit of driving power source |
| CN103885343A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-25 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Wireless gateway device with explosion suppression and electromagnetic shielding function |
| CN104466937A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-25 | 国家电网公司 | Surge interference resisting protector based on electricity meter reading system |
| CN105656015A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-08 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Mining monitoring substation surge protection circuit |
| CN106849628A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 中国人民解放军61489部队 | A kind of high-power electromagnetic pulse protection module for power line |
| CN108631582A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-10-09 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of electric source filter circuit, battery management system and automobile |
| CN114243662A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-25 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | VFTO anti-interference circuit and switching device |
-
2010
- 2010-12-30 CN CN2010206896208U patent/CN201956681U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103885343A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-25 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Wireless gateway device with explosion suppression and electromagnetic shielding function |
| CN103368377A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-23 | 华南理工大学 | Preceding-stage EMI filtering protective circuit of driving power source |
| CN104466937A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-25 | 国家电网公司 | Surge interference resisting protector based on electricity meter reading system |
| CN105656015A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-08 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Mining monitoring substation surge protection circuit |
| CN106849628A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 中国人民解放军61489部队 | A kind of high-power electromagnetic pulse protection module for power line |
| CN108631582A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-10-09 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of electric source filter circuit, battery management system and automobile |
| CN114243662A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-25 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | VFTO anti-interference circuit and switching device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110831 Termination date: 20121230 |