CN201946190U - Experimental apparatus for diffraction of light - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to computer aided teaching experiment equipment, in particular to a light diffraction experiment instrument. It is composed of a diffraction device and a data acquisition card microcomputer. The diffraction device is composed of a laser generator, a lens, a grating, a lens, and a linear vibration CCD. The laser is sequentially shot through the slit, lens, grating, and lens to the linear vibration CCD to generate stripes. . The data acquisition card is written with experimental data and image processing software written in VB. The linear array CCD is used to collect the spectrum, and the experimental data is analyzed and processed by the experimental software written in VB. Because CCD has the advantages of high precision, fast response time, and strong anti-interference ability, it can replace the moving microscope, and students can observe the light intensity distribution of single-slit diffraction fringes on the computer screen in real time. It is easy to operate and has good repeatability. While adjusting the optical path, students can know whether the adjustment is in place by observing the real-time waveform displayed on the screen. After the adjustment is in place, simply press the corresponding key to let the computer process and report and record this. data to be measured.

Description

Light Diffraction Experimental Apparatus

technical field

The utility model belongs to computer aided teaching experiment equipment, in particular to a light diffraction experiment instrument.

Background technique

At present, most colleges and universities have set up experiments to measure the wavelength of light with single-slit diffraction. Most of the experimental methods directly use a moving microscope to observe the diffraction fringes produced by a single slit. The uncertainty limit of the micrometer eyepiece is 0.004mm, and care should be taken when measuring The drums must rotate in the same direction, and do not back up halfway to avoid pitch errors. The micrometer eyepiece is troublesome to observe, the viewing area is small (only one person can squint at the same time), the experimental environment is demanding (only in a dark environment), and it is easy to cause human error. This experimental system is a simple measurement method. The linear array CCD is used to replace the moving microscope, the experimental device is redesigned, the optical signal collected from the CD is directly observed on the computer, and the experimental data is analyzed and processed in real time. The experimental results show that the modified experiment has a large viewing area (can be observed by many people at the same time), has low environmental requirements (can be tested in a bright environment), and the experiment is intuitive and convenient. The relative error is less than 6%.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a light intensity distribution of single-slit diffraction fringes that can be observed on the computer screen in real time, with a large visible surface, a light diffraction experimenter that can be observed by multiple people at the same time, easy to operate, and has good repeatability .

The concrete technical scheme that realizes the purpose of this utility model is that it is made up of diffraction device, data acquisition card microcomputer, and diffraction device is made up of laser generator, lens, grating, lens, line vibration CCD, and laser light shoots through slit, lens successively , grating, and lens arrive at the line vibration CCD to generate stripes. The data acquisition card is written with experimental data and image processing software written in VB. The content contained in the VB software includes collecting interference fringe images, adjusting the size of the video frame, and using PictureClip1 to select, cut and enlarge part of the interference fringe images. , use the coordinate scale on the magnifying device to calibrate the magnified part of the interference fringe image on the computer screen, perform grayscale and binarization processing on the magnified part of the interference fringe image, and then calculate the diffraction fringe spacing by itself through computer VB software ΔX, and finally the final wavelength of sodium light is calculated by software.

The light diffraction experimental instrument of the utility model uses a linear array CCD to collect spectra, and uses experimental software written in VB to analyze and process experimental data. Because CCD has the advantages of high precision, fast response time, and strong anti-interference ability, it can replace the moving microscope, and students can observe the light intensity distribution of single-slit diffraction fringes on the computer screen in real time. It is easy to operate and has good repeatability. While adjusting the optical path, students can know whether the adjustment is in place by observing the real-time waveform displayed on the screen. After the adjustment is in place, simply press the corresponding key to let the computer process and report and record this. data to be measured. Features: (1) The experiment does not need to be carried out in a darkroom, nor does it require students to squint their eyes to read the data from the micrometer eyepiece, the whole experiment process is intuitive and convenient; (2) Students operate and adjust the experimental device, On the one hand, the data to be measured can be seen very intuitively on the computer screen in real time; (3) Students can make experimental reports on the system, and teachers can correct experimental reports on the system.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device for the slit diffraction experiment using the line vibration CCD

Fig. 2 is the software flowchart of the utility model embodiment

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is further described, but the utility model is not limited to the content of the embodiment.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the light diffraction experimental instrument of the present utility model is made up of diffraction device, data acquisition card microcomputer, and diffraction device is made up of laser generator, lens, grating, lens, linear vibration CCD, The laser light sequentially shoots through the slit, lens, grating, and lens to generate stripes on the line vibrating CCD. The data acquisition card is written with experimental data and image processing software written in VB. The content contained in the VB software includes collecting interference fringe images, adjusting the size of the video frame, and using PictureClip1 to select, cut and enlarge part of the interference fringe images. , using the coordinate scale on the magnifying device to calibrate the magnified part of the interference fringe image on the computer screen, perform grayscale and binarization processing on the magnified part of the interference fringe image, and then calculate the diffraction fringe spacing by computer VB software ΔX, and finally the final wavelength of sodium light is calculated by software.

Compile the corresponding software program through VB programming. The design idea is shown in Figure 2 as the software flow chart.

The linear array CCD is used to collect the spectrum, and the experimental data is analyzed and processed by the experimental software written in VB. Because CCD has the advantages of high precision, fast response time, and strong anti-interference ability, it can replace the moving microscope, and students can observe the light intensity distribution of single-slit diffraction fringes on the computer screen in real time. It is easy to operate and has good repeatability. While adjusting the optical path, students can know whether the adjustment is in place by observing the real-time waveform displayed on the screen. After the adjustment is in place, simply press the corresponding key to let the computer process and report and record this. data to be measured. Features: (1) The experiment does not need to be carried out in a darkroom, nor does it require students to squint their eyes to read the data from the micrometer eyepiece, the whole experiment process is intuitive and convenient; (2) Students operate and adjust the experimental device, On the one hand, the data to be measured can be seen very intuitively on the computer screen in real time; (3) Students can make experimental reports on the system, and teachers can correct experimental reports on the system.

Implementation

This experimental system needs to build a complete optical path diagram, and write the corresponding software through VB.

(1) Make a linear array CCD that meets the requirements according to the above requirements.

(2) Use sodium light lamp, single slit, lens, and linear array CCD to build an optical path diagram on the optical platform that meets the above requirements.

(3) Compile the software that satisfies the above functions through VB programming.

(4) Connect each hardware and test the software.

Claims (1)

1. diffraction of light experiment instrument, it is characterized in that: it is made up of diffraction instrument, data collecting card microcomputer, diffraction instrument is made up of laser generator, lens, grating, lens, the line CCD that shakes, and laser was penetrated slit, lens, grating, the lens receiving track CCD that shakes successively and gone up and produce striped.

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