CN201885942U - Soil evaporation sensor - Google Patents
Soil evaporation sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN201885942U CN201885942U CN 201020623465 CN201020623465U CN201885942U CN 201885942 U CN201885942 U CN 201885942U CN 201020623465 CN201020623465 CN 201020623465 CN 201020623465 U CN201020623465 U CN 201020623465U CN 201885942 U CN201885942 U CN 201885942U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a soil evaporation sensor, which comprises a container barrel, an evaporation barrel, a weighing sensor, a signal line and a cable. Both the container barrel and the evaporation barrel are provided with upper openings, the weighing sensor is horizontally positioned at the inner bottom of the container barrel, the evaporation barrel is positioned inside the container barrel and above the weighing sensor, the signal line and the cable are positioned in a gap between the evaporation barrel and the container barrel, one end of the signal line and one end of the cable are respectively connected with the weighing sensor, and the other end of the signal line and the other end of the cable are led out of the container barrel. The soil evaporation sensor adopting the technical scheme can realize continuous observation of soil evaporation capacity by the aid of automatic data acquisition of a data acquisition unit, can realize synchronous observation of other meteorological factors and the like, and is favorable for hydrothermal research in ecology.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of soil evaporation sensor.
Background technology
Soil evaporation (soil evaporation) is meant the process of moisture by rising and vaporizing and enter atmosphere from soil surface in the soil, is that soil surface is by the wet process that becomes dry.Soil evaporation influences the variation of soil moisture content, is important step of hydrology round-robin.The factor that influences soil evaporation has soil and meteorologic factor.Edphic factor is an internal factor, is the basic reason of decision evaporation development, and is main relevant with the structure and the soil water content of soil.Meteorologic factor is an external factor, is the condition that the decision evaporation changes.
And soil evaporativeness is meant that in certain period, moisture spreads to aerial amount through evaporation.Usually represent with the millimeter of the water layer thickness that evaporates.
The method of determining soil evaporativeness has device to survey method and analytical calculations etc., the former is exactly the size that measures soil evaporation by the soil evaporation instrument, and the latter measures by methods such as mathematical model and experimental formulas, can set up equation by the heat balance principle as model, balance equation absorbs thermoflux, sensible heat flux and heat of evaporation flux by net radiation flux, soil to be formed, and can get the soil evaporation rate by calculating.In addition, also with good grounds water balance and soil water movement theory consider that mathematical model, experimental formula or the diagrammatic curve method etc. of isothermal or non-isothermal condition release are inquired into soil evaporativeness.Experimental formula has provincialism, after essential its adaptation situation of check, just can use.
The method of device survey at present measured soil evaporation soil evaporation device commonly used or lysimeter are directly measured.Mainly contain two classes: a class is a Weighing type, has machinery to weigh, waterpower is weighed and electronic scale weighing etc.Its advantage is that the data that draw are more accurate; Another kind of is the volume ability of swimming.Also having a class is to utilize change of soil water content in the ultrasound wave principle observation soil, and then measures soil evaporation, but its shortcoming is the diversity owing to soil media, and then causes measuring accuracy not high.
In the Weighing type instrument of the first kind, can be divided into two kinds of made of one piece and fill-types again.The former adorns monoblock undisturbed soil in device, began to adopt monoblock soil evaporation device as far back as 1870 and be furnished with weighing device.And uniform soil of latter's filling in device or sandy soil potpourri.Nineteen fifties, waterpower formula soil evaporation device comes out, and has improved the precision of observation widely.Waterpower formula evaporator is the instrument based on a kind of measured soil evaporation of still water buoyancy weighing principle.The original weight of soil is weighed with the hydrostatic force of extraneous liquid in the evaporator, and by evaporation, condense or caused soil block weight change such as precipitation, then determine with the method for observation soil block perpendicular displacement.Waterpower formula soil evaporation device, precision height, and the easy evaporation capacity of directly measuring short time interval, but involve great expense, still difficulty is generally promoted at present, and this wherein just has large-scale Weighing Lysimeter, and instrument requires very big, and generally need do underground sight chamber, bigger to soil primal environment destruction, representative poor, belong to Large-Scale Equipment, installation needs heavy earthwork, and is difficult to move.Again afterwards, develop again and electronic scale weighing, and made measurement more accurate, and the result is convenient directly perceived.
And the volume ability of swimming of second class belongs to not weight method.By measure various amount of water, water discharge waits and calculates soil evaporativeness.This wherein also has large-scale lysimeter to adopt non-Weighing type, and it is by setting a phreatic table, suppose that the above soil water storage amount of phreatic table is constant, then measures the diving consumption, just soil evaporativeness as can be known.Instrument itself requires big, and generally also to prepare basement with the measured soil water percolating capacity, and around outdoor, many evaporative cylinders are installed, be connected with underground water container with connecting pipe, water level is constant in the water container, measures water percolating capacity and evaporation capacity from mending by water is many less from spilling water.Also there is patent to propose to remove gallery, accepts the soil infiltration, reduced cost with overflow cylinder.
But also do not have a kind of soil evaporation instrument to exist at present, thereby be difficult to be connected, just be difficult to realize that with all kinds of ecological location observation equipment, weather station scope communications and liaison are shared yet with current Various types of data collector with the information sensor form.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of soil evaporation sensor, can realize being undertaken the observation of uninterrupted continuous soil evaporativeness by the automatic data acquisition of data acquisition unit, and can realize and the simultaneous observation of other meteorological factor etc., help the hydro-thermal research on the ecology.
For reaching this purpose, the utility model by the following technical solutions:
A kind of soil evaporation sensor, comprise capacity tube, evaporative cylinder, LOAD CELLS, signal wire and cable, capacity tube and evaporative cylinder all are the tubes of upper opening, the LOAD CELLS level is positioned at the interior bottom portion of capacity tube, evaporative cylinder is positioned on the inside and LOAD CELLS of capacity tube, signal wire and the cable gap between evaporative cylinder and capacity tube, one end of signal wire and an end of cable are connected with LOAD CELLS respectively, and the other end of signal wire and the other end of cable are drawn out to outside the capacity tube.
Also comprise power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module, the end that cable is drawn outside the capacity tube is connected with power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module.
Also comprise guard collar, the gap location of guard collar between the top of the top of evaporative cylinder and capacity tube.
Capacity tube and evaporative cylinder all are the stainless steel cylinders.
34 centimetres of capacity tube diameters, 34 centimetres of height.
29 centimetres of evaporative cylinder diameters, 28 centimetres of height.
LOAD CELLS comprises flexible member, resistance strain gage, metering circuit and transmission cable, and resistance strain gage is attached on the flexible member, and metering circuit one end is connected with resistance strain gage, and the other end of metering circuit is connected with transmission cable.
Adopted the technical solution of the utility model, owing to designed capacity tube, can be embedded in the field for a long time, and need not be confined in the laboratory, and this soil evaporation sensor can realize the continuous acquisition of data that recording storage is gone into data acquisition unit automatically; This soil evaporation sensor usable range is very wide, can use as desert area in the drought environment district, more can satisfy accuracy requirement for farmland evaporation, forest evaporation; This soil evaporation sensor cost is low, convenient, the long service life of installation observation, and is little to the destruction of soil environment, makes simple, easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of soil evaporation sensor in the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Further specify the technical solution of the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of soil evaporation sensor in the utility model embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, this soil evaporation sensor comprises capacity tube 1, evaporative cylinder 2, LOAD CELLS 3, power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module 7, guard collar 8, signal wire 6 and cable 5, capacity tube and evaporative cylinder all are the stainless steel cylinders of upper opening, LOAD CELLS is positioned at the interior bottom portion of capacity tube by its weighing chassis 4 levels, evaporative cylinder is positioned on the inside and LOAD CELLS of capacity tube, signal wire and the cable gap between evaporative cylinder and capacity tube, one end of signal wire and an end of cable are connected with LOAD CELLS respectively, the other end of signal wire and the other end of cable are drawn out to outside the capacity tube, the end that cable is drawn outside the capacity tube is connected with power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module, the gap location of guard collar between the top of the top of evaporative cylinder and capacity tube.
LOAD CELLS comprises flexible member, resistance strain gage, metering circuit and transmission cable, and resistance strain gage is attached on the flexible member, and metering circuit one end is connected with resistance strain gage, and the other end of metering circuit is connected with transmission cable.
This soil evaporation sensor is imbedded capacity tube in the soil layer when mounted, nozzle and ground level.A certain amount of earth pillar of packing in evaporative cylinder is placed on evaporative cylinder on the weighing sensor.LOAD CELLS adopts aluminium alloy structure, is installed in up and down on two flat aluminium alloy plates as the weighing chassis, and level is installed in capacity tube inside, and the chassis level that keeps weighing is placed.Cable at first is connected to power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module, and power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module can be installed in number and adopt cabinet inside, and then draws the external power source system that is connected to from power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module.Signal wire is connected with the data acquisition unit port.The soil evaporativeness factor parameter is set in data acquisition unit software, and data acquisition time freely is set at interval.After instrument installs, can carry out soil column weight change in the continuous coverage evaporative cylinder, the weight change data storage is in data acquisition unit.The user can carry out aftertreatment with these weight change data subsequently, promptly is converted into the variation of moisture height (soil evaporativeness) according to moisture density.Also this data conversion process directly can be provided with in the software program of data acquisition unit, make data acquisition unit directly store the moisture height change data that show the expression soil evaporativeness.
It should be noted that evaporation gauge is arranged on open-air spacious dead level, and can be subjected to solar radiation all day, mix up level, base fixes, and observes pre-installed and goes into soil column and can measure.Can carry out continuous coverage earth pillar weight change, and then the variation that draws soil evaporativeness.
The concrete using method of soil evaporation sensor is described below.
The capacity tube diameter of soil evaporation sensor is 34cm, highly be 34cm, during installation at first in the hole of digging a capacity tube size with installing, the undisturbed soil that digs out is packed in the evaporative cylinder, and the evaporative cylinder diameter is 29cm, and height is 28cm, the height of earth pillar is from nozzle 3cm, secondly capacity tube is imbedded in the hole of digging, nozzle exceeds level ground 3cm, makes the interior soil body of outside level ground and evaporative cylinder be in a surface level.Then weighing sensor is placed on the capacity tube inner bottom part, with level meter leveling LOAD CELLS upper guard board.Evaporative cylinder is placed on the weighing sensor.At the nozzle edge of evaporative cylinder a guard collar is arranged, can prevent that outside thing from entering between evaporative cylinder and the capacity tube, also can effectively reduce horizontal windage simultaneously, in order to avoid influence the weighing precision of LOAD CELLS.
LOAD CELLS adopts aluminium alloy structure, is installed on two flat aluminium alloy plates as the weighing chassis.Level is installed in capacity tube inside, and the chassis level that keeps weighing is placed.The precision height of LOAD CELLS can carry out soil column weight change in the continuous coverage evaporative cylinder, calculates the variation of moisture height again according to moisture density.
LOAD CELLS is the device that quality signal is changed into measurable electric signal output.Weighing is carried out in its principle work that is its resistance also changes thereupon when utilizing the resistance strain gage distortion.Mainly form by flexible member, resistance strain gage, metering circuit and transmission cable four parts.Resistance strain gage is attached on the flexible member, and during the flexible member stress deformation, the foil gauge on it is out of shape thereupon, and causes resistance to change.Metering circuit is measured the foil gauge changes in resistance and is transformed to the electric signal output that is in proportion with external force.
Electric signal could demonstrate the quality of soil in the evaporative cylinder after treatment with digital form.Its signal processing is as follows: LOAD CELLS loads 12 volts of direct currents as supply voltage, is loaded on the sensor input end for 2.5 volts by accurately exporting direct current behind the power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module.Afterwards through the running of the sensor internal circuit.Through the signal output part output signal, the signal range is DC 0～2.5V then.Then the voltage signal of output is sent to A/D converter after amplifying, A/D converter is a digital signal with this analog signal conversion, and single-chip microcomputer carries out processing such as filtering, quantification to the result after its conversion again.Result after the processing gives data acquisition unit and handles, and finally shows in LCD, simultaneously this result is kept in the external data-carrier store; At last, can pass through; RS232 communication interface on the data acquisition unit that connects or USB port or other port are transferred to PC with the numerical value in the data-carrier store, carry out further data processing.
In addition, the weighing process of LOAD CELLS can further be demarcated: the accurate weight counterweight (5g, 10g, 500g, 10Kg, 20Kg, 40Kg) that loads is as can be known demarcated, and determines the relation of voltage and weight.When signal is exported to data acquisition unit, voltage signal output can be shown to be stored as gravimetric value like this.
At last, the soil column weight change of mensuration calculates the variation of moisture height according to moisture density, is soil evaporativeness.When having rainwater to fall in the container, should when observational record, deduct rainfall amount and draw this time actual evaporation.
The function of this soil evaporation sensor and characteristics are measuring accuracy height, stable performance, and the linearity is good, easy for installation, simple to operate, stainless steel, do not play rust, guarantee sensor serviceable life, also can normally measure having under wind and the rainfall weather conditions, not the misalignment exactness, reasonable in design, presentation quality is good, and its capacity tube and evaporative cylinder all have handle, makes things convenient for the user to carry.Output signal is big, and antijamming capability is strong, long transmission distance, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) height; By digital compensation circuit and digital compensation technology, can carry out compensation such as linearity, hysteresis, creep, improved performance; The output signal normalization; Interior dress temperature sensor can carry out real-time temperature compensation, good stability by compensation software; All can measure under the icing environment, system has solved use ultrasound wave principle and has measured inaccurate problem.Can reflect the evaporation situation of change of measuring in the environment period preferably, be a kind of instrument of mensuration evaporation of more convenient practicality.In a word, the soil evaporation sensor is the instrument that is used for the measured soil evaporation capacity, is applicable to departments such as meteorology, plant and seed culture unit, agriculture and forestry research institution.
The above; it only is the preferable embodiment of the utility model; but protection domain of the present utility model is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the utility model; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within the protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, protection domain of the present utility model should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (7)
1. soil evaporation sensor, it is characterized in that, comprise capacity tube, evaporative cylinder, LOAD CELLS, signal wire and cable, capacity tube and evaporative cylinder all are the tubes of upper opening, the LOAD CELLS level is positioned at the interior bottom portion of capacity tube, evaporative cylinder is positioned on the inside and LOAD CELLS of capacity tube, signal wire and the cable gap between evaporative cylinder and capacity tube, one end of signal wire and an end of cable are connected with LOAD CELLS respectively, and the other end of signal wire and the other end of cable are drawn out to outside the capacity tube.
2. a kind of soil evaporation sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module, and the end that cable is drawn outside the capacity tube is connected with power supply voltage regulation filtering Shaping Module.
3. a kind of soil evaporation sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises guard collar, the gap location of guard collar between the top of the top of evaporative cylinder and capacity tube.
4. a kind of soil evaporation sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that capacity tube and evaporative cylinder all are the stainless steel cylinders.
5. a kind of soil evaporation sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, 34 centimetres of capacity tube diameters, 34 centimetres of height.
6. a kind of soil evaporation sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, 29 centimetres of evaporative cylinder diameters, 28 centimetres of height.
7. a kind of soil evaporation sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, LOAD CELLS comprises flexible member, resistance strain gage, metering circuit and transmission cable, resistance strain gage is attached on the flexible member, metering circuit one end is connected with resistance strain gage, and the other end of metering circuit is connected with transmission cable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201020623465 CN201885942U (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Soil evaporation sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201020623465 CN201885942U (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Soil evaporation sensor |
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| CN201885942U true CN201885942U (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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| CN 201020623465 Expired - Fee Related CN201885942U (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Soil evaporation sensor |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305751A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-01-04 | 北京师范大学 | Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device |
| CN102478476A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-30 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Device and method for acquiring soil evaporation information |
| CN102607679A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 山东农业大学 | Real-time soil moisture weight and percolating water quality monitoring system |
| CN103217355A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-07-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for determining diurnal variation of evaporation capacity among plants of farmland |
| CN105571977A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-05-11 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | Evaporator and implementation method thereof |
| CN105699244A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | Automatic crop transpiration metering system |
| CN105784534A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉大学 | Underground track type weighing lysimeter |
| CN106249317A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-21 | 桂林理工大学 | Evaporation from water surface measuring method based on ess-strain signal of telecommunication relation |
| CN106840955A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | A kind of timbered soil evaporimeter of automatic detection |
| CN109323951A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-12 | 宁夏大学 | For the evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method under the complex environment of drought-hit area |
-
2010
- 2010-11-25 CN CN 201020623465 patent/CN201885942U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102478476A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-30 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Device and method for acquiring soil evaporation information |
| CN102305751A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-01-04 | 北京师范大学 | Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device |
| CN102305751B (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-23 | 北京师范大学 | Soil evaporation potential measuring method and device |
| CN102607679A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 山东农业大学 | Real-time soil moisture weight and percolating water quality monitoring system |
| CN103217355A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-07-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for determining diurnal variation of evaporation capacity among plants of farmland |
| CN103217355B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method measuring the diurnal variation of Evaporation among plants in farmland amount |
| CN105571977A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-05-11 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | Evaporator and implementation method thereof |
| CN105699244A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | Automatic crop transpiration metering system |
| CN105784534A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉大学 | Underground track type weighing lysimeter |
| CN106249317A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-21 | 桂林理工大学 | Evaporation from water surface measuring method based on ess-strain signal of telecommunication relation |
| CN106249317B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-02-05 | 桂林理工大学 | Based on stress-strain-electric signal relationship evaporation from water surface measuring method |
| CN106840955A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | A kind of timbered soil evaporimeter of automatic detection |
| CN109323951A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-12 | 宁夏大学 | For the evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method under the complex environment of drought-hit area |
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Granted publication date: 20110629 Termination date: 20171125 |