CN109323951A - For the evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method under the complex environment of drought-hit area - Google Patents
For the evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method under the complex environment of drought-hit area Download PDFInfo
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- CN109323951A CN109323951A CN201811340554.0A CN201811340554A CN109323951A CN 109323951 A CN109323951 A CN 109323951A CN 201811340554 A CN201811340554 A CN 201811340554A CN 109323951 A CN109323951 A CN 109323951A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
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Abstract
A kind of evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method under the complex environment for drought-hit area lays monitoring cylinder on drought-hit area meadow, and acquires the weight data of monitoring cylinder；The weight changing curve figure that monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil is drawn according to the weight data of acquisition judges whether there is precipitation according to the change shape of curve graph, and precipitation section segment is excluded, and calculates evapotranspiration of the drought-hit area meadow without precipitation segment.The weight change data that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil is depicted as monitoring the weight changing curve figure of cylinder after filling undisturbed soil by the present invention, judge whether Precipitation Process occur according to curve graph, and by the way that the Precipitation Process occurred in monitoring process is excluded, remove interference of the precipitation to monitoring of evapotranspiring, realize accurately calculating for Grassland ecosystems evapotranspiration, it solves in the case where no same period precipitation discharge observation, the technical problem for the monitoring that drought-hit area meadow can not be carried out evapotranspiring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the meadow steamings under Eco-hydrological monitoring technical field more particularly to a kind of complex environment for drought-hit area
Dissipate monitoring method.
Background technique
Eco hydrology is a science hydrology gained knowledge applied to ecological construction and ecosystem management, is mainly ground
Study carefully the rule of hydrologic cycle in the ecosystem and conversion and balance, in analysis ecological construction, ecosystem management and protection with water
Related problem.The large scale ecological of grassland ecological is administered and ecological recovery, it is necessary to Eco-hydrological theory to instruct, and it is careless
The Eco-hydrological Processes of the ground ecosystem monitor, and are attached most importance to the moisture Evapotranspiration Processes monitoring between soil-vegetation-atmosphere.
Existing monitoring method of evapotranspiring is often required to combine same period precipitation observational data, counts to drought-hit area evapotranspiration of grassland amount
It calculates, by grassland ecological monitoring sample condition is limited, and diversely the same period can not be laid meteorological observation equipment perhaps, can not accurately be obtained
The same period precipitation data of monitoring point causes traditional monitoring method of evapotranspiring to be unable to monitor the evapotranspiration of grassland under the complex environment of drought-hit area
Amount.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide the evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring methods under a kind of complex environment for drought-hit area.
A kind of evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method under the complex environment for drought-hit area, includes the following steps:
The undisturbed soil obtained from monitoring sample is filled in monitoring cylinder by step 1 when monitoring cylinder is laid on drought-hit area meadow,
Using the total weight of monitoring cylinder after monitoring device timing detection filling undisturbed soil, and detection is recorded successively with the specific time and is obtained
Data, and the data that will test by monitoring device store, and the data detected include time data and and time
The total weight data of cylinder are monitored after the corresponding filling undisturbed soil of data；
Step 2, the change curve of the weight of the monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil is drawn according to the data that detection obtains,
Wherein the horizontal axis of curve graph is detection time, and the longitudinal axis is the total weight that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil；
Step 3 judges that period occurs for precipitation using the change shape of curve according to the curve graph drawn in step 2, when
The total weight that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil changes with time from monitoring sart point in time shows reduced trend, shows to supervise
The moisture surveyed in cylinder is being reduced, and illustrates do not have precipitation；The total weight of cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil from curve graph
One time point, fill undisturbed soil after monitor cylinder total weight start to increase, show start precipitation, this time point be precipitation
Sart point in time monitors the total weight of cylinder since a time point in curve graph after filling undisturbed soil, fills undisturbed soil
The total weight for monitoring cylinder afterwards stops increasing, and shows that precipitation stops, and this time point is precipitation end time point, from the monitoring time started
Point to this period of precipitation sart point in time be no precipitation segment, from precipitation sart point in time to precipitation end time point this
A period is precipitation segment, is no precipitation segment since precipitation end time point；
Step 4 calculates the total weight variation delta W of monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil: according to discriminatory analysis in step 3
As a result, precipitation segment to be filled to the total weight variation exclusion of monitoring cylinder after undisturbed soil, only consider without precipitation segment filling original
The total weight variable quantity that cylinder is monitored after shape soil, calculates txMoment is to tyThe gross weight of cylinder is monitored after the period filling undisturbed soil at moment
Variation delta W is measured,
Δ W=Wy- Wx；
WxFor txThe total weight of cylinder, W are monitored after the filling undisturbed soil at momentyFor tyCylinder is monitored after the filling undisturbed soil at moment
Total weight, wherein txMoment ratio tyMoment is early；
Step 5 calculates drought-hit area evapotranspiration of grassland amount: utilizing the gross weight that cylinder is monitored after the filling undisturbed soil calculated in step 4
Variable quantity data are measured, calculate evapotranspiration according to the following formula:
Δ W is the total weight variable quantity (g) that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil in formula, and d is the diameter (cm) for monitoring cylinder, and ET is
Evapotranspiration (mm), ρ=1g/cm3, WPFor precipitation, it is contemplated that there is no precipitation in no precipitation segment, therefore WP=0, I are
Artificial irrigation volume, it is contemplated that drought-hit area meadow water resources shortage, there is no irrigations, therefore irrigation volume I=0, D are draining leakage, are examined
It is few to consider drought-hit area meadow precipitation, lower infiltration depth is little, and in the case where monitoring cylinder relatively depth, there is no draining leakages, therefore drain
Leak D=0.
The present invention by adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial effect is that: calculation method of evapotranspiring of the invention can not slap
In the case where holding same period precipitation, the total weight time history plot of monitoring cylinder after undisturbed soil is filled using drafting, according to
The curvilinear motion form of drafting judges whether Precipitation Process occur, if there is Precipitation Process, by will occur in monitoring process
Precipitation Process exclude, remove interference of the precipitation to monitoring of evapotranspiring, realize accurately calculating for Grassland ecosystems evapotranspiration, solve
In the case where no same period precipitation discharge observation, monitoring of evapotranspiring can not be carried out to drought-hit area meadow.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the in a few days monitoring cylinder weight changing curve figure that the present invention measures.
Fig. 2 is the week interior monitoring cylinder weight changing curve figure that the present invention measures.
Fig. 3 is that half an hour evapotranspires figure (when 8-20) in the daytime in week that the present invention measures.
Specific embodiment
It is clear in order to be more clear the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effects, below in conjunction with attached drawing and
Specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be understood that specific implementation described in this specification
Mode is not intended to limit the present invention just for the sake of explaining the present invention.
Embodiment is as follows:
Step 1, when monitoring cylinder is laid on drought-hit area meadow, when monitoring cylinder is laid on drought-hit area meadow, it is necessary first to be opened on ground
A melt pit is dug, the depth of melt pit is greater than the height of monitoring cylinder, and the diameter of melt pit is greater than the outer diameter of monitoring cylinder, melt pit
Bottom to pave, and tamp, melt pit bottom be laid with isolation board, will monitoring cylinder be placed in melt pit, will from monitoring sample obtain
The undisturbed soil taken is filled in monitoring cylinder, detects the total weight of monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil, and using monitoring device with every 5 points
The primary specific time of clock monitors the total weight data of cylinder after successively recording the filling undisturbed soil that detection obtains, and passes through monitoring dress
Set the total weight data storage that cylinder is monitored after will test time and filling undisturbed soil corresponding with detection time；
Step 2, according to the total weight data and time number for monitoring cylinder after the filling undisturbed soil of acquisition storage in step 1
According to the total weight time history plot of monitoring cylinder after drafting filling undisturbed soil, when wherein the horizontal axis of curve graph is detection
Between, the longitudinal axis is the total weight that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil；
Step 3 judges that period occurs for precipitation using the change shape of curve according to the curve graph drawn in step 2, when
The total weight that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil changes with time from monitoring sart point in time shows reduced trend, shows to supervise
The moisture surveyed in cylinder is being reduced, and illustrates do not have precipitation；The total weight of cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil from curve graph
One time point, fill undisturbed soil after monitor cylinder total weight start to increase, show start precipitation, this time point be precipitation
Sart point in time monitors the total weight of cylinder since a time point in curve graph after filling undisturbed soil, fills undisturbed soil
The total weight for monitoring cylinder afterwards stops increasing, and shows that precipitation stops, and this time point is precipitation end time point, from the monitoring time started
Point to this period of precipitation sart point in time be no precipitation segment, from precipitation sart point in time to precipitation end time point this
A period is precipitation segment, is no precipitation segment since precipitation end time point；
Fig. 1 is please referred to, changes number to monitor the total weight of cylinder after in August, 2018 9-10 days every 5 minutes filling undisturbed soils
For, it can be seen that monitoring system of evapotranspiring of the invention starts in 16:20 afternoon on the 9th (i.e. A point), and monitoring system of evapotranspiring opens
After dynamic, the gross weight that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil is zeroed, the total weight for monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil later is shown constantly
Reduced trend shows that the moisture monitored in cylinder is being reduced with evapotranspiring；Dusk 19:00 (i.e. B point) starts, after filling undisturbed soil
The total weight of monitoring cylinder starts to increase, therefore B point can be judged as precipitation sart point in time；When to 20:30 (i.e. C point), filling
The total weight that cylinder is monitored after undisturbed soil stops increasing, therefore C point can be judged as to precipitation end time point；From 20:30 (C point) to time
Day morning 4:50 (D point), monitoring system of evapotranspiring be in evapotranspiring the stage after precipitation, due to being night, evapotranspire weaker, therefore fill original
The total weight reduction that cylinder is monitored after shape soil is more slow；AB sections be may determine that as no precipitation segment, BC sections are precipitation section
Section, CD sections are no precipitation segment；
Step 4 calculates the total weight variation delta W of monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil: according to discriminatory analysis in step 3
As a result, precipitation segment to be filled to the total weight variation exclusion of monitoring cylinder after undisturbed soil, only consider without AB sections of precipitation segment, CD
The total weight variable quantity that cylinder is monitored after section filling undisturbed soil, calculates tAMoment is to tBIt is monitored after the period filling undisturbed soil at moment
The total weight variation delta W of cylinderABAnd tCMoment is to tDThe total weight variable quantity of cylinder is monitored after the period filling undisturbed soil at moment
ΔWCD,
ΔWAB=WB- WA, Δ WCD=WD- WC；
Wherein, WAFor tAThe total weight of cylinder, W are monitored after the filling undisturbed soil at momentBFor tBIt is supervised after the filling undisturbed soil at moment
Survey the total weight of cylinder, WCFor tCThe total weight of cylinder, W are monitored after the filling undisturbed soil at momentDFor tDIt is supervised after the filling undisturbed soil at moment
Survey the total weight of cylinder；
Step 5 calculates drought-hit area evapotranspiration of grassland amount: utilizing the gross weight that cylinder is monitored after the filling undisturbed soil calculated in step 4
Variable quantity data are measured, calculate evapotranspiration according to the following formula:
In view of drought-hit area meadow water resources shortage, it is not present and irrigates, therefore irrigation volume I=0, drought-hit area meadow precipitation is few, under
It is little to seep depth, in the case where monitoring cylinder relatively depth, there is no draining leakages, therefore drain leakage D=0, it is contemplated that in no precipitation
Without precipitation in segment, therefore WP=0, therefore, AB sections are as follows with the evapotranspiration of CD:
In formula Δ W be monitoring cylinder weight change amount (g), d be monitor cylinder diameter (cm), ET be evapotranspiration (mm), ρ=
1g/cm3, WPFor precipitation, I is artificial irrigation volume, and D is draining leakage, WxFor txThe inner cylinder weight at moment, WyFor tyMoment
Inner cylinder weight.
It according to the evapotranspiration data calculated, draws in week in the daytime that half an hour evapotranspires figure (when 8-20), please refers to Fig. 3, from
As can be seen that the evapotranspiration situation on the every morning 8 of drought-hit area meadow when at night 20, shows according on the figure that evapotranspires, can obtain in figure
Out between every afternoon 13 is up to 14 when, the evapotranspiration on drought-hit area meadow is maximum, daily night 20 when morning 6 between, drought
The evapotranspiration on area meadow is minimum.
The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, those skilled in the art can understand all or part of the processes for realizing the above embodiment, and wants according to right of the present invention
Made equivalent variations is sought, is still belonged to the scope covered by the invention.
Claims (2)
1. the evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method under a kind of complex environment for drought-hit area, characterized by the following steps:
The undisturbed soil obtained from monitoring sample is filled in monitoring cylinder, utilizes when monitoring cylinder is laid on drought-hit area meadow by step 1
The total weight of cylinder is monitored after monitoring device timing detection filling undisturbed soil, and successively records the number for detecting and obtaining with the specific time
According to, and the data that will test by monitoring device store, the data detected include time data and with time data
The total weight data of cylinder are monitored after corresponding filling undisturbed soil；
Step 2, the change curve of the weight of the monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil is drawn according to the data that detection obtains, wherein
The horizontal axis of curve graph is detection time, and the longitudinal axis is the total weight that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil；
Step 3 judges that period occurs for precipitation using the change shape of curve, works as filling according to the curve graph drawn in step 2
The total weight that cylinder is monitored after undisturbed soil changes with time from monitoring sart point in time shows reduced trend, shows to monitor cylinder
Interior moisture is being reduced, and illustrates do not have precipitation；The total weight of cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil from one in curve graph
Time point fills and monitors the total weight of cylinder after undisturbed soil and start to increase, shows to start precipitation, this time point starts for precipitation
Time point monitors the total weight of cylinder since a time point in curve graph after filling undisturbed soil, supervises after filling undisturbed soil
Survey cylinder total weight stop increase, show precipitation stop, this time point be precipitation end time point, from monitoring sart point in time to
This period of precipitation sart point in time is no precipitation segment, from precipitation sart point in time to precipitation end time point this when
Between section be precipitation segment, be no precipitation segment since precipitation end time point；
Step 4 calculates the total weight variation delta W of monitoring cylinder after filling undisturbed soil: according to the knot of discriminatory analysis in step 3
Precipitation segment is filled the total weight variation exclusion of monitoring cylinder after undisturbed soil, only considered without precipitation segment filling original state by fruit
The total weight variable quantity that cylinder is monitored after soil, calculates txMoment is to tyThe total weight of cylinder is monitored after the period filling undisturbed soil at moment
Variation delta W,
Δ W=Wy- Wx；
WxFor txThe total weight of cylinder, W are monitored after the filling undisturbed soil at momentyFor tyThe gross weight of cylinder is monitored after the filling undisturbed soil at moment
It measures, wherein txMoment ratio tyMoment is early；
Step 5 calculates drought-hit area evapotranspiration of grassland amount: utilizing the gross weight quantitative change that cylinder is monitored after the filling undisturbed soil calculated in step 4
Change amount data, calculate evapotranspiration according to the following formula:
Δ W is the total weight variable quantity (g) that cylinder is monitored after filling undisturbed soil in formula, and d is the diameter (cm) for monitoring cylinder, and ET is to evapotranspire
It measures (mm), ρ=1g/cm3, WPFor precipitation, it is contemplated that there is no precipitation in no precipitation segment, therefore WP=0, I are artificial
Irrigation volume, it is contemplated that drought-hit area meadow water resources shortage, there is no irrigations, therefore irrigation volume I=0, D are draining leakage, it is contemplated that
Drought-hit area meadow precipitation is few, and lower infiltration depth is little, and in the case where monitoring cylinder relatively depth, there is no draining leakages, therefore drain leakage D
=0.
2. the evapotranspiration of grassland monitoring method according to claim 1 under the complex environment of drought-hit area, it is characterised in that: step
In one when monitoring cylinder is laid on drought-hit area meadow, it is necessary first to excavate a melt pit on ground, the depth of melt pit is greater than monitoring cylinder
Height, the diameter of melt pit is greater than the outer diameter of monitoring cylinder, and the bottom of melt pit will pave, and tamp, and spread in melt pit bottom
If isolation board, monitoring cylinder is placed in melt pit.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115266596A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-11-01 | 中国农业大学 | Evaluation method and system for evapotranspiration in arid region |
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