CN201877444U - 一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃 - Google Patents

一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃 Download PDF

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CN201877444U
CN201877444U CN2010205198444U CN201020519844U CN201877444U CN 201877444 U CN201877444 U CN 201877444U CN 2010205198444 U CN2010205198444 U CN 2010205198444U CN 201020519844 U CN201020519844 U CN 201020519844U CN 201877444 U CN201877444 U CN 201877444U
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automobile
glass
power automobile
nesa coating
automobile skylight
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董清世
辛崇飞
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Dongguan is to fast vehicle glass company limited
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XINYI AUTO GLASS (DONGGUAN) CO Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal

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Abstract

本实用新型属于汽车玻璃技术领域,提供一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃。这种可发电汽车天窗玻璃,包括底层玻璃、上层玻璃和中间粘结层,所述上层玻璃的内表面上附着透明导电膜,在透明导电膜上设有薄膜电池。根据本实用新型的可发电汽车天窗玻璃,采用高效的叠层薄膜电池技术,无弱光效应,发电效率高,工艺实施性好,并且采用夹层结构可以有效的阻挡紫外线,减少车内饰物变色的可能,而且透过率可调,采光性好,安全、环保、节能,车窗发电玻璃可以供给车内用电器供电,可用于汽车DVD、GPS导航仪、MP3、手机、车内照明等。

Description

一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃
技术领域
本实用新型涉及汽车玻璃,尤其涉及一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃。
背景技术
在国家新能源政策的导向下,开发绿色能源、循环再生能源的行业成为朝阳行业,市场也出现了车用太阳能的实例,一般是直接把太阳能电池板安装在汽车的顶部的受光面上来发电供给车用,它本身并不是汽车结构的一部分。并且大多需要改变汽车的原有结构,安装不便,发电有限等缺点。专利ZL200510100696.6“一种太阳能电池天窗及制作方法”,公开了一种太阳能电池天窗及其制造方法,是采用弧面层压工艺,制造出带弧面的太阳能汽车天窗。将排列在汽车天窗玻璃弧面上串联/并联连接的太阳能电池,形成一体化弧面结构,具有发电功能。其制作工艺复杂,难与汽车车身完美结合,实际的实施可行性较差。专利ZL03278117.2“一种太阳电池天窗”公开了汽车用太阳电池天窗,构成结构简单,没有披露更多技术细节,可实施性差。如果采用晶体硅电池,由于硅片脆,很难与具有一定双曲面的汽车天窗玻璃完美结合在一起,势必会以牺牲整车的流线造型为代价。
不同种类太阳能电池的转化效率相差很大,这主要取决于太阳能电池单元的制造工艺。单晶硅太阳能电池是在由单晶硅棒切割而成的厚度为100-200微米的硅片上制造的,处于试验阶段的电池的转化效率已经接近24%,商用模块的转化效率也已经超过15%。多晶硅太阳能电池是在多晶硅锭切片上进行加工,因而制造成本低廉,但同时电池的转化效率也低于单晶硅电池。目前,处于实验室阶段的多晶硅电池的转化效率达到了18%,商用模块的转化效率接近14%。典型的太阳能电池模块的使用寿命可以达到20年左右。大多数薄膜电池的发电效率低,单纯应用于车顶的天窗发电作用有限,大规模应用是不经济的。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种工艺实施性好、发电效率高的可发电汽车天窗玻璃。
为实现上述目的,本实用新型采用的技术方案为:
一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃,包括底层玻璃、上层玻璃和中间粘结层,所述上层玻璃的内表面上附着透明导电膜,在透明导电膜上设有薄膜电池。
所述薄膜电池由多层非晶硅或微晶硅膜层叠加而成。
所述薄膜电池是由多数个模块组成,各模块之间通过串联或并联汇集形成两个电极,并有连接线引出。
所述透明导电膜是采用磁控溅射法、在线热分解沉积法或等离子体增强化学气相沉积法沉积在上层玻璃上。
所述薄膜电池是通过反应溅射法、化学气相沉积法或热分解硅烷法制作在所述透明导电膜上。
本实用新型中,薄膜电池采用蚀刻技术形成透光率可调的天窗玻璃,透光率变化范围1%~30%。
本实用新型的有益效果:采用高效的叠层薄膜电池技术,无弱光效应,发电效率高,工艺实施性好,并且采用夹层结构可以有效的阻挡紫外线,减少车内饰物变色的可能,而且透过率可调,采光性好,安全、环保、节能,车窗发电玻璃可以供给车内用电器供电,可用于汽车DVD、GPS导航仪、MP3、手机、车内照明等。
附图说明
图1是根据本实用新型优选实施例的一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃的截面示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图1,一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃,包括上层玻璃1、透明导电膜2、薄膜电池3、中间粘结层4及底层玻璃5,互相叠置为一体。上层玻璃1及底层玻璃2均为钢化玻璃。中间粘结层4为PVB(聚乙烯醇缩丁醛),也可以为EVA(聚醋酸乙烯)。
透明导电膜2是采用磁控溅射法、在线热分解沉积法或等离子体增强化学气相沉积法沉积在上层玻璃1的内表面上。
薄膜电池3为多层非晶硅或微晶硅膜层叠加而成,分为多数个小模块,各模块之间通过串联或并联,经过汇流条如涂锡铜带或银浆印刷的方式汇集成正负两极,并有连接线引出,电极与负载通过充放电控制器连接。薄膜电池是通过反应溅射法、化学气相沉积法或热分解硅烷法制作在所述透明导电膜2上。
由于太阳光光谱的能量分布较宽,现有的半导体材料都只能吸收其中能量比其禁带宽度值高的光子。太阳光中能量较小的光子透过电池被背电极金属吸收,转变成热能。而高能光子超出禁带宽度的多余能量,则通过光生载流子的能量热释作用传给电池材料本身的点阵原子,使材料本身发热,而这些能量却不能通过光生载流子传给负载变成有效电能。对于单结太阳能电池,其转换效率的理论极限一般只有25%左右。太阳光光谱可以被分成连续的若干部分,用能带宽度与这些部分有最好匹配的材料做成电池,并按禁带宽度从大到小的顺序从外向里叠合起来,让波长最短的光被最外边的宽隙材料电池利用,波长较长的光能够透射进去让较窄禁带宽度材料电池利用,这就有可能最大限度地将光能变成电能,以这种结构转化光能的电池就是叠层太阳能电池。前后两层电池的有机功能层材料的禁带宽度不同,吸收不同波长的太阳光。当入射光按禁带宽度由大到小的顺序依次通过太阳能电池时,叠层结构的输出电压是前后两层电池的叠加。因此,叠层有机太阳能电池结构使得吸收光谱拓宽了,有效地提高了有机太阳能电池的能量转换效率。叠层有机太阳能电池是目前有机太阳能电池的研究热点,它是提高有机太阳能电池的能量转换效率的有效手段之一。
叠层电池可以是a-Si/μc-Si叠层结构或者是聚合物叠层电池或者是叠层式染料敏化太阳能电池。叠层结构,就是用中间电极将两层有机太阳能电池串连起来。叠层太阳能电池是由在制备的p、i、n层单结太阳能电池上再沉积一个或多个P-i-n子电池制得的。叠层太阳能电池提高转换效率、解决单结电池不稳定性的关键问题在于:①它把不同禁带宽度的材科组台在一起,提高了光谱的响应范围;②顶电池的i层较薄,光照产生的电场强度变化不大,保证i层中的光生载流子抽出;③底电池产生的载流子约为单电池的一半,光致衰退效应减小;④叠层太阳能电池各子电池是串联在一起的。叠层电池的发电效率可以达到12%以上。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本实用新型所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本实用新型的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本实用新型所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下,作出具体的改变或变化均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种可发电汽车天窗玻璃,包括底层玻璃、上层玻璃和中间粘结层,其特征在于:所述上层玻璃的内表面上附着透明导电膜,在透明导电膜上设有薄膜电池。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可发电汽车天窗玻璃,其特征在于:所述薄膜电池由多层非晶硅或微晶硅膜层叠加而成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的可发电汽车天窗玻璃,其特征在于:所述薄膜电池是由多数个模块组成,各模块之间通过串联或并联汇集形成两个电极,并有连接线引出。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的可发电汽车天窗玻璃,其特征在于:所述透明导电膜是采用磁控溅射法、在线热分解沉积法或等离子体增强化学气相沉积法沉积在上层玻璃上。
5.根据权利要求3所述的可发电汽车天窗玻璃,其特征在于:所述透明导电膜是采用磁控溅射法、在线热分解沉积法或等离子体增强化学气相沉积法沉积在上层玻璃上。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的可发电汽车天窗玻璃,其特征在于:所述薄膜电池是通过反应溅射法、化学气相沉积法或热分解硅烷法制作在所述透明导电膜上。
7.根据权利要求3所述的可发电汽车天窗玻璃,其特征在于:所述薄膜电池是通过反应溅射法、化学气相沉积法或热分解硅烷法制作在所述透明导电膜上。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111016596A (zh) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-17 上海擎感智能科技有限公司 一种车窗玻璃和车辆
CN111326596A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-23 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种防紫外透明发电玻璃的结构及其制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111326596A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-23 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种防紫外透明发电玻璃的结构及其制备方法
CN111016596A (zh) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-17 上海擎感智能科技有限公司 一种车窗玻璃和车辆

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Address after: 523000, East Village, Humen Town, Dongguan, Guangdong

Patentee after: Dongguan is to fast vehicle glass company limited

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