CN201839502U - Anode of arc plasma generator - Google Patents
Anode of arc plasma generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201839502U CN201839502U CN2010205577277U CN201020557727U CN201839502U CN 201839502 U CN201839502 U CN 201839502U CN 2010205577277 U CN2010205577277 U CN 2010205577277U CN 201020557727 U CN201020557727 U CN 201020557727U CN 201839502 U CN201839502 U CN 201839502U
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- Prior art keywords
- arc
- anode
- plasma
- plasma generator
- motion
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- KEUKAQNPUBYCIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethaneperoxoic acid;hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.CC(=O)OO KEUKAQNPUBYCIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an anode of an arc plasma generator, which comprises an arc motion passageway, wherein the arc motion passageway comprises a gradually-shrunken section (41), a straight pipe section (42) and a gradually-enlarged section (43) sequentially connected with each other along the motion direction of the arc in the arc motion passageway. After the anode is used, the arc and the arc plasma jet flow generated by the plasma generator can be directly contacted with a material to be treated, and the treating process can be preferably completed. The anode is applicable to the systems such as the plasma coal combustion, the garbage treatment, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of anode of arc plasma generator, uses the arc plasma generator of this anode that the thermal source of high-quality more can be provided, and this thermal source can be used for industries such as thermal power generation, garbage disposal and metallurgy.
Technical background
The arc-plasma that dc arc plasma generator produces is research and most widely used a kind of plasma, it has characteristics such as high temperature, high braised, high-energy-density and atmosphere is controlled, is mainly used in fields such as plasma metallurgy, plasma spray coating, plasma welding, plasma etching, the coal dust ignition of the boiler of firepower power station plasma and refuse garbage disposal at present.
Commercial Application not only requires arc plasma generator to have high stability, high efficiency and feature of long life, and the requirement of industry-by-industry article on plasma body jet electric heating characteristic is also inequality.And the structure of the characteristic of plasma jet and plasma generator anode is closely related.
When utilizing different anode constructions, same plasma generator can obtain the plasma jet of different in flow rate, different temperature fields.The nozzle of cylindrical channel is easy to produce the higher subsonic jets of temperature, and the shrinkage expansion shape nozzle that is similar to the Lavalle structure can obtain velocity of sound even ultrasonic jet, and this uses in as spraying, Metal Cutting industry in some industry.Therefore, the anode of different structure is applied to different occasions.
Plasma anode as shown in Figure 1 comprises entrance 10, converging transition 11 and the straight length 12 that connects successively, plasma jet rigidity by its generation is big, the plasma jet heat is concentrated, core temperature is high, temperature gradient is big, generally is used for the Metal Cutting industry.
Plasma anode as shown in Figure 2 comprises entrance 20, converging transition 21 and the divergent segment 22 that connects successively, and higher by the plasma jet speed of its generation, the temperature field is even, generally is used for the material surface spraying.
Plasma anode as shown in Figure 3 comprises entrance 30, converging transition 31, divergent segment 32 and the straight length 33 that connects successively, plasma jet by its generation, radial symmetry gradient is big, arc stability is good, voltage is higher relatively, generally is used for the plasma combustion system and the refuse disposal system in thermal power plant.But because the plasma jet rigidity is bigger, material to be processed is difficult to enter the plasma jet center and contacts with high-temperature part.The plasma anode of this structure is bad to the high garbage disposal effect of moisture, lights very difficult to low volatile, high-moisture coal dust.
So, light colm better and handle the high rubbish of moisture well, just need to improve the sectional area of plasma jet, reduce the rigidity of plasma jet, make material particles can enter plasma jet inside, fully contact with high-temperature part.Above-mentioned anode construction of the prior art all can not meet the demands.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of anode of arc plasma generator, the electric arc and the arc plasma jet sectional area that use the arc plasma generator of this anode to produce are big, rigidity is moderate, the electric arc that treating material can enter into high temperature also fully contacts with it with the arc plasma jet center, reaches better treatment effect.
This anode comprises an arc motion passage, and this arc motion passage comprises along the direction of motion of electric arc in this arc motion passage converging transition connected to one another successively, straight length and divergent segment.Wherein, converging transition plays the electric arc mechanical compress; Straight length plays compression arc, stable arc and control arc length, and the characteristic of the big or small article on plasma body jet of channel diameter and pattern produce bigger shadow; Divergent segment can be optimized the temperature field of arc plasma jet, and electric arc is fully contacted with material to be processed with arc plasma jet.
Preferably, the diameter of the straight length of this arc motion passage is d≤36mm.The anode that channel diameter is less, the jet rigidity of generation is better, and speed is faster, and simultaneously, less channel diameter can obtain higher arc voltage.
Preferably, the length l≤80mm of the straight length of this arc motion passage.The size of the length decision arc voltage of straight length, the anode in this length range makes the plasma generator starting easily, plasma jet is less.
Preferably, the subtended angle of this arc motion passage divergent segment is 15 °≤a≤150 °, and the arc root of anode is in the temperature field of expansion segment place work can optimization plasma jet.
Preferably, described arc motion passage also comprises the entrance that is connected with converging transition in the converging transition front along the direction of motion of electric arc in described arc motion passage.
Good effect of the present utility model:
High-temperature electric arc that plasma generator produced and arc plasma jet rigidity are little, the temperature field is reasonable, can fully contact with material to be processed, make material to be processed moment enter hot environment, with the reaction of plasma active material, reach the purpose that expection is handled.
Description of drawings
Describe the utility model in detail by the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing below.Wherein:
The section of structure of three kinds of anodes of the prior art during Fig. 1-3 shows;
Fig. 4 illustrates the section of structure by the anode of an embodiment of the present utility model; With
Fig. 5 illustrates the constructed profile that is equipped with by the plasma generator of anode of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic construction profile by anode of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 4, this anode 2 comprises the arc motion passage, and this arc motion passage comprises along the direction of motion of electric arc in this arc motion passage converging transition 41 connected to one another successively, straight length 42 and divergent segment 43.Along the direction of motion of electric arc in the arc motion passage, the diameter of converging transition 41 and divergent segment 43 dwindles gradually respectively and increases gradually, and the diameter of straight length 42 remains unchanged.Converging transition 41 is an electric arc mechanical compress section; Straight length 42 plays compression arc, stable arc and control arc length.The change of channel diameter produces bigger influence with the characteristic and the pattern of article on plasma body jet.Divergent segment 43 can be optimized the temperature field of arc plasma jet, and electric arc can fully be contacted with material to be processed with arc plasma.In case of necessity, the arc motion passage can also comprise the entrance 40 that is connected with converging transition in converging transition 41 fronts along the direction of motion of electric arc in described arc motion passage; This entrance 40 also is similar to straight length, and its diameter remains unchanged.
In the utility model, if the diameter d＞36mm of straight length, the mechanical compress intensity of electric arc reaches inadequately, the plasma generator instability, and the voltage of plasma generator is too low, so the diameter d≤36mm of the straight length of arc motion passage is proper.The anode that channel diameter is less, the jet rigidity of generation is better, and speed is faster, and simultaneously, less channel diameter can obtain higher arc voltage.If the length l＞80mm of straight length, then cause electric arc and air-flow that the phenomenon that electric arc blocks takes place in discharge channel easily, therefore length l≤the 80mm of the straight length of flow channel is proper, anode in this length range makes the plasma generator starting easily, and plasma jet is less.The anode arc root is operated in expansion segment 43 places of anode flow channels, wherein, if subtended angle a＜15 of divergent segment °, the jet electric arc rigidity that plasma generator produces is more intense, if subtended angle a＞150 °, the plasma generator job insecurity, so the subtended angle of divergent segment is generally 15 °≤a≤150 °.
Fig. 5 is the constructed profile that the plasma generator of the utility model anode is installed.As shown in Figure 5, negative electrode 1 entrance that passes anode 2 inserts converging transition place in the anode 2.The operation principle of this plasma generator is: after arc plasma generator started, anode arc root 3 dropped on the divergent segment place, and the motion of spinning in divergent segment.Because anode arc root 3 is very near from anode spout (divergent segment), the anode arc tip 4 effusion anode spouts of high temperature form the hot plasma layer of a high temperature (greater than 7000 ℃) around anode 2.The plasma jet 5 that working gas produces through electric arc, because anode 2 reasons in structure, this temperature field is all less in radial and axial gradient, the rigidity of electric arc and arc-plasma is less, material can enter high-temperature part very easily, is suitable for lighting and garbage disposal of generating plant pulverized coal boiler plasma.
After using this anode, the arc motion situation of arc plasma generator is:
After producing electric arc between the converging transition 41 of negative electrode 1 and anode 2 (playing segmental arc), electric arc is under the effect of swirling eddy, and anode spout direction is moved, in straight length 42, because gas is in laminar condition, can not produce the anode arc root, so the length of straight length 42 has determined the size of voltage; In 43 sections of divergent segments, it is big that air velocity becomes rapidly, and to turbulent condition transition gradually, the interaction between electric arc and the turbulent airflow causes the electric arc transverse vibration to air-flow by laminar flow, the wall generation punch-through that causes electric arc and divergent segment 43, and produce anode arc root 3.Anode arc root 3 is under the effect of rotational flow gas, in divergent segment 43, do periodically screw, the electric arc of rotation and arc plasma jet and outside air interact, the electric arc that the part cold air is rotated entrainments, arc plasma jet speed is reduced, the radial and axial temperature gradient of arc plasma jet reduces, and the arc-plasma rigidity dies down.
Claims (5)
1. the anode of an arc plasma generator, it is characterized in that: described anode comprises an arc motion passage, and described arc motion passage comprises along the electric arc converging transition connected to one another successively of the direction of motion in described arc motion passage (41), straight length (42) and divergent segment (43).
2. according to the anode of the described arc plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that the subtended angle of described divergent segment (α) size is 15 °～150 °.
3. according to the anode of the described arc plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that the length of described straight length is smaller or equal to 80mm.
4. according to the anode of the described arc plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that the diameter of described straight length is smaller or equal to 36mm.
5. according to the anode of the described arc plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that described arc motion passage also comprises the entrance (40) that is connected with converging transition (41) in converging transition (41) front along the direction of motion of electric arc in described arc motion passage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205577277U CN201839502U (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Anode of arc plasma generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205577277U CN201839502U (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Anode of arc plasma generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201839502U true CN201839502U (en) | 2011-05-18 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205577277U Expired - Lifetime CN201839502U (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Anode of arc plasma generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN201839502U (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103354695A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-16 | 安徽省新能电气科技有限公司 | Arc plasma torch having arc channel with abnormal diameter |
| CN105025648A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-04 | 南京理工大学 | Supersonic plasma spray gun |
| CN107314397A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-03 | 卢驭龙 | Plasma torch device and plasma kitchen range |
| CN113371233A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anode structure and cusp field thruster |
| CN113438792A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-24 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术股份有限公司 | Intelligent controllable plasma flame device |
-
2010
- 2010-10-12 CN CN2010205577277U patent/CN201839502U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103354695A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-16 | 安徽省新能电气科技有限公司 | Arc plasma torch having arc channel with abnormal diameter |
| CN103354695B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-02-24 | 安徽省新能电气科技有限公司 | A kind of arc plasma torch of arc channel diameter abnormity |
| CN105025648A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-04 | 南京理工大学 | Supersonic plasma spray gun |
| CN107314397A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-03 | 卢驭龙 | Plasma torch device and plasma kitchen range |
| CN113438792A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-24 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术股份有限公司 | Intelligent controllable plasma flame device |
| CN113371233A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anode structure and cusp field thruster |
| CN113371233B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anode structure and cusp field thruster |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20110518 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |