CN201838974U

CN201838974U - Minimum-guaranteed temperature controlling or timing circuit

Info

Publication number: CN201838974U
Application number: CN2010205757301U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘圣平
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-04-09
Filing date: 2010-10-16
Publication date: 2011-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2020-10-16

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a minimum-guaranteed temperature controlling or timing circuit capable of avoiding losing control when an extra-limit temperature controlling or timing control circuit fails, is applied to temperature, pressure, water level and timing control circuits, and is capable of increasing safety performance and avoiding severe accidents (such as fires) in abnormal use. The technical scheme realizing the superior functions mainly includes that a protected master control circuit, a minimum-guaranteed reverse control circuit, and a serial control thrust executive and control guarantee display circuit are formed simply by connecting electronic devices smartly, outputted signals of an induction circuit or the timing circuit are detected by both the protected master control circuit and the minimum-guaranteed reverse control circuit simultaneously, and out-of-control level of the master control circuit can be switched off preferentially in a failure, and the executive circuit is forced to cut off load power supply so as to guarantee safety. Therefore, the minimum-guaranteed temperature controlling or timing circuit is widely applicable to vast electronic application fields, and guarantees high cost performance of electrical appliances.

Description

Guarantee the minimum temperature control or timing circuit

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of temperature-adjusting circuit or timing circuit, relate in particular to a kind of temperature control (up and down super spacing control) or timing control circuit guarantee the minimum temperature control or timing circuit not out of control when fault of guaranteeing, be applied in temperature, pressure, water level, the timing controlled electrical equipment, can improve security performance, serious accident (as fire) takes place when avoiding using.Therefore, the utility model at small household appliances and ordinary surveying, regularly, electronic application field purposes such as control, security protection is wider, and makes electric equipment products/price ratio high.

Background technology

In order to examine novelty of the present utility model, the designer has consulted a large amount of correlation technique data (professional book, newpapers and periodicals), has retrieved relevant patent documentation.All have only discovery only to finish the circuit more (is exactly its classical representative as 555 time-base circuits) of master control (super spacing control up and down) function, never find to relate to abnormal failure is monitored, governor circuit is monitored (protection control), prevented unusual correlation technique data out of control.

At present, electronic application field be used widely through canonical form 555 time-base circuits, as most basic versatility function element, enjoy electronic application professional designer and electrophile's favor, and now having obtained the common approval of academia, its structure and principle have become the most important theories in university's electronics specialty " digital circuit " textbook.

Though it is, of many uses through canonical form 555 time-base circuit highly versatiles.But have only single master control (super spacing control up and down) function, internal structure is complicated, roughly is made up of five parts such as voltage divider, comparator, R-S trigger, rp-drive, discharge switch.8 of leading foot positions are if CMOS type 555 circuit are also wanted many two inverters (is used to reset, and another is located between R-S trigger Q end and the driver).Its principle is: voltage divider is provided with upper and lower bound; comparator will import current potential and upper and lower bound is made comparisons; if the input current potential exceeds the upper limit or lower limit current potential; two comparators trigger the R end or the S end of R-S trigger respectively; Q end output respective electrical mean longitude driver output control load; this control procedure and principle; can only finish super spacing controlled function up and down; there is not the error protection controlled function fully; be void item, have not good part in addition on performance, it is improper that reset terminal MR (the 4th pin) reset potential is provided with; and discreteness is too big, can not make comparisons with the input current potential again.Control end VC (the 5th pin) upper limit of can only transfering to other localities, lower limit is built-in fixing, and the VC direct-to-ground capacitance is essential.

Summary of the invention

The utility model mainly solve original temperature control (transfinite position control) circuit and timing circuit often out of control because of abnormal failure, can not in time cut off electric, have the technical problem of hidden danger safe in utilization; A kind of error protection controlled function that has is provided; can monitor abnormal failure and in time cut off electric; guarantee that temperature control (the position control of transfiniting) circuit and timing circuit are not out of control, avoid a nasty accident (as fire) takes place, and guarantees guarantee the minimum temperature control or timing circuit safe in utilization.

The utility model solves original realization reset potential of the reset terminal of controlled function circuit that transfinites simultaneously and is provided with improperly, and discreteness is too big, the technical problem that performance is not good; A kind of defencive function double as reset function is provided, need not other ad hoc reset function pin, save the pin resource, reduce discreteness, improve the guarantee the minimum temperature control or the timing circuit of performance.

Above-mentioned technical problem of the present utility model is mainly solved by following technical proposals: the utility model comprises sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), also comprise protected formula governor circuit (2), master control threshold base circuit (3), the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum, string control promote executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5); Described sensing circuit or (RC) output of integrating circuit (1) connect the input (V protected formula governor circuit (2) _i) and guarantee the minimum the countercharge circuit (4) input (V _i), described another threshold value reference voltage input of being protected formula governor circuit (2) connects the voltage output end (Vm) of master control threshold base circuit (3) or connects the output (Ve) of the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum and go here and there controls a control input end that promotes executive circuit and protect the control display circuit, is protected the output (V of formula governor circuit (2) _o) promote executive circuit and protect another control input end of controlling display circuit (5) to link to each other with the string control, the output of executive circuit (relay) links to each other with the power supply circuits of electrothermal load.

Described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) can be the sensing circuit or the resistance RC integrating circuit that charging constitutes to electric capacity of temperature sensor or pressure sensor or liquid level sensor series resistor formation; The described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected can be with operational amplifier or voltage comparator, perhaps XOR gate or with door or or door or homophase door be the circuit that main part constitutes, also can be that other device with its function equivalent is the circuit that main part constitutes; The described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum is to be the circuit that main part constitutes with operational amplifier or voltage comparator or XOR gate or biconditional gate or NAND gate or NOR gate or inverse gate, also can be that other device with its function equivalent is the circuit that main part constitutes; It is by two triodes series connection control relay power supplys or by a triode and operational amplifier or voltage comparator output string controlled relay power supply or by two analog switches series connection control relay power supplys or directly to go here and there the controlled relay power supply by two operational amplifiers or voltage comparator output be the circuit that main part constitutes that described string control promotes executive circuit; It is the circuit that is made of a resistance series connection LED that described guarantor is controlled display circuit; The voltage (Vm) of described master control threshold base (3) also can be made of connect dividing potential drop or voltage stabilizing circuit of resistance; Describedly protected formula governor circuit (2) and the supply voltage of guarantee the minimum countercharge circuit (4), master control threshold base (3) is V+1, external circuit (sensing circuit or integrating circuit, string control promote executive circuit and protect the control display circuit) supply voltage is V+, establishes voltage V+ and is higher than voltage V+1.

When the circuit operate as normal, when sensing circuit or integrating circuit output signal current potential in setting range (between upper and lower limit is spacing) change, the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum allows is protected formula governor circuit circulation output high-low level, make the string control promote executive circuit and be in the normal circulation state of a control, and the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison monitor state at any time.

When sensing circuit or integrating circuit generation abnormal failure (as open sensor or charging capacitor short circuit); its output signal current potential fell the lowest limit; the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is triggered; transfer the priority protection state of a control to by the garrison state; the countercharge level of output is closed the out-of-control signal of being protected the formula governor circuit; make governor circuit output shutdown signal; force the string control to promote executive circuit and protect and control display circuit; show fault; and cut-out load power source; effectively reliably prevent and governor circuit phenomenon out of control when having avoided abnormal failure to take place, guaranteed control safety.

Allow and protected the formula governor circuit and the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum meets supply voltage V+1 less than external circuit (sensing circuit or integrating circuit, string control promote executive circuit and protect to control display circuit) supply voltage V+, in order to prevent that unusual disconnection of the input of circuit own from causing out of control and design, further improved the fail safe of controlling.

In addition, can also allow two element circuits work side by side, divide the open string control to promote executive circuit (relay) input signal potential, the output of surveying sensing circuit or integrating circuit output in parallel, improve the reliability of control again greatly.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1. owing to adopt the countercharge circuit supervision of guaranteeing the minimum to be protected formula governor circuit signal, make guarantor's control circuit preferential control be arranged to governor circuit, when sensing circuit or integrating circuit generation open circuit or short trouble, force the string control to promote to carry out and guarantor's control display circuit, show fault, and cut-out load power source, can prevent effectively reliably governor circuit because of abnormal failure cause out of control, improved the security performance of control circuit, have important practical value, therefore, the utlity model has very strong comprehensively anti-ability out of control, surmount 555 time-base circuit function and performances, versatility is stronger, performance is more superior, purposes is more extensive.

2. because circuit connects ingenious, simple in structure, the principle novelty, the function uniqueness, one 8 pin circuitry module can be held two separate unit circuit, because of each separate unit circuit has only three ends (goes into scene 2), an end multipotency: a signal input part also has the upper limit, the spacing setting of lower limit and reset function concurrently, need not ad hoc in addition spacing end and the reseting controling end of being provided with; Important output is the output of countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum, and has to protect that control shows, anti-out of control and reset function; Another output is protected formula governor circuit output, the all functions of complete compatible 555 time-base circuits, also have the function of protecting control circuit simultaneously concurrently, therefore, but the utility model flexible adaptation various control is required, bring great convenience to Application Design, make that the electronic system product cost is extremely low, property/price ratio is higher.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block circuit diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 1

Fig. 3 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 2.

Fig. 4 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 3.

Fig. 5 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 4.

Fig. 6 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 5.

Fig. 7 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 6.

Among Fig. 1: (1) is sensing circuit or integrating circuit, and (2) for being protected the formula governor circuit, (3) are master control threshold base circuit, and (4) for guaranteeing the minimum the countercharge circuit, (5) promote executive circuit and protect the control display circuit for the string control.

Embodiment

Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.

The schematic block circuit diagram of embodiment 1 to 4, as shown in Figure 1, (1) is sensing circuit or integrating circuit, and (2) for being protected the formula governor circuit, (3) are master control threshold base circuit, and (4) for guaranteeing the minimum the countercharge circuit, (5) promote executive circuit and protect the control display circuit for the string control.Described tie point (the V of signal input part that is protected formula governor circuit (2) and guarantee the minimum countercharge circuit (4) _i) be connected with the output of sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), described another threshold value reference voltage input of being protected formula governor circuit (2) connects the voltage output end (Vm) of master control threshold base circuit (3) or connects the output (Ve) of the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum and go here and there controls a control input end that promotes executive circuit and protect the control display circuit,, protected the output (V of formula governor circuit (2) _o) promote executive circuit and protect another control input end of controlling display circuit (5) to link to each other with the string control; The normally opened contact of executive circuit (relay) links to each other with the power supply circuits of load.

Embodiment 1:

The physical circuit schematic diagram of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC2 series resistor R21, or resistance R P2 serial connection capacitor C 21, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 and resistance R 22, R26, R213, R211, R212, described master control threshold base circuit (3) comprises resistance R 211, R212, or resistance R 23, R24 dividing point (Ve2), the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22, resistance R 28, R29, R210, described string control promotes executive circuit and protects control display circuit (5) to comprise triode VT21, VT22, resistance R 23, R24, R25, R27, relay J 2, diode D21, D22, D23, LED 2.

Fig. 2 circuit connecting mode:

The thermistor NTC2 one termination power V+ utmost point, other end connecting resistance R21, resistance R 21 other end ground connection, or resistance R P5 one termination power V+, another termination capacitor C 21 positive poles, capacitor C 21 minus earths, it connects dividing point (V _I20) through being connected in series the spacing tie point (V that is connected to two positives (+) input of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 and B22 after resistance R 22 is set again _I21) on; Tie point (V _I21) on also be connected to resistance R 26 and R213, resistance R 213 another termination power V+ utmost points, the output (V of resistance R 26 another termination operational amplifiers or voltage comparator B 21 _O2), resistance R 212 1 end ground connection, other end connecting resistance R211, resistance R 211 another termination power V+1 utmost points, anti-phase (-) input of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 are connected to the tie point (V of resistance R 211 crosstalks resistance R212 _M2), or connect the output V of the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum _E2, output V _E2Also be connected to diode D22, D23 positive pole, LED 2 negative poles, diode D22 negative pole concatenation operation amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 outputs, diode D23 negative pole connects resistance R 24, LED 2 anodal resistance R 23, resistance R 23 another termination power V+ utmost points, resistance R 24 another termination triode VT22 base stages of connecting; Anti-phase (-) input (V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 _D2) be connected to resistance R 28, R29, R210, resistance R 28 other end ground connection, resistance R 29 another termination power V+ utmost points, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 output (V _O2) be connected to resistance R 25, R26, R27, R210, another termination triode VT21 base stage of resistance R 25, resistance R 27 another termination power V+ utmost points; Triode VT21 emitter connects the power supply V+ utmost point, triode VT21 collector connecting relay J2 coil and diode D21 negative pole, and the diode D21 positive pole and the relay J 2 coil other ends all connect triode VT22 collector electrode, triode VT22 grounded emitter; It is spacing that the ratio of the resistance of adjusting resistance R 22, R26 can be set governor circuit B21 upper and lower bound, the dividing point (V of resistance R 211, R212 _M2) can set governor circuit B21 threshold value reference voltage; Operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21, the B22 power supply termination power V+1 utmost point, external circuit (sensing circuit or integrating circuit, string control promote executive circuit and protect the control display circuit) power supply connects the V+ utmost point, and power supply V+ pole tension is higher than power supply V+1 pole tension.

Fig. 2 circuit working principle:

At the beginning of circuit powered on, because of thermistor NTC2 is in the low temperature high-impedance state, or capacitor C 21 both end voltage were lower, make dividing point V _I20Above earth potential is lower, through spacing setting resistance R 22 liftings, still makes circuit input end (V _I21)Current potential is also lower, anti-phase (-) input (V of less-than operation amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 _M2) or (V _E2) current potential, its output (V _O2) output LOW voltage, through resistance R 25 pulling triode VT21 conductings, this moment, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 were because of positive (+) input (V _I21) voltage is higher than the input (V of its anti-phase (-) _D2) current potential, its output output high potential, the V after diode D22 isolates _E2Terminal potential is decided by the dividing potential drop of resistance R 23 string R24 resistance substantially, promotes triode VT22 conducting, and two triode VT22 conductings simultaneously make relay J 2 adhesives, its contacting load power source, and load begins to heat up.Triode VT22 conducting, LED 2 electric currents are small not luminous, indication circuit operate as normal fault-free, the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state.

Behind the power on circuitry certain hour, NTC2 rises with load temperature because of thermistor, and resistance diminishes, dividing point V _I20Current potential rises, or capacitor C 21 the two poles of the earth also can make dividing point V along with charging voltage rises in the integrating circuit _I20Current potential rises, V _I21Current potential also rises to greater than V thereupon _M2Or V _E2During voltage, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 outputs are still exported high potential, make triode VT22 conducting, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 output V _O2The output high potential makes triode VT21 by (resistance R 27 more helps triode VT21 and reliably ends), and relay J 2 coil blackouts discharge (back-emf is eliminated by D21) normally opened contact and cut off load power source, and temperature descends, and the NTC2 resistance becomes greatly gradually, V _I20Voltage descends, and works as V _I21Current potential descends less than V _M2During voltage, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 output V _O2Export electronegative potential again, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 outputs output high level makes all conductings of triode VT21, VT22, relay J 2 adhesives, the load intensification of switching on again, and circuit enters next temperature control cyclic process.Between upper and lower limit, carry out in the normal circulation temperature control process, or regularly, the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state all the time.

When sensing circuit breaks down (as thermistor NTC2 open circuit or resistance R 21 short circuits), or timing capacitor C21 is when being short-circuited, V _I20And V _I21Potential pole is low, because operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 outputs and V _E2The end output low level makes operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 output V _O2The output high potential, triode VT21, VT22 end, and force relay J 2 coil blackouts to discharge; cut off load power source, reached anti-purpose out of control, guaranteed security control; LED 2 is luminous simultaneously, shows that the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the error protection state.

Operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21, B22 meet supply voltage V+1 less than external circuit (sensing circuit or integrating circuit, string control promote executive circuit and protect the control display circuit) supply voltage V+, in order to prevent that unusual disconnection of the input of circuit own from causing out of control and design, further improved the fail safe of controlling.

Therefore, present embodiment surmounts the function and the performance of 555 time-base circuits, has important practical value.

Embodiment 2:

The physical circuit schematic diagram of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC3 series resistor R31, or resistance R p3 serial connection capacitor C 31, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises integrated operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31 and resistance R 32, R36, described master control threshold base circuit (3) comprises resistance R 311, R312, the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32, resistance R 38, described string control promote executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5) to comprise triode VT31, VT32, resistance R 33, R34, R35, R37, R39, relay J 3, diode D31, LED 3.

Fig. 3 circuit connecting mode:

The thermistor NTC3 one termination power V+ utmost point, other end connecting resistance R31, resistance R 31 other end ground connection, or resistance R p3 one termination power V+, another termination capacitor C 31 positive poles, capacitor C 31 minus earths, it connects dividing point (V _I30) the tie point (V of anti-phase (-) input through being connected in series spacing positive (+) input that is connected to operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31 after resistance R 32 is set again and operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 _I31) on; Resistance R 311 and R312 tie point (V _M3) be connected to anti-phase (-) input of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31; Output (the V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31 _O3) connect resistance R 35, R36, R37, another termination power V+ utmost point of resistance R 37, another termination triode VT31 base stage of resistance R 35, positive (+) input (V of another termination operational amplifier of resistance R 36 or voltage comparator B 31 _I31) on; Positive (+) input (V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 _D3) connection resistance R 312, R38, resistance R 38 other end ground connection; Output (the V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 _E3) connect resistance R 39, R34, another termination power V+ utmost point of resistance R 39, resistance R 34 another termination triode VT32 base stages; Triode VT31 emitter connects the power supply V+ utmost point, triode VT31 collector connecting transistor VT32 emitter, and triode VT32 collector connecting relay J3 coil and diode D31 negative pole, the diode D31 positive pole and the relay J 3 coil other ends are ground connection all; Resistance R 33 connects triode VT32 emitter, resistance R 33 other end sending and receiving optical diode LED3 positive poles, and LED 3 negative poles connect triode VT32 collector electrode; It is spacing that the ratio of the resistance of adjusting resistance R 32, R36 can be set governor circuit (operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31) upper and lower bound, the dividing point (V of resistance R 311, R312 _M3) can set governor circuit B31 threshold value reference voltage; Operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31, the B32 power supply termination power V+1 utmost point, external circuit (sensing circuit or integrating circuit, string control promote executive circuit and protect the control display circuit) connects the power supply V+ utmost point, and power supply V+ pole tension is higher than power supply V+1 pole tension.

Fig. 3 circuit working principle:

At the beginning of circuit powered on, because of thermistor NTC3 is in the low temperature high-impedance state, or capacitor C 31 both end voltage were lower, make dividing point V _I30Above earth potential is lower, through spacing setting resistance R 32 liftings, still makes circuit input end (V _I31) current potential is also lower, anti-phase (-) input (V of less-than operation amplifier B31 _M3) current potential, its output (V _O3) output LOW voltage, through resistance R 35 pulling triode VT31 conductings, this moment, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 were because of positive (+) input (V _D3) voltage is lower than the input (V of its anti-phase (-) _I31) voltage, its output (V _E3) output low level, also conducting of pulling triode VT32 makes relay J 3 adhesives, its contacting load power source, and load begins to heat up.Triode VT32 conducting, LED 3 is not luminous, indication circuit operate as normal fault-free, the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state.

Behind the power on circuitry certain hour, NTC3 rises with load temperature because of thermistor, and resistance diminishes, dividing point V _I30Current potential rises, or capacitor C 31 the two poles of the earth also can make dividing point V along with charging voltage rises in the integrating circuit _I30Current potential rises, V _I31Current potential also rises to greater than master control threshold (value) base (standard) V thereupon _M3During voltage, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31 output V _O3The output high potential ends triode VT31, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 output V _E3Still export electronegative potential, make triode VT32 continue conducting, resistance R 37 more helps output V _O3The current potential lifting ends the triode VT31 degree of depth, and relay J 3 coil blackouts discharge (back-emf is eliminated by D31), and normally opened contact cuts off load power source, and temperature descends, and the NTC3 resistance becomes greatly gradually, V _I30Voltage descends, and works as V _I31Current potential descends less than V _M3During voltage, output V _O3The intensification of switching on again of output low level again, pulling triode VT31 conducting, relay J 3 adhesive again, load, circuit enters next temperature control cyclic process.Between upper and lower limit, carry out in the normal circulation temperature control process, or regularly, the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state all the time.

When sensing circuit breaks down (as thermistor NTC3 open circuit or resistance R 31 short circuits), or timing capacitor C31 is when being short-circuited, V _I30And V _I31Potential pole is low, output V _O3Also be electronegative potential, triode VT31 conducting out of control, but since operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 because of anti-phase (-) input (V _I31) voltage is lower than its positive (+) input (V _D3) voltage, and output (V _E3) the output high potential, make triode VT32 by (resistance R 39 more helps output V _E3The current potential lifting, make the triode VT32 degree of depth by), force the release of still cutting off the power supply of relay J 3 coils; cut off load power source, reached the purpose that prevents that triode VT31 is out of control, guaranteed security control; LED 3 is luminous simultaneously, shows that the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the error protection state.

Operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31, B32 meet supply voltage V+1 less than external circuit supply voltage V+, cause out of control and designs in order to prevent unusual disconnection of the input of circuit own, have further improved the fail safe of controlling.

Embodiment 3:

The physical circuit schematic diagram of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC4 series resistor R41, or adjustable resistance RP4 serial connection capacitor C 41, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises and door U4, resistance R 42, R46, described master control threshold base (3) is exactly the threshold voltage with door U4 itself, the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises NOR gate F4, resistance R 48, R49, described string control promotes to carry out and protects control display circuit (5) and comprises triode VT41, VT42, resistance R 43, R44, R45, diode D41, LED 4 and relay J 4.

Fig. 4 circuit connecting mode:

Thermistor NTC4 one end ground connection, other end series resistor R41, resistance R 41 another termination power V+ utmost points, or resistance R P4 one end ground connection, another termination capacitor C 41 negative poles, capacitor C 41 positive poles connect the power supply V+ utmost point, and it connects dividing point Vi40 and is connected to an input V with door U4 through the spacing resistance R 42 that is provided with _I41, resistance R 46 cross-over connections in door U4 input (V _I41) and output (V _O4) between, resistance R 49 serial connection R48, its dividing point V _D4Connect two inputs of NOR gate F4, the other end ground connection of resistance R 48, resistance R 49 cross-over connections in Vd4 and with door U4 input (V _I41) between, the output V of NOR gate F4 _E4Another input of connection and door U4, V _E4Also be connected to LED 4 negative poles, LED 4 anodal connecting resistance R43, another termination power V+ utmost point of R43 is with door U4 output V _O4And series resistor R45 between the triode VT41, output V _E4And series resistor R44 between the triode VT42, triode VT41 emitter links to each other with triode VT42 collector electrode, three utmost point VT42 grounded emitters, triode VT41 collector connecting relay J4 coil and diode D41 positive pole, diode cathode and another termination power of J4 coil V+ utmost point, relay contact is as the break-make in the negative source of disconnecting of automatic switch control; Resistance R 42 is spacing with the upper and lower bound that the ratio of the resistance of resistance R 46 is set U4.

Fig. 4 circuit working principle:

At the beginning of circuit powered on, because of thermistor NTC4 is in the low temperature high-impedance state, or capacitor C 41 both end voltage were lower, make dividing point V _I40Above earth potential is higher, through spacing resistance R 42 liftings is set, with door U4 input V _I41Current potential is also higher, greater than with the threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) of door U4 input, this moment, another input current potential with door U4 was subjected to NOR gate F4 output (V _E4) control, and the two input V of NOR gate F4 _D4Current potential is established V by resistance R 49 string R48 dividing potential drop decisions _D4Current potential is less than NOR gate F4 threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+), so NOR gate F4 output V _E4The output high level is with door U4 two input V _I41And V _E4When all being high level, its output V _O4Also be high level, through resistance R 46 feedbacks, make V on the one hand _I41Current potential is higher, is locked in the high level output state with door U4, promotes triode VT41 conducting, NOR gate F4 output V through resistance R 45 on the other hand _E4Export high level, promote the VT42 conductings through resistance R 44, two triode VT41, VT42 conductings simultaneously make relay J 4 coil electricity adhesives, and the negative source of disconnecting of J4 contacting, negative sectioning begin to heat up, and this moment, LED 4 is because of V _E4High level is not luminous, and the countercharge circuit of representing to guarantee the minimum is in the garrison state.

Circuit powers on behind the certain hour, and NTC4 rises with load temperature because of thermistor, and resistance diminishes, dividing point V _I40Current potential descends, or charging timing capacitor C41 the two poles of the earth make dividing point V along with charging voltage increases in the integrating circuit _I40Current potential descends, V _I41Current potential is also with V _I40Current potential drops to less than with the threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) of door U4 the time, with door U4 output V _O4The output electronegative potential is through resistance R 46 feedbacks, V _I41Current potential is lower, and is locked in low-potential state, V _O4Electronegative potential ends triode VT41, and relay J 4 coil blackouts discharge (back-emf is eliminated by D41), its break of contact load power source, and load begins cooling, and it is big that the NTC4 resistance becomes, V _I40Current potential begins again to rise, and works as V _I41Current potential rises to greater than with door U4 threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) time, exports high level again with door U4, promotes relay J 4 adhesives, and the load energising heats up, and circuit enters next temperature control cyclic process.Between bound, carry out in the normal temperature control cyclic process, or regularly, the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state all the time.

When sensing circuit breaks down (as NTC4 open circuit or R41 short circuit), or regularly during the short circuit of charging capacitor C41 the two poles of the earth, V _I40And V _I41Potential rise is to high (near V+), V _D4Current potential also greater than the threshold potential (≈ 1/2V+) of NOR gate F4, makes NOR gate F4 output V _E4The low level of output countercharge, the luminous demonstration fault of luminous tube LED4, output V _E4Low level triode VT42 is also ended, make on the other hand and a door U4 output V _O4Also be low level, and by triode VT41, relay J 4 coil blackouts discharge, J4 break of contact load power source reaches anti-purpose out of control.

Embodiment 4:

The physical circuit schematic diagram of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC5 series resistor R51, or adjustable resistance RP5 string control capacitor C 51, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises biconditional gate YHF1, resistance R 52, R56, described master control threshold base (3) is exactly the threshold voltage of biconditional gate YHF1 itself, and the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises resistance R 58, R59 and tie point (V thereof _F5) connect the input (V of control biconditional gate YHF1 _F5), described string control promotes to carry out and protects control display circuit (5) and comprises triode VT51, VT52, resistance R 54, R55, R57, diode D51, relay J 5 and biconditional gate YHF2, LED 5, resistance R 53, R510, perhaps need not protect the control display circuit, cancellation biconditional gate YHF2, LED 5, resistance R 53, R510.

Fig. 5 circuit connecting mode:

The termination power V+ of thermistor NTC5 end, the other end be through resistance R 51 ground connection, or a termination power V+ utmost point, another termination capacitor C 51 positive poles of adjustable resistance RP5 in the integrating circuit, capacitor C 51 minus earths, and it connects dividing point V _I50An input V with biconditional gate YHF1 _I51Between the string resistance R 52 is arranged, resistance R 56 cross-over connections are in the input (V of biconditional gate YHF1 _I51) and output (V _O5) between; Resistance R 58 cross-over connections are in two input (V of biconditional gate YHF1 _I51) and (V _F5) between, V _F5Also link to each other resistance R 59 another termination power V+ utmost points, resistance R 510 another termination biconditional gate YHF2 output V with resistance R 510, R59 with the input of another biconditional gate YHF2 _Y5, another input of biconditional gate YHF2 and resistance R 53 are connected to the power supply V+ utmost point together, resistance R 53 other end sending and receiving optical diode LED5 positive poles, and diode (LED) 5 negative poles meet biconditional gate YHF2 output V _Y5Biconditional gate YHF1 output V _O5Connect resistance R 54, R55, R57, resistance R 54 another termination triode VT52 base stages, resistance R 55 another termination triode VT51 base stages, resistance R 57 another termination power V+ utmost points; Triode VT52 emitter connects triode VT51 collector electrode, triode VT51 emitter connects the power supply V+ utmost point, triode VT52 collector connecting relay J5 coil and diode D51 negative pole, the diode D51 positive pole and the relay J 5 coil other ends are held with being connected to, and relay J 5 normally opened contacts are as the break-make of automatic switch control load power source; Regulate resistance R 52 and the ratio of the resistance of R56 and can set or change the upper and lower bound current potential of YHF1.

Fig. 5 circuit working principle:

At the beginning of circuit powered on, because of thermistor NTC5 is in the low temperature high-impedance state, or capacitor C 51 both end voltage can not suddenly change, and make dividing point (V _I50) above earth potential is lower, through spacing resistance R 52 liftings, the input (V of biconditional gate YHF1 of being provided with _I51) current potential is still lower, is lower than the threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) of biconditional gate YHF1 input, and this moment biconditional gate YHF1 another input V _F5Current potential because of resistance R 59, the R58 dividing potential drop of connecting, be provided with and be higher than threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+), because two input current potentials, the one height (V of biconditional gate YHF1 _F5High) a low (V _I51Low), so make biconditional gate YHF1 output V _O5Output low level feeds back to input (V through feedback resistance R56 on the one hand _I51), make V _I51Current potential is lower, Circuit lock fixes on low output state, on the other hand, promote triode VT51, VT52 conducting through current-limiting resistance R54, R55, the contact of relay J 5 energising adhesives, J5 connects load power source, load is heated up, and two input current potentials of another biconditional gate YHF2 all are high level at this moment, so biconditional gate YHF2 output (V _Y5) also exporting high level, no current illustrates that by not luminous the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state among the LED 5 series resistance R53.

Circuit powers on behind the certain hour, and NTC5 rises with load temperature because of thermistor, diminishes dividing point V with value _I50Current potential rises, or timing capacitor C51 the two poles of the earth increase with charging voltage in the integrating circuit, make dividing point V _I50Current potential rises, V _I51Current potential is with V _I50When current potential rose to greater than the threshold voltage of biconditional gate YHF1 (≈ 1/2V+), biconditional gate YHF1 two inputs all were high level, so its output (V _O5) the output high level, triode VT51, VT52 lose base flow and end, and relay J 5 coil blackouts discharge (back-emf is eliminated by D51), its normally opened contact cuts off the negative source of disconnecting, negative sectioning begins to lower the temperature, and finishes first loop temperature-control or regularly end to this, enters next temperature control circulation.But biconditional gate YHF2 still exports high level, and in this spacing master control normal circulation temperature control process up and down or before and after the normal timing, the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state all the time.

When sensing circuit breaks down (as NTC5 open circuit or R51 short circuit), or when regularly charging capacitor C51 the two poles of the earth are short-circuited, V _I50And V _I51Potential drop to the utmost point low (closely current potential), V _F5Current potential also is lower than the threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) of biconditional gate YHF1, YHF2, makes biconditional gate YHF1 output high level, YHF2 output low level, V _Y5Low level makes LED 5 luminous demonstration faults, as cancellation biconditional gate YHF2, biconditional gate YHF1 output (V _O5) still can export high level, make relay J 5 normally opened contacts cut off load power source, reach purpose anti-out of control, that ensure safety.

Embodiment 5:

The physical circuit schematic diagram of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC6 and resistance R 61, or adjustable resistance RP6, capacitor C 61, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises integrated operational amplifier A61 and resistance R 62, R63, R64, R66, described master control threshold base circuit (3) is exactly that the upper and lower bound of governor circuit is provided with resistance R 63, R64, R66, the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises voltage comparator B 62, resistance R 68, R69, described string control promotes executive circuit and protects control display circuit (5) to comprise triode VT61, VT62, resistance R 64, R65, voltage stabilizing didoe D62, relay J 6, diode D61, LED 6.

Fig. 6 circuit connecting mode:

Thermistor NTC6 one termination power V ₊The utmost point, other end series resistor R61, resistance R 61 other end ground connection, or the adjustable resistance RP6 one termination power V+ utmost point, another termination capacitor C 61 positive poles, capacitor C 61 minus earths, it connects dividing point (V _I6) directly connect positive (+) input and the resistance R 62 of voltage comparator B 62, anti-phase (-) input of resistance R 62 another termination operational amplifier A 61, but anti-phase (-) input above earth potential of resistance R 62 bed hedgehopping operational amplifier A 61; Resistance R 68 and R69 tie point (V _D6) be connected to anti-phase (-) input of voltage comparator B 62, the other end ground connection of resistance R 68, another termination power V of resistance R 69 _{+ 1}The utmost point; Output (the V of voltage comparator B 62 _E6) positive (+) input of concatenation operation amplifier A61, also connecting resistance R 63, R64, R66, the other end sending and receiving optical diode LED6 negative pole of resistance R 63, LED6 positive pole meet power supply V _{+ 1}The utmost point, another termination triode VT62 base stage of resistance R 64, or direct ground connection, the output (V of another termination operational amplifier A 61 of resistance R 66 _O6) and voltage stabilizing didoe D62 negative pole, voltage stabilizing didoe D62 are anodal and triode VT61 base stage between series resistor R65; Triode VT61 emitter connects triode VT62 collector electrode, or direct ground connection, triode VT62 grounded emitter, and triode VT61 collector connecting relay J6 coil and diode D61 positive pole, the diode D61 negative pole and the relay J 6 coil other ends all meet DC power supply V ₊The utmost point; It is spacing that the ratio of regulating the resistance of resistance R 63, R64, R66 can be set the upper and lower bound of operational amplifier A 61, the dividing point (V of resistance R 68, R69 _D6) can setting voltage comparator B62 lowest limit reference voltage; Operational amplifier A 61 and voltage comparator B 62 power supply termination DC power supply V _{+ 1}The utmost point, sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), string control promote executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5) to meet DC power supply V ₊The utmost point, DC power supply V+ pole tension is higher than DC power supply V _{+ 1}Pole tension.

Fig. 6 circuit working principle:

At the beginning of circuit powered on, because of thermistor NTC6 is in the low temperature high-impedance state, or capacitor C 61 both end voltage were lower, make dividing point V _I6Above earth potential is lower, and through resistance R 62 bed hedgehoppings, anti-phase (-) input current potential of operational amplifier A 61 also only is slightly higher than input V _I6Current potential all is lower than positive (+) input current potential (V of operational amplifier A 61 _E6), so operational amplifier A 61 output (V _O6) the output high potential, one side makes positive (+) input (V of operational amplifier A 61 _E6) because of resistance R 66 positive feedback effects are set to upper limit current potential automatically, promoting triode VT61 conducting through voltage stabilizing didoe D62 and resistance R 65 on the other hand, this moment, voltage comparator B 62 was because of positive (+) input (V _I6) current potential is higher than the input (V of its anti-phase (-) _D6) lowest limit current potential, its output (V _E6) the output high level, promote also conducting of triode VT62 through resistance R 64, make relay J 6 adhesives, the J6 normally opened contact is connected load power source, and load begins to heat up.6 of LEDs glimmer, indication circuit operate as normal fault-free, and the countercharge circuit of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state.

Behind the power on circuitry certain hour, NTC6 rises with load temperature because of thermistor, and resistance diminishes, dividing point V _I6Current potential rises, or capacitor C 61 the two poles of the earth also can make dividing point V along with charging voltage rises in the integrating circuit _I6Current potential rises, and anti-phase (-) input current potential of operational amplifier A 61 is a little more than input V _I6Current potential is when this current potential rises to positive (+) input (V greater than operational amplifier A 61 _E6) set the upper limit current potential time, operational amplifier A 61 output (V _O6) the output electronegative potential, one side makes positive (+) input (V of operational amplifier A 61 because of resistance R 66 positive feedback effects _E6) be set to the lower limit current potential automatically, triode VT61 is ended, relay J 6 coil blackouts discharge (back-emf is eliminated by D61), and its normally opened contact cuts off load power source, and temperature descends, and the NTC6 resistance becomes greatly gradually, makes input (V _I6) current potential decline, anti-phase (-) input current potential of operational amplifier A 61 also descends thereupon, when it descends less than input (V _E6) set the lower limit current potential time, output V _O6Export high level again, promote triode VT61 conducting, relay J 6 adhesive again, the load intensification of switching on again, circuit enters next temperature control cyclic process.Between upper and lower limit, carry out in the normal circulation temperature control process, or regularly, voltage comparator B 62 output (V _E6) export high potential all the time, make triode VT62 keep conducting state, thereby the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum also is in the garrison state all the time.

When sensing circuit breaks down (as thermistor NTC6 open circuit or resistance R 61 short circuits), or timing capacitor C61 is when being short-circuited, input (V _I6) potential pole is low, is lower than voltage comparator B 62 anti-phase (-) input (V _D6) current potential, make output (V _E6) the output electronegative potential, force triode VT62 to end; Again since resistance R 62 bed hedgehoppings anti-phase (-) input above earth potential of operational amplifier A 61, and this moment, this current potential was higher than positive (+) input (V of operational amplifier A 61 _E6) current potential, so make operational amplifier A 61 output (V _O6) also export electronegative potential; force triode VT61 also to end; relay J 6 coil blackouts discharge; its normally opened contact cuts off load power source; reached and prevented purpose out of control; guaranteed security control, LED 6 is luminous obvious simultaneously, shows that the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum is in the error protection state.

Operational amplifier A 61 and voltage comparator B 62 power ends and the LED 6 anodal power supply V that connect _{+ 1}Pole tension is less than sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) and the string control promotes executive circuit and the guarantor is controlled display circuit (5) the DC power supply V that connects ₊Pole tension causes out of control and design in order to prevent unusual disconnection of the input of circuit own, has further improved the fail safe of controlling.

Embodiment 6:

The physical circuit schematic diagram of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC7 series resistor R71, or adjustable resistance RP7 serial connection capacitor C 71, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises XOR gate YH7, resistance R 72, R76, described master control threshold base (3) is exactly the threshold voltage of XOR gate YH7 itself, and the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises the input (V of resistance R 78, R79 and XOR gate YH7 _F7), described string control promotes to carry out and protects control display circuit (5) and comprises triode VT71, VT72, resistance R 74, R75, diode D71, relay J 7.

Fig. 7 circuit connecting mode:

The end ground connection of thermistor NTC7, other end series resistor R71, resistance R 71 another termination power V ₊The utmost point, or an end ground connection, another termination capacitor C 71 negative poles of adjustable resistance RP7 in the integrating circuit, capacitor C 71 positive poles meet power supply V ₊The utmost point, it connects dividing point V _It7An input V with XOR gate YH7 _I7Between the string resistance R 72 is arranged, resistance R 76 cross-over connections are in the input (V of XOR gate YH7 _I7) and output (V _O7) between, resistance R 78 cross-over connections are in two input (V of XOR gate YH7 _I7And V _F7) between, V _F7Also link to each other resistance R 79 other end ground connection, XOR gate YH7 output V with resistance R 79 _O7Connect resistance R 74, R75, resistance R 74 another termination triode VT72 base stages, resistance R 75 another termination triode VT71 base stages, triode VT71 emitter connects triode VT72 collector electrode, triode VT72 grounded emitter, triode VT71 collector connecting relay J7 coil and diode D71 positive pole, the diode D71 negative pole and the relay J 7 coil other ends are connected to power supply V ₊The utmost point, relay J 7 normally opened contacts are as the break-make of automatic switch control load power source; Regulate resistance R 72 and the ratio of the resistance of R76 and can set or change the upper and lower bound current potential of XOR gate YHF7.

Fig. 7 circuit working principle:

At the beginning of circuit powered on, because of thermistor NTC7 is in the low temperature high-impedance state, or capacitor C 71 both end voltage can not suddenly change, and make dividing point (Vit7) above earth potential higher, reduced the input (V of XOR gate YH7 through the spacing resistance R 72 that is provided with _I7) current potential is still higher, is higher than the threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) of XOR gate YH7 input, and this moment XOR gate YH7 another input V _F7Current potential because of resistance R 78 series connection R79 step-downs again, so be lower than XOR gate YH7 threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+), owing to two input current potentials, the one height (V of XOR gate YH7 _I7High) a low (V _F7Low), so make XOR gate YH7 output V _O7The output high level through feedback resistance R76 feedback, makes input (V on the one hand _I7) current potential is higher, Circuit lock fixes on high output state, on the other hand, promotes triode VT71, VT72 conducting through current-limiting resistance R74, R75, and the normally opened contact of relay J 7 energising adhesives, J7 is connected load power source, and load is heated up, and makes V _I7Current potential begins to descend the input (V of XOR gate YH7 _F7) current potential is lower, illustrating that the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state.

Circuit powers on behind the certain hour, and NTC7 rises with load temperature because of thermistor, diminishes dividing point V with value _It7Current potential descends, or timing capacitor C71 the two poles of the earth increase with charging voltage in the integrating circuit, make dividing point V _It7Current potential descends, V _I7Current potential is with V _It7When current potential dropped to less than the threshold voltage of XOR gate YH7 (≈ 1/2V+), XOR gate YH7 two inputs all were low level, so its output (V _O7) output low level, through feedback resistance R76 feedback, make input (V on the one hand _I7) current potential is lower, Circuit lock fixes on low output state, on the other hand, triode VT71, VT72 lose base flow and end, relay J 7 coil blackouts discharge (back-emf is eliminated by D71), and its normally opened contact cuts off the negative source of disconnecting, and bear to section the beginning cooling, finish first loop temperature-control or regularly end to this, enter next temperature control circulation.In this upper and lower spacing governor circuit normal circulation temperature control process, or before and after the normal timing, the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum is in the garrison state all the time.

When sensing circuit breaks down (as NTC7 open circuit or R71 short circuit), or when regularly charging capacitor C71 the two poles of the earth are short-circuited, V _It7And V _I7Potential rise is to high (near power supply V ₊Electrode potential), V _F7Current potential also is higher than the threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) of XOR gate YH7, when XOR gate YH7 two inputs all are high level, makes XOR gate YH7 output (V _O7) output low level, through feedback resistance R76 feedback, make XOR gate YH7 two input (V on the one hand _I7And V _F7) current potential reduces slightly, but the threshold voltage (≈ 1/2V+) that all still is higher than XOR gate YH7, Circuit lock fixes on low output state, on the other hand, triode VT71, VT72 lose base flow and end, relay J 7 coil blackouts discharge (back-emf is eliminated by D71), and its normally opened contact forces relay J 7 to cut off load power source, reach purpose anti-out of control, that ensure safety.

Claims

1. guarantee the minimum temperature control or timing circuit comprise sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), it is characterized in that: also comprise protected formula governor circuit (2), master control threshold base (3), the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum, string control promote executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5); The output of described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) connects the input (V that is protected formula governor circuit (2) _i) and guarantee the minimum the countercharge circuit (4) input (V _i), described another threshold value reference voltage input of being protected formula governor circuit (2) connects the voltage output end (Vm) of master control threshold base (3) or connects the output (Ve) of the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum and go here and there controls a control input end that promotes executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5), is protected the output (V of formula governor circuit (2) _o) promote executive circuit and protect another control input end of controlling display circuit (5) to link to each other with the string control, the output of executive circuit links to each other with the power supply circuits of electrothermal load; Described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) can be the sensing circuit or the resistance RC integrating circuit that charging constitutes to electric capacity of temperature sensor or pressure sensor or liquid level sensor series resistor formation; The described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected can be with operational amplifier or voltage comparator, perhaps XOR gate or biconditional gate or with door or or door or homophase door be the circuit that main part constitutes, also can be that other device with its function equivalent is the circuit that main part constitutes; The described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum is to be the circuit that main part constitutes with operational amplifier or voltage comparator or XOR gate or biconditional gate or NAND gate or NOR gate or not gate, also can be that other device with its function equivalent is the circuit that main part constitutes; It is by two triodes series connection control relay coil powers or by a triode and operational amplifier or voltage comparator output string controlled relay coil power or by two analog switches series connection control relay coil powers or directly to go here and there the controlled relay coil power by two operational amplifiers or voltage comparator output be the circuit that main part constitutes that described string control promotes executive circuit; It is the circuit that is made of a resistance series connection LED that described guarantor is controlled display circuit; The voltage (Vm) of described master control threshold base (3) also can be made of connect dividing potential drop or voltage stabilizing circuit of resistance; Describedly protected formula governor circuit (2) and the supply voltage of guarantee the minimum countercharge circuit (4), master control threshold base (3) is V+1, sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), string control promote executive circuit and protect the supply voltage of controlling display circuit (5) is V+, establishes voltage V+ and is higher than voltage V+1; Also can allow two element circuits work side by side, divide the open string control to promote executive circuit input signal potential, the output of surveying sensing circuit or integrating circuit output in parallel, further improve the reliability of control.

2. temperature control or the timing circuit of guaranteeing the minimum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC2 series resistor R21, or resistance R P2 serial connection capacitor C 21, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 and resistance R 22, R26, R213, R211, R212, described master control threshold base circuit (3) comprises resistance R 211, R212, or resistance R 23, R24 dividing point (Ve2), the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22, resistance R 28, R29, R210, described string control promotes executive circuit and protects control display circuit (5) to comprise triode VT21, VT22, resistance R 23, R24, R25, R27, relay J 2, diode D21, D22, D23, LED 2; The thermistor NTC2 one termination power V+ utmost point, other end connecting resistance R21, resistance R 21 other end ground connection, or resistance R P5 one termination power V+, another termination capacitor C 21 positive poles, capacitor C 21 minus earths, it connects dividing point (V _I20) through being connected in series the spacing tie point (V that is connected to two positives (+) input of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 and B22 after resistance R 22 is set again _I21) on; Tie point (V _I21) on also be connected to resistance R 26 and R213, resistance R 213 another termination power V+ utmost points, the output (V of resistance R 26 another termination operational amplifiers or voltage comparator B 21 _O2), resistance R 212 1 end ground connection, other end connecting resistance R211, resistance R 211 another termination power V+1 utmost points; Anti-phase (-) input of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 is connected to the tie point (V of resistance R 211 crosstalks resistance R212 _M2), or connect the output V of the countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum _E2, output V _E2Also be connected to diode D22, D23 positive pole, LED 2 negative poles, diode D22 negative pole concatenation operation amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 outputs, diode D23 negative pole connects resistance R 24, LED 2 anodal resistance R 23, resistance R 23 another termination power V+ utmost points, resistance R 24 another termination triode VT22 base stages of connecting; Anti-phase (-) input (V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 22 _D2) be connected to resistance R 28, R29, R210, resistance R 28 other end ground connection, resistance R 29 another termination power V+ utmost points, operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21 output (V _O2) be connected to resistance R 25, R26, R27, R210, another termination triode VT21 base stage of resistance R 25, resistance R 27 another termination power V+ utmost points; Triode VT21 emitter connects the power supply V+ utmost point, triode VT21 collector connecting relay J2 coil and diode D21 negative pole, and the diode D21 positive pole and the relay J 2 coil other ends all connect triode VT22 collector electrode, triode VT22 grounded emitter; It is spacing that the ratio of the resistance of adjusting resistance R 22, R26 can be set governor circuit B21 upper and lower bound; Dividing point (the V of resistance R 211, R212 _M2) can set governor circuit B21 threshold value reference voltage; Operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 21, the B22 power supply termination power V+1 utmost point, sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), string control promote executive circuit and protect the power supply termination power V+ utmost point of control display circuit (5), and power supply V+ pole tension is higher than power supply V+1 pole tension.

3. temperature control or the timing circuit of guaranteeing the minimum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC3 series resistor R31, or resistance R p3 serial connection capacitor C 31, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises integrated operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31 and resistance R 32, R36, described master control threshold base circuit (3) comprises resistance R 311, R312, the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32, resistance R 38, described string control promote executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5) to comprise triode VT31, VT32, resistance R 33, R34, R35, R37, R39, relay J 3, diode D31, LED 3; The thermistor NTC3 one termination power V+ utmost point, other end connecting resistance R31, resistance R 31 other end ground connection, or resistance R p3 one termination power V+, another termination capacitor C 31 positive poles, capacitor C 31 minus earths, it connects dividing point (V _I30) the tie point (V of anti-phase (-) input through being connected in series spacing positive (+) input that is connected to operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31 after resistance R 32 is set again and operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 _I31) on; Resistance R 311 and R312 tie point (V _M3) be connected to anti-phase (-) input of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31; Output (the V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31 _O3) connect resistance R 35, R36, R37, another termination power V+ utmost point of resistance R 37, another termination triode VT31 base stage of resistance R 35, positive (+) input (V of another termination operational amplifier of resistance R 36 or voltage comparator B 31 _I31) on; Positive (+) input (V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 _D3) connection resistance R 312, R38, resistance R 38 other end ground connection; Output (the V of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 32 _E3) connect resistance R 39, R34, another termination power V+ utmost point of resistance R 39, resistance R 34 another termination triode VT32 base stages; Triode VT31 emitter connects the power supply V+ utmost point, triode VT31 collector connecting transistor VT32 emitter, and triode VT32 collector connecting relay J3 coil and diode D31 negative pole, the diode D31 positive pole and the relay J 3 coil other ends are ground connection all; Resistance R 33 connects triode VT32 emitter, resistance R 33 other end sending and receiving optical diode LED3 positive poles, and LED 3 negative poles connect triode VT32 collector electrode; It is spacing that the ratio of regulating the resistance of resistance R 32, R36 can be set the upper and lower bound of operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31, the dividing point (V of resistance R 311, R312 _M3) can set governor circuit B31 threshold value reference voltage; Operational amplifier or voltage comparator B 31, the B32 power supply termination power V+1 utmost point, sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), string control promote executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5) the power supply termination power V+ utmost point, and power supply V+ pole tension is higher than power supply V+1 pole tension.

4. temperature control or the timing circuit of guaranteeing the minimum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC4 series resistor R41, or adjustable resistance RP4 serial connection capacitor C 41, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises and door U4, resistance R 42, R46, described master control threshold base (3) is exactly the threshold voltage with door U4 itself, the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises NOR gate F4, resistance R 48, R49, described string control promotes to carry out and protects control display circuit (5) and comprises triode VT41, VT42, resistance R 43, R44, R45, diode D41, LED 4 and relay J 4; Thermistor NTC4 one end ground connection, other end series resistor R41, resistance R 41 another termination power V+ utmost points, or resistance R P4 one end ground connection, another termination capacitor C 41 negative poles, capacitor C 41 positive poles connect the power supply V+ utmost point, and it connects dividing point Vi40 and is connected to an input V with door U4 through the spacing resistance R 42 that is provided with _I41, resistance R 46 cross-over connections in door U4 input (V _I41) and output (V _O4) between; Resistance R 49 serial connection R48, its dividing point V _D4Connect two inputs of NOR gate F4, the other end ground connection of resistance R 48, resistance R 49 cross-over connections in Vd4 and with door U4 input (V _I41) between; The output V of NOR gate F4 _E4Another input of connection and door U4, V _E4Also be connected to LED 4 negative poles, LED 4 anodal connecting resistance R43, another termination power V+ utmost point of R43; With door U4 output V _O4And series resistor R45 between the triode VT41, output V _E4And series resistor R44 between the triode VT42, triode VT41 emitter links to each other with triode VT42 collector electrode, three utmost point VT42 grounded emitters, triode VT41 collector connecting relay J4 coil and diode D41 positive pole, diode cathode and another termination power of J4 coil V+ utmost point, relay contact is as the break-make in the negative source of disconnecting of automatic switch control; Resistance R 42 is spacing with the upper and lower bound that the ratio of the resistance of resistance R 46 is set U4.

5. temperature control or the timing circuit of guaranteeing the minimum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC5 series resistor R51, or adjustable resistance RP5 string control capacitor C 51, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises biconditional gate YHF1, resistance R 52, R56, described master control threshold base (3) is exactly the threshold voltage of biconditional gate YHF1 itself, and the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises the tie point (V of resistance R 58, R59 _F5) connect the input (V of control biconditional gate YHF1 _F5), described string control promotes to carry out and protects control display circuit (5) and comprises triode VT51, VT52, resistance R 54, R55, R57, diode D51, relay J 5 and biconditional gate YHF2, LED 5, resistance R 53, R510, perhaps need not protect the control display circuit, cancellation biconditional gate YHF2, LED 5, resistance R 53, R510; The termination power V+ of thermistor NTC5 end, the other end be through resistance R 51 ground connection, or a termination power V+, another termination capacitor C 51 positive poles of adjustable resistance RP5 in the integrating circuit, capacitor C 51 minus earths, and it connects dividing point V _I50An input V with biconditional gate YHF1 _I51Between the string resistance R 52 is arranged, resistance R 56 cross-over connections are in the input (V of biconditional gate YHF1 _I51) and output (V _O5) between; Resistance R 58 cross-over connections are in two input (V of biconditional gate YHF1 _I51And V _F5) between, end points V _F5Also link to each other resistance R 59 another termination power V+, resistance R 510 another termination biconditional gate YHF2 output V with resistance R 510, R59 with the input of another biconditional gate YHF2 _Y5, another input of biconditional gate YHF2 and resistance R 53 are connected to the power supply V+ utmost point together, resistance R 53 other end sending and receiving optical diode LED5 positive poles, and diode (LED) 5 negative poles meet biconditional gate YHF2 output V _Y5Biconditional gate YHF1 output V _O5Connect resistance R 54, R55, R57, resistance R 54 another termination triode VT52 base stages, resistance R 55 another termination triode VT51 base stages, resistance R 57 another termination power V+ utmost points; Triode VT52 emitter connects triode VT51 collector electrode, triode VT51 emitter connects the power supply V+ utmost point, triode VT52 collector connecting relay J5 coil and diode D51 negative pole, the diode D51 positive pole and the relay J 5 coil other ends are held with being connected to, and relay J 5 contacts are as the break-make of automatic switch control load power source; Regulate resistance R 52 and the ratio of the resistance of R56 and can set or change the upper and lower bound current potential of YHF1.

6. temperature control or the timing circuit of guaranteeing the minimum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC6 and resistance R 61, or adjustable resistance RP6, capacitor C 61, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises integrated operational amplifier A61 and resistance R 62, R63, R64, R66, described master control threshold base circuit (3) is exactly that the upper and lower bound of governor circuit is provided with resistance R 63, R64, R66, the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises voltage comparator B 62, resistance R 68, R69, described string control promotes executive circuit and protects control display circuit (5) to comprise triode VT61, VT62, resistance R 64, R65, voltage stabilizing didoe D62, relay J 6, diode D61, LED 6; Thermistor NTC6 one termination power V ₊The utmost point, other end series resistor R61, resistance R 61 other end ground connection, or the adjustable resistance RP6 one termination power V+ utmost point, another termination capacitor C 61 positive poles, capacitor C 61 minus earths, it connects dividing point (V _I6) directly connect positive (+) input and the resistance R 62 of voltage comparator B 62, anti-phase (-) input of resistance R 62 another termination operational amplifier A 61; Resistance R 68 and R69 tie point (V _D6) be connected to anti-phase (-) input of voltage comparator B 62, the other end ground connection of resistance R 68, another termination power V of resistance R 69 _{+ 1}The utmost point; Output (the V of voltage comparator B 62 _E6) positive (+) input of concatenation operation amplifier A61, also connecting resistance R 63, R64, R66, the other end sending and receiving optical diode LED6 negative pole of resistance R 63, LED6 positive pole meet power supply V _{+ 1}The utmost point, another termination triode VT62 base stage of resistance R 64, or direct ground connection, the output (V of another termination operational amplifier A 61 of resistance R 66 _O6) and voltage stabilizing didoe D62 negative pole, voltage stabilizing didoe D62 are anodal and triode VT61 base stage between series resistor R65; Triode VT61 emitter connects triode VT62 collector electrode, or direct ground connection, triode VT62 grounded emitter, and triode VT61 collector connecting relay J6 coil and diode D61 positive pole, the diode D61 negative pole and the relay J 6 coil other ends all meet DC power supply V ₊The utmost point; It is spacing that the ratio of regulating the resistance of resistance R 63, R64, R66 can be set the upper and lower bound of operational amplifier A 61, the dividing point (V of resistance R 68, R69 _D6) can setting voltage comparator B62 lowest limit reference voltage; Operational amplifier A 61 and voltage comparator B 62 power supply termination DC power supply V _{+ 1}The utmost point, sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1), string control promote executive circuit and protect control display circuit (5) to meet DC power supply V ₊The utmost point, DC power supply V+ pole tension is higher than DC power supply V _{+ 1}Pole tension.

7. temperature control or the timing circuit of guaranteeing the minimum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing circuit or integrating circuit (1) comprise thermistor NTC7 series resistor R71, or adjustable resistance RP7 serial connection capacitor C 71, the described formula governor circuit (2) of being protected comprises XOR gate YH7, resistance R 72, R76, described master control threshold base (3) is exactly the threshold voltage of XOR gate YH7, and the described countercharge circuit (4) of guaranteeing the minimum comprises the input (V of resistance R 78, R79 and XOR gate YH7 _F7), described string control promotes to carry out and protects control display circuit (5) and comprises triode VT71, VT72, resistance R 74, R75, diode D71, relay J 7; The end ground connection of thermistor NTC7, other end series resistor R71, resistance R 71 another termination power V ₊The utmost point, or an end ground connection, another termination capacitor C 71 negative poles of adjustable resistance RP7 in the integrating circuit, capacitor C 71 positive poles meet power supply V ₊The utmost point, it connects dividing point V _It7An input V with XOR gate YH7 _I7Between the string resistance R 72 is arranged, resistance R 76 cross-over connections are in the input (V of XOR gate YH7 _I7) and output (V _O7) between, resistance R 78 cross-over connections are in two input (V of XOR gate YH7 _I7And V _F7) between, V _F7Also link to each other resistance R 79 other end ground connection, XOR gate YH7 output V with resistance R 79 _O7Connect resistance R 74, R75, resistance R 74 another termination triode VT72 base stages, resistance R 75 another termination triode VT71 base stages, triode VT71 emitter connects triode VT72 collector electrode, triode VT72 grounded emitter, triode VT71 collector connecting relay J7 coil and diode D71 positive pole, the diode D71 negative pole and the relay J 7 coil other ends are connected to power supply V ₊The utmost point, relay J 7 normally opened contacts are as the break-make of automatic switch control load power source; Regulate resistance R 72 and the ratio of the resistance of R76 and can set or change the upper and lower bound current potential of XOR gate YHF7.