CN201836140U - Hydraulic cylider, hydraulic buffer system, excavator and concrete pump truck - Google Patents
Hydraulic cylider, hydraulic buffer system, excavator and concrete pump truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN201836140U CN201836140U CN2010202692451U CN201020269245U CN201836140U CN 201836140 U CN201836140 U CN 201836140U CN 2010202692451 U CN2010202692451 U CN 2010202692451U CN 201020269245 U CN201020269245 U CN 201020269245U CN 201836140 U CN201836140 U CN 201836140U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hydraulic cylinder which is sleeved by a buffer sleeve that can slide along an axial direction of an additional segment of a piston rod at a piston rod addition segment in a rodless chamber. A cylinder chamber between an oil passing orifice of the rodless chamber and a terminal point position of a piston rodless chamber end face in which the piston rod performs retracting movement, is provided with a rodless chamber sealed end face which can block the buffer sleeve and can joint with a first end face of the buffer sleeve for forming a sealed surface. Furthermore the cylinder chamber is provided with at least one throttling oil duct. In a retracting movement process of the piston rod, between a time point when the first end face of the buffer sleeve is jointed with the rodless chamber sealed end face and the sealing surface is formed and a time period when the piston rod retreats to a terminal point position of the retreating movement, the hydraulic oil at the piston side of the sealing surface can flow to the oil passing hole of the rodless chamber through the throttling oil duct. The hydraulic cylinder has the following advantages: simple machining of the buffer structure, and good effect. The utility model simultaneously provides a hydraulic buffer system, an excavator and a concrete pump truck in which the hydraulic cylinder is used.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the hydraulics field, especially relates to a kind of hydraulic jack.The utility model is provided for the relevant apparatus of above-mentioned hydraulic jack simultaneously, and the hydraulic buffer system that uses this hydraulic jack, uses excavator, the concrete mixer of this hydraulic jack.
Background technique
Hydraulic jack is widely used parts in the engineering machinery, and in its working procedure, piston needs continuous to-and-fro motion.When piston rod reached limit position, piston end surface can produce very big impact to end cap, might cause the damage of hydraulic jack.For this reason, need damping device be set, avoid of the damage of above-mentioned percussion hydraulic jack at this position.
Existing damping device is different according to hydraulic jack application and size, has very big difference.Small-sized oil cylinder can directly adopt stage clip as damping device, still, and for the hydraulic jack of big cylinder diameter, big stroke, if adopt stage clip as damping device, the enough springs of elasticity will be difficult to obtain, and because its pressure is very big, spring will soon damage owing to compressing repeatedly.Therefore, the hydraulic jack for big cylinder diameter, big stroke adopts hydraulic cushion mechanism shown in Figure 1 usually.
Please referring to Fig. 1, this illustrates, and described damping device is included in minibuffer ring of installing on the middle annular groove that the piston rod additional sections offers 06 and the minibuffer that is enclosed within piston rod additional sections cover 04; Corresponding minibuffer cover 04 in the lid oral area position of the rodless cavity end cap 01 of oil cylinder, is provided with the buffering endoporus 07 that the external diameter of internal diameter and described minibuffer cover 04 matches.When described piston rod was withdrawn, described minibuffer cover 04 at first inserted in the described buffering endoporus 07, makes the oil return circuit of rodless cavity in the cylinder barrel 02 blocked, meanwhile, and the gap formation throttling oil duct between minibuffer cover 04 and the buffering endoporus 07; Like this, piston 05 can continue to be subjected to throttling oil duct damping function simultaneously to the retracted orientation motion, and its movement velocity descends.And piston 05 is near more from piston rod 03 withdrawal final position, and the throttling oil duct between minibuffer cover 04 and the buffering endoporus 07 is long more, and the damping of throttling oil duct is big more, and the motion of piston 05 is slow more, up to finally arriving piston rod 03 retraction movement final position stably.
Above-mentioned damping mechanism is widely used in the hydraulic jack of big cylinder diameter, big stroke at present, for hydraulic jack provides buffering guarantor preferably.
But also there is obvious defects in above-mentioned damping mechanism.At first, in above-mentioned big cylinder diameter, big stroke hydraulic oil cylinder, hydraulic jack often is operated under big load, the high-frequency operating conditions.For example, the driving oil cylinder of the occasions such as digging arm driving of excavator use.At this moment, the big cushion collar 04 in the above-mentioned damping mechanism need insert described buffering endoporus 07 repeatedly with high speed, and matching gap between the two was original just very little, and piston rod 03 is very heavy, and it is easily to lopsidedness under the effect of gravity; Therefore, the hydraulic jack that above-mentioned occasion is used is easy to occur cushion collar 04 can't insert the damping mechanism fault that cushions in the endoporus 07, causes whole hydraulic jack normally not use.
Another key issue of above-mentioned damping mechanism is that the outside dimension of big cushion collar 04 must accurately cooperate with the internal diameter of described buffering endoporus 07, otherwise just can't realize buffer function; It is high that this just causes the accuracy of manufacturing of this damping mechanism to require, and the manufacture level of general producer is difficult to reach.Because the excessive demand of above-mentioned accuracy of manufacturing, cause the hydraulic jack of big stroke, big cylinder diameter to become the bottleneck problem that engineering machinery such as excavator is produced, seriously limited the throughput of each manufacturer that is in the downstream link.
The model utility content
The utility model provides a kind of hydraulic jack, and the damping mechanism of this hydraulic jack can realize having longer working life by cushioning effect reliably under big load, high-frequency operating mode.And the accuracy of manufacturing of this hydraulic jack requires low, is convenient to tissue production.This hydraulic jack is specially adapted to the manufacturing of big cylinder diameter, long stroke hydraulic oil cylinder.
The utility model provides above-mentioned hydraulic jack relevant device simultaneously, comprises piston rod, rod chamber end cap and the cushion collar of its use.
The utility model provides a kind of hydraulic buffer system that uses above-mentioned hydraulic jack simultaneously.
The utility model provides a kind of excavator that uses above-mentioned hydraulic jack simultaneously.
The utility model provides a kind of concrete mixer that uses above-mentioned hydraulic jack simultaneously.
The utility model provides a kind of hydraulic jack, and this hydraulic jack is being positioned at the piston rod additional sections of rodless cavity, and being with can be along described piston rod additional sections cushion collar in axial sliding; The end face of this cushion collar at the bottom of the cylinder barrel tube is called cushion collar first end face; In the oil cylinder cavity between the final position of the piston rodless cavity end face of rodless cavity oil-through hole and piston rod retraction movement, be provided with and stop cushion collar and can fit and form the airtight end face of rodless cavity of sealing surface with described cushion collar first end face; Also be provided with at least one throttling oil duct, in piston rod retraction movement process, form from cushion collar first end face and the airtight end face applying of described rodless cavity, described sealing surface, when piston rod return back to described retraction movement final position, can flow to the rodless cavity oil-through hole by this throttling oil duct by the hydraulic oil of piston one side at described sealing surface.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct vertically straight line be arranged between piston rod and the cushion collar.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct is called first end near an end of piston, and an end of close rodless cavity oil-through hole is called second end, and the cross-section area of throttling oil duct increases to second end gradually from described first end.
Preferably, when described piston rod was retracted to the final position, described cushion collar was at regular intervals from its terminal point towards the piston direction slip.
Preferably, when described cushion collar first end face contacts with the airtight end face of described rodless cavity when forming sealing surface, sealing surface near the hydraulic oil of piston one side to the axial action area of described cushion collar greater than near the hydraulic oil of rodless cavity oil-through hole one side axial action area to described cushion collar.
Preferably, the elastic element of installing in the described rodless cavity with compression elasticity withstands on ending on the shoulder of piston rod additional sections end with described cushion collar.
Preferably, the shoulder that ends of described piston rod additional sections end adopts the card bond structure that comprises two woodruff keies.
Preferably, in the retraction movement final position of described piston rod, be provided with allow described cushion collar by but the piston that piston can be blocked in this position stops shoulder.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct main body is the throttling groove that axially is provided with on piston rod additional sections surface.
Preferably, the cross-section area of described throttling groove increases to second end near the rodless cavity oil-through hole gradually from first end near piston; Under the constant situation of its width, the increase of this cross-section area is embodied in the increase of its degree of depth.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct main body is the throttling groove that axially is provided with on piston rod additional sections surface, and the cross-section area of described throttling groove increases to second end near the rodless cavity oil-through hole gradually from first end near piston; Described card key is provided with circular groove by piston end face, and the outlet of described throttling groove is communicated with this circular groove.
Preferably, one or several annular grooves are set as compensating groove in described piston rod additional sections; Perhaps, one or more annular groove is set as compensating groove at the cushion collar aperture surface, the cross section of this circular groove can be V-type, U type or square or other section forms.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct comprises two sections, and the leading portion of close first end is the throttling groove that is axially disposed within piston rod surface, and the back segment of close second end is an axially extended dark oil duct in piston rod; The degree of depth of described throttling groove is deepened to second extreme direction gradually from first end.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct is included in axially extended dark oil duct in the piston rod, and the fuel-economizing hole of some connection piston rod surfaces and this dark oil duct, and above-mentioned fuel-economizing hole is along the piston rod surface axial distribution, and near the fuel-economizing hole of throttling oil duct second end, its aperture is big more more; Second end of described throttling oil duct is exactly dark oil duct outlet, and described fuel-economizing hole is first end of throttling oil duct.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct is the scarf that axially is provided with on piston rod surface, and this scarf is tilted to piston rod additional sections end direction by piston end surface.
Preferably, the airtight end face of described rodless cavity is arranged on the rodless cavity end cap.
The utility model provides a kind of relevant apparatus of hydraulic jack simultaneously, it specifically is piston rod, this piston rod is provided with at least one axially extended throttling oil duct in the additional sections that is positioned at rodless cavity, one termination of this throttling oil duct is bordering on the piston rodless cavity end face position behind the installation piston, is called first end; Cushion collar first end face position when its other end is positioned at cushion collar at least and is not blocked perhaps in the position of more close additional sections end, is called second end; Described additional sections end is provided with only shoulder.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct is the throttling groove that is opened in piston rod surface, throttling groove straight line setting vertically, and its cross-section area increases to second end gradually from first end.
Preferably, the outer diametric plane of described piston rod additional sections is provided with some annular grooves as the balance oil groove.
The utility model provides the relevant apparatus of another hydraulic jack simultaneously, specifically is cushion collar, and its external diameter is less than the internal diameter of cylinder of the hydraulic jack of being worked, and its internal diameter makes it can be enclosed within piston rod buffering position and goes up and axially be free to slide; When it is installed away from first end face of piston one side can and the oil cylinder cavity in, the airtight end face of rodless cavity between the retraction movement final position of rodless cavity oil-through hole and piston rodless cavity end face fits, and forms sealing surface.
The central boss that cooperates with stage clip is set on cushion collar second end face that preferably, this cushion collar is relative with the airtight end face of cushion collar.
The utility model provides a kind of relevant apparatus of hydraulic jack, specifically is the piston rod additional sections, and its front portion is provided with the externally threaded head that has that cooperates with the tapped hole of piston rod body tail end end face; End is provided with the card bond structure; Be provided with the throttling oil duct at its body, one termination of this throttling oil duct is bordering on the piston rodless cavity end face position behind the installation piston, the airtight end face of cushion collar position when its other end is positioned at cushion collar at least and is not blocked is perhaps in the position of more close piston rod additional sections end.
Preferably, described throttling oil duct is the throttling groove that is opened in piston rod additional sections surface, and this throttling groove is provided with vertically, and its cross-section area increases to second end gradually from first end.
The utility model provides a kind of hydraulic buffer system, and this buffer system is used above-mentioned any described hydraulic jack of technological scheme.
The utility model provides a kind of excavator simultaneously, and this excavator uses above-mentioned any described hydraulic jack of technological scheme at least.
The utility model provides a kind of concrete mixer simultaneously, and this concrete mixer uses above-mentioned any described hydraulic jack of technological scheme at least.
The hydraulic jack that the utility model provides, its cushion collar first end face can be when the piston rod retraction movement reaches the position that needs buffering, cooperate with the airtight end face of rodless cavity that is arranged in the rodless cavity, form the sealing surface that cuts off oil circuit, the sealing face is divided into two cavitys with rodless cavity, wherein is positioned at sealing surface and leans on the cavity of piston one side to be called the buffering oil pocket; Another cavity then is positioned at sealing surface by rodless cavity oil-through hole one side.Hydraulic oil in the described buffering oil pocket has bigger oil pressure under piston promotes, can be with firm being pressed on the airtight end face of described rodless cavity of described cushion collar first end face, and make both fit sealing effects of the sealing surface that forms more firm; This oil cylinder also is provided with the throttling oil duct, and this throttling oil duct forms at described sealing surface, till the described retraction movement of the piston arrives final position during this period of time in, can provide the oil circuit that flows to oil-through hole one side for the hydraulic oil in the buffering oil pocket.Because after the sealing surface of described partition oil circuit formed, hydraulic oil can only flow to oil-through hole by the throttling oil duct, and the oil circuit of throttling oil duct is very narrow, the hydraulic oil passing capacity is limited, makes piston motion must be subjected to great resistance, plays buffer function.
In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, above-mentioned throttling oil duct straight line vertically is arranged between piston rod additional sections and the cushion collar, its first end in rod chamber near the position of the rod chamber end face of piston, it exports at cushion collar first end face to any one position between the rod chamber top, and this position is when piston rod reaches terminal point, still in cylinder barrel; By above-mentioned setting, can after forming, sealing surface just can form the throttling oil duct, avoid the piston clamping stagnation.
In further preferred version, described throttling oil duct main body is the throttling groove that is axially disposed within piston rod surface, and the cross-section area of throttling groove strengthens to outlet gradually from first end.Like this, along with piston moves to the retraction movement final position, the relative position of described cushion collar on piston rod moves closer to throttling oil duct first end position, reduce gradually from the discharge capacity of buffering oil pocket one side direction oil-through hole one side of described sealing surface, the resistance that piston continues withdrawal strengthens gradually, piston movement speed reduces gradually, obtains good cushioning effect.Because the throttling groove that adopts axial straight line to be provided with, under the constant situation of the width of throttling groove,, reach the smooth-going purpose of buffering course as long as controlling the change in depth of throttling groove well just can well control restriction effect.
In further preferred implementation of the present utility model, be provided with under the situation of throttling groove, outside the piston rod additional sections, some circular grooves are set as the balance oil groove on diametric plane or the cushion collar aperture surface, this balance oil groove can match with described throttling groove, make hydraulic oil on the cushion collar aperture surface, obtain evenly to distribute, deflection can not occur when the airtight end face of described cushion collar first end face and rod chamber is fitted, guarantee that sealing surface is firm.
In another preferred implementation of the present utility model, require following condition to set up: when first end face of described cushion collar contact with the airtight end face of described rodless cavity when forming sealing surface, the hydraulic oil of close piston one side of sealing surface to the axial action area of described cushion collar greater than the hydraulic oil of close rodless cavity oil-through hole one side axial action area to described cushion collar.Above-mentioned requirements guarantees easily by the suitable design to two end faces of cushion collar.If above-mentioned condition is false, in the instant that described sealing surface forms, the oil pressure of sealing surface both sides is basic identical, cushion collar first end face with certain speed against the airtight end face of rodless cavity, may can't compacting in this moment, influence the smoothness of the buffering of this time point.After guaranteeing that above-mentioned condition is set up, then the oil pressure of close piston one side of sealing surface multiply by the cushion collar axial action area acquisition total pressure V1 of this end, and sealing surface multiply by the area acquisition total pressure V2 of cushion collar at this end near the oil pressure of rodless cavity oil outlet one side; Because the oil pressure of sealing surface both sides is identical in the instant that forms sealing surface, so the total pressure of the bigger side of area is bigger, i.e. V1＞V2, like this, cushion collar just is compacted on the airtight end face of described rodless cavity, has guaranteed the smooth-going of buffering course.
Other preferred implementations of the present utility model also provide other forms of throttling oil duct, and these throttling oil ducts can obtain good earial drainage effect.
The utility model also provides the parts such as piston rod, rod chamber end cap and big cushion collar that are used for above-mentioned hydraulic jack, and these parts are realizes that above-mentioned damping mechanism has carried out special design.
The utility model also provides the buffer system of using above-mentioned hydraulic jack simultaneously, uses the hydraulic buffer system of this hydraulic jack can obtain good stable cushioning effect.
The utility model also provides excavator and the concrete mixer that uses above-mentioned hydraulic jack simultaneously, and by using above-mentioned hydraulic jack, excavator and concrete mixer can obtain longer accident-free duration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts cushion collar to insert the hydraulic jack of the damping mechanism of well format in the buffering in the background technique;
Fig. 2 is the mechanical construction drawing of the hydraulic jack that provides of the utility model first embodiment, and piston is not withdrawn into the rodless cavity buffer position as yet among the figure;
Fig. 3 is the parts drawing of the utility model first embodiment's piston rod;
Fig. 4 is that this figure is that the A-A of piston rod 3 is to view;
Fig. 5 is the state of the utility model first embodiment's hydraulic jack when being in the position that sealing surface begins to form;
Fig. 6 is the state of the utility model first embodiment's hydraulic jack when being in piston motion to the final position;
Fig. 7 is the piston rod parts drawing that the throttling oil duct adopts the scarf form;
Fig. 8 is the card bond composition of piston additional sections end.
Embodiment
The utility model is first embodiment provide a kind of hydraulic jack, and this hydraulic jack is provided with damping device in its rodless cavity one side.
Please referring to Fig. 2, this figure is the mechanical construction drawing of the hydraulic jack that provides of the utility model first embodiment.Among this figure, piston is not withdrawn into the rodless cavity buffer position as yet.
As shown in Figure 2, this hydraulic jack comprises rodless cavity end cap 1, cylinder barrel 2, piston rod 3, cushion collar 4, spring 5, piston 6 etc.
Described cylinder barrel 2 provides the space of airtight hydraulic oil for this hydraulic jack, and the inner chamber of this cylinder barrel 2 can be divided into rod chamber 2-1 and rodless cavity 2-2 along the piston 6 that inner bore cavity moves radially, and the cavity at described piston rod 3 main body places is rod chamber 2-1.The outer diametric plane of described piston 6 cooperates with the aperture surface of cylinder barrel 2, and is provided with multiple-sealed circle on the diametric plane outside this, and the hydraulic oil of above-mentioned rod chamber 2-1 and rodless cavity 2-2 is completely cut off each other fully.In order to settle the damping device of rodless cavity, described piston rod 3 also is provided with the piston rod additional sections 3a that is positioned at rodless cavity one side, this piston rod additional sections 3a and piston rod 3 connect as one, specifically can cooperate with the tapped hole of piston rod 3 main body tail end end faces, itself and piston rod 3 main bodys are connected as one by the outside thread of its head.Certainly, this piston rod additional sections 3a can be made into integration with the main body of piston rod 3 fully.
Described rodless cavity end cap 1 seals up described cylinder barrel 2 in the termination of the rodless cavity 2-2 of cylinder barrel 2 side, and on this rodless cavity end cap 1, provide rodless cavity oil-through hole 1-1, this rodless cavity oil-through hole 1-1 connects oil pipe, and the passage of turnover rodless cavity 2-2 is provided for the hydraulic oil of whole cylinder barrel 2 inner chambers.The passage of hydraulic oil turnover rod chamber 2-1 is then provided by the rod chamber oil-through hole 1-1 on the end cap that is arranged on cylinder barrel 2.Present embodiment is only introduced the damping device of rodless cavity one side, does not relate to the situation of rod chamber 2-1 one side.
The damping mechanism of this hydraulic jack comprises cushion collar 4, spring 5, and the structure that is provided with for the formation damping mechanism on piston 6, piston rod 3 and rodless cavity end cap 1.
Described cushion collar 4 is enclosed within piston rod 3 and is positioned on the piston rod additional sections 3a of rodless cavity 2-2.Described piston rod additional sections 3a is one section that increases in piston rod 3 body tip in order to settle buffer structure, and this section is arranged in the rodless cavity of piston.At the end of this piston rod additional sections 3a, be provided with only shoulder 3-2, make the described cushion collar 4 can be from piston rod additional sections 3a slippage.。The internal diameter of cushion collar 4 can endwisely slip it on piston rod 3, gap between the two is less again simultaneously; The external diameter of cushion collar 4 then is significantly less than the internal diameter of described cylinder barrel 2.Cushion collar 4 is that the end face of rodless cavity end cap 1 one sides is a plane with outer rim chamfering towards the oil cylinder bottom, and this plane is called the cushion collar first end face 4-1.The other end of cushion collar 4 is called the cushion collar second end face 4-2, then is provided with the boss 4-3 that is used for fixing spring 5.
The stage clip of described spring 5 for having compressive tension, this spring 5 is enclosed within on the described piston rod additional sections 3a, and its bottom heads on piston 6 on the end face of rodless cavity 2-2 one side, and piston 6 these end faces are provided with the spring boss, to fix this spring.The end of spring 5 then withstands the boss 4-3 of described cushion collar 4.This spring 5 is dependence with the end face of described piston 6, withstands described cushion collar 4 with its elastic force, makes cushion collar 4 when piston rod 3 is not withdrawn into buffer position, and its cushion collar first end face 4-1 withstands the only shoulder 3-2 of described piston rod additional sections 3a.The elastic force of this spring 6 can withstand when being enough to make described cushion collar 4 not to be blocked only that shoulder 3-2 gets final product, and promptly these spring 6 roles are reset response.
Described rodless cavity end cap 1 is disposed with rodless cavity oil-through hole 1-1, the airtight end face 1-2 of rodless cavity from caping to the lid mouth.The airtight end face 1-2 of described rodless cavity is the step surface that is complete annular that is provided with in rodless cavity end cap 1 inner chamber, and its step surface is towards the direction of piston 6.This airtight end face 1-2 can be when piston rod 3 return back to the position that needs buffering, matches with the described cushion collar first end face 4-1 to form airtight of the hydraulic oil that cuts off among the rodless cavity 2-2.The lid notch portion of rodless cavity end cap 1 is close to the inner wall of cylinder face, the diameter of described cushion collar 4 can pass through this section when making its rollback less than the internal diameter of this lid notch portion, piston 6 then can block by tegmentum mouth end face, therefore, the lid mouth of rodless cavity end cap 1 has also formed and can stop shoulder 1-3 to the piston that the exercise end of piston 6 is located.
The structure relevant with damping mechanism that is provided with on the described piston rod additional sections 3 is many, except that ending shoulder 3-2, also is provided with throttling groove, balance oil groove etc., below is elaborated.Please be simultaneously referring to Fig. 3, this figure is the parts drawing of piston rod 3; Please be simultaneously referring to Fig. 4, this figure is that the A-A of piston rod additional sections 3a is to view.
Piston rod 3 is provided with at least one throttling oil duct, and its main body is to be positioned at the axially extended throttling groove 3-1 in piston rod 3 outer diametric plane upper edges.This throttling groove 3-1 is arranged on the piston rod, its starting point (perhaps being called first end) is in the position near the rodless cavity end face of piston, and the described shoulder 3-2 of ending that its terminal point (perhaps being called second end) arrives piston rod additional sections 3a end goes up the sidewall of the card key groove that the card key is installed.Described first end is in the position near the rodless cavity end face of piston, relatively its terminal point; In fact, first end of this throttling groove 3-1 need cooperate with the retraction movement final position of piston rod 3, makes piston rod 3 be withdrawn into the final position and has suitable hydraulic cushion ability before.In the present embodiment, piston rod 3 return back to before the final position, and this first end is covered fully by described cushion collar 4.
The tail end of described piston rod is provided with the only shoulder 3-2 that is used for the cushion collar location, and the described shoulder that ends comprises card key 3-2-1, card keycap 3-2-2 and back-up ring 3-2-3; Described card key 3-2-1 is two semi-annular shape structures, and its cross section is the L type, one side the described piston rod additional sections 3a tail end that is installed on of its L type block accordingly in the key groove, Yi Bian in addition then towards piston direction.Be provided with annular groove 3-2-4 towards one side of piston, the position of this annular groove 3-2-4 can be connected it mutually with described throttling groove 3-1 second end.Described card keycap 3-2-2 is an annular, is enclosed within the card key groove location that card key 3-2-1 has been installed, and plays the effect of fixing described card key 3-2-1; Described back-up ring 3-2-3 then is embedded in the circlip groove of least significant end, is used for the location to described card keycap 3-2-2.Should end shoulder structure and can be used as general bayonet arrangement, be used for other occasion.Because second end of corresponding described throttling groove 3-1, described card key 3-2-1 is provided with annular groove 3-2-4, as can be seen from Figure 4, and the outlet that described throttling groove 3-1 is just in time aimed in the position of this annular groove 3-2-4.Because card key 3-2-1 is divided into two up and down, the hydraulic oil that flows into annular groove 3-2-4 from throttling groove 3-1 can be managed out in the gap between two-part up and down by card key 3-2-1, therefore, the hydraulic oil that this annular groove 3-2-4 flows out for described throttling groove 3-1 outlet provides the outlet passage of outflow, especially the instant of just having fitted at the described cushion collar first end face 4-1 and the airtight end face 1-2 of described rodless cavity provides the hydraulic pressure oil outlet, avoid the situation that the resistance hydraulic damping increases suddenly occurring, guarantee to operate steadily.
Evenly be furnished with some annular grooves on the side face of described piston rod additional sections 3, these annular grooves are called balance oil groove 3-3.The cross section of these balance oil grooves 3-3 can be U type, V-type or square base, and other forms, optionally determines, its degree of depth also can optionally be determined through overtesting.The effect of these balance oil grooves 3-3 is when throttling groove 3-1 earial drainage, can realize circumferential oil pressure balance, avoids cushion collar 4 to occur tilting under unbalanced oil pressure effect, and the sealing surface when causing cushioning is airtight not tight.
Below introduce the working procedure of damping mechanism of the hydraulic jack of present embodiment.Situation when earlier figures 2 is piston 6 no show buffer position still; Please be simultaneously referring to Fig. 5, the situation when this illustrates buffering course and begins; Please be simultaneously referring to Fig. 6, the situation when this illustrates the buffering course end.
In position shown in Figure 2, piston rod 3 has just begun retraction movement, does not reach the position that needs buffering as yet.At this moment, described cushion collar 4 is under the resilient force of spring 5, and its cushion collar first end face 4-1 withstands the only shoulder 3-2 on the piston rod additional sections 3a end.Before piston 6 does not move to buffer position as yet, and after piston rod 3 retraction movement made the cushion collar first end face 4-1 and the airtight end face 1-2 of described rodless cavity separates, cushion collar 4 all can be withstood on the only position of shoulder 3-2, therefore, and 5 reset responses of described spring.Along with the withdrawal of piston rod 3 is moved, the hydraulic oil among the rodless cavity 2-1 is subjected to the promotion of piston, flows to rodless cavity oil-through hole 1-1 direction, and flows out from described oil-through hole rodless cavity oil-through hole 1-1.Cushion collar 4 moves with piston 6 and piston rod 3, after moving a segment distance, cushion collar 4 promptly passes through the lid oral area of described rodless cavity end cap 1, because the external diameter of described cushion collar 4 is less than the lid oral area, this cushion collar 4 can continue along with piston rod 3 moves, and can not be blocked.
Cushion collar 4 is by behind the described lid oral area, and very fast its first end face 4-1 will fit with the airtight end face 1-2 of the rodless cavity on the rodless cavity end cap 1.Promptly move to position shown in Figure 5, the airtight end face 1-2 of rodless cavity on described cushion collar first end face 4-1 and the described rodless cavity end cap 1 against, two end faces are fitted mutually and are formed complete sealing surface, the hydraulic oil that is promoted by piston 6 among the rodless cavity 2-1 flowed to rodless cavity originally and crosses the path of hydraulic fluid port and be blocked, and cushion collar 4 stops to follow piston rod 3 and travels forward owing to being blocked by described airtight end face 1-2.
In the instant that described sealing surface forms, the oil pressure of sealing surface both sides is basic identical, the cushion collar first end face 4-1 with certain speed against the airtight end face 1-2 of rodless cavity, may can't compacting in this moment, influence the smoothness of the buffering of this time point.For this reason, in design, guaranteed the establishment of following condition: when the airtight end face 1-2 of the first end face 4-1 and described rod chamber of described cushion collar contacts when forming sealing surface, sealing surface near the hydraulic oil of piston one side to the axial action area of described cushion collar greater than near the hydraulic oil of rodless cavity oil-through hole one side axial action area to described cushion collar.In this embodiment, the area of two end faces of cushion collar 4 is consistent, but after sealing surface forms, because the first end face 4-1 is partly covered, above-mentioned condition is set up.After above-mentioned condition was set up, then the oil pressure of close piston one side of sealing surface multiply by the cushion collar axial action area acquisition total pressure V1 of this end, and sealing surface multiply by the area acquisition total pressure V2 of cushion collar at this end near the oil pressure of rod chamber oil outlet one side; Because the oil pressure of sealing surface both sides is identical in the instant that forms sealing surface, so the total pressure of the side that area is bigger is bigger, i.e. V1＞V2, like this, cushion collar just is compacted on the airtight end face 1-2 of described rodless cavity, has guaranteed that sealing surface sets up the smooth-going of process.
After sealing surface was set up, cushion collar 4 and described rodless cavity end cap 1 were equivalent to form an one-way valve, and oil circuit is blocked.At this moment, the hydraulic oil of rodless cavity is divided into two cavitys by described sealing surface, wherein cushion oil pocket T by being called of piston 3 one sides, hydraulic oil among this buffering oil pocket T is subjected to the promotion of piston 6, and its major avenues of approach that flows to the rodless cavity oil-through hole is restricted owing to the formation of described sealing surface, the pressure of this buffering oil pocket is further improved, and this oil pressure that increases is enough to described cushion collar 4 is pressed on the airtight end face 1-2 of described rodless cavity, makes sealing surface more reliable.
Hydraulic oil can only flow to above-mentioned airtight rodless cavity oil-through hole 1-1 one side by throttling groove 3-1 this moment.Form the initial stage at sealing surface, because the degree of depth of described throttling groove 3-1 is darker relatively in outlet one side, promptly the flow passing capacity of throttling groove 3-1 is higher, makes the hydraulic oil that flows out by throttling groove 3-1 more relatively.Along with the continuation campaign of piston rod 3, described sealing surface moves backward with respect to piston rod additional sections 3, and the degree of depth that connects the throttling groove 3-1 of described sealing surface both sides shoals gradually, causes the flow passing capacity of throttling groove 3-1 to reduce gradually.In said process, hydraulic oil is full of on the shaft part at described cushion collar place through described balance oil groove 3-3 through throttling groove 3-1 the time, makes oil pressure that cushion collar is subjected in each circumferential position balance, guaranteed that cushion collar 4 can deflection, guaranteed the obturation effect of described sealing surface.
After reaching position shown in Figure 6, the piston that piston 6 is formed by the rodless cavity end cap of rodless cavity end cap 1 lid mouthful end face stops that shoulder 1-3 blocks and can't move on, and piston rod 3 reaches the final position of its withdrawal; First end of described throttling groove 3-1 has entered in the cushion collar 4 at this moment, and the throttling oil duct is by base closed, and buffering course finishes.It should be noted that when piston rod 3 is retracted to stroke terminal that in order to make the rodless cavity quick oil feeding, cushion collar 4 no show final positions still can be towards the piston 6 directions determining deviation L that slides.When piston rod 3 stretches out, oil-through hole 1-1 oil-feed, promoting cushion collar 4 under the effect of pressure oil slides to piston 6 directions, compression reseting spring 5, the first end face 4-1 of cushion collar 4 separates with the airtight end face 1-2 of rodless cavity end cap 1, oil-through hole 1-1 directly communicates with rodless cavity, and hydraulic oil enters in the rodless cavity, promotes piston 6 motions.Piston rod 3 is in the process of stretching out, and cushion collar 4 interacts with rodless cavity end cap 1 and played the effect of one-way valve.The spacing L of cushion collar 4 between its terminal point that slides towards piston 6 directions.L is big more, and the airtight end face 1-2 separating distance of first end face 4-1 of cushion collar 4 and rod chamber end cap 1 is just big more, and the flow that hydraulic oil enters in the rodless cavity is just many more.L is more little, and the airtight end face 1-2 separating distance of first end face 4-1 of cushion collar 4 and rod chamber end cap 1 is just more little, and the flow that hydraulic oil enters in the rodless cavity is just more little.
In fact, owing to have the gap between cushion collar 4 and the piston rod 3, therefore, very a spot of hydraulic oil also can enter throttling groove 3-1 and realize earial drainage by gap between the two, like this, after throttling groove 3-1 first end was cushioned cover 4 fully and covers, also can there be too much hydraulic oil in piston 6 in the buffering oil pocket and by clamping stagnation because of existing; Certainly, first end of described throttling groove 3-1 also can also expose outside cushion collar 4 when piston rod 3 arrives its withdrawal final position fully.The concrete design of first end position of throttling groove 3-1 wherein and and the position relation of cushion collar 4 can be according to the needs design of buffering damping.
In above-mentioned buffering course, the damping function of hydraulic oil forms from sealing surface and begins to strengthen; Especially the change in depth by described throttling groove 3-1, throttling capacity is increased gradually, hydraulic damping increases gradually, the speed that piston 6 is reached before the final position reduces gradually, last segment distance is last, even may only utilize the gap between cushion collar 4 and the piston rod additional sections 3a to form the throttling oil circuit, makes in the whole buffering course, hydraulic damping strengthens gradually, has avoided the impact to rodless cavity end cap 1 and cylinder barrel 2.
In the above-mentioned damping mechanism,, control the change curve of its throttling capacity, guarantee that piston 6 can obtain buffering course very stably guaranteeing to pass through control under the constant situation of width to the change in depth of throttling groove 3-1.
In fact, the balance oil groove also can not be arranged on the piston rod 3, and is arranged on the aperture surface of cushion collar 4, its effect be arranged on piston rod 3 on identical.In addition, described balance oil groove 3-3 can not be the annular groove form in fact also, for example can adopt thread groove, is good with the annular groove that uses in the present embodiment still, because its processing is more convenient, and has better counterbalance effect.
In the above-described embodiments, the passage that sealing surface forms connection sealing surface both sides, back cavity is referred to as the throttling oil duct, and in the above-described embodiments, the main body of throttling oil duct is described throttling groove, and still, in difference constantly, the composition of throttling oil duct is also inequality.In the instant that sealing surface has just formed, the annular groove 3-2-4 of corresponding described throttling groove setting has born the effect of the outlet of throttling passage on card key 3-2-1, plays an important role for the smooth-going of buffering course.When cushion collar 4 slides into buffering position terminal point, if being cushioned cover, throttling groove covers fully, then the gap between cushion collar 4 and the piston rod 3 also constitutes the part of throttling oil duct.
In the foregoing description, the outlet of throttling oil duct is arranged on the card key recess sidewall, and in fact, the throttling oil duct can be set to more terminal position, for example on the distal end faces of piston rod additional sections.
In the above-described embodiments, the face seal face that contacts for face that airtight end face of described rodless cavity and described cushion collar first end face are fitted and formed, in fact, also can carry out correspondence design to gentle cover first end face that dashes of the airtight end face of rodless cavity, both are fitted the back forms airtight be any one form in face seal form such as plane sealing or conical surface seal or curved surface sealing or the linear sealing.
Although in the foregoing description, throttling oil duct main body has adopted the form of the throttling groove that is arranged on piston rod additional sections 3a surface, and in fact, the throttling oil duct can be selected other structural type.
For example, the throttling oil duct can comprise two sections, and the leading portion of close first end is the throttling groove that is axially disposed within piston rod additional sections surface, is axially extended dark oil duct in the piston rod additional sections near the back segment that exports, and so also can play throttling action.Described throttling groove also can be set to from first end to outlet the form of intensification gradually for one section, to play cushioning effect stably.
Another mode is, described throttling oil duct is included in buffering axle sleeve axis to the dark oil duct that extends, and the fuel-economizing hole of some connection piston rod additional sections surface and this dark oil duct, and above-mentioned fuel-economizing hole is along the piston rod surface axial distribution, and near the fuel-economizing hole of terminal position, its aperture is big more more; Like this, along with the slip of cushion collar on piston rod, the approaching more withdrawal of piston rod 3 final position, its discharge capacity is more little, and the hydraulic damping effect is big more, and velocity of piston is reduced gradually, obtains buffering course comparatively stably.
Described throttling oil duct can also be the scarf 3-5 that axially is provided with on piston rod additional sections 3a surface shown in Figure 7.This scarf 3-5 tilts to ending shoulder 3-2 from close piston region, and scarf can be provided with one or more.Like this, hydraulic oil can flow out by this scarf 3-5 after the airtight end face 1-2 on described cushion collar first end face 4-1 and the rodless cavity end cap 1 forms airtight, forms the throttling oil duct.Adopt this scarf 3-5 as the throttling oil duct, can make the position of piston rod 3 at approaching more withdrawal terminal point equally, discharge capacity is more little, and the hydraulic damping effect is big more, and piston 6 speed are reduced gradually, obtains buffering course comparatively stably.
The hydraulic jack that the utility model is provided is used for the existing oil cylinder of hydraulic buffer system replacement, can obtain the embodiment of hydraulic buffer system of the present utility model.
The hydraulic jack that the utility model is provided is used for excavator, can obtain the embodiment of excavator of the present utility model.
The hydraulic jack that the utility model is provided is used for concrete mixer, can obtain the embodiment of concrete mixer of the present utility model.The hydraulic jack that the utility model can also be provided is used for the engineering machinery of other type.
Though the utility model with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not to be used for limiting the utility model; any those skilled in the art are not in breaking away from spirit and scope of the present utility model; can make possible change and modification, therefore protection domain of the present utility model should be as the criterion with the scope that the utility model claim is defined.
Claims (19)
1. a hydraulic jack is characterized in that,
Be positioned at the piston rod additional sections of rodless cavity, being with can be along described piston rod additional sections cushion collar in axial sliding; The end face of this cushion collar at the bottom of the cylinder barrel tube is called cushion collar first end face;
In the oil cylinder cavity between the final position of the piston rodless cavity end face of rodless cavity oil-through hole and piston rod retraction movement, be provided with and stop cushion collar and can fit and form the airtight end face of rodless cavity of sealing surface with described cushion collar first end face;
Also be provided with at least one throttling oil duct, in piston rod retraction movement process, form from cushion collar first end face and the airtight end face applying of described rodless cavity, described sealing surface, when piston rod return back to described retraction movement final position, can flow to the rodless cavity oil-through hole by this throttling oil duct by the hydraulic oil of piston one side at described sealing surface.
2. hydraulic jack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described throttling oil duct straight line vertically is arranged between piston rod and the cushion collar.
3. hydraulic jack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described throttling oil duct is called first end near an end of piston, and an end of close rodless cavity oil-through hole is called second end, and the cross-section area of throttling oil duct increases to second end gradually from described first end.
4. hydraulic jack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when described piston rod was retracted to the final position, described cushion collar was at regular intervals from its terminal point towards the piston direction slip.
5. hydraulic jack according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described cushion collar first end face contacts with the airtight end face of described rodless cavity when forming sealing surface, sealing surface near the hydraulic oil of piston one side to the axial action area of described cushion collar greater than near the hydraulic oil of rodless cavity oil-through hole one side axial action area to described cushion collar.
6. hydraulic jack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the elastic element of installing in the described rodless cavity with compression elasticity withstands on ending on the shoulder of piston rod additional sections end with described cushion collar.
7. hydraulic jack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the shoulder that ends of described piston rod additional sections end adopts the card bond structure that comprises two woodruff keies.
8. hydraulic jack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the retraction movement final position of described piston rod, be provided with allow described cushion collar by but the piston that piston can be blocked in this position stops shoulder.
9. according to any described hydraulic jack of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that described throttling oil duct main body is the throttling groove that axially is provided with on piston rod additional sections surface.
10. hydraulic jack according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the cross-section area of described throttling groove increases to second end near the rodless cavity oil-through hole gradually from first end near piston; Under the constant situation of its width, the increase of this cross-section area is embodied in the increase of its degree of depth.
11. according to any described hydraulic jack of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described throttling oil duct main body is the throttling groove that axially is provided with on piston rod additional sections surface, and the cross-section area of described throttling groove increases to second end near the rodless cavity oil-through hole gradually from first end near piston; Described card key is provided with circular groove by piston end face, and the outlet of described throttling groove is communicated with this circular groove.
12. according to any described hydraulic jack of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, one or several annular grooves be set as compensating groove in described piston rod additional sections; Perhaps, one or more annular groove is set as compensating groove at the cushion collar aperture surface, the cross section of this circular groove can be V-type, U type or square.
13. according to any described hydraulic jack of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described throttling oil duct comprises two sections, and the leading portion of close first end is the throttling groove that is axially disposed within piston rod surface, and the back segment of close second end is an axially extended dark oil duct in piston rod; The degree of depth of described throttling groove is deepened to second extreme direction gradually from first end.
14. according to any described hydraulic jack of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described throttling oil duct is included in axially extended dark oil duct in the piston rod, and the fuel-economizing hole of some connection piston rod surfaces and this dark oil duct, above-mentioned fuel-economizing hole is along the piston rod surface axial distribution, and near the fuel-economizing hole of throttling oil duct second end, its aperture is big more more; Second end of described throttling oil duct is exactly dark oil duct outlet, and described fuel-economizing hole is first end of throttling oil duct.
15., it is characterized in that described throttling oil duct is the scarf that axially is provided with on piston rod surface according to any described hydraulic jack of claim 1 to 8, this scarf is tilted to piston rod additional sections end direction by piston end surface.
16. hydraulic jack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the airtight end face of described rodless cavity is arranged on the rodless cavity end cap.
17. a hydraulic buffer system is characterized in that, comprises any described hydraulic jack of claim 1-claim 16.
18. an excavator is characterized in that, uses an any described hydraulic jack of claim 1-claim 16 at least.
19. a concrete mixer is characterized in that, uses an any described hydraulic jack of claim 1-claim 16 at least.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202692451U CN201836140U (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Hydraulic cylider, hydraulic buffer system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202692451U CN201836140U (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Hydraulic cylider, hydraulic buffer system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201836140U true CN201836140U (en) | 2011-05-18 |
Family
ID=44006244
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202692451U Expired - Lifetime CN201836140U (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Hydraulic cylider, hydraulic buffer system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201836140U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102108989A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2011-06-29 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Hydrocylinder and related devices thereof, hydraulic buffer system, excavating machine and concrete pump truck |
| WO2012010033A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司 | Hydraulic oil cylinder, hydraulic cushion system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
| WO2012010032A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司 | Hydraulic oil cylinder, correlative device thereof, hydraulic cushion system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
| CN111911479A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-10 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Buffering hydraulic cylinder |
-
2010
- 2010-07-23 CN CN2010202692451U patent/CN201836140U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102108989A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2011-06-29 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Hydrocylinder and related devices thereof, hydraulic buffer system, excavating machine and concrete pump truck |
| CN102108989B (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2011-12-28 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Hydrocylinder and related devices thereof, hydraulic buffer system, excavating machine and concrete pump truck |
| WO2012010033A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司 | Hydraulic oil cylinder, hydraulic cushion system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
| WO2012010032A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司 | Hydraulic oil cylinder, correlative device thereof, hydraulic cushion system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
| US9863407B2 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2018-01-09 | Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co., Ltd. | Hydraulic oil cylinder, hydraulic cushion system, excavator and concrete pump truck |
| CN111911479A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-10 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Buffering hydraulic cylinder |
| CN111911479B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-04-07 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Buffering hydraulic cylinder |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20110518 Effective date of abandoning: 20111228 |