CN201765512U - Device for tracing sun through automatic-manual combination - Google Patents
Device for tracing sun through automatic-manual combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN201765512U CN201765512U CN2010202955300U CN201020295530U CN201765512U CN 201765512 U CN201765512 U CN 201765512U CN 2010202955300 U CN2010202955300 U CN 2010202955300U CN 201020295530 U CN201020295530 U CN 201020295530U CN 201765512 U CN201765512 U CN 201765512U
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- sun
- rotating shaft
- circuit
- chip microcomputer
- stepper motor
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for tracing the sun through automatic-manual combination, comprising a mechanical tracing assembly, a stepping motor, a controller used for controlling the stepping motor to rotate and a power supply, wherein the mechanical tracing assembly comprises a rotary shaft support shaft, a manual connecting rod and a frame supported and installed on the rotary shaft support shaft and used for supporting synchronous rotation of the rotary shaft support shaft, the manual connecting rod can be arranged on the rotary shaft support shaft in a sliding way along the length direction thereof, and the frame is provided with an elevation regulation shaft which is in linkage matching with the head end of the manual connecting rod at the position relative to the support point of the rotary shaft support shaft. The utility model has the advantages of setting pulses and frequencies of a single chip microcomputer according to the direction and the geographic position of the sun rising in the morning and falling in the evening to drive the stepping motor and regulating the manual connecting rod to align a flat-plate sunlight/heat collection converter with the sun. Proved by calculation and an experiment, the device has the advantages of low cost, relatively simple technology, higher reliability and enhanced efficiency by above 30 percent compared with a fixed flat-plate sunlight/heat collection converter.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to sun light tracking and utilizes technology, is meant a kind of device that can be applicable to the sun of combined tracking aligning automatically-manually of solar energy utilization system such as photovoltaic module, solar water heater, solar cooker, sunlight collection device, sun observation equipment especially.
Background technology
Now, because mineral fuel are progressively exhausted and a large amount of CO2 emission, the utilization of clean reproducible energy comes into one's own day by day.Studies show that, flat sunshine/heat is collected converting system (Flat Plate Solar Light and Thermal Collection-Conversion System, FPSLTCCS) be considered to up-and-coming green regenerative energy sources system, can be widely used in people's life, production.In fact, collect the luminous energy of exporting the converting system (FPSLTCCS) from flat sunshine/heat and depend on the solar radiation that receives.Along with the circumsolar operation of the earth, FPSLTCCS must adjust its attitude and guarantee its total energy aligning sun, could export light/energy as much as possible.Known, the sun is 15 ° in east-west to the hour angle of running, this means that the sun changes obviously in the orientation that this side up.In order to make FPSLTCCS obtain sunshine/energy as much as possible, the Continuous Tracking on this direction is necessary.Yet, sun every day with less than 16 ' angle between south-tropic of Cancer, move, this orientation that shows that the sun makes progress in south-north every day changes not obvious, the FPSLTCCS Continuous Tracking that makes progress in the south-north is not obvious to the utilization ratio of raising sun power.Based on the difference that above-mentioned solar tracking makes progress in Dong-Xi and south-north, existing solar azimuth double-axis tracking apparatus structure is very complicated, and technical difficulty is big, the equipment manufacturing cost height, but it is not obvious to follow the tracks of the benefit that the sun improves, and reliability is not high.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is in order to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, and a kind of cost is low, reliability is high, sunshine/efficiency of utilization improves significantly a kind of device of the combined tracking sun automatically-manually and provide.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is controller and the power supply that comprises mechanically tracking assembly, stepper motor, the rotation of control step motor.The framework that described mechanically tracking assembly includes vertical supporting rotating shaft, manual link and is installed on the supporting rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with supporting rotating shaft, described manual link is arranged on the supporting rotating shaft along its length direction slippingly, described framework is provided with the elevation angle adjustment axle that is linked with the manual link head end with respect to the summit of supporting rotating shaft, by this setting, this turning axle is supporting and is being used to install the framework that flat sunshine/heat is collected converting system workpiece such as (FPSLTCCS).Stepping motor is driven by controller, and the rotation of the vertical support turning axle by the rotating band of stepper motor changes the position angle of the relative sun of workpiece on the framework.Manual link is used for the angle of pitch of the relative sun of workpiece on the manual adjustments framework.In the utility model, adopted the orientation---elevation angle follow-up mechanism, because the design of FPSLTCCS support frame ratio is easier to, and on the plane of vertical support axle, can bear the weight of support frame.Single shaft east-west to tracking be to drive FPSLTCCS by Single-chip Controlling stepper motor operation to aim at the sun; South-the north to tracking can realize with the angle of pitch of the relative sun of manual adjustment FPSLTCCS in one long period that then rather than continuously the sun is followed the tracks of in operation.
Further being provided with is that described controller includes single-chip microcomputer and the control signal circuit of control linkage on single-chip microcomputer, the control signal output ends of this circuit is connected with the strong and weak electricity isolating amplifier circuit, and this strong/light current isolating amplifier circuit is connected with the stepper motor coupling through power amplification circuit.
Further being provided with is that described controller also includes the interface circuit that is connected on the single-chip microcomputer, is connected with input keyboard on this interface circuit and shows charactron.
Further being provided with is automatic switching circuit and the current foldback circuit that is connected with stepper motor with single-chip microcomputer.
Further being provided with is that described manual link is provided with scale.
Further being provided with is that described stepper motor is linked by wheel box and vertical support turning axle.
Advantage of the present utility model is: the orientation that can fall evening according to sun getting up early, pulse and the frequency that the geographic position is provided with single-chip microcomputer, and regulate manual link and drive FPSLTCCS and aim at the sun.By calculating and experiment shows that this installation cost is low, improve more than 30% than the efficient of fixing FPSLTCCS.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiments the utility model is described further.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the utility model structural representation;
Synoptic diagram is adjusted at the elevation angle of Fig. 2 the utility model framework;
Fig. 3 the utility model Circuits System theory diagram;
Fig. 4 the utility model input keyboard and demonstration charactron circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 the utility model single-chip microcomputer, Photoelectric Signal Processing, weak forceful electric power isolation/amplification, motor-drive circuit schematic diagram;
Embodiment
In the utility model, adopted the position angle---angle of pitch follow-up mechanism, because the design of FPSLTCCS support frame ratio is easier to, and on the plane of vertical support axle, can bear the weight of support frame.Be further described below in conjunction with 15 pairs of specific embodiments of the present invention of accompanying drawing.
As Fig. 1---the utility model shown in 5 comprises controller and power supply that mechanically tracking assembly 1, stepper motor 2, control step motor rotate.Described mechanically tracking assembly 1 include supporting rotating shaft 11, manual link 12 and support be installed on the supporting rotating shaft 11 and with this 11 framework 13 that rotates synchronously, described manual link 12 is arranged on the supporting rotating shaft 11 slippingly along its length direction, described framework 13 is provided with the elevation angle that is linked with manual link 12 upper ends at the vertex position with respect to supporting rotating shaft 11 and adjusts axle 131, this framework 13 can be the same at the overcoat of elevation angle adjustment axle 131 by welding or screw retention, as shown in Figure 1.The described manual link 12 of present embodiment is provided with scale, and supporting rotating shaft 11 of the present utility model is supporting the framework 13 that is used to install workpiece such as FPSLTCCS.Described stepper motor 2 is linked by wheel box and supporting rotating shaft 11.Stepping motor 2 is driven by controller, and the rotation of vertical support turning axle 11 by the rotating band of stepper motor 2 changes the angle of pitch of the relative sun of workpiece on the framework 13.Manual link 12 is used for the angle of pitch (θ) of the relative sun of workpiece on the manual adjustments framework, as shown in Figure 2.The mid point 131 of elevation angle adjustment axle is connected by helical member with the top of supporting rotating shaft, can be around this summit rotation, but can not slippage; The end that axle 131 is adjusted at the elevation angle cooperates interlock by helical member with manual link 12 upper ends, and this manual link 12 tilts to pass the aperture of supporting rotating shaft 11, can be by being bolted on the back shaft.By manual slippage manual link 12, just can adjust θ.Various places can be according to the place particular geographic location, the size of solar azimuth, elevation angle adjustment axle and the connecting rod of Various Seasonal calculates corresponding θ value in 1 year, and is marked on the manual link 12, is called the scale connecting rod.In the certain hour of Various Seasonal, manually change the relative position of scale connecting rod and supporting rotating shaft, just be equivalent to adjust the angle of pitch (θ).This just can be in one long period by manual adjustment FPSLTCCS in the south-north to the angle of pitch aim at the sun, rather than follow the trail of continuously.East-west is to drive FPSLTCCS by the operation of Single-chip Controlling stepper motor to aim at the sun to azimuthal uniaxiality tracking.
In addition, the described controller system of present embodiment (as shown in Figure 3) includes single-chip microcomputer and the control signal circuit of control linkage on single-chip microcomputer, the control signal output ends of this control signal circuit is connected with by force/the light current isolating amplifier circuit, and this strong/light current isolating amplifier circuit is connected with the stepper motor coupling through power amplification circuit.The described single-chip microcomputer of present embodiment can adopt the single-chip microcomputer as models such as AT89C2051, AT89C5 as required.
In the FPSLTCCS operational process, require the vertical all the time sunray of its daylighting face, the incident angle deviation is no more than 5 °, therefore need carry out real-time follow-up to the sun.The utility model adopts orientation---elevation angle follow-up mechanism, FPSLTCCS is fixed on the frame plane, horizontally rotate and be equivalent to change the azimuth axis of collecting converter, by a step motor drive, wind back shaft rotation perpendicular to local level, in order to follow the tracks of the position angle of the sun, its control flow is: single-chip microcomputer pulse → stepper motor → speed reduction unit → back shaft rotation.For example, the ratio of gear of supposing speed reduction unit is 1: 120, and the boom shaft rotation was 1 ° when stepper motor rotated 120 °, and sunshine/heat is collected 1 ° of the corresponding rotation of converter.Step angle with 0.36 ° of stepper motor calculates, and when the FPSLTCCS plate frame rotated 1 °, the single-chip microcomputer of control step motor sent 120/0.36 pulse.The umber of pulse that single-chip microcomputer sends in the time of can calculating FPSLTCCS plate frame azimuthal variation thus and be α is 120 α/0.36.
The selection of stepper motor.Parameters such as weight according to the FPSLTCCS plate frame can calculate equivalent moment of inertia and load torque, obtain the maximum static torque of stepper motor.In order to make stepper motor obtain good startup ability and response speed faster, moment of inertia and torque matching condition are respectively: J
El/ J
m≤ 4, T
El/ T
Max≤ 0.5, J in the formula
ElBe load rotating inertia, units m
2, J
mBe the moment of inertia of stepper motor self, T
ElBe load equivalent moment, the Nm of unit, T
MaxMaximum static torque for stepper motor.
The utility model needs two kinds of supply voltages because comprise light current and forceful electric power two parts.Can adopt integrated regulator (as CW7805 etc.) and three variable ends of output voltage can adjust integrated regulator (as LM317 etc.) provides respectively+5V and 1.25～37V power supply.Two power supplys not altogether, wherein+5V powers to single-chip microcomputer, 1.25～37V powers to stepper motor in addition.The utility model also can directly use storage battery power supply.The utility model has been taked by force/the light current isolation scheme, is not that the control signal that directly single-chip microcomputer is produced is transferred to stepper motor, because high-power, the high level of stepper motor can produce relatively serious disturbance to single-chip microcomputer.In the practice, generally adopt electronic switch method or photoelectric isolation method to carry out by force/the light current isolation.Because the bigger power of stepper motor need of work, so power that needs when needing usually to use power amplifier that stepper motor work is provided, the weak electric signal that isolator is sent here becomes the forceful electric power signal, can adopt integrated amplifier, also can adopt discrete component.The utility model can adopt photoelectrical coupler that cost is low, the simple and reliable property of circuit is high (as TPL521-1 etc.) and power tube (as TIP122, NPN type power Darlington transistor, IC～5A/VCEO 〉=100V) etc.) realizes the two big functions of isolating and amplifying respectively.Can satisfy this design fully for the needs of isolating and amplifying by coupling mechanism and the power tube of selecting the suitable technique parameter.
In addition, the described controller of present embodiment also includes the interface circuit that is connected on the single-chip microcomputer, is connected with input keyboard on this interface circuit and shows charactron.The present embodiment utility model adopts programmable keyboard/display interface device chip (as 8279 etc.), when finishing input of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system keyboard and LED numeral and showing, also can utilize the interrupt source interface of its surplus resources expanding system, as shown in Figure 4.Show the parameter of input with charactron, and when work, show remaining torque number.Can use the driving circuit as 4 charactrons such as 2 7407 chips.
The stepper motor driver circuit theory as shown in Figure 5.The utility model adopts the dc solid-state relay that cost is low, the simple and reliable property of circuit is high (dc SSR, as JGXEL etc.) to realize the two big functions of isolating and amplifying simultaneously.Can find that by comparing important technological parameters dc solid-state relay can satisfy the needs of isolating and amplifying fully.By force/after light current isolate to amplify coupling, pulse signal is carried out power amplification, each phase winding (L4 etc.) of drive stepping motor by power tube (as TIP122 etc.).Make stepper motor along with actions such as different pulse signals just change respectively, reverses, quickens, slows down and stops.The single-chip microcomputer selected frequency is the crystal oscillator of 22MHz, and the purpose of selecting higher crystal oscillator frequency for use is in order to reduce the influence of single-chip microcomputer to the host computer pulse signal cycle.
In addition, the described controller of present embodiment also comprises automatic switching circuit and the current foldback circuit that is connected with stepper motor with single-chip microcomputer.This automatic switch machine circuit comprises clock start, spacing and fast return three parts.Fix two limit switches on transmission gear, control east, west are to extreme position point (at the actual conditions of zones of different, regular (January or the first quarter) adjustment extreme position point position) respectively.When morning, the sun rose to certain altitude angle (being generally 5 °), starting-up signal was sent in the spontaneous startup of clock control circuit, connected the power supply of circuit, and device begins to follow the tracks of.Afternoon; when the sun drops down onto the certain altitude angle for (being generally 5 °); baffle plate on the gear touches the west to limit switch; send the fast return signal; when the fast return of square formation plate to east during to spacing, the baffle plate touch switch on the gear sends stopping signal; disconnect timing and power supply, device stops to follow the tracks of.Until second day morning, clock control circuit sent starting-up signal once more, restarted new one day control procedure.
The FPSLTCCS that the utility model is suitable for, comprise most of occasions that the sun is aimed in tracking such as photovoltaic module, solar water heater, solar cooker, sunlight collection device, sun observation equipment, the orientation that various places can fall according to the sun getting up early evening, pulse and the frequency drives stepper motor that the geographic position is provided with single-chip microcomputer, and regulate connecting rod and make FPSLTCCS aim at the sun.By calculating and experiment shows that this installation cost is low, technology is simple relatively, than the efficient raising of fixing FPSLTCCS more than 30%, has higher reliability than the system of traditional double-shaft auto-tracking.
Claims (6)
1. device of the combined tracking sun automatically-manually, it is characterized in that: the controller and the power supply that comprise mechanically tracking assembly, stepper motor, drive stepping motor running, the framework that described mechanically tracking assembly comprises that supporting rotating shaft, manual link and support are installed on the vertical supporting rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with supporting rotating shaft, described manual link is arranged on the supporting rotating shaft slippingly along its length direction, and described framework is provided with the elevation angle that is linked with the manual link head end at the supporting point position with respect to supporting rotating shaft and adjusts axle.
2. a kind of device of the combined tracking sun automatically-manually according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described controller includes single-chip microcomputer and is connected in control signal circuit on the single-chip microcomputer, its output terminal is connected with by force/the light current isolating amplifier circuit, should be connected with the stepper motor coupling through power amplification circuit by strong/light current isolating amplifier circuit, the drive stepping motor band the rotation of mechanically tracking assembly, follows the tracks of the sun.
3. described a kind of device of the combined tracking sun automatically-manually according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described controller also comprises the interface circuit that is connected on the single-chip microcomputer, is connected with input keyboard on this interface circuit and shows charactron.
4. a kind of device of the combined tracking sun automatically-manually according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described controller also comprises automatic switching circuit and the current foldback circuit that is connected with stepper motor with single-chip microcomputer.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of devices of the combined tracking sun automatically-manually, it is characterized in that: described manual link is provided with scale.
6. a kind of device of the combined tracking sun automatically-manually according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described stepper motor cooperates interlock by wheel box with vertical supporting rotating shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202955300U CN201765512U (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Device for tracing sun through automatic-manual combination |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202955300U CN201765512U (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Device for tracing sun through automatic-manual combination |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201765512U true CN201765512U (en) | 2011-03-16 |
Family
ID=43718121
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202955300U Expired - Fee Related CN201765512U (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Device for tracing sun through automatic-manual combination |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201765512U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103199742A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2013-07-10 | 河北路坤电动车辆有限公司 | Photovoltaic sun tracking system and solar power automobile |
-
2010
- 2010-08-13 CN CN2010202955300U patent/CN201765512U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103199742A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2013-07-10 | 河北路坤电动车辆有限公司 | Photovoltaic sun tracking system and solar power automobile |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110316 Termination date: 20130813 |