CN201763308U - Fishbone well type structure - Google Patents
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- CN201763308U CN201763308U CN2010201690957U CN201020169095U CN201763308U CN 201763308 U CN201763308 U CN 201763308U CN 2010201690957 U CN2010201690957 U CN 2010201690957U CN 201020169095 U CN201020169095 U CN 201020169095U CN 201763308 U CN201763308 U CN 201763308U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fishbone well type structure, wherein the fishbone wells are distributed at the bottommost layer of the oil deposit, and are positioned on the same plane, the number of the braches of each fishbone well is 2-6, the length of each branch of each fishbone is same or different, the length of each branch is 150-400m, and the angle of the fishbone branches of the fishbone wells and the fishbone well main pipe is 10-50 degrees. The utility model solves the problem that in the prior art, straight wells are used for most oil deposit for main development, generally, the yield of oil well is lower and is reduced quickly and progressively, and the developing effect is not ideal.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the oil reservoir development field, relate to bulk or thick-layer shape reservoir development, especially a kind of maximum oil reservoir contact (MRC (Maximum Reservoir Contact)) well type United Technologies that are applicable to the massive oil pool exploitation are specially a kind of fish-bone well well structure.
Background technology
Straight well is widely used in all kinds of oil reservoirs as the main well type of oil reservoir development, and it has understanding and control reservoir, reduces and dispose risk, the advantage of drilling period weak point, easy operating and adjustment.Can be used for the water filling early test simultaneously and return oil recovery on the later stage.Early stage exploration phase of oil reservoir and reservoir evaluation stage are all adopted the straight well exploitation.Well spacing is mainly considered plane well pattern design, as square or triangular pattern.These present straight well areal well patterns are more suitable for the thin layer oil reservoir, belong to two-dimentional well pattern structure design.When yet this well pattern designed for the massive oil pool multiple-zone production, have following defective: compare with the horizontal well well pattern, the oil reservoir longitudinal difference caused producing degree of reservoir low, and required well number is many; Initial potential of oil-well is low and production decline is fast; It is slow that oil reservoir is built product speed; Low and the flood effectiveness difference of rate of oil production etc.Also exist the crack to bore the problem that encountering rate is low, difficulty is selected in the well site for fractured reservoir.The OX-heart of the Liaohe Oil Field buried hill oil pool that sticks together adopts the straight well exploitation, the development scheme of straight well bottom water filling.Choose degree of depth layer position water filling under Production Wells well section, because straight well finishing drilling degree of depth difference, reservoir development degree inequality can't form unified oil-water interfaces simultaneously, causes that nearly well water floods, well water filling far away is ineffective.
Horizontal well technology has become one of main focus of World Oil Industry development, has been applied to water fault block oil reservoir at the bottom of the limit, fractured reservoirs, self-contained highly aqueous Tibetan, thin interbed oil reservoir, glutenite oil reservoir, low-permeability oil deposit etc. at present.Be widely used in that old filed is taped the latent power, newly developed area production capacity construction.In moisture second and third time of old filed oil recovery stage of height, excavate the thin difference of remaining oil potentiality and economical and effective exploitation reservoir, improve the recovery ratio aspect and play a part very important.Utilize the horizontal wells oil sheet, can improve the reserves producing status, percolation ability and development effectiveness than straight well.Along with the drilling technology especially development of geosteering technology, the horizontal well design is shifted to oil sheet, thin interbed by thick-layer.Under the situation less and less of thick oil pay horizontal well screening position, a slice frontier has been opened in the success of oil sheet horizontal well.The breakthrough of super horizontal well drilling technique in thin reservoir becomes a reality the thin sand reservoir development.
Fish-bone well drilling technology grows up on the horizontal well drilling technology basis, is meant the left and right sides or one-sided a kind of drilling well new technology of creeping into two or more branch well holes again at the horizontal well horizontal segment.The Multilateral Wells technique functions comes from the 1950's, and first Multilateral Wells starts from the Russia and the Ukraine area of the former Soviet Union, and second batch of Multilateral Wells spudded in the area, Siberia of the former Soviet Union in nineteen sixty-eight.After nineteen ninety-five, along with the development of horizontal well completion technology and popularizing of 3-D seismics technology, fish-bone well technology has just obtained development rapidly.This technology is compared with the conventional levels well, and the fish-bone well helps to formulate rational development plan, effectively develops the multilayered reservoir oil reservoir with lower cost, out-of-shape oil reservoir, hypotonic, viscous crude, thin layer, exhausted oil reservoir and crack oil reservoir etc.
But, because well type optimal design only is confined to the single type research in planar space in same oil reservoir at present, the space optimization of many wells type and arrangement mode still beyond example can be sought, straight well, single horizontal well or fish-bone well have been difficult to solve the practical problem of massive oil pool exploitation, how to use the space spread of many wells type coupling and three-dimensional well pattern structure, rational and effective exploitation oil reservoir needs to be resolved hurrily.
The utility model content
For overcoming above shortcoming, solve the practical problem that the exploitation of thick-layer or massive oil pool exists, in existing literature research only is the well pattern form of straight well and horizontal well combination, and lack on the research basis of disposing by the MRC well development, this patent has proposed the technology of a kind of bulk or the design of thick-layer shape oil reservoir well structure, this technology contacts the theory of (MRC (Maximum Reservoir Contact)) based on maximum oil reservoir, the design that maximum oil reservoir contact (MRC) well type of proposition in same oil reservoir developed jointly, and to the position in the fish-bone well well structure, horizontal section length, fish-bone divides number, the fish-bone branch length, parameters such as fish-bone branched angulation are further studied.
According to the technical solution of the utility model, a kind of fish-bone well well structure is provided, wherein the fish-bone well is distributed in the oil reservoir bottom, and is in the same horizontal plane, and the branch number of every mouthful of fish-bone well is 2～5; Each branch length of fish-bone well is identical or different, and each branch length is 150 meters～400 meters; Angle between the fish-bone branch of fish-bone well and the fish-bone well main pipe is 10 °～50 °.
Preferably, many mouthfuls of fish-bone wells are arranged in the oil reservoir bottom, the branch number of every mouthful of fish-bone well is 3; Each branch length is 168 meters or 210 meters or 280 meters or 400 meters; Branch's angle can be 15 ° or 25 ° or 35 ° or 45 °.
Use technical scheme described in the utility model, solved straight well areal well pattern exploitation in the prior art, longitudinal difference causes producing degree of reservoir low, and required well number is many; Individual layer horizontal wells oil reservoir, the oil and gas reserves development degree is low; Straight well or the pattern flooding of individual layer horizontal well, the problem that the water drive sweep efficiency is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is varying level segment length's day produce oil and a moisture content correlation curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a fish-bone well well structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the oil reservoir ultimate recovery correlation curve of different branch's angles of fish-bone well and horizontal well;
Fig. 4 is the different oil reservoir ultimate recovery correlation curves that divide number and horizontal well of fish-bone well;
Fig. 5 is the oil reservoir ultimate recovery correlation curve of different branch length of fish-bone well and horizontal well.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to being elaborated according to maximum oil reservoir contact (MRC) well structure described in the utility model.
1, maximum oil reservoir contact (MRC) well structure
Maximum oil reservoir contact well structure, it is except that straight well, comprise horizontal well, high-inclination horizontal well and fish-bone well, straight well is communicated with high-inclination horizontal well and fish-bone well, high-inclination horizontal well drills different intervals crack, the high-inclination horizontal well of many mouthfuls of layered arrangement, horizontal well all are set at the inside of bulk or thick-layer shape oil reservoir, and comprise many drainings horizontal well or high-inclination horizontal well in every layer of well, horizontal well among the adjacent row or high-inclination horizontal well well plane parallel interlaced arrangement, horizontal well in the adjacent layer or the vertical interlaced arrangement of high-inclination horizontal well well; Many mouthfuls of fish-bone wells are distributed in the bottom oil reservoir and planar become to arrange shapes more and distribute, each the well plane parallel interlaced arrangement among the adjacent row, and be in the same horizontal plane; Many mouthfuls of high-inclination horizontal wells and fish-bone well constitute that heave in the plane, vertical stacked staggered three-dimensional well pattern structure.
Well structure of the present utility model is optimized based on the combination of multiple well type and the well type of different development phases, mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) in exploration and reservoir evaluation stage, for reducing development risk, oil reservoir adopts the straight well exploitation to be used for understanding and control oil reservoir.Well spacing mainly considers to belong to the plane well pattern design of two-dimentional well pattern structure design; Straight well is used for the water filling early test simultaneously and returns oil recovery on the later stage;
(2) at the oil reservoir development initial stage, utilize the natural energy exploitation, oil reservoir adopts horizontal well, comprises high-inclination horizontal well in the oil reservoir main body section that encountering rate is bored in the raising crack and the oil reservoir brill is met thickness, increases producing degree of reservoir and oil well output; Weakened planes contradiction, overcome interlayer contradiction, improve rate of oil production and recovery ratio;
(3) according to the oil reservoir self-condition, carry out artificial energy supplement in good time, oil reservoir adopts the fish-bone well to make the water injection well type, is arranged in the oil reservoir bottom.The fish-bone well can further improve the crack on the one hand and bore encountering rate, and oil well output further improves.Second aspect, oil reservoir increases the wire water filling of horizontal well from the spot flooding of straight well, and then expands the pattern water flooding of fish-bone well to, increases the water drive swept volume, improves waterflood injection rate and water injection intensity.The third aspect, because water injection intensity strengthens, reservoir thermal crack(ing effect strengthens, and improves flood effectiveness.
Wherein, adopt many mouthfuls of straight wells to be communicated with high-inclination horizontal well and fish-bone well.High-inclination horizontal well drills different intervals crack, the horizontal well of many mouthfuls of layered arrangement, comprise high-inclination horizontal well, every layer of horizontal well all is set at the inside of bulk or thick-layer shape oil reservoir, and comprise many drainings horizontal well or high-inclination horizontal well in every layer of well, each well plane parallel interlaced arrangement among the adjacent row, each well in the adjacent layer are vertically staggered stacked.Many mouthfuls of fish-bone wells are distributed in the bottom oil reservoir, and the plane becomes many row's shapes to distribute, each the well plane parallel interlaced arrangement among the adjacent row, and be in the same horizontal plane.Many saliva horizontal well, comprise that high-inclination horizontal well and fish-bone well constitute staggered, the vertical stacked staggered three-dimensional well pattern structure in plane.
2. horizontal well and fish-bone well construction parameter optimization
(1) horizontal well horizontal segment reasonable length research
The horizontal segment length of horizontal well chooses 600 meters, 800 meters and 1000 meters respectively, and simulation mining is 30 years during given injection production pressure difference 10 MPas.
Varying level segment length's day produce oil and moisture content correlation curve, as shown in Figure 1.
Among Fig. 1, the oval tab area of representing, 1 represent one group day the produce oil curve, 2 represent one group of plot of water cut.
1000 meters of horizontal segment lengths horizontal well day produce oil apparently higher than 800 meters, 600 meters minimum, moisture content changes that then to be that 600 meters of horizontal segment lengths' horizontal well rises the slowest, secondly is 800 meters, 1000 meters risings are the fastest.The oil reservoir exploitation is after 30 years, and the recovery ratio of 800 meters horizontal wells is higher by 1.4% than 800 meters horizontal wells than the recovery ratio of 600 meters high 8.42%, 1000 meter horizontal wells.Because horizontal segment is long more, be subjected to horizontal segment frictional head loss etc., edge effect serious more, when horizontal segment surpasses 800 meters, continue to increase horizontal segment length, recovery ratio increases not obvious.Under three-dimensional flooding pattern situation, increase with horizontal segment, the amplitude that crude output and recovery ratio increase reduces gradually.Consider that from flow through oil reservoir and exploitation angle net horizontal section length should strengthen as far as possible; But should be taken into account the restriction of drilling cost and technological level simultaneously, net horizontal section is got about 800 meters and is advisable.
(2) the reasonable branch of fish-bone well angle research
According to actual oil deposit parameter, suppose that it is 3 that the fish-bone well divides number, each branch length is 280 meters.Test different branch's angles, be respectively 15 °, 25 °, 35 ° and 45 °, given injection production pressure difference 10 MPa simulation minings 30 years are seen fish-bone well well structure schematic diagram 2.
Among Fig. 2: 1 represents fish-bone well main hole, and length is l, and 2 represent fish-bone well branch, and length is l1,
L2 represents fish-bone well branch spacing; L3 represents the distance of fish-bone well main hole and branch's end points; θ represents the angle of fish-bone well main hole and branch; A represents fish-bone well well array distance,
A represents fish-bone well entrance; B represents fish-bone well end points.
The oil reservoir ultimate recovery correlation curve of the different branches of fish-bone well angle is as Fig. 3.
Among Fig. 3, the rectangle pillar is represented the oil reservoir ultimate recovery of the different branches of fish-bone well angle, and branches angle can be 15 °, 25 °, 35 ° and 45 ° respectively.
The branch of fish-bone well extends to the producing well below, compares with the horizontal flood well, annotates shape water from line and expands planar water filling to, has increased injection area, and planar water filling is more conducive to form the waterflooding extraction pattern that end hydrologic(al) budget holder is advanced.Branch's angle becomes 15 °～45 °, all can control whole bottom surface, so development effectiveness is more or less the same.Development effectiveness is best during 25 ° of branch's angles, secondly is 15 °.Because during 15 ° of angles, the disturbing effect between branch and the trunk section is obvious during than 25 °.When 35 ° of branch's angles and 45 °, the phase mutual interference influences flood effectiveness between the adjacent water injection well, and its development effectiveness is slightly poorer during with 25 ° than 15 ° of branch angles.And branch's angle increases, and drilling technology difficulty and drilling cost also can correspondingly increase, and the reasonable branch of Gu Yugujing angle should be got 15 °～25 °.
(3) the fish-bone well rationally divides number and branch length research rationally
Keep the constant situation of branch's length overall:
According to actual oil deposit parameter, fish-bone well branch angle and total branch length are certain, test different branch number and branch length, are respectively 2 branches, 3 branches, 4 branches and 5 branches, given injection production pressure difference 10 MPa simulation minings 30 years.
The different oil reservoir ultimate recovery correlation curves that divide number and horizontal well of fish-bone well are as Fig. 4.
Among Fig. 4, the rectangle pillar is represented the different oil reservoir ultimate recoveries that divide number and horizontal well of fish-bone well, divides number can be 2 branches, 3 branches, 4 branches and 5 branches respectively.
The recovery ratio of fish-bone well water filling is better than the horizontal well water filling, because the fish-bone well is planar water filling, and injector producer distance is less than the horizontal well water filling, and producing well can be faster with the oily extraction in the oil reservoir.When between oil reservoir serious heterogeneity, injection-production well, having the hyposmosis band, adopt fish-bone well waterflooding extraction, guarantee development effectiveness.But under the same branches length overall situation, branch is many more, and corresponding drilling cost is high more, so adopt the fish-bone well water filling of 3 branches.
Keep dividing number constant situation:
Fish-bone well branch angle and branch number are certain, test different branch length, are respectively 168 meters, 210 meters, 280 meters and 400 meters, given injection production pressure difference 10 MPas, simulation mining 30 years.
The oil reservoir ultimate recovery correlation curve of different branch head of fish-bone well and horizontal well is as Fig. 5.
Among Fig. 5, among Fig. 4, the rectangle pillar is represented the oil reservoir ultimate recovery of different branch head of fish-bone well and horizontal well, and branch head is respectively 168 meters, 210 meters, 280 meters and 400 meters.
The recovery ratio of fish-bone well water filling is better than the horizontal well water filling, because the fish-bone well is planar water filling, and injector producer distance is less than the horizontal well water filling, and producing well can be faster with the oily extraction in the oil reservoir.280 meters development effectiveness of fish-bone well branch are best.Because during 280 meters of branch head, fish-bone well water filling branch just extends under the producing well, water injection well can be controlled whole bottom surface; 168 meters and 210 meters of branch head, the water injection well control area is less relatively; And during 400 meters of branch head, have the phase mutual interference between the branch of adjacent water injection well, also can influence waterflooding development effect.So when adopting the fish-bone well water filling of 3 branches, branch length is advisable for 280 meters.
Industrial applicibility:
Use the technical solution of the utility model, can improve oil well output and oil recovery effectively.
The MRC technology is preferably to design to the well parameter optimization from the well type, has carried out successful test at prosperous platform buried hill oil pool and has used.Based on metamorphic rock, the prosperous platform Archaean group buried hill oil pool that is distributed with magmatic rock that interts, buried depth is at-2355～-4500 meters, the oil-containing amplitude surpasses 2000 meters, by many reverse fault clampings of the high angle normal fault in the north and south, have the oil reservoir of complicated inside story structure.In the research, determined vertically to go up the branch band of oil reservoir according to lithology and oil reservoir distribution characteristics, pressure and production characteristics etc., in conjunction with the consideration of artificial recharge development scheme, proposed the MRC well pattern in the vertical with the plane on design.Comprise the characteristics of high-inclination horizontal well and fish-bone well at straight well, horizontal well, propose, to reduce development risk, adapt to development scheme, to obtain peak-production and longer stable yields time method in oil reservoir different development phases, the preferred well type of diverse location.And the branched angulation of the length of the MRC well horizontal segment after preferred, fish-bone well, divide number, branch length to study.76 mouthfuls of MRC test wells disposing wherein have 33 mouthfuls of wells to put into production.After test was gone into operation, the oil reservoir rate of oil production had improved 28 times, 80.5 tons/day of average individual well initial stage daily oil productioies, be 3.0 times of straight well output, wherein the initial production of fish-bone well reaches 97 tons/day, is 3.6 times of straight well output, the expense of drilling well has only increased by 68%, and operating cost has saved 75%.
The more important thing is that exploration of prosperous platform buried hill and reservoir evaluation stage are adopted straight well always, played positive role at aspects such as abundant materials admission means, expansion oil reservoir understanding scope, reduction exploration risks.Yet, along with intensification to the oil reservoir awareness, for reservoir thickness surpass that 2000 meters, non-homogeneity are strong, the crack is based on the oil reservoir of high angle seam, continues to adopt the straight well exploitation will have following several respects problem:
(1) the well number is many, drill footage big, investment is high.Consider that straight well will adopt pressure break to go into operation, perforation length generally is controlled in 50 meters, and straight well is disposed in the leeway of returning production in the reservation, expectation can be disposed 221 mouthfuls, be 2.6 times of MRC well number, corresponding drill footage straight well is 2.1 times (the upper strata straight well does not get into lower floor, to save drilling depth) of MRC well.
(2) single well controlled reserves is low, and straight well on average has only 14.3 ten thousand tons, and the MRC well on average reaches 600,000 tons.
(3) brill encountering rate in crack is low, rate of oil production is low.
Calculate according to theory based on the netted seam of middle high angle in the crack, buried hill, and when identical fracture spacing, fracture aperture, brill chance equal length oil reservoir, straight well bores the bar number of meeting the crack and has only 1/3rd of MRC well, and output is also corresponding lower.9 mouthfuls of straight wells of statistics pilot production, average day at initial stage 26.9 tons/day of produce oils, and output descend fast, drilling period is long, so the oil reservoir rate of oil production is lower always.And the MRC well has improved the crack and has bored encountering rate and core intersection, the crude output height, average day at initial stage 88.8 tons/day of produce oils.
(4) production decline is fast.There is not primary pneumatic jack in oil reservoir, even exist end water below-4500 meters, natural energy is inadequate, the fast quick depletion of straight well oil production.The average year lapse rate up to 70.2%/year, and have only 1 mouthful of well to occur successively decreasing in 15 mouthfuls of wells that the stability test of MRC well is produced, annual decline rate is 25.4%/year, be much better than straight well.
Use maximum oil reservoir contact (MRC) well type exploitation method and well structure to address the above problem well.And solved straight well areal well pattern exploitation in the prior art, longitudinal difference causes producing degree of reservoir low, and required well number is many; Individual layer horizontal wells oil reservoir, the oil and gas reserves development degree is low; Straight well or the pattern flooding of individual layer horizontal well, the problem that the water drive sweep efficiency is low; Improve oil reservoir rate of oil production and recovery ratio, reduced development cost simultaneously.
As above-mentioned, the clear technical scheme that has described the present invention's proposition in detail.Although the present invention is described and explained to the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail, but this area those skilled in the art be appreciated that, under the situation of the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not deviate from the claims definition, can in form and details, make multiple modification.
Claims (4)
1. a fish-bone well well structure is characterized in that, described fish-bone well is distributed in the oil reservoir bottom, and is in the same horizontal plane, and the branch number of every mouthful of fish-bone well is 2～5; Each branch length of fish-bone well is identical or different, and each branch length is 150 meters～400 meters; Angle between the fish-bone branch of fish-bone well and the fish-bone well main pipe is 10 °～50 °.
2. according to the fish-bone well well structure described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that the branch number of described fish-bone well is 3.
3. according to the fish-bone well well structure described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that the fish-bone branch length of described fish-bone well is 168 meters or 210 meters or 280 meters or 400 meters.
4. according to the fish-bone well well structure described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that the fish-bone branch angle of described fish-bone well is 15 ° or 25 ° or 35 ° or 45 °.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103485773A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-01 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Method for determining multi-branch horizontal well branch parameters |
| CN104481495A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Coalbed methane (CBM) cluster double multi-branch horizontal well and drilling method relative to discharging and mining vertical well system |
| CN104533287A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-22 | 西南石油大学 | Drilling and completion and production increasing system for shale gas reservoir of multilateral fishbone horizontal well |
| CN104533288A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-22 | 西南石油大学 | Drilling and completion and production increasing method for shale gas reservoir of multilateral fishbone horizontal well |
| CN107859482A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of halberd formula coal bed gas horizontal well drilling method |
| CN109488274A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-19 | 重庆科技学院 | The fracturing yield increasing method of deep layer shale gas |
| CN114575798A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | By using supercritical CO2Thermodynamic system for exploiting geothermal energy of low-temperature exhausted gas reservoir |
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2010
- 2010-04-26 CN CN2010201690957U patent/CN201763308U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103485773A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-01 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Method for determining multi-branch horizontal well branch parameters |
| CN104481495A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Coalbed methane (CBM) cluster double multi-branch horizontal well and drilling method relative to discharging and mining vertical well system |
| CN104533287A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-22 | 西南石油大学 | Drilling and completion and production increasing system for shale gas reservoir of multilateral fishbone horizontal well |
| CN104533288A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-22 | 西南石油大学 | Drilling and completion and production increasing method for shale gas reservoir of multilateral fishbone horizontal well |
| CN107859482A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of halberd formula coal bed gas horizontal well drilling method |
| CN107859482B (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-06-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of halberd formula coal bed gas horizontal well drilling method |
| CN109488274A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-19 | 重庆科技学院 | The fracturing yield increasing method of deep layer shale gas |
| CN109488274B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-10-16 | 重庆科技学院 | Deep shale gas fracturing production increasing method |
| CN114575798A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | By using supercritical CO2Thermodynamic system for exploiting geothermal energy of low-temperature exhausted gas reservoir |
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