CN201605244U

CN201605244U - Inverted ladder type upright internal heat hollow carburization furnace

Info

Publication number: CN201605244U
Application number: CN2009202458983U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王建平; 刘在堂
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-12-21
Filing date: 2009-12-21
Publication date: 2010-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2019-12-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to an upright internal heat hollow carburization furnace which mainly comprises a furnace wall, combustion chambers, a carburization chamber, a gas collecting hood and fire holes of the combustion chambers, wherein the carburization chamber takes a top-narrow and bottom-wide shape and the structure, the upper end of the wall of the carburization chamber is in the shape of a multi-stage inverted ladder, the two adjacent combustion chambers are arranged in the same layer, or the longitudinal distance between fire observation holes at the same height is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and the fire holes of the combustion chambers are respectively concealed on various layers of the inverted ladder. The upright internal heat hollow carburization furnace terminates the history that small granular coal can not be used in the upright internal heat hollow carburization furnace, well solve the problems of poor air permeability and easy blockage of the fire holes of the small granular coal in the carburization chamber and achieve the good effects of increasing yield and income, saving energy and reducing emission.

Description

Inverted ladder-shaped vertical internal thermal hollow carbonization furnace

Technical field

The utility model relates to the charring furnace furnace binding technology of semicoke industry.

Background technology

Shenmu County, China northern Shensi one band rich coal resources, and be the chemical industry coal of superior in quality low ash, low-sulfur, low-phosphorous, middle golf calorific value, be the high quality raw material of the blue charcoal of production.Annual about 7,000 ten thousand tons of the raw coal that produces in Shenmu County, in screening process, lump coal accounts for 60%, and about forty-two million ton, the above lump coal of ￠ 30mm granularity are all by each blue charcoal factory use of existing 600,000 t/a; Mixed coal after the screening accounts for 40%, about 2,800 ten thousand tons, all uses as electric coal.In mixed coal, ￠ 6-20mm granularity broken coal accounts for 20%, and about 5,600,000 tons, use as electric coal, very unfortunate.If can be with this ￠ 6-20mm small-particle coal of 5,600,000 tons, be used to produce blue charcoal, then but the blue charcoal of output is 3,000,000 tons, 300,000 tons in tar, processing sell is taken in 25.5 hundred million yuan, can turn over 500,000,000 yuan of the various expenses of taxation, arrange employment more than personnel 1000 people, be one benefit the nation, favorable to the people, be beneficial to the key subjects that resource is used.

Traditional coking chamber, it is constructed as shown in Figure 1, mainly by: 1 furnace roof lump coal import, 2 furnace walls, 3 gas skirts, 4 combustion chamber fire holes, 5 coke discharging mouths, 6 water quenching vats, 7 gas exits, R combustion chamber, T coking chamber are formed.The top is gas exit and raw gas effuser, and the effuser bottom connects several gas skirts 3.Opening for feed be evenly distributed on furnace roof and and the coking chamber T of furnace bottom correspondence one by one, furnace bottom is uniform-distribution with some coking chamber T.Combustion chamber R and coking chamber T are adjacent at interval one by one, and whole combustion chamber R width up and down equates at R top, combustion chamber two-layer fire hole 4 is arranged.Coal is deposited in the coking chamber T, and high-temperature gas enters the coal seam from fire hole 4, and the coal seam is carried out destructive distillation and generated coke under the condition of secluding air; And the fugitive constituent that generates, the synthetic raw gas of moisture enter effuser by the storage cover.The coke that generates, the coke discharging mouth by coking chamber T bottom enters water quenching vat 6, becomes the coke finished product after the quenching cooling.Coal is processed to qualified blue charcoal through a such process.This type of furnace only is applicable to that the lump coal that selects of ￠ 30mm-￠ 80mm goes into the stove charing, the wide 590mm of this oven carbonization chamber, and the coking chamber body of wall is vertical, and respectively there is two-layer fire hole the body of wall both sides.The long 120mm of fire hole, wide 23mm, horizontally disposed.If ￠ 6-20mm granule coal is added in this charring furnace, following problems can appear:

A, long 120mm, the fire hole mouth of wide 23mm very easily falls into the little beans that is significantly smaller than this width, fire hole is stopped up, because of fire hole is the passage that inflammable gas enters coking chamber, after fire hole was stopped up by the granule coal, inflammable gas can't spray into smoothly in the coking chamber coal charge is heated dry distillation charring.

B, since the broken coal particle diameter little, heap closely knit, air gap is little, ventilation property extreme difference, hot waste gas are difficult to penetrate fully the coal seam of 590mm width, make the coal of middle portion, are difficult to whole charings---green coke occurs, influence (blue charcoal) output and quality of semicoke.

When little beans when furnace roof feed port 1 enters the coking chamber of stove bottom, when the coal seam height is higher than fire hole, little beans will enter fire hole and block fire hole, high-temperature gas can not evenly pass the coal seam in the coking chamber, make the little beans serious coking under continuous high temperature near fire hole, ash value increases, and volatile content is higher owing to there is not the heating destructive distillation of high-temperature gas away from the coal of flame-observing hole, the coke quality of whole coking chamber is uneven, and oeverall quality descends.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is, overcomes the deficiency that existing charring furnace can't the following little beans of charing ￠ 30mm, and a kind of all novel charring furnaces of development and use of small-particle coal that make are provided.

The utility model addresses following two problems at the deficiency of existing charring furnace:

A, make little beans can't stop up flame-observing hole.

B, make and enter coking chamber to heap closely knit little beans loose., ventilation property strengthens, and is easy to the little beans of charing.

The utility model is achieved in that

Coking chamber is up-narrow and down-wide shape and structure, and the multiplying power according to 1.12 is amplified, promptly, the body of wall top narrows down, and is divided into two inverted steps: between first ladder, and about 45.0～50.0 centimetres of coking chamber width, width is 50.4～56.0 centimetres between second ladder, 56.0～62.7 centimetres of lower width.Two-layer fire hole is hidden respectively under two-layer inverted steps, and the little beans that causes to fall and break can't enter fire hole, has solved the fire hole blocking problem.

Because coking chamber is up-narrow and down-wide shape, stackeding space strengthened gradually after the little beans that moves downward entered coking chamber, and stackeding space strengthens and then reduced the tap density of little beans, has strengthened the ventilation property in granule coal seam.This structure is easy to high-temperature gas gas and penetrates whole coal seam, and little beans is fully contacted with high-temperature gas, heats dry distillation charring smoothly, has stopped the green coke appearance, has improved the quality of blue charcoal and the output of tar and related products.In blue charcoal turnout, the little beans that particle diameter is little---granularity is ￠ 6-20mm, is easy to heat charing, and the blue charcoal that the charing cycle reduces to produce relatively is than the former type of furnace volume increase 15% of producing ￠ 30-80mm.The utility model history that small-particle coal can not use in vertical internal thermal hollow carbonization furnace that is through with, it is poor to have solved small-particle coal ventilation property in coking chamber preferably, the susceptible to plugging problem of fire hole; Received increasing both production and income, the good result of energy-saving and emission-reduction.

Below in conjunction with embodiment of the present utility model of accompanying drawing narration

Description of drawings

Fig. 1. be the shape and structure figure of traditional coking chamber;

Fig. 2. be the structural representation of the utility model charring furnace;

Fig. 3. inverted steps coking chamber synoptic diagram is amplified in the part of Fig. 2.

Embodiment

Fig. 2, Fig. 3 show the shape and the structure of the charring furnace of present embodiment.Mainly contain: 1 furnace roof 6-20mm broken coal inlet, 2 furnace walls, 3 gas skirts, 4 burning fire holes, 5 slag-drip openings, 6 water quenching vats, 7 little beans move downward compact zone, 8 the first layer fire hole mouths, 10 second layer fire hole mouths, the loose carbonizing zone of 11 granule coals, R combustion chamber, T coking chamber.The top is gas exit and raw gas effuser, and the effuser bottom connects several gas skirts 3, and gas skirt 3 is inverted funnel type.Opening for feed be evenly distributed on furnace roof and and the coking chamber T of furnace bottom corresponding one by one, furnace bottom is uniform-distribution with some coking chamber T, combustion chamber R and coking chamber T interval one by one are adjacent.At R top, combustion chamber two-layer fire hole 8 and 10 are arranged, the top of combustion chamber R becomes the shape of multistage inverted steps, makes the distance from top of two adjacent combustion chamber R reduce.Two-layer fire hole is hidden in respectively under the ladder, and thus, little beans just can't enter fire hole 4, can't stop up fire hole, guarantees that high-temperature gas enters in the coal seam smoothly.Coal is deposited in the coking chamber T, and the high-temperature gas that combustion chamber T internal combustion produces enters the coal seam from fire hole 4.Because being the distance of adjacent two fire holes of inverted steps shape, R top, combustion chamber shortens, the transmission range of high-temperature gas in the coal seam shortened, and vapour lock pressure falls also to have reduced avoids high-temperature gas owing to local superheating appears in the little residence time prolongation in the coal seam of coal seam tap density open grain; From fire hole coal seam far away owing to do not reach the phenomenon that high-temperature gas generates green coke.The coal of coking chamber T carries out high temperature carbonization and generates blue charcoal under the condition of secluding air, the fugitive constituent of generation, the synthetic raw gas of moisture enter effuser by gas skirt 3.After entering water quenching vat quenching cooling, the coke discharging mouth of the blue charcoal that generates by the coking chamber bottom become blue charcoal finished product.Coal is processed to qualified blue charcoal through a such process.

Coking chamber is up-narrow and down-wide shape and structure, that is, body of wall is divided into two inverted steps: between first ladder, and about 47 centimeters of coking chamber T width, width is 53 centimeters between second ladder, 59 centimeters of lower width.Two-layer fire hole is hidden respectively under two-layer inverted steps, be difficult for being stopped up by the granule coal, guarantee that high-temperature gas can flow to the coal seam of coking chamber smoothly, meanwhile because constantly shortening of the fire hole of two adjacent combustion chambers distance from top to bottom, reduced high-temperature gas horizontal direction in the coal seam penetration range, reduced pressure drop, make high-temperature gas can pass through the coal seam full and uniformly and make the uniform distribution of temperature field in coal seam, stopped gas short circuit, breaking phenomena, guaranteed the quality of coke.Improved the material choice of semi-coke oven.

Claims

1. novel vertical internal thermal hollow carbonization furnace, furnace wall (2), combustion chamber (R), coking chamber (T), gas skirt (13), combustion chamber fire hole (4) are arranged, it is characterized in that: coking chamber (T) is up-narrow and down-wide shape and structure, hold on the charing locular wall, for multistage inverted ladder-shaped, adjacent two combustion chambers dwindle from bottom to top gradually with the horizontal throw of layer or co-altitude flame-observing hole, and combustion chamber fire hole (4) is hidden respectively on each layer inverted steps.