CN201550043U - Automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator - Google Patents

Automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator Download PDF

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CN201550043U
CN201550043U CN2009200558205U CN200920055820U CN201550043U CN 201550043 U CN201550043 U CN 201550043U CN 2009200558205 U CN2009200558205 U CN 2009200558205U CN 200920055820 U CN200920055820 U CN 200920055820U CN 201550043 U CN201550043 U CN 201550043U
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王琼标
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    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic tracking control circuit of a solar generator. The control circuit comprises a horizontal azimuth angle tracking circuit and a vertical elevation angle tracking circuit, wherein the horizontal azimuth angle tracking circuit and the vertical elevation angle tracking circuit drive a direct current electromotor M1 and a direct current electromotor M2 respectively, and respectively comprise each input circuit, a logic circuit and an output circuit, the input end of the input circuit is connected to the coding end of the logic circuit after digitalizing electric signals which are detected by a light sensitive diode and a dip angle switch, and the electric signals are coded by a coding circuit through the logic circuit and output relative instructions according to the real-time control requirements, and are finally connected to the output circuit, thereby the output circuit controls the rotation and the steering of the motor. With the technical scheme, the automatic tracking control circuit can achieve the beneficial effects of high tracking precision, stability and reliability.

Description

A kind of automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator
Technical field:
The utility model relates to and utilizes the solar energy generation technology field, refers in particular to a kind of automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator.
Background technology:
The circuit design of present solar generator automatic tracking system, the voltage differences of the photocell institute sensitization that light pay the plate two side ends that adopt as detection signal more, or utilize microcomputer or after analog circuitry processes such as operational amplifier amplification, controlled signal, this is relatively more difficult on the raising tracking accuracy, also is difficult to accomplish round-the-clock control, simultaneously, this control mode has bigger relation with factors such as ambient temperatures, and therefore stability and reliability are relatively poor.
The utility model content:
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of tracking accuracy height, reliable and stable automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator are provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the utility model provides is: automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator, and this control circuit is made up of the two large divisions, and the one, the level orientation angle-tracing circuit; The 2nd, vertical elevation angle tracking circuit, level orientation angle-tracing circuit and vertical elevation angle tracking circuit drive DC motor M separately 1And M 2Level orientation angle-tracing circuit and vertical elevation angle tracking circuit are made up of separately input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit respectively, wherein, the input of input circuit is by the photodiode and the detected signal of telecommunication of inclination angle switch, be connected to the coding side of logical circuit after the digitlization in addition, and then according to the needs of real-time control, through the decoding circuit decoding and the output corresponding instruction of logical circuit, be connected to output circuit at last, thereby by the rotation of output circuit control motor with turn to.
The horizontal azimuth drive circuit is made up of input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit three parts, and input circuit is by photodiode G 1, G 2, G 3, G 7With triode T 1, T 2And composition such as operational amplifier YS; Logical circuit is by not gate F 1, F 2, F 3, F 4With door Y 1, Y 2, Y 3, Y 4, Y 5With rest-set flip-flop CH 1, CH 2Deng composition; Output circuit is by triode T 7, T 8And relay J 1a, J 1bDeng composition;
Triode T in the input circuit 2Base stage connect photodiode G 2Positive pole, G 2Minus earth; Triode T 3Base stage connect photodiode G 3Positive pole, G 3Minus earth, T 2, T 3The equal ground connection of emitter; Form differential amplifier circuit, G by operational amplifier YS etc. 1Pass through resistance R 7Connect inverting input, G 7Pass through resistance R 9Connect in-phase input end, output is by diode D 3Be connected to L 1
The input L of logical circuit 2Be T 2Collector electrode, L 3Be T 3Collector electrode, L 2Through not gate F 2Back one tunnel is connected to and door Y 1An input, another road be connected to the door Y 4An input, L 3A road respectively and with door Y 2, Y 5Input connect, another road is by trigger CH 1, C 1, D 1Deng the triggering input of the single stabilization delay circuit of forming, CH 1Output Q 1Through not gate F 4After be connected to an input L of logical circuit 1, and L 1A road be connected to the door Y 4Another input, another road is through not gate F 1Be connected to the door Y 1Another go into end, Y 1Output be connected to the door Y 2Another input, Y 2Output be Q 1aY 5Output Q 1bDivide two-way, the one road and with door Y 3Input connect, another road is by trigger CH 2, C 2, D 2Deng 3 minutes the triggering input of forming of single stabilization delay circuit time-delay.CH 2Output Q 2Through not gate F 3With with door Y 3Another input connect Y 5Another input and Y 4Output connect;
Triode T in the output circuit 7Collector connection relay J 1aAn end, J 1aAnother termination power V CCPositive pole; T 7Base stage be connected to Y through resistance 2Output; T 7Grounded emitter, triode T 8Collector connection relay J 1bAn end, J 1bAnother termination positive source; T 8Base stage be connected to Y through resistance 3Output; T 8Grounded emitter, relay J 1aAnd J 1bNormally-closed contact be connected to each other after, be connected to positive source again, after their normally opened contact is connected to each other, be connected to the negative pole of power supply again, J 1aAnd J 1bRelease knob respectively with motor M 1Two inputs connect;
Vertically elevation angle drive circuit is made up of input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit three parts, and input circuit is by photodiode G 1, G 3, G 4, G 5, G 6With the inclination angle K switch 1, K 2, K 3And triode T 3, T 4, T 5, T 6Also have compositions such as operational amplifier YS, logical circuit is by not gate F 4, F 5, F 6, F 7, F 8, F 9, F 10With Y 7, Y 8, Y 9, Y 10, Y 11, Y 12, Y 13, Y 14And trigger CH 3, CH 4, CH 5Deng composition, output circuit is by T 9, T 10And relay J 2a, J 2bDeng composition;
The triode T of input circuit 5Collector electrode be one of the input I of logical circuit 1, T 5Base stage meet photodiode G 1Positive pole, G 1Minus earth; T 5Grounded emitter.The inclination angle K switch 1Pass through D 1And G 1Parallel connection, triode T 6Collector electrode pass through diode D again 6Be two I of the input of logical circuit 2, T 6Base stage connect the inclination angle K switch 2An end, K 2Other end ground connection.T 6Grounded emitter, triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' be and door Y 6An input, T 3Base stage connect photodiode G 3Positive pole, G 3Minus earth; T 3Grounded emitter.The inclination angle K switch 3One termination I 3, another termination positive source, triode T 4Collector electrode be four I of the input of logical circuit 4T 4Base stage connect photodiode G 4Positive pole, G 4Minus earth; T 4Grounded emitter.The inclination angle K switch 1Pass through D 2And G 4Parallel connection is by operational amplifier YS and resistance R 30, R 31, R 32, R 33, R 34Form differential amplifier circuit, photosensitive tube G 6Through R 30Connect inverting input, G 5Through R 32Connect in-phase input end, differential output end is through D 10, D 11Meet I respectively 1And I 4G 5And G 6Opposing being installed on the small baffle, and G 5Up, G 6Down;
The I of logical circuit 1Be connected to and door Y 7An input; I 1Pass through not gate F again 10Be connected to and door Y 13An input; I 2Through not gate F 6Be connected to and door Y 7Another input.I 2Be connected to Y again 13Another input; I 3Be connected to and door Y 10An input, be connected to again with the door Y 11An input; I 4Receive Y 10Another input, pass through not gate F again 8Be connected to Y 11Another input, pass through not gate F again 5, diode D 7Be connected to I 2The inclination angle K switch 3One termination I 3, another termination positive source, wherein I 3Be and door Y 6Output.And triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' be Y 6An input, trigger CH 3Output Q 3Through not gate F 4After be Y 6Another input.Triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' another road be by CH 3, G 3, D 3Deng the triggering input of the single stabilization delay circuit of forming, with door Y 8Two inputs respectively and Y 7With Y 10Output connect.With door Y 8Output Q 2aOne the tunnel through R 35, C 35Integrating circuit is connected to and door Y 9An input, another road is by trigger CH 4, D 4, C 4Triggering input Deng the single stabilization delay circuit of forming.CH 4Output Q 4Through not gate F 7Be connected to Y 9Another input, with door Y 12Two inputs respectively and Y 11And Y 13Output connect and Y 12Output Q 2bBe divided into two-way again, the one tunnel through R 36, C 36Integrating circuit is connected to and door Y 14An input; Another road is by trigger CH 5, C 5, D 5Triggering input Deng the single stabilization delay circuit of forming.CH 5Output Q 5Through not gate F 9Be connected to and door Y 14Another input.
After the utility model adopts technique scheme, one, utilize resistance after the photodiode sensitization as detection signal, so just raising precision easily.Two, be to utilize the break-make of inclination angle switch to do detection signal, easy to operate.Three, on the Signal Processing method also unlike the prior art, the utility model is to utilize logical circuit to signal processing; causality is clear and definite; reliable and stable, and can import multiple detection signal, be easy to accomplish round-the-clock automatic protection control from motion tracking and anti-storm snow.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the utility model level orientation angle tracking drive circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the drive circuit schematic diagram is followed the tracks of at the vertical elevation angle of the utility model.
Embodiment:
This control circuit is made up of the two large divisions, and the one, the level orientation angle-tracing circuit; The 2nd, vertical elevation angle tracking circuit.Its theory of mechanics shown in figure one, genus level and vertical biaxial system.Wherein vertical axes is the rotation axis of photovoltaic panel level orientation angle tracking, and trunnion axis is the rotation axis that follow the tracks of at the vertical elevation angle of photovoltaic panel.Each is by DC motor (12V) M 1And M 2Drive by gearbox, rotating speed is 0.1 rev/min.Then each is driven by corresponding circuit motor, shown in figure two, figure three.Below each drive circuit is described as follows.
One, horizontal azimuth drive circuit
Form (referring to shown in Figure 1) by input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit three parts.
Input circuit is by photodiode G 1, G 2, G 3, G 7With triode T 1, T 2And composition such as operational amplifier YS.Logical circuit is by not gate F 1, F 2, F 3, F 4With door Y 1, Y 2, Y 3, Y 4, Y 5With rest-set flip-flop CH 1, CH 2Deng composition.Output circuit is by triode T 7, T 8And relay J 1a, J 1bDeng composition.As shown in Figure 1.
The connection of I, circuit
1, input circuit
(1) triode T 2Base stage connect photodiode G 2Positive pole, G 2Minus earth, T 2Base resistance 500K, collector resistance 33K;
(2) triode T 3Base stage connect photodiode G 3Positive pole, G 3Minus earth, T 3Base resistance 500K, collector resistance 33K.T 2, T 3The equal ground connection of emitter.
(3) form differential amplifier circuit, G by operational amplifier YS etc. 1Pass through resistance R 7Connect inverting input, G 7Pass through resistance R 9Connect in-phase input end.Output is by diode D 3(forward) is connected to L 1
2, logical circuit
The input L of logical circuit 2Be T 2Collector electrode, L 3Be T 3Collector electrode.
L 2Through not gate F 2Back one tunnel is connected to and door Y 1An input; Another road is connected to and door Y 4An input.L 3A road respectively and with door Y 2, Y 5Input connect; Another road is by trigger CH 1, C 1, D 1Triggering input in monostable time-delay (the delaying time 8 minutes) circuit of forming.CH 1Output Q 1Through not gate F 4After be connected to an input L of logical circuit 1And L 1A road be connected to the door Y 4Another input, another road is through not gate F 1Be connected to the door Y 1Another go into end.Y 1Output be connected to the door Y 2Another input, Y 2Output be Q 1a
Y 5Output Q 1bDivide two-way, the one road and with door Y 3Input connect, another road is by trigger CH 2, C 2, D 2Deng 3 minutes the triggering input of forming of single stabilization delay circuit time-delay.CH 2Output Q 2Through not gate F 3With with door Y 3Another input connect.
Y 5Another input and Y 4Output connect.
3, output circuit
Triode T 7Collector connection relay J 1aAn end, J 1aAnother termination power V CCPositive pole; T 7Base stage be connected to Y through resistance 10K 2Output; T 7Grounded emitter.
Triode T 8Collector connection relay J 1bAn end, J 1bAnother termination positive source; T 8Base stage be connected to Y through resistance 10K 3Output; T 8Grounded emitter.
Relay J 1aAnd J 1bNormally-closed contact be connected to each other after, be connected to positive source again, after their normally opened contact is connected to each other, be connected to the negative pole of power supply again.J 1aAnd J 1bRelease knob respectively with motor M 1Two inputs connect.
The operation principle of II, circuit (referring to shown in Figure 1)
As can be seen from Figure 1, the input signal of logical circuit has three, is respectively L 1, L 2And L 3, two of output signals are respectively Q 1a, Q 1bThe input signal of logical circuit and the logical relation of output signal see Table 1, from the truth table of table 1 as can be known, when being input as 001, output Q 1a=1 (this moment output circuit J 1aMust be electric, M 1Counter-rotating, drive photovoltaic panel are rotated from west to east), when being input as 101, output Q 1b=1 (this moment J 1bMust be electric, M 1Just change, drive photovoltaic panel and rotate from east to west).Remaining all input all makes and is output as 0, and motor is stopped, and photovoltaic panel is also slack.
The truth table of table 1 level orientation angle tracking drive circuit
Input Output
L 1 L 2 L 3 Q 1a Q 1b
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
The input signal L of input circuit 2And L 3, respectively by G 2And G 3Sensitization to sunlight determines, is 1 during sensitization, is 0 during loss of gloss.And input signal L 1Be trigger CH 1Output signal Q 1Determine CH 1During set, L 1=Q 1=0, L when resetting 1=Q 1=1.And by CH 1Deng single stabilization delay circuit of composition, delay time about 8 minutes was the needs of considering high latitude area, CH in addition 2Forming about 3 minutes of a single stabilization delay circuit delay time Deng also, is to consider tracking accuracy, is unlikely the needs of motor Fraquent start again.
When morning the sun when rise in east, G 3At first sensitization, L 3=1.And make trigger CH 1Set begins regularly, at this moment L 1=Q 1=0, be input as 001, be output as Q 1a=1, drive photovoltaic panel immediately and rotate (evening before that day, photovoltaic panel was parked in the direction of being exposed to the west) from West to East and make G eastwards when photovoltaic panel rotates to 2L during sensitization 2=1, be input as 011, output Q 1a=0, photovoltaic panel stops immediately, is parked in towards the direction of the east to the sun.From rotating within 8 minutes that begin, because CH 1Still, make L at reset mode 1=1, be input as 111, photovoltaic panel is still slack.After this, because the sun moves westwards G 2Loss of gloss, L 2=0, be input as 101, output Q 1b=1, photovoltaic panel is waited for 3 minutes (by CH 2Delayed time 3 minutes determine) after, beginning is just being changeed, promptly from east orientation west rotation.After rotating a slight angle, make G 2Sensitization again is input as 111, output Q 1b=0, photovoltaic panel stops immediately.Then, the sun moves westwards a few minutes, makes G again 2Loss of gloss, input becomes 101, is output as Q 1b=1, photovoltaic panel is rotated a slight angle again westwards after waiting for 3 minutes, and like this under the interaction of motor and sunlight, photovoltaic panel can both be followed the sun length by length and rotated from the east orientation west whole daytime, till The sun sinks in the west.Be input as 000 this moment, output Q 1a=0, Q 1b=0, night, photovoltaic panel was parked in the direction of being exposed to the west.
The weather that gets caught in a shower, G when raining 2, G 3Loss of gloss all, photovoltaic panel is slack, day fine after, G 3At first sensitization, similar sunrise in morning is counter-rotating like that earlier.Because the photodiode G of opposing installation 1And G 7(G 7Towards east, G 1Be exposed to the west), it is big that the sensitization difference becomes, and makes the differential amplification of YS be output as 1, D 2Forward conduction makes L 1=1, input state is 101, output state Q 1b=1, wait for J after 3 minutes 1bMust be electric, photovoltaic panel is just being changeed the scanning sun, works as G 2Stop immediately after the sensitization.After this under the interaction of motor and sunlight, the same sun of following length by length with usual weather continues to rotate from the east orientation west.
Two, vertical elevation angle drive circuit
Form (referring to shown in Figure 2) by input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit three parts.
Input circuit is by photodiode G 1, G 3, G 4, G 5, G 6With the inclination angle K switch 1, K 2, K 3And triode T 3, T 4, T 5, T 6Also have compositions such as operational amplifier YS, logical circuit is by not gate F 4, F 5, F 6, F 7, F 8, F 9, F 10With Y 7, Y 8, Y 9, Y 10, Y 11, Y 12, Y 13, Y 14And trigger CH 3, CH 4, CH 5Deng composition, output circuit is by T 9, T 10And relay J 2a, J 2bDeng composition.
The connection of I, circuit
1, input circuit
(1) triode T 5Collector electrode be one of the input I of logical circuit 1T 5Base stage meet photodiode G 1Positive pole, G 1Minus earth; T 5Base resistance 500K; Collector resistance 33K.T 5Grounded emitter.The inclination angle K switch 1Pass through D 1And G 1In parallel.
(2) triode T 6Collector electrode pass through diode D again 6Be two I of the input of logical circuit 2, T 6Base stage connect the inclination angle K switch 2An end, K 2Other end ground connection.T 6Grounded emitter.
(3) triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' be and door Y 6An input, T 3Base stage connect photodiode G 3Positive pole, G 3Minus earth; T 3Base resistance 500K; Collector resistance 33K; T 3Grounded emitter.The inclination angle K switch 3One termination I 3, another termination positive source.
(4) triode T 4Collector electrode be four I of the input of logical circuit 4T 4Base stage connect photodiode G 4Positive pole, G 4Minus earth; T 4Base resistance 500K; Collector resistance 33K; T 4Grounded emitter.The inclination angle K switch 1Pass through D 2And G 4In parallel.
(5) by operational amplifier YS and resistance R 30, R 31, R 32, R 33, R 34Form differential amplifier circuit, photosensitive tube G 6Through R 30Connect inverting input, G 5Through R 32Connect in-phase input end, differential output end is through D 10, D 11Meet I respectively 1And I 4G 5And G 6Opposing being installed on the small baffle, and G 5Up, G 6Down.
2, logical circuit
I 1Be connected to and door Y 7An input; I 1Pass through not gate F again 10Be connected to and door Y 13An input; I 2Through not gate F 6Be connected to and door Y 7Another input.I 2Be connected to Y again 13Another input; I 3Be connected to and door Y 10An input, be connected to again with the door Y 11An input; I 4Receive Y 10Another input, pass through not gate F again 8Be connected to Y 11Another input, pass through not gate F again 5, diode D 7Be connected to I 2The inclination angle K switch 3One termination I 3, another termination positive source.
I wherein 3Be and door Y 6Output.And triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' be Y 6An input, trigger CH 3Output Q 3Through not gate F 4After be Y 6Another input.Triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' another road be by CH 3, G 3, D 3Triggering input Deng the single stabilization delay circuit of forming.
With door Y 8Two inputs respectively and Y 7With Y 10Output connect.With door Y 8Output Q 2aOne the tunnel through R 35, C 35Integrating circuit is connected to and door Y 9An input, another road is by trigger CH 4, D 4, C 4Triggering input Deng the single stabilization delay circuit of forming.CH 4Output Q 4Through not gate F 7Be connected to Y 9Another input.
With door Y 12Two inputs respectively and Y 11And Y 13Output connect and Y 12Output Q 2bBe divided into two-way again, the one tunnel through R 36, C 36Integrating circuit is connected to and door Y 14An input; Another road is by trigger CH 5, C 5, D 5Triggering input Deng the single stabilization delay circuit of forming.CH 5Output Q 5Through not gate F 9Be connected to and door Y 14Another input.
Insert five delay circuits in logical circuit, wherein: (1) is by CH 3, C 3, D 3Deng 8 minutes delay circuits of composition; (2) by CH 4, C 4, D 4Deng 5 seconds delay circuits of composition; (3) by CH 5, C 5, D 5Deng 5 seconds delay circuits of composition; (4) by R 35, C 35, D 35, Y 8Form 1.5 seconds circuit of integration time-delay; (5) by R 36, C 36, D 36, Y 12Form 1.5 seconds circuit of integration time-delay.
3, output circuit
Triode T 9Collector connecting relay J 2aAn end, J 2aAnother termination positive source; Base stage is connected to and door Y by resistance 10K 9Output; Triode T 10Collector connection relay J 2bAn end, J 2bAnother termination positive source; Base stage is connected to and door Y by resistance 10K 14Output.T 9, T 10The equal ground connection of emitter.
Relay J 2aAnd J 2bNormally-closed contact be connected to the positive pole of power supply after being connected to each other again; After normally opened contact is connected to each other, be connected to the negative pole of power supply again.The release knob of two relays respectively with motor M 2Two inputs connect.
The operation principle of II, circuit (referring to shown in Figure 2)
As shown in Figure 4, the input signal of logical circuit has four, is respectively I 1, I 2, I 3And I 4, output signal has two, is respectively Q 2a, Q 2b, its logic function is as shown in table 2.Have only in the table when importing 0110 or 1011, just make output Q respectively 2b=1 or Q 2a=1, all the other Q 2aAnd Q 2bBe all 0.Work as Q 2b=1 o'clock, through CH 5After the monostable trigger-action circuit of forming delayed time about 5 seconds, J 2bMust be electric, M 2Counter-rotating drives the photovoltaic panel elevation angle and increases; Work as Q 2a=1 o'clock, through CH 4After the monostable trigger-action circuit of forming delayed time about 5 seconds, J 2aMust be electric, M 2Just change, drive the photovoltaic panel elevation angle and reduce.
Input signal I 3' from photosensitive tube G 3, G 3During sensitization, I 3'=1, and make CH 3Set (Q 3=1), (Q that just resets after delaying time about five minutes 3=0), because I 3 = Q ‾ 3 · I 3 ′ , So I 3Need just can make I through about five minutes 3=1.
Table 2 is the truth table of elevation angle tracking drive circuit vertically
Input Output
I 1 I 2 I 3 I 4 Q 2a Q 2b
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
After sunrise in morning, exposed G 3At first sensitization conducting, but G 1, G 4Sensitization not yet, I 1=0, I 4=0, and I 2 = I ‾ 4 = 1 , After 8 minutes, be input as 0110, output Q 2b=1, counter-rotating after photovoltaic panel is waited for 5 seconds, the elevation angle increases.Work as G 1During sensitization, input becomes 1110, output Q 2b=0, photovoltaic panel stopped through 1.5 seconds.Then, because the sun continues rising, through after a few minutes, G 1Loss of gloss, input becomes 0110 again, and output becomes Q 2b=1, counter-rotating after photovoltaic panel is waited for 5 seconds once more, the elevation angle further increases a slight angle.Like this, under the interaction of motor and sunlight, input signal 0110 and 1110 appearance that circulates repeatedly, output Q 2bAlso can alternately occur with 1 and 0, photovoltaic panel will be followed the rising of the sun length by length, and its elevation angle little by little increases.Cross meridian (after noon) up to the sun and transfer the whereabouts to by rising, G 1After the sensitization, also make G again 4Sensitization.At this moment, be input as 1011, output Q 2a=1, just becoming after photovoltaic panel is waited for 5 seconds changes.After the elevation angle reduces a slight angle, make G 4Loss of gloss, I 4=0, input becomes 1110, output Q 2a=0, photovoltaic panel stopped through 1.5 seconds.After the sun continues to fall a few minutes again, make G again 4Again sensitization, input becomes 1011 again, and photovoltaic panel is waited for 5 seconds again, just changes once more, and the elevation angle further reduces a slight angle.Like this, under the interaction of motor and sunlight, the whereabouts that photovoltaic panel is just followed the sun length by length reduces the elevation angle bit by bit, till The sun sinks in the west.Night photovoltaic panel be parked in the position of elevation angle minimum before sunrise in second day.
The weather that gets caught in a shower, when raining the morning, G 3, G 1, G 4Equal loss of gloss, photovoltaic panel is slack, after it is fine, G 3At first sensitization after 8 minutes, is input as 0110, output Q 2b=1, after waiting for 5 seconds again, photovoltaic panel begins counter-rotating, and be inverted to always and make G 1The sensitization input becomes 1110 and stopped after 1.5 seconds.The sun raises again subsequently, and a few minutes make G again 1Loss of gloss input becomes 0110 again, waits for 5 seconds after, photovoltaic panel begins again to reverse and increases a slight elevation angle, with the normal the same sun of following the tracks of length by length of weather.When raining in the afternoon, photovoltaic panel is slack.After it is fine, G 3At first sensitization, and because the sun one section height that fallen makes G 5And G 6The sensitization difference become big, after the differential amplification of YS, be output as 1, make diode D 10And D 11Forward conduction makes I respectively 1And I 4Equal 1, this moment, input became 1011, Q 2a=1, photovoltaic panel begins just to change after waiting for 5 seconds, reduces a slight elevation angle, and is also the same with normal weather, follows the tracks of the sun length by length.
Run into strong wind weather, when wind-force surpasses more than six grades, the baffle plate of measuring wind-force is blown inclination, the inclination angle K switch 1Closure makes I 1=1, I 4=1, at this moment be input as 1011, output Q 2a=1, photovoltaic panel is just changeed K when the photovoltaic panel face down after waiting for 5 seconds 2Closure is input as 1111, and photovoltaic panel stopped after 1.5 seconds.Can prevent the excessive destruction photovoltaic panel of wind-force like this.
Run into heavy rain or heavy snow weather, G 1, G 3, G 4Equal loss of gloss, the baffle plate of measuring sleet pressure sinks the inclination angle K switch 1, K 3All closed, make I 1=1, I 3=1, I 4=1, be input as 1011, output Q 2a=1, photovoltaic panel is just changeed after waiting for 5 seconds, when the photovoltaic panel face down, and K 2Closure is input as 1111, and photovoltaic panel stopped after 1.5 seconds, can prevent that like this sleet from crossing the front of large impact photovoltaic panel.Though the photovoltaic panel face down, day fine back or sunrise in morning in second day are at photosensitive tube G 3After the sensitization 8 minutes since with door Y 15Two-way input be 1, so its output also is 1, relay J 2cMust be electric, electric heater R aEnergized is with the ice dissolution on the baffle plate of measurement sleet pressure.Pressure baffle gos up, the inclination angle K switch 1, K 3All disconnect, make the electric heater outage, and make and be input as 0110, output Q 2a=1, counter-rotating was up to G after photovoltaic panel was waited for 5 seconds 1Sensitization.And then follow the tracks of the sun length by length.
In order to safeguard and to debug conveniently, increase A ZPrevent and A FRotate and reverse hand push button, and the focusing indication is arranged.
The utility model is to realize round-the-clock, the three-dimensional automatic tracking sun according to photovoltaic panel; and uprising wind, rain, snow are arranged and the control needs of protection automatically; use multiple detection signal; through digitized processing; carry out three or four codings,, send corresponding instruction by decoding circuit in each stage of controlling automatically; the control photovoltaic panel is made corresponding motion, thereby the safe and reliable solar energy that utilizes fully improves generating efficiency.
In a word, this tracking system not only under normal weather, can realize making the round-the-clock omnibearing three-dimensional tracking sun of photovoltaic panel, but also possess the function that prevents by strong wind and sleet destruction.

Claims (3)

1. automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator, it is characterized in that: this control circuit is made up of the two large divisions, and the one, the level orientation angle-tracing circuit; The 2nd, vertical elevation angle tracking circuit, level orientation angle-tracing circuit and vertical elevation angle tracking circuit drive DC motor M separately 1And M 2Level orientation angle-tracing circuit and vertical elevation angle tracking circuit are made up of separately input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit respectively, wherein, the input of input circuit is by the photodiode and the detected signal of telecommunication of inclination angle switch, be connected to the coding side of logical circuit after the digitlization in addition, and then according to the needs of real-time control, through the decoding circuit decoding and the output corresponding instruction of logical circuit, be connected to output circuit at last, thereby by the rotation of output circuit control motor with turn to.
2. automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the horizontal azimuth drive circuit is made up of input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit three parts, and input circuit includes photodiode G 1, G 2, G 3, G 7With triode T 1, T 2And operational amplifier YS forms; Logical circuit includes not gate F 1, F 2, F 3, F 4With door Y 1, Y 2, Y 3, Y 4, Y 5With rest-set flip-flop CH 1, CH 2Output circuit includes triode T 7, T 8And relay J 1a, J 1b
Triode T in the input circuit 2Base stage connect photodiode G 2Positive pole, photodiode G 2Minus earth; Triode T 3Base stage connect photodiode G 3Positive pole, photodiode G 3Minus earth, triode T 2, T 3The equal ground connection of emitter; Form differential amplifier circuit, photodiode G by operational amplifier YS etc. 1Pass through resistance R 7Connect inverting input, photodiode G 7Pass through resistance R 9Connect in-phase input end, output is by diode D 3Be connected to the input L of logical circuit 1
The input L of logical circuit 2Be triode T 2Collector electrode, another input L of logical circuit 3Be triode T 3Collector electrode, the input L of logical circuit 2Through not gate F 2Back one tunnel is connected to and door Y 1An input, another road be connected to the door Y 4An input, the input L of logical circuit 3A road respectively and with door Y 2, Y 5Input connect, another road is by rest-set flip-flop CH 1, capacitor C 1, diode D 1The triggering input of the single stabilization delay circuit of forming, rest-set flip-flop CH 1Output Q 1Through not gate F 4After be connected to an input L of logical circuit 1, and the input L of logical circuit 1A road be connected to the door Y 4Another input, another road is through not gate F 1Be connected to the door Y 1Another go into end, with door Y 1Output be connected to the door Y 2Another input, with door Y 2Output be Q 1aWith door Y 5Output Q 1bDivide two-way, the one road and with door Y 3Input connect, another road is by rest-set flip-flop CH 2, capacitor C 2, diode D 23 minutes the triggering input of forming of single stabilization delay circuit time-delay; Rest-set flip-flop CH 2Output Q 2Through not gate F 3With with door Y 3Another input connect, with door Y 5Another input and with door Y 4Output connect;
Triode T in the output circuit 7Collector connection relay J 1aAn end, relay J 1aAnother termination power V CCPositive pole; Triode T 7Base stage through resistance be connected to the door Y 2Output; Triode T 7Grounded emitter, triode T 8Collector connection relay J 1bAn end, relay J 1bAnother termination positive source; Triode T 8Base stage through resistance be connected to the door Y 3Output; Triode T 8Grounded emitter, relay J 1aAnd J 1bNormally-closed contact be connected to each other after, be connected to positive source again, after their normally opened contact is connected to each other, be connected to the negative pole of power supply again, relay J 1aAnd J 1bRelease knob respectively with motor M 1Two inputs connect.
3. automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: vertically elevation angle drive circuit is made up of input circuit, logical circuit and output circuit three parts, and input circuit includes photodiode G 1, G 3, G 4, G 5, G 6With the inclination angle K switch 1, K 2, K 3And triode T 3, T 4, T 5, T 6Also have operational amplifier YS, logical circuit includes not gate F 4, F 5, F 6, F 7, F 8, F 9, F 10With with door Y 7, Y 8, Y 9, Y 10, Y 11, Y 12, Y 13, Y 14And trigger CH 3, CH 4, CH 5, output circuit includes triode T 9, T 10And relay J 2a, J 2b
The triode T of input circuit 5Collector electrode be one of the input I of logical circuit 1, triode T 5Base stage meet photodiode G 1Positive pole, photodiode G 1Minus earth; Triode T 5Grounded emitter, the inclination angle K switch 1By diode D 1With photodiode G 1Parallel connection, triode T 6Collector electrode pass through diode D again 6Be two I of the input of logical circuit 2, triode T 6Base stage connect the inclination angle K switch 2An end, the inclination angle K switch 2Other end ground connection, triode T 6Grounded emitter, triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' be and door Y 6An input, triode T 3Base stage connect photodiode G 3Positive pole, photodiode G 3Minus earth; Triode T 3Grounded emitter, the inclination angle K switch 3The input I of one termination logical circuit 3, another termination positive source, triode T 4Collector electrode be four I of the input of logical circuit 4, triode T 4Base stage connect photodiode G 4Positive pole, photodiode G 4Minus earth; Triode T 4Grounded emitter, the inclination angle K switch 1By diode D 2With photodiode G 4Parallel connection is by operational amplifier YS and resistance R 30, R 31, R 32, R 33, R 34Form differential amplifier circuit, photodiode G 6Through resistance R 30Connect inverting input, photodiode G 5Through resistance R 32Connect in-phase input end, differential output end is through diode D 10, D 11Meet the input I of logical circuit respectively 1And I 4Photodiode G 5And G 6Opposing being installed on the small baffle, and photodiode G 5Up, photodiode G 6Down;
The input I of logical circuit 1Be connected to and door Y 7An input; The input I of logical circuit 1Pass through not gate F again 10Be connected to and door Y 13An input; The input I of logical circuit 2Through not gate F 6Be connected to and door Y 7Another input; The input I of logical circuit 2Be connected to again and door Y 13Another input; The input I of logical circuit 3Be connected to and door Y 10An input, be connected to again with the door Y 11An input; The input I of logical circuit 4Receive and door Y 10Another input, pass through not gate F again 8Be connected to and door Y 11Another input, pass through not gate F again 5, diode D 7Be connected to the input I of logical circuit 2The inclination angle K switch 3The input I of one termination logical circuit 3, another termination positive source, wherein the input I of logical circuit 3Be and door Y 6Output, and triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' be and door Y 6An input, trigger CH 3Output Q 3Through not gate F 4After be and door Y 6Another input, triode T 3Collector electrode I 3' another road be by trigger CH 3, capacitor C 3, diode D 3The triggering input of the single stabilization delay circuit of forming is with door Y 8Two inputs respectively and with door Y 7, with the door Y 10Output connect, with door Y 8Output Q 2aOne the tunnel through resistance R 35, capacitor C 35Integrating circuit is connected to and door Y 9An input, another road is by trigger CH 4, diode D 4, capacitor C 4The triggering input of the single stabilization delay circuit of forming, trigger CH 4Output Q 4Through not gate F 7Be connected to and door Y 9Another input, with door Y 12Two inputs respectively and with door Y 11, with the door Y 13Output connect, and with door Y 12Output Q 2bBe divided into two-way again, the one tunnel through resistance R 36, capacitor C 36Integrating circuit is connected to and door Y 14An input; Another road is by trigger CH 5, capacitor C 5, diode D 5The triggering input of the single stabilization delay circuit of forming, trigger CH 5Output Q 5Through not gate F 9Be connected to and door Y 14Another input.
CN2009200558205U 2009-04-30 2009-04-30 Automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator Expired - Fee Related CN201550043U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101697081B (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-07-13 常州佳讯光电系统工程有限公司 Solar slit tracking device
CN101546971B (en) * 2009-04-30 2011-09-07 王琼标 Automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator
CN103645747A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-19 廖冕 Simulation control circuit for realizing automatic sun tracking function of photovoltaic support
CN103825546A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-05-28 江苏福克斯新能源科技有限公司 Solar power generation device control system with solar power generation device arranged on roof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101546971B (en) * 2009-04-30 2011-09-07 王琼标 Automatic tracking control circuit of solar generator
CN101697081B (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-07-13 常州佳讯光电系统工程有限公司 Solar slit tracking device
CN103645747A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-19 廖冕 Simulation control circuit for realizing automatic sun tracking function of photovoltaic support
CN103825546A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-05-28 江苏福克斯新能源科技有限公司 Solar power generation device control system with solar power generation device arranged on roof

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