CN201527343U - Automobile steering system performance test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a performance test device for an automobile steering system, which comprises a steering simulation system, an axial loading system, a suspension simulation system and an automobile steering system. The loading system simulates the steering load and loads it to the automobile steering system (composed of steering column, steering gear, tie rod and simulated steering knuckle) through the Bell mechanism. The suspension simulation system simulates the beating of the wheels when the vehicle is running. The performance test device of the automobile steering system of the utility model is used for testing and testing the steering performance of the automobile steering system under various driving conditions, such as full rotation angle, transmission ratio characteristics, transmission gap characteristics, transmission efficiency characteristics, rotational torque and rigidity test , the relationship between steering performance and suspension runout and other kinematic and mechanical parameters testing and experimentation. The utility model directly simulates the load of the steering wheel on the steering system through the Bell mechanism, and the test result is closer to the real working condition.

Description

Automobile steering system performance test device

technical field

The utility model relates to an automobile test device, in particular to an automobile steering system performance test device.

Background technique

Automobile steering system is an important part to ensure that the automobile turns or keeps stable according to the will of the driver, and its performance directly affects the safety and maneuverability of the automobile. Therefore, the performance test of the automobile steering system is of great significance to the determination of the design parameters of the steering gear and the reliability of the performance of the steering gear. Existing test bench products are for component testing of mechanical rack and pinion steering gear, hydraulic power steering gear and electric power steering gear respectively. There is no steering gear test bench common to all three, nor is there a test bench for steering system. The existing steering gear assembly test bench is for the three-axis performance test of the steering gear, and mostly adopts unidirectional axial loading. The test cannot completely simulate the actual working conditions of the steering gear, and cannot reflect the components composed of the steering gear and the steering knuckle. The system performance of the steering system cannot reflect the performance of the steering system under the suspension up and down jump and driving load. The parameters tested have large errors or are quite different from the actual working process. The test object is single and separated from the performance of the steering system. The test items There are also few, such as the comprehensive performance test benches of different types of rack and pinion hydraulic power steering machines and the comprehensive performance test benches of automobile electric power steering machines produced by many domestic manufacturers. Although, many technicians have carried out different degrees of research on this, and proposed many new designs, such as Chinese patent 03278430.9 "a kind of loading device for variable load test bench of automobile steering gear assembly", which adopts the loading device to replace the existing technology Loading box, in order to realize the purpose of expanding function, its effect is only to the improvement of loading method.

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a performance test device for an automobile steering system, which is used for the performance test and evaluation of the automobile steering system in the state of loading and driving, and for the performance test of the automobile steering system. R&D and product validation for performance design and state analysis of automotive steering components. Not only can it simulate the axial and vertical loading of road conditions, but also the loading test is more realistic, providing more comprehensive and reliable testing data for performance testing of automotive steering systems, performance analysis of automotive steering components, and product verification, improvement, and research and development.

The vehicle steering system performance test device provided by the utility model includes a steering simulation system, an axial loading system, a suspension simulation system and an automobile steering system. The axial loading system transmits the load applied by the axial loading system through the BELL mechanism. to the car steering system.

Further, the steering simulation system includes a steering wheel, a steering wheel, a speed reducer, a motor connected to the speed reducer, a clutch, a brake, a torque sensor, an encoder 1 and a spline shaft, and the steering wheel, the speed reducer, the clutch and the brake are from top to bottom Installed on the direction shaft in turn, the speed reducer and the direction shaft are in clearance fit, the speed reducer is connected to the clutch through the connecting plate, the torque sensor is connected to the end of the direction shaft through the coupling I, and the end of the encoder I is connected to the torque through the coupling II. The sensor is connected, and the other end is connected to the spline shaft through the coupling III; the spline shaft is connected to the steering gear through the steering column and the steering universal joint in turn;

Further, the axial loading system includes a left axial loading system and a right axial loading system with the same structure and arranged on both sides of the steering gear. The left axial loading system and the right axial loading system respectively include power cylinders I, A force sensor and an axial loading shaft, the power output end of the power cylinder I is connected to the force sensor through a coupling IV, one end of the axial loading shaft is connected to the force sensor, and the other end is sequentially connected to the BELL mechanism through a ball joint and a pull rod;

Further, the suspension simulation system includes a left suspension simulation system and a right suspension simulation system with the same structure and arranged below the steering gear, and the left suspension simulation system and the right suspension simulation system respectively include a vertical loading shaft, an encoding The encoder II and the power cylinder II, the encoder II are emptied on the vertical loading shaft and fixed on the support plate; the support plate is installed on the vertical loading shaft through the bearing, and the support plate is arranged on the two rods of the BELL mechanism; The vertical loading shaft is connected with the piston rod of the power cylinder II through the coupling V;

Further, it also includes an adjustable clamp, which includes a clamp base with a T-shaped slot, an installation connecting plate and a detachable centering device, and the installation connecting plate and the detachable centering device are arranged on the T-shaped In the groove, the steering gear is positioned on the detachable centering device through the rack shaft and fixed on the fixture base by installing the connecting plate. The rack shaft is connected with the BELL mechanism through the ball joint and the tie rod in turn, and fixed on the rack shaft. Equipped with a linear displacement sensor;

Further, it also includes a three-axis displacement mechanism, the three-axis displacement mechanism includes a vertical axis, a horizontal transverse axis and a horizontal longitudinal axis whose positions are mutually adjustable, and the three-axis displacement mechanism is arranged on the mounting plate in a position-adjustable manner; The column is connected to the vertical shaft through an angle-adjustable detachable mounting plate, which can slide vertically relative to the steering column, and can also slide relative to the horizontal transverse axis and horizontal longitudinal axis;

Further, the steering column includes hardware installation locations and test interfaces for hydraulic power steering system HPS and electric power steering system EPS systems for testing the performance of HPS and EPS;

Further, the bottom of the support plate is provided with an elastic element, and the support plate is arranged on the two rods of the BELL mechanism through the elastic element;

Further, the power cylinder I is arranged in the T-shaped slot of the installation base plate in an axially adjustable manner.

Beneficial effects of the utility model: Compared with the existing experimental equipment, the performance test device of the automobile steering system of the present utility model not only has the full rotation angle of the input shaft of the steering system in the automobile steering system, transmission ratio characteristics, transmission gap characteristics, and transmission efficiency characteristics. , rotational torque, rigidity test, vertical runout, steering angle of the left and right wheels under various working conditions and other parameters to provide more reliable guarantee, and also has the following advantages:

1. The Bell mechanism is adopted for axial loading instead of the original axial direct loading. The force exerted by the axial loading system is transmitted to the steering gear through the Bell mechanism and other forces. The test results are more real and reliable, and the overall structure is more compact;

2. The hardware installation location and test interface of the hydraulic power steering system HPS and the electric power steering system EPS system are reserved for the performance testing of HPS and EPS;

3. The power device adopts electric instead of the original hydraulic and pneumatic devices, which is convenient for testing, accurate and reliable, and low in cost;

4. The installation of the steering shaft adopts a three-axis displacement mechanism, which makes it more convenient to install and debug. When testing the steering gear of different models, the installation of the steering gear is as similar as possible to the loading method; the steering gear body is clamped by an adjustable fixture. Ensure that its position during the test is accurate and reliable, and it is easy to adjust; all parts on the mounting plate that need to be adjusted when testing different types of steering gears adopt the structure of a slide table or a guide rail plus a screw rod, and adjust them electrically or manually. Position; In the structural design of the suspension, elastic elements are used to play a role in damping vibration.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the utility model.

The structure represented by the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings is as follows:

1-direction shaft 2-steering wheel 3-reducer 4-motor 5-connection plate 6-clutch 7-brake 8-torque sensor 9-encoder I 10-spline shaft 11-steering column 12-linear displacement sensor 13-power Cylinder I 14-Coupling IV 15-Force sensor 16-Axial loading shaft 17-Guide rail 18-Sliding seat 19-Tie rod 20-BELL mechanism 21-Vertical loading shaft 22-Encoder II 23-Support plate 24-Bearing 25 -Linear bearing 26-mounting seat 27-elastic element 28-connecting bracket 29-coupling V 30-power II31-coupling I 32-coupling II 33-coupling III 34-steering gear 35-fixture base 36-Installing the connecting plate 37-Centering device 38-Tie rod 39-Bracket 40-Bracket 41-Bracket 42-Bracket 43-Rack shaft 44-Installing the bottom plate 45-Bottom plate 46-Three-axis displacement mechanism 47- Removable mounting plate 48-screw 49-steering universal joint

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Accompanying drawing is the structure diagram of the present utility model, as shown in the figure: automobile steering system performance test device comprises steering simulation system, axial loading system, suspension simulation system and automobile steering system, and axial loading system passes through BELL mechanism 20 (i.e. steering Joint) transmits the loading force applied by the axial loading system to the rack shaft 43 of the automobile steering system (composed of the steering column 11, the steering universal joint 49, the steering gear 34, the tie rod 38 and the simulated steering knuckle). The BELL mechanism 20 is composed of two rods of equal length fixedly connected at 90°. One end of the BELL mechanism 20 is connected to the steering gear 34 through the ball joint and the tie rod 38 in turn, and the other end is connected to the tie rod 19 of the axial loading system through the ball joint in turn. . The loading force applied by the axial loading system is transmitted to the axial direction of the rack shaft 43 of the steering gear 34 through the BELL mechanism 20, so that the simulated axial loading system is more realistic and the test data is more accurate.

The steering simulation system includes a steering shaft 1, a steering wheel 2, a reducer 3, a motor 4 connected to the reducer 3, a connection plate 5, a clutch 6, a brake 7, a torque sensor 8, an encoder 19, a spline shaft 10 and a mounting plate . The steering wheel 2 is installed on the steering shaft 1; the reducer 3 is mounted on the steering shaft 1, and is installed on the support 40 with a stopper and screws, and the reducer 3 is connected with the clutch 6 through the connecting plate 5; the clutch 6 and the brake 7 are installed On the direction shaft 1, it is fixed on the mounting plate 47 with screws; the direction shaft 1 is installed on the support 39 and the support 40, and the torque sensor 8 is connected with the end of the direction shaft 1 by the coupling I 31; The device I 9 is installed on the support 41 and the support 42, one end is connected with the torque sensor 8 through the coupling II 32, and the other end is connected with the spline shaft 10 through the coupling III 33; the spline shaft 10 is connected with the steering column 11 Connection; the steering column 11 is connected with the steering gear 34 through the steering universal joint 49 . The whole steering simulation system is installed on the detachable mounting plate 47 through the support 39 , the support 40 , the support 41 and the support 42 .

The axial loading system includes a left axial loading system and a right axial loading system with the same structure and arranged on both sides of the steering gear 34, and the left axial loading system and the right axial loading system respectively include a power cylinder I13 and a shaft coupling IV14 , Force sensor 15, axial loading shaft 16, guide rail 17, slide seat 18, pull rod 19 and installation base plate 44. The power cylinder I 13 is installed in the T-shaped groove of the installation base plate 44, and can be adjusted axially, and its power output end is threaded with the coupling IV14; the two ends of the force sensor 15 are respectively threaded and installed on the sliding seat 18 is connected to the axial loading shaft 16, and the sliding seat 18 can slide axially on the guide rail 17 installed on the bottom plate 45; the axial loading shaft 16 is connected with the BELL mechanism 20 through the ball joint and the pull rod 19 in turn, and the BELL mechanism 20 is in turn It is connected to the rack shaft 43 of the steering gear 34 via a ball joint and a tie rod 38 .

The suspension simulation system includes a left suspension simulation system and a right suspension simulation system with the same structure and arranged below the steering gear. The left suspension simulation system and the right suspension simulation system respectively include a vertical loading shaft 21, an encoder II 22, a support plate 23. Bearing 24, linear bearing 25, mounting seat 26, elastic element 27, connecting bracket 28, shaft coupling V 29 and power cylinder II 30. Encoder II 22 is set empty on the vertical loading shaft 21, and fixed on the support plate 23 with screws; the support plate 23 is installed on the vertical loading shaft 21 through the bearing 24, and the bottom of the support plate 23 is provided with an elastic element 27, and the support plate 23 Installed on the two bars of the BELL mechanism 20 through the elastic element 27, the support plate 23 can move up and down relative to the two bars of the BELL mechanism 20; two linear bearings 25 are installed back to back in the holes of the mounting seat 26, and the mounting seat 26 uses screws Installed on the mounting plate, its position can be adjusted by moving left and right; the coupling V 29 is respectively connected with the vertical loading shaft 21 passing through the inner hole of the linear bearing 25 and the piston rod of the power cylinder II 30 through the threads at both ends; the power cylinder II 30 It is installed on the lower end of the connecting bracket 28 by screws, and the connecting bracket 28 is suspended below the mounting base 26 by screws.

The steering gear of this embodiment is set on the adjustable fixture, and the adjustable fixture includes a fixture base 35 with a T-shaped slot, an installation connecting plate 36 and a detachable centering device 37, and the installation connecting plate 36 and a detachable centering device The device 37 is set in the T-shaped slot. The steering gear is positioned on the detachable centering device 37 through the rack shaft 43 and fixed on the clamp base 35 through the installation connecting plate 36. The rack shaft 43 passes through the ball joint and the tie rod in turn. 38 is connected with the BELL mechanism 20, and the linear displacement sensor 12 is fixedly arranged on the rack shaft 43. When the rack shaft 43 receives the force exerted by the axial loading system, it will move linearly in the axial direction, and the linear displacement sensor 12 is used to detect the axial displacement of the rack shaft 43 .

This embodiment also adopts a three-axis displacement mechanism 46 to adjust the installation position of the direction axis 1. The three-axis displacement mechanism 46 includes a vertical axis, a horizontal horizontal axis, and a horizontal longitudinal axis whose positions are mutually adjustable, and is arranged in a position-adjustable manner. Installed on the flat plate; the steering column 11 is connected to the vertical shaft through an angle-adjustable detachable mounting plate 47, which can slide vertically relative to the steering column 11, and can also slide relative to the horizontal transverse axis and the horizontal longitudinal axis; the three-axis displacement mechanism 46 adopts screw 48 to be connected and installed on the mounting plate, and its position can be adjusted and moved on the mounting plate. It is more convenient to use the three-axis displacement mechanism 46 to install and adjust the position of the direction axis 1. When testing the steering gears of different models, the steering gear installation should be as identical as possible with the loading method.

The steering column 11 is provided with hardware installation locations and test interfaces for the hydraulic power steering system HPS and the electric resistance steering system EPS system for testing the performance of the HPS and EPS. Connect the hydraulic power steering system HPS and electric resistance steering system EPS system at the hardware installation position and test interface to detect input and output characteristics, assist current characteristics, reverse impact indicators, no-load rotational torque, return characteristics and other performances.

Use the automobile steering system performance test device to simulate the driving conditions of the automobile steering system. Each axis can simulate the driving resistance and road conditions under various conditions, and each simulation device is equipped with various sensors. Each axis needs to be tested. Data (pressure, torque, angle, displacement, etc.) are continuously measured and analyzed through sensors. Direction axis 1 is the steering simulation system used to simulate the motion control of the steering wheel of the car; the left and right axial simulation loading systems on both sides of the steering gear are used to simulate the steering resistance control of the road facing the steering system of the car; the left and right vertical directions below the steering gear The suspension simulation system is used to simulate the vertical movement control of the vehicle steering system by the driving conditions of the tires on different road conditions.

This device is used for the performance test and evaluation of the steering system of the automobile in the state of loading and driving, further testing, analyzing and testing the steering angle, transmission ratio, transmission efficiency, transmission clearance characteristics and other kinematic and mechanical parameters of the steering gear , mainly used for the R&D and product verification of automobile steering system, such as the design and verification of steering mechanism parameters, steering suspension mechanism parameters and steering gear performance parameters; used for automotive steering system components, such as steering columns, universal joints, steering gears , performance design and state analysis of tie rods, steering knuckles and ball joints.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the utility model can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the utility model shall be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. device for testing performance of automotive steering system, comprise turning to simulation system, axial loading system, suspension simulation system and automotive steering, it is characterized in that: described axial loading system is fastened the loading transfer that axial loading system applied by BELL mechanism (20) to motor turning.

2. device for testing performance of automotive steering system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described simulation system that turns to comprises axis of orientation (1), bearing circle (2), speed reduction unit (3), the motor (4) that is connected with speed reduction unit (3), clutch coupling (6), brake (7), torque sensor (8), scrambler I (9) and splined shaft (10), bearing circle (2), speed reduction unit (3), clutch coupling (6) and brake (7) are installed on the axis of orientation (1) from top to bottom successively, speed reduction unit (3) and axis of orientation (1) clearance fit, speed reduction unit (3) is connected with clutch coupling (6) by terminal pad (5), torque sensor (8) is connected with the end of axis of orientation (1) by shaft coupling I (31), scrambler I (9) one ends are connected with torque sensor (8) by shaft coupling II (32), and the other end is connected with splined shaft (10) by shaft coupling III (33); Splined shaft (10) is connected with steering gear (34) with steering universal joint (49) by steering column (11) successively.

3. device for testing performance of automotive steering system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described axial loading system comprises that structure is identical and is arranged on the left axial loading system and the right axial loading system of steering gear (34) both sides, described left axial loading system and right axial loading system comprise power cylinder I (13) respectively, force transducer (15) and axially loading spool (16), the clutch end of described power cylinder I (13) is connected with force transducer (15) by shaft coupling IV (14), axially load axle (16) one ends and be connected with force transducer (15), the other end is connected with BELL mechanism (20) with pull bar (19) by spherojoint successively.

4. device for testing performance of automotive steering system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described suspension simulation system comprises that structure is identical and the left suspension simulation system and the right suspension simulation system of the below of steering gear (34) is set, described left suspension simulation system and right suspension simulation system comprise vertical loading axle (21), scrambler II (22) and power cylinder II (30) respectively, and scrambler II (22) sky is enclosed within vertical loading axle (21) and goes up and be fixedly installed on the support plate (23); Described support plate (23) is installed on the vertical loading axle (21) by bearing (24), and support plate (23) is arranged on two bars of BELL mechanism (20); Described vertical loading axle (21) is connected with the piston rod of power cylinder II (30) by shaft coupling V (29).

5. according to the described device for testing performance of automotive steering system of each claim in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: also comprise flexible jig, described flexible jig comprises the clamp base (35) that has T-slot, web joint (36) and dismountable centring means (37) are installed, described installation web joint (36) and dismountable centring means (37) are arranged in the T-slot, steering gear (34) is gone up at dismountable centring means (37) by rack shaft (43) and is located and be fixed on the clamp base (35) by web joint (36) is installed, rack shaft (43) is connected with BELL mechanism (20) with drag link (38) by spherojoint successively, is fixed with linear displacement transducer (12) on rack shaft (43).

6. device for testing performance of automotive steering system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: also comprise three-shaft displacement mechanism (46), described three-shaft displacement mechanism (46) comprises the mutual adjustable vertical axes in position, horizontal cross axle and horizontal longitudinal axis, and three-shaft displacement mechanism (46) is arranged on the installation flat board in the mode of position-adjustable; Steering column (11) is connected on the vertical axes by the whole detachable installing plate (47) of adjustable angle, and steering column (11) vertically slides relatively, and also horizontal cross axle and horizontal longitudinal axis slide relatively.

7. device for testing performance of automotive steering system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: including the hydraulic power steering that is used to test HPS and EPS performance on the described steering column (11) is that HPS and electric power steering are the hardware installation site and the test interface of EPS system.

8. device for testing performance of automotive steering system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the bottom of described support plate (23) is provided with flexible member (27), and support plate (23) is arranged on two bars of BELL mechanism (20) by flexible member (27).

9. device for testing performance of automotive steering system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described power cylinder I (13) is arranged in the T-slot that base plate (44) is installed in axial adjustable mode.

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