CN201514439U - Differential Hall current sensor - Google Patents
Differential Hall current sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201514439U CN201514439U CN2009202397706U CN200920239770U CN201514439U CN 201514439 U CN201514439 U CN 201514439U CN 2009202397706 U CN2009202397706 U CN 2009202397706U CN 200920239770 U CN200920239770 U CN 200920239770U CN 201514439 U CN201514439 U CN 201514439U
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- current sensor
- linear hall
- hall
- hall elements
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a differential Hall current sensor, which comprises a shell; an opening annular iron core is arranged in the shell; a Hall assembly is embedded at the opening of the iron core; the Hall assembly comprises two linear Hall elements with the same structure and type. The character marking surfaces of the two linear Hall elements are opposite, and the sensitive surfaces of the two linear Hall elements are right opposite, are pasted and are fixedly connected together; the anode input ends of the two linear Hall elements are electrically connected together to serve as the anode input end of the current sensor; the cathode input ends of the two linear Hall elements are electrically connected together to serve as the cathode input end of the current sensor; and the two signal output ends of the two linear Hall elements serve as the signal output ends of the current sensor. The current sensor has the advantages of restraining common-mode interference, lowering temperature drift, reducing static output and increasing signal amplitude, can bring the positive effect of omitting a temperature compensation measure and increasing the measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to sensing technology and field of measuring technique, is specifically related to a kind of differential type Hall current sensor.
Background technology
Traditional open loop type Hall current sensor comprises shell, and opening ring-type iron core is housed in the shell, and the opening part of iron core is inlaid with linear hall element (abbreviation Hall element), establishes the interface of connection terminal in shell is provided with, and Hall element is electrically connected with connection terminal.Variation of temperature can cause the output of Hall element to produce drift, influences its measuring accuracy and the linearity, and therefore, Hall current sensor need carry out complicated temperature compensation and linearity correction.The method of indemnifying measure and linearity correction is a lot, concludes and gets up roughly to be divided into circuit compensation, software compensation and multi-sensor fusion technology compensation.Though these technical methods have to a certain degree improved the stability and the measuring accuracy of sensor, the implementation method complexity, cost height, precision are low, and the self-characteristic that does not make full use of Hall element realizes that self compensation proofreaies and correct.
The circuit compensation method generally adopts temperature sensor sampling environment temperature, carries out temperature compensation and linearity correction by signal processing circuit, in the measuring accuracy of to a certain degree having improved sensor.But dissimilar semiconductor devices, temperature characterisitic are difficult to guarantee consistance, may cause compensating distortion.
The software compensation method is by application software Hall current sensor to be carried out temperature compensation and linearity correction, and compensation principle is according to theoretical model and experimental data measurement result to be revised, and has saved circuit compensation.But software compensation is often pointed, to the coherence request height of Hall current sensor, is difficult to guarantee unified.Sensor itself is not had a compensate function, does not have a versatility.
The multi-sensor fusion technology penalty method is more complicated, by current sensor and temperature sensor associated working, obtain electric current and temperature information, carry out numerical value by application software and merge, measurement data is revised in real time and is compensated, also have the shortcoming of software compensation.
The closed-loop type Hall current sensor then is to adopt zero magnetic flux to detect principle, utilize Hall element to detect residual flux, by the technical method of magnetic balance, obtain the size of electric current to be measured by balancing circuitry, be the technological improvement on the basis of open loop type Hall current sensor.Phase divided ring type has improved accuracy of detection, but there is the zero point drift phenomenon equally in the closed-loop type Hall current sensor, realizes the technical method complexity during big current detecting, involves great expense.
The utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is at above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of differential type Hall current sensor is provided, can suppress temperature drift and common mode interference from the signal source, realize the linearization conversion of electric current to be measured and signal voltage, save complicated compensation and corrective action, improve the linearity and the measuring accuracy of current sensor.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of differential type Hall current sensor of following structure, comprise shell, the iron core of opening ring-type is housed in the shell, its design feature is: the opening part of described iron core is inlaid with Hall subassembly, Hall subassembly is made of two identical linear hall elements of structure model, two linear hall element character denotation faces are opposite, sensitive area over against and being fixed together of pasting mutually; The electrode input end of two linear hall elements is electrically connected as the electrode input end of current sensor, the negative input of two linear hall elements is electrically connected as the negative input of current sensor, and two signal output parts of two linear hall elements are as the signal output part of current sensor.
The current sensor of said structure, its Hall subassembly is made of two identical linear hall elements of structure model, two linear hall element character denotation faces are opposite, sensitive area over against and being fixed together of pasting mutually; Two linear hall elements constitute the differential type Hall subassembly with the mode output signal voltage of difference, and self can suppress common-mode signal and temperature drift the differential type Hall subassembly, has the characteristics of self compensation and linearity correction, has improved the output linearity; The Hall subassembly output voltage is the twice of a hall element output voltage, has improved amplitude output signal.Thereby make and the utlity model has the inhibition common mode interference, reduce temperature drift, reduce static output, increase the advantage of signal amplitude, and then brought the temperature compensation measure that to default, the good effect of raising measuring accuracy.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Hall subassembly;
Fig. 3 is the contracted notation figure of Hall subassembly;
Fig. 4 is the former measurement reason figure of differential type current sensor.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the differential type Hall current sensor comprises shell 13, and shell 13 is provided with interface 10, is provided with four connection terminals in the interface 10, and the iron core 14 of opening ring-type is housed in the shell 13, and the opening part of iron core 14 is inlaid with Hall subassembly 15.As shown in Figure 2, Hall subassembly 15 is made of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12, first linear hall element 11 is identical with second linear hall element, 12 structure models, the character denotation face of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12 is opposite, sensitive area over against and being fixed together of pasting mutually, normal vector n represents the direction of the character denotation face of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12 among the figure, two linear hall elements lip-deep digital 1,2,3 is the pin sequence number, and the continuous back of 1 pin of two linear hall elements is as the electrode input end V of current sensor
CConnect the positive pole of power supply, the continuous back of 2 pin is as the negative input V of current sensor
SConnect the negative pole of power supply, 3 pin of first linear hall element 11 are as the first signal output part U of current sensor
13 pin of second linear hall element 12 are as the secondary signal output terminal U of current sensor
2Electrode input end V
C, negative input V
S, the first signal output part U
1With secondary signal output terminal U
2Each is electrically connected with a connection terminal.Two linear hall elements constitute the differential type Hall subassembly with the mode output signal voltage of difference.
1, the output characteristics of linear hall element
The output voltage of linear hall element is directly proportional with magnetic induction density B, and the linear hall element output characteristics can be expressed as:
U＝U
0±K
HB (1)
In the formula (1), U is a hall element output voltage, U
0Be static (B=0mT, V
C=5V) output voltage, U under the perfect condition
0Equal 0V or equal 2.5V; K
HBe the Hall voltage coefficient.It is relevant with the identified surface direction and the magnetic direction of Hall element that sign in the formula is chosen, and gets positive sign magnetic induction density B direction and index plane when the magnetic induction density B direction is opposite with identified surface and get negative sign when identical.
When the variation of ambient temperature of Hall element, its quiescent output voltage will change thereupon, and establishing temperature that temperature causes, to float voltage be U
t, formula (1) can be modified to:
U＝(U
0+U
t)±K
HB (2)
Formula (2) shows, same linear hall element is changed magnetic direction, or the linear hall element index plane of two same natures is on the contrary in the same magnetic field, quiescent voltage and temperature are floated polarity of voltage not with changes of magnetic field, the polarity of Hall voltage is opposite, and promptly signal voltage has complementary characteristics.
2, the output characteristics of differential type Hall subassembly
Referring to Fig. 3, normal vector n represents the direction of the character denotation face of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12.
If acting on effective magnetic induction density of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12 is B, the voltage coefficient of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12 is K
H, the difference of the static state output of consideration Hall element, the quiescent output voltage of first linear hall element 11 is U
01, the quiescent output voltage of second linear hall element 12 is U
02, it is U that the temperature of first linear hall element 11 is floated voltage
1t, it is U that the temperature of second linear hall element 12 is floated voltage
2t, because of the index plane direction of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12 is opposite, the voltage equation of Hall subassembly two signal output parts is respectively:
U
1＝(U
01+U
1t)+K
HB (3)
U
2＝(U
02+U
2t)-K
HB (4)
U ideally
01≈ U
02=C, C are constant.To linear hall element of the same type, the rule of temperature effect is answered basically identical, i.e. U
1t≈ U
2tUsually, temperature variation is slow relatively, U
1t, U
2tCan be considered direct current signal.Formula (3), formula (4) show, with the temperature correlation quiescent output voltage be common mode voltage signal, the Hall voltage relevant with magnetic field is difference mode signal, the Hall subassembly output voltage comprises common-mode signal and difference mode signal composition.
Analysis mode (3), formula (4) as can be known, the output signal of each linear hall element all comprises quiescent voltage U
0, temperature floats voltage U
tWith Hall voltage K
HB.U
0, U
tBelong to common mode interference signal, obviously, single Hall element is difficult to suppress common mode interference and temperature drift, and this also is the main cause that the traditional type Hall current sensor must carry out temperature compensation.
If difference U=U with the output voltage of first linear hall element 11 and second linear hall element 12
1-U
2As the output of Hall subassembly signal, promptly the Hall subassembly of complementary structure is exported with differential type, is got by formula (3), formula (4):
u＝(U
01-U
02)+(U
1t-U
2t)+2K
HB (5)
If make Δ U
0=U
01-U
02, U
t=U
1t-U
2t
Formula (5) can be rewritten as u=Δ U
0+ Δ U
t+ 2K
HB (6)
Select two linear hall elements of the same type, can make Δ U
0=U
01-U
02=C, Δ U
t=U
1t-U
2t≈ 0, and formula (6) can be approximately:
u＝C+2K
HB (7)
C is the constant that the static output of two linear hall elements difference produces in the formula (7), and the C value is close to 0mV in theory.The result of difference output shows that the complementary design of Hall subassembly has reduced DC voltage component, doubles to have amplified the signal voltage amplitude.The output of differential type voltage has suppressed common mode interference and temperature drift, has improved the stability and the linearity of linear Hall assembly, has the feature of self compensation and linearity correction.
3, the measuring principle of differential type current sensor
As shown in Figure 4, establish certain and pass through electric current I in the lead 9 constantly, the magnetic field that electric current produces is by iron core 14 effect Hall subassemblies 15, and establishing magnetic induction density is B, and direction is downward perpendicular to the sensitive area of Hall subassembly 15.Because Hall subassembly 15 thickness are very little, the opening of iron core 14 is very narrow, and the magnetic induction density B in magnetic field, Hall subassembly 15 place can be approximately equal everywhere.Get according to Bi-Sa Dinglv:
B＝K
II (8)
K in the formula
IBe the constant relevant, formula (8) substitution formula (7) got with the magnetic permeability of iron core 14:
u＝C+2K
HK
II (9)
Because of K
H, K
IBe constant, make K=K
HK
I
Formula (9) is rewritten as u=C+2KI (10)
Formula (10) shows that the output voltage u of differential type Hall current sensor is directly proportional with I, is linear relationship, and is irrelevant with temperature variation.The differential type Hall current sensor has suppressed the influence of temperature drift to measuring, and can save the temperature compensation measure.In addition, output signal voltage is 2 times of traditional Hall current sensor output voltage, the sensitivity that has improved sensor, and promptly under identical sensitive condition, the iron core of differential type Hall current sensor can be reduced in size, helps the miniaturization Design of sensor.
The differential Hall current sensor that the utility model relates to is compared with traditional Hall current sensor, only always added a slice Hall element, obtained optimization with regard to the output characteristics that makes current sensor, have and suppress common mode disturbances, reduce temperature drift, reduce Static output, increase the advantage of signal amplitude, therefore, differential Hall current sensor has the characteristic of temperature self-compensation, the temperature-compensating measure that can default, and the performance of sensor is improved. The differential type output of sensor also is convenient to and the instrument amplifier direct interface, is conducive to simplify the circuit design of application system, improves Systems balanth and certainty of measurement. The utlity model has cost performance height, reliable and practical advantage, alternative traditional Hall current sensor is realized the accurate measurement of electric current.
Claims (1)
1. differential type Hall current sensor, comprise shell (13), the iron core (14) of opening ring-type is housed in the shell (13), it is characterized in that: the opening part of described iron core (14) is inlaid with Hall subassembly (15), Hall subassembly (15) is made of two identical linear hall elements of structure model, two linear hall element character denotation faces are opposite, sensitive area over against and being fixed together of pasting mutually; The electrode input end of two linear hall elements is electrically connected as the electrode input end of current sensor, the negative input of two linear hall elements is electrically connected as the negative input of current sensor, and two signal output parts of two linear hall elements are as the signal output part of current sensor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202397706U CN201514439U (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2009-10-20 | Differential Hall current sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202397706U CN201514439U (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2009-10-20 | Differential Hall current sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201514439U true CN201514439U (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN102608384A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-25 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Current difference sensors, systems and methods |
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| CN103308739A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-18 | 深圳市柏特瑞电子有限公司 | Network-type Hall direct current sensor |
| CN103323643A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-09-25 | 美新半导体（无锡）有限公司 | Single-chip current sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN107340424B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-08-27 | 合肥师范学院 | A kind of temperature-compensation method of Hall current sensor |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100623 Termination date: 20101020 |