CN201423916Y - Driving device used for parallel hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents
Driving device used for parallel hybrid electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN201423916Y CN201423916Y CN2009200510973U CN200920051097U CN201423916Y CN 201423916 Y CN201423916 Y CN 201423916Y CN 2009200510973 U CN2009200510973 U CN 2009200510973U CN 200920051097 U CN200920051097 U CN 200920051097U CN 201423916 Y CN201423916 Y CN 201423916Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a driving device used for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle, which comprises an anti-direction dual-rotor motor, a motor controller, a planetary mechanism, a storage battery pack, an electronic control unit (ECU) and a fixed-axis gear pair, wherein an input shaft of an engine is respectively connected with a sun gear and a gear ring of the planetary mechanism through apower transmission mechanism which is composed of the anti-direction dual-rotor motor and the fixed-axis gear pair; at least one brake is connected with the sun gear and the gear ring of the planetary mechanism; the storage battery pack is respectively electrically connected with the motor controller and the ECU; and the motor controller is electrically connected with the anti-direction dual-rotor motor. The driving device has the advantages that the structure is compact, the power transmission parts are few, and the transmission loss is reduced; and different working modes are determined bythe action of the brake and different modes have different speed ratios and torque outputs, the vehicle can choose to operate under different modes according to the actual power requirement, the rangeof the speed ratio is greatly increased, and the system can be used for various vehicle models with different speed ratio requirements.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to power transmission and the automatic speed-changing system in the hybrid vehicle, specifically is meant the actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile.
Technical background
Because the environmental consciousness that the caused people of the energy and problem of environment increase, more and more higher to vehicle energy saving, environmental demands, but go out electronlmobil and fuel cell powered vehicle correlation technique is that all right ripe, make hybrid vehicle (HEV) more and more cause people's attention, becoming a kind of development tendency gradually, is the focus of current automotive field subject study.
The synthetic method and structure form of mixed power electric car power is directly connected to the performance of vehicle, at present, the version of hybrid vehicle power-driven system has tandem, parallel and string and series parallel type, concrete version has multiple variation, but all there is certain deficiency, can not gives full play to the hybrid vehicle advantages of energy saving and environmental protection.Now various in the world hybrid drive systems are most representative is the FHS hybrid power system of EP (electrical parallel connection) hybrid power system of THS hybrid power system, General Motors Coporation of Toyota Motor company and AH2 (the advanced hybrid power system of the second generation) thereof, Ford Motor Company.
No matter and be HEV or traditional combustion engine vehicle, change-speed box is as its power-transmitting part, and the quality of the driving performance of the adjusting of engine characteristics, vehicle is played crucial effects.In existing multiple power drive system, hydraulic mechanical type automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter (AT) has and does not cut off power shfit, smooth-going, the turbine transformer of starting to the adaptive advantage of resistance, but has shortcomings such as complex structure, manufacture process requirement height, torque converter transmission efficient are low; Electric control mechanical type automatic speed variator (AMT) has driving efficiency height, advantage that power capability is bigger, but is difficult to obtain the perfect drive characteristic of stepless automatic transmission; Because stepless variable drive (CVT) can continuously change speed ratio, make automobile under any operating mode, can be according to the operation intention of chaufeur, realize the optimum matching (best economy or best power performance coupling) of driving engine and electrical motor operation point, thereby effectively reduce discharging, improve fuel economy, dynamic property and the travelling comfort of car load, therefore, become preferred option based on the mixed power electric car of stepless variable drive.
But, mechanical continuously-variable transmission (CVT) with regard to present some types that exist, also because they in fact all are based on frictional transmission, have shortcomings such as on the low side, the available variator ratio range (being the ratio of system's slowest ratio and minimum speed ratio) of the ability of transmitting torque and power and efficient is quite limited, thereby generally only be suitable for power demand and little liter-car and the motor bike of ratio coverage, or other need to transmit the purposes or the occasion of smaller power.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcoming of present automative stepless speed-variation power-driven system, provide a kind of layout flexibly, be easy to control, need not adopt change-speed box, driving efficiency is higher, can realize multiple different working modes, and under various mode of operations, have the actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile than the automatic stepless speed change function of large speed ratio scope.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The advantage of transmission of the utility model comprehensive mechanical and electric tramsmission is utilized changeing the infinite speed variation effect of double-rotor machine, by two in three ports of planetary mechanism as power intake, another one forms the parallel remittance of power as clutch end.Specifically be that the internal rotor two ends of changeing double-rotor machine are connect with an input end of engine output shaft and planetary mechanism respectively, outer rotor then connects by secondary another input end with planetary mechanism of a pair of fixed axis gear, and power finally passes to retarder by the mouth of planetary mechanism.
A kind of actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile, comprise changeing double-rotor machine, electric machine controller, planetary mechanism, battery pack, control unit ECU and fixed axis gear pair, the pinion carrier of planetary mechanism is connected with drive axle through output shaft, and drive axle is connected with drive wheel by two-semiaxle; The input shaft of driving engine passes through by being connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively changeing the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear; At least one drg is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism; Battery pack is electrically connected with electric machine controller and control unit ECU respectively, electric machine controller be electrically connected changeing double-rotor machine; Be respectively equipped with first tachogen and second tachogen on input shaft and the output shaft, control unit ECU is connected with first tachogen, second tachogen, drg and electric machine controller signal respectively.
The input shaft of described driving engine is by by being that mean engine passes through input shaft, controllable clutch and the internal rotor of commentaries on classics double-rotor machine is connected automatically to changeing that the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively, and internal rotor passes through spool, first drg is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism; The outer rotor of double-rotor machine is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism by fixed axis gear pair, second drg.
The input shaft of described driving engine is by by being that mean engine passes through input shaft, controllable clutch and the internal rotor of commentaries on classics double-rotor machine is connected automatically to changeing that the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively, and internal rotor passes through spool, first drg is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism; The outer rotor of double-rotor machine is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism by fixed axis gear pair, second drg.
The input shaft of described driving engine is by by being that mean engine passes through input shaft, first drg is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism to changeing that the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively; Also be provided with the fixed axis gear pair on the input shaft, fixed axis gear internal rotor secondary and to the commentaries on classics double-rotor machine is connected, and the outer rotor of double-rotor machine is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism with second drg by axle.
Also be provided with automatic controllable clutch on the input shaft of described driving engine, controllable clutch is connected with control unit ECU signal automatically.
Described first drg and second drg are dry type, wet type or magnet stopper.
Described first drg and second drg are the drg of monolithic or multi-disc.
Described battery pack is lithium cell, Ni-MH battery or lead-acid battery.
Principle of work of the present utility model:
Native system adopts the planetary mechanism that changes double-rotor machine and have two degree of freedom as main member, gets in three members of planetary mechanism two as power intake, divides the transmission of confluxing to driving engine with to the energy that changes double-rotor machine respectively; Because the secondary input end with planetary mechanism by fixed axis gear of the outer rotor that changes double-rotor machine is connect, the state of kinematic motion of available second drg control of event fixed axis gear pair is controlled the state of kinematic motion that the outer rotor that changes double-rotor machine is reached the input end of the planetary mechanism of tying with its fixed axis gear duplicate invoice, first drg control internal rotor and with the state of kinematic motion of the input end of the planetary mechanism of its connection, to reach the purpose that realizes multiple different mode of operation.
Its concrete work is by the control system of the automobile operation conditions current according to automobile, selects different mode of operations by two drgs are controlled; Simultaneously, according to selected mode of operation, by electric machine controller continuous adjusting rotating speed of motor and torque, so that driving engine always works in optimum state.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the general principle figure of this stepless change hybrid electric drive system in parallel.According to the control of the control action of drg, electric machine controller, can realize the various mode of operations of hybrid vehicle to double-rotor machine:
(1) engine idle shutdown/quick operated start pattern
In the car retardation process or when running into red light and traffic congestion and other situations and stopping; by making driving engine oil-break, shutdown; avoided that existing internal-combustion engines vehicle slows down at this moment, idle oil consumption and exhaust emissions, can improve the car load fuel economy and reduce exhaust emissions.According to integrated vehicle control tactics, when the needs start the engine, drive driving engine after a certain higher rotation speed by internal rotor, driving engine begins fuel feeding, avoids consumption of engine starting process IFO intermediate fuel oil and exhaust emissions.
(2) pure electric drive mode
When vehicle start stage or underrun, driving engine is in running on the lower load, and heat efficiency is low and exhaust emissions is not good.At this moment, can be by killing engine, driving engine input end in the drg braking planetary mechanism makes the double-rotor machine outer rotor that all torsion torque of car load driving is provided separately, realizes zero-emission, and operation has vital function to this pattern for urban highway.
(3) pure engine drive pattern
In the battery power deficiency, can't drive motor or the moment of torsion that provides of motor is when being not enough to drive automobile, need the driving engine independent drive, double-rotor machine idle running this moment, outer rotor input end in the drg braking planetary mechanism, or driving engine is when sending power and being used for powered vehicle and remaining in addition, and double-rotor machine works in power generation mode, can replenish driving the electric energy that automobile carries out storage battery simultaneously.
(4) combination drive pattern in parallel
When the big driving torque of needs such as vehicle brish acceleration or climbing or vehicle required torque increase fast, if storage battery can also provide electric energy to drive double-rotor machine, then can be in engine output power, double-rotor machine also provides power, this moment is if drg is braked outer rotor input end in the planetary mechanism, then realize the direct coupling of motor internal rotor and engine output power, can realize increasing and turn round output; If the outer rotor input end is not braked in the planetary mechanism, can realize direct-coupled while of internal rotor and driving engine and motor outer rotor power by planetary mechanism coupling output, can realize the function of stepless speed regulation exported when turning round this moment increasing.
(5) regenerative braking energy feedback pattern
In car brakeing or moderating process, driving engine oil-break, shutdown, and double-rotor machine runs on power generation mode, realization regenerative braking energy feedback pattern.At this moment, consume recuperated energy, need driving engine input end braking in the planetary mechanism is utilized outer rotor to carry out regenerating braking energy and reclaims for avoiding internal rotor towing astern driving engine.
(6) stopping for charging pattern
At the vehicle parking state,, can carry out stopping for charging if battery electric quantity is too low.When stopping for charging, utilize braking, the mouth of locking planetary mechanism to wheel, drg is not worked, and double-rotor machine works in power generation mode, and driving engine drives internal rotor and rotates, drive outer rotor by planetary mechanism simultaneously and rotate simultaneously, realize maximum generating efficiency.When battery electric quantity surpassed setting value, killing engine stopped charging.
Advantage of the present utility model:
(1) compact conformation, power transmission member is few, reduces transmission loss.
(2) the different mode of operation of brakeage decision, different patterns have different speed ratios and torque output, and vehicle can be chosen under the different patterns and move according to the effect horse power demand.
(3) employed have stepless shift function to changeing double-rotor machine itself, do not need to use change-speed box, when combination drive by can realize the stepless change in a certain range of speed to the speed governing effect of changeing double-rotor machine.
(4) because ratio coverage increases considerably, make that this system can be used for speed ratio is had the different various vehicles that require.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is general principle figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 changes the principle schematic of embodiment 1 behind the fixed axis gear duplicate invoice knot position for the utility model.
Fig. 3 reduces the principle schematic of the embodiment 2 of a drg for increasing a power-transfer clutch.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of embodiment 4 behind the planetary mechanism input/output terminal for a change.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited thereto.
First drg described in the following embodiment and second drg can be dry type, wet type or magnet stopper.Described first drg and second drg can be the drg of monolithic or multi-disc.Battery pack can be lithium cell, Ni-MH battery or lead-acid battery.Planetary mechanism can be single file star mechanism, also can be compound planetary mechanism.Can be DC machine, AC induction motor, permagnetic synchronous motor or reluctance motor etc. to changeing double-rotor machine.Control unit ECU is micro controller system or embedded computer, gathers the electric signal of each sensor, and self-acting clutch, electric machine controller, drg etc. are controlled.Electric machine controller disposes accordingly according to selected motor type.
Among the following embodiment, be easy analysis, each parameter general symbol(s) is defined as follows: n
eBe engine speed; n
MBe rotating speed to commentaries on classics double-rotor machine 4; n
M-outBe outer rotor rotating speed to commentaries on classics double-rotor machine 4; n
M-inBe internal rotor rotating speed to commentaries on classics double-rotor machine 4; n
sBe the sun wheel rotating speed of planetary mechanism 7, n
rBe the gear ring rotating speed of planetary mechanism 7, n
cBe the pinion carrier rotating speed of planetary mechanism 7, the planet row characteristic parameter k=n of planetary mechanism 7
r/ n
sk
1Transmitting ratio for fixed axis gear pair 5; I=n
e/ n
cTransmitting ratio for system.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile comprise driving engine 1, to changeing double-rotor machine 4, planetary mechanism 7, first drg 61, second drg 62, battery pack 13, control unit ECU11, a pair of fixed axis gear secondary 5 and a plurality of tachogen.Driving engine 1 is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism 7 by input shaft 31, first drg 61; Also be provided with fixed axis gear pair 5 on the input shaft 31, fixed axis gear secondary 5 with the internal rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 is connected, the outer rotor of double-rotor machine 4 passes through spool to be connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism 7 with second drg 62.The pinion carrier of planetary mechanism 7 is connected with drive axle 10 through output shaft 32, and drive axle 10 is connected with drive wheel 8 by two-semiaxle 9.Battery pack 13 is electrically connected with electric machine controller 13 and control unit ECU11 respectively, electric machine controller 13 be electrically connected changeing double-rotor machine 4.Be respectively equipped with first tachogen 21 and second tachogen 22 on input shaft 31 and the output shaft 32, control unit ECU11 is connected with electric machine controller 13 signals with first tachogen 21, second tachogen 22, first drg 61, second drg 62 respectively.After the rotating speed of input shaft 31 and output shaft 32 is detected by first tachogen 21 and second tachogen 22, electric signal is passed to control unit ECU11, control unit is controlled first drg 61,62 actions of second drg, and to motor control unit 13 output control signals, 4 actions of control double-rotor machine, implementation pattern is selected and speed-regulating function.
Directly the coupling back is by the sun wheel of input shaft 31 input planetary mechanisms 7 by fixed axis gear secondary 5 for internal rotor outputting power and driving engine 1 outputting power, and first drg, 61 control driving engines and internal rotor are promptly controlled the state of kinematic motion of the sun wheel of planetary mechanism 7; The outer rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 is directly imported the gear ring of planetary mechanism 7, and second drg, 62 control outer rotors are promptly controlled the state of kinematic motion of the gear ring of planetary mechanism 7; Last power passes to drive axle 10, semiaxis 9 by the pinion carrier of planetary mechanism 7 through output shaft 32 after this confluxes, finally pass to drive wheel 8 powered vehicle.
Double-rotor machine can forward and reversely rotate, and realizes reversing (preferably brief description principle) during backward rotation.
By the action control of first drg 61, second drg 62, and the control of the rotating speed of double-rotor machine, this system can realize different transmission of power patterns:
(1) when first drg, 61 glancing impacts, sun wheel is braked, and rotating speed is zero, and driving engine 1 and internal rotor outputting power can't be imported planetary mechanism 7, has only the kinetic force input planetary mechanism 7 to the outer rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 to be used for powered vehicle.Can realize pure motor drive mode this moment, can realize reversing mode when giving motor input inversion electric current; If carry out regenerative braking energy feedback, this moment, motor can be operated in power generation mode, carried out energy recovery, and 61 brakings of first drg can also prevent towing astern driving engine consumed energy.
n
C＝n
M-out·k/(k+1)＝n
M·k/(k+1)
(2) when second drg, 62 glancing impacts, the outer rotor power of double-rotor machine 4 can't be imported, and the gear ring rotating speed is zero.The driving engine 1 and power of the internal rotor output of changeing double-rotor machine 4 imported by sun wheel.At this moment, if motor idle running then can realize the driving engine independent drive; If driving engine 1 also has surplus power except that powered vehicle, and battery 12 electric energy deficiencies, motor can work in power generation mode, and driving engine 1 surplus power is driven changeing double-rotor machine 4 generatings, makes engine operation in the most efficient point; If the surface torque demand is bigger, driving engine can start changeing double-rotor machine 4 when the most efficient some output torque is not enough this moment, makes internal rotor rotating speed and driving engine 1 rotating speed by fixed axis gear 5 couplings, and the internal rotor output torque can increase the input torque of input shaft 31, realizes increasing turning round output.
n
C＝n
S/(k+1)＝n
e·/(k+1)
(3) first drgs 61, second drg 62 be glancing impact not all, two input ends of the sun wheel of planetary mechanism 7 and gear ring can imput power, realize combination drive in parallel this moment, and, can realize the stepless shift function of exporting by regulating the rotating speed of double-rotor machine 4; During vehicle parking,, utilize driving engine to drive inner and outer rotors and rotate simultaneously, carry out the generating of maximal efficiency if battery 12 electric energy deficiencies allow work in power generation mode to changeing double-rotor machine 4 this moment.
Output speed is:
n
C＝[(k
1·k+1)·n
e+k·n
M]/(k+1)
System's transmitting ratio is:
i＝(k+1)/(1+k□k
1+k□n
M/n
e)
By following formula as can be known: because fixed axis gear pair 5 makes internal rotor rotating speed commutation speed change, we suppose that fixed axis gear pair 5 only makes the commutation of internal rotor rotating speed here, so k
1=-1.When changing within the specific limits when driving engine 1 rotating speed with to the rotating speed that changes double-rotor machine 4, the value of following formula denominator can just can be born, and when two polynomial value infinitely near the time, but system's transmitting ratio approach infinity.The positive and negative of denominator value can be determined according to the needed output shaft rotary speed direction of reality, exports and imports in the same way if get, and promptly gets: n
M＞(k-1) n
e/ k; Simultaneously,, do not need infinity because the actual needs speed ratio is also limited, so, can suitably dwindle scope with upper inequality, conditional inquality is become: n
M＞(k-1) n
e/ k+500.
Following table 1, table 2 are under the driving engine different rotating speeds, and planet row characteristic parameter k ∈ [4/3,4] is to changeing the rotation speed n of double-rotor machine 4
M∈ [(k-1) n
e/ k+500,8000], and the ratio coverage of the inequality that satisfies condition.By the statistics of following table as can be seen: the rotating speed of driving engine 1 is high more, narrow more to the speed adjustable range that changes double-rotor machine 4, but the scope that speed ratio is contained is wide more, when the rotating speed when driving engine surpasses 4000r/min, system can't realize hypervelocity output, can realize hypervelocity output if increase range of motor speeds this moment.And along with the increase of k value, ratio coverage diminishes under the same engine rotating speed.
Ratio coverage during table 1 k=2
| Engine speed (r/min) | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 | 6000 |
| To changeing the speed adjustable range (r/min) of double- |
1500-8000 | 2000-8000 | 2500-8000 | 3000-8000 | 3500-8000 |
| Speed ratio i scope | 6～0.4286 | 9～0.6923 | 12～1 | 15～1.3636 | 18～1.8 |
Ratio coverage during table 2 k=3
| Engine speed (r/min) | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 | 6000 |
| To changeing the speed adjustable range (r/min) of double- |
1833-8000 | 2500-8000 | 3167-8000 | 3833-8000 | 4500-8000 |
| Speed ratio i scope | 5.33～0.404 | 8～0.6667 | 10.67～1.01 | 13.33～1.45 | 16～2 |
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile comprise driving engine 1, to changeing double-rotor machine 4, planetary mechanism 7, first drg 61, second drg 62, battery pack 13, control unit ECU11, a pair of fixed axis gear secondary 5 and a plurality of tachogen.Driving engine 1 by input shaft 31, automatically controllable clutch 14 with the internal rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 is connected, internal rotor passes through spool to be connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism 7; The outer rotor of double-rotor machine 4 is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism 7 by fixed axis gear pair 5, first drg 61.The pinion carrier of planetary mechanism 7 is connected with drive axle 10 through output shaft 32, and drive axle 10 is connected with drive wheel 8 by two-semiaxle 9.Battery pack 13 is electrically connected with electric machine controller 13 and control unit ECU11 respectively, electric machine controller 13 be electrically connected changeing double-rotor machine 4.Be respectively equipped with first tachogen 21 and second tachogen 22 on input shaft 31 and the output shaft 32, control unit ECU11 is connected with electric machine controller 13 signals with first tachogen 21, second tachogen 22, first drg 61 respectively.After the rotating speed of input shaft 31 and output shaft 32 is detected by first tachogen 21 and second tachogen 22, electric signal is passed to control unit ECU11, control unit is controlled 61 actions of first drg, and to motor control unit 13 output control signals, the state of kinematic motion of the gear ring of 4 actions of control double-rotor machine and planetary mechanism 7, implementation pattern is selected and speed-regulating function.
Present embodiment is provided with automatic controllable clutch 14 between driving engine 1 and the internal rotor to commentaries on classics double-rotor machine 4, automatically transmission of power and the mechanical connection between controllable clutch 14 control driving engines 1 and the internal rotor.Utilize the work of automatic controllable clutch 14, inner and outer rotors drives simultaneously in the time of can realizing that pure electricity drives, and can realize that various hybrid powers drive operating modes.The sun wheel direct connection of internal rotor input planetary mechanism 7; The outer rotor of double-rotor machine 4 is by the gear ring of fixed axis gear 5 input planetary mechanisms 7, and first drg, 61 pinion pairs are promptly controlled the state of kinematic motion of the gear ring of planetary mechanism 7; Last power passes to drive axle 10, semiaxis 9 by the pinion carrier of planetary mechanism 7 through output shaft 32 after this confluxes, finally pass to drive wheel 8 powered vehicle.
By the action control of first drg 61, power-transfer clutch 14, and the control of the rotating speed of double-rotor machine, this system can realize different transmission of power patterns:
(1) when power-transfer clutch 14 disconnects, first drg 61 glancing impact not, driving engine 1 power can't be imported planetary mechanism 7, has only two the input ends inputs of power by planetary mechanism 7 of the inside and outside rotor of double-rotor machine 4 to be used for powered vehicle.Can realize the pure motor drive mode that inner and outer rotors drives simultaneously this moment, but because there is certain torque relation in 7 two input ends of planetary mechanism, only make the transmitting ratio k of fixed axis gear pair 5
1When size equaled the eigenwert k of planetary mechanism 7, two input ends could torque balance, effectively transferring power.Can realize reversing mode when giving motor input inversion electric current; If carry out regenerative braking energy feedback, this moment, motor can be operated in power generation mode, carried out the energy recovery of maximal efficiency.Output is (because fixed axis gear pair 5 has commutation function concurrently, so k with the rotation speed relation of input
1=-k):
n
C＝(n
M-in+k·n
M-out/k
1)/(k+1)＝n
M/(k+1)
(2) when power-transfer clutch 14 disconnections, first drg, 61 glancing impacts, the outer rotor power of double-rotor machine 4 can't be imported, and the gear ring rotating speed is zero.Driving engine 1 power can't be imported planetary mechanism 7 equally.Have only the power of the internal rotor output of double-rotor machine 4 to import by sun wheel.Can realize motor internal rotor independent drive this moment; Can realize reversing mode when giving motor input inversion electric current; If carry out regenerative braking energy feedback, this moment, motor can be operated in power generation mode, carried out energy recovery.Output with the rotation speed relation of input is:
n
C＝n
M-in/(k+1)
(3) when power-transfer clutch 14 joints, first drg, 61 glancing impacts, the outer rotor power of double-rotor machine 4 can't be imported, and the gear ring rotating speed is zero.The power of the internal rotor output of driving engine 1 and double-rotor machine 4 is imported by sun wheel.At this moment, if motor idle running then can realize the driving engine independent drive; If driving engine 1 also has surplus power except that powered vehicle, and battery 12 electric energy deficiencies, motor can work in power generation mode, and driving engine 1 surplus power is driven double-rotor machine 4 generatings, makes engine operation in the most efficient point; If the surface torque demand is bigger, driving engine is when the most efficient some output torque is not enough, and can start double-rotor machine 4 this moment, makes the internal rotor rotating speed identical with driving engine 1 rotating speed, and the sun wheel input torque be driving engine 1 and internal rotor torque and, realize increasing and turn round output.Output with the rotation speed relation of input is:
n
C＝n
S/(k+1)＝n
e/(k+1)
(4) when power-transfer clutch 14 engages, first drg 61 glancing impact not, two input ends of the sun wheel of planetary mechanism 7 and gear ring can imput power, and be combination drive in parallel this moment.During vehicle parking, if battery 12 electric energy deficiencies, allow double-rotor machine 4 work in power generation mode this moment, utilizes driving engine to drive inner and outer rotors and rotate simultaneously, carries out the generating of maximal efficiency.
But because the transmitting ratio k of fixed axis gear pair 5
1Identical with the eigenwert k size of planetary mechanism 7, and k
1=-k, so output speed is:
n
C＝[n
e+k·(+n
e-n
M)/k
1]/(k+1)＝n
M/(k+1)
System's transmitting ratio is:
i＝n
e·(k+1)/n
M
By following formula as can be known: speed ratio only and engine speed, motor speed is relevant, so input and output are in the same way.Have only when double-rotor machine 4 rotating speeds just the speed ratio infinity can occur near 0 the time, therefore, establishing range of motor speeds is n
M∈ [1000,8000].Following table 3, table 4 are the driving engine different rotating speeds, the ratio coverage under planet row characteristic parameter k ∈ [4/3, the 4] condition.By the statistics of following table as can be seen: the rotating speed of driving engine 1 is high more, speed adjustable range to commentaries on classics double-rotor machine 4 is constant, the scope that speed ratio is contained is wide more, but the k value is big more, under the identical engine speed, ratio coverage enlarges, but system can't realize hypervelocity output, can realize hypervelocity output if increase range of motor speeds this moment.
Ratio coverage during table 3 k=2
| Engine speed (r/min) | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 | 6000 |
| To changeing the speed adjustable range (r/min) of double- |
1000-8000 | 1000-8000 | 1000-8000 | 1000-8000 | 1000-8000 |
| Speed ratio i scope | 6～0.75 | 7～1.125 | 12～1.5 | 15～1.875 | 18～2.25 |
Ratio coverage during table 4 k=3
| Engine speed (r/min) | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 | 6000 |
| To changeing the speed adjustable range (r/min) of double- |
1000-8000 | 1000-8000 | 1000-8000 | 1000-8000 | 1000-8000 |
| Speed |
8～1 | 12～1.5 | 16～2 | 20～2.5 | 24～3 |
Embodiment 3
A kind of actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile comprises driving engine 1, to changeing double-rotor machine 4, planetary mechanism 7, first drg 61, second drg 62, battery pack 13, control unit ECU11, a pair of fixed axis gear secondary 5 and a plurality of tachogen.Driving engine 1 by input shaft 31, automatically controllable clutch 14 with the internal rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 is connected, internal rotor passes through spool, first drg 61 is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism 7; The outer rotor of double-rotor machine 4 is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism 7 by fixed axis gear pair 5, second drg 61.The pinion carrier of planetary mechanism 7 is connected with drive axle 10 through output shaft 32, and drive axle 10 is connected with drive wheel 8 by two-semiaxle 9.Battery pack 13 is electrically connected with electric machine controller 13 and control unit ECU11 respectively, electric machine controller 13 be electrically connected changeing double-rotor machine 4.Be respectively equipped with first tachogen 21 and second tachogen 22 on input shaft 31 and the output shaft 32, control unit ECU11 is connected with electric machine controller 13 signals with first tachogen 21, second tachogen 22, first drg 61, second drg 62 respectively.After the rotating speed of input shaft 31 and output shaft 32 is detected by first tachogen 21 and second tachogen 22, electric signal is passed to control unit ECU11, control unit is controlled first drg 61,62 actions of second drg, and to motor control unit 13 output control signals, 4 actions of control double-rotor machine, implementation pattern is selected and speed-regulating function.The mode of operation of this embodiment is seen the principle explanation.
As shown in Figure 4: different is for this embodiment and embodiment 3: one power of embodiment 3 driving engines 1 is by the sun wheel to the internal rotor input planet gear mechanism 7 that changes double-rotor machine 4, and another strand power is by to the outer rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 gear ring through the secondary 5 input planet gear mechanisms 7 of fixed axis gear; And present embodiment be one power of driving engine 1 by gear ring to the internal rotor input planet gear mechanism 7 that changes double-rotor machine 4, another strand power is by to the outer rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 sun wheel through the secondary 5 input planet gear mechanisms 7 of fixed axis gear.
By the action control of first drg 61, second drg 62, and the control of the rotating speed of double-rotor machine, this system can realize different transmission of power patterns:
(1) when first drg, 61 glancing impacts, gear ring is braked, and rotating speed is zero, and driving engine 1 and internal rotor outputting power can't be imported planetary mechanism 7, has only the kinetic force input planetary mechanism 7 to the outer rotor that changes double-rotor machine 4 to be used for powered vehicle.Can realize pure motor drive mode this moment, can realize reversing mode when giving motor input inversion electric current; If carry out regenerative braking energy feedback, this moment, motor can be operated in power generation mode, carried out energy recovery, and 61 brakings of first drg can also prevent towing astern driving engine consumed energy.Output with the rotation speed relation of input is:
n
C＝n
M-out/[k
1·(k+1)]＝n
M/[k
1·(k+1)]
(2) when second drg, 62 glancing impacts, the outer rotor power of double-rotor machine 4 can't be imported, and the sun wheel rotating speed is zero.The driving engine 1 and power of the internal rotor output of changeing double-rotor machine 4 imported by gear ring.At this moment, if motor idle running then can realize the driving engine independent drive; If driving engine 1 also has surplus power except that powered vehicle, and battery 12 electric energy deficiencies, motor can work in power generation mode, and driving engine 1 surplus power is driven changeing double-rotor machine 4 generatings, makes engine operation in the most efficient point; If the surface torque demand is bigger, driving engine is when the most efficient some output torque is not enough, and can start changeing double-rotor machine 4 this moment, makes the internal rotor rotating speed identical with driving engine 1 rotating speed, and the input torque of gear ring is driving engine 1 moment of torsion and internal rotor moment of torsion sum, realizes increasing turning round output.Output with the rotation speed relation of input is:
n
C＝n
R/(k+1)＝n
e/(k+1)
(3) first drgs 61, second drg 62 be glancing impact not all, two input ends of the sun wheel of planetary mechanism 7 and gear ring can imput power, realize combination drive in parallel this moment, and, can realize the stepless shift function of exporting by regulating to changeing the rotating speed of double-rotor machine 4.During vehicle parking,, utilize driving engine to drive inner and outer rotors and rotate simultaneously, carry out the generating of maximal efficiency if battery 12 electric energy deficiencies allow work in power generation mode to changeing double-rotor machine 4 this moment.
Output speed is:
n
C＝[(k·k
1+1)·n
e-n
M]/[(k+1)·k
1]
System's transmitting ratio is:
i＝k
1·(k+1)/[(1+k·k
1)-n
M/n
e]
By following formula as can be known: following formula molecule denominator under any circumstance is negative value, thus speed ratio be on the occasion of, i.e. input and output are in the same way.Therefore, we establish range of motor speeds and are: n
M∈ [0,8000].Following table 5, table 6 are the driving engine different rotating speeds, the ratio coverage under planet row characteristic parameter k ∈ [4/3, the 4] condition.By the statistics of following table as can be seen: the rotating speed of driving engine 1 is high more, speed adjustable range to commentaries on classics double-rotor machine 4 is constant, but the scope that speed ratio is contained is more little, when the rotating speed when driving engine surpasses 4000r/min, system can't realize hypervelocity output, can realize hypervelocity output if increase range of motor speeds this moment.And along with the increase of k value, ratio coverage diminishes under the same engine rotating speed.
Ratio coverage during table 5 k=4/3
| Engine speed (r/min) | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 | 6000 |
| To changeing the speed adjustable range (r/min) of double- |
0-8000 | 0-8000 | 0-8000 | 0-8000 | 0-8000 |
| Speed |
7～0.5385 | 7～0.7778 | 7～1 | 7～1.2069 | 7～1.4 |
Ratio coverage during table 6 k=2
| Engine speed (r/min) | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 | 6000 |
| To changeing the speed adjustable range (r/min) of double- |
0-8000 | 0-8000 | 0-8000 | 0-8000 | 0-8000 |
| Speed ratio i scope | 3～0.6 | 3～0.8182 | 3～1 | 3～1.1538 | 3～1.2857 |
Claims (8)
1, a kind of actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile, it is characterized in that: comprise changeing double-rotor machine, electric machine controller, planetary mechanism, battery pack, control unit ECU and fixed axis gear pair, the pinion carrier of planetary mechanism is connected with drive axle through output shaft, and drive axle is connected with drive wheel by two-semiaxle; The input shaft of driving engine passes through by being connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively changeing the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear; At least one drg is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism; Battery pack is electrically connected with electric machine controller and control unit ECU respectively, electric machine controller be electrically connected changeing double-rotor machine; Be respectively equipped with first tachogen and second tachogen on input shaft and the output shaft, control unit ECU is connected with first tachogen, second tachogen, drg and electric machine controller signal respectively.
2, the actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the input shaft of described driving engine is by by being that mean engine passes through input shaft, controllable clutch and the internal rotor of commentaries on classics double-rotor machine is connected automatically to changeing that the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively, and internal rotor passes through spool, first drg is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism; The outer rotor of double-rotor machine is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism by fixed axis gear pair, second drg.
3, the actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the input shaft of described driving engine is by by being that mean engine passes through input shaft, controllable clutch and the internal rotor of commentaries on classics double-rotor machine is connected automatically to changeing that the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively, and internal rotor passes through spool, first drg is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism; The outer rotor of double-rotor machine is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism by fixed axis gear pair, second drg.
4, the actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the input shaft of described driving engine is by by being that mean engine passes through input shaft, first drg is connected with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism to changeing that the secondary power transmitting mechanism of forming of double-rotor machine and fixed axis gear is connected with gear ring with the sun wheel of planetary mechanism respectively; Also be provided with the fixed axis gear pair on the input shaft, fixed axis gear internal rotor secondary and to the commentaries on classics double-rotor machine is connected, and the outer rotor of double-rotor machine is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism with second drg by axle.
5, according to each described actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: also be provided with automatic controllable clutch on the input shaft of described driving engine, controllable clutch is connected with control unit ECU signal automatically.
6, according to each described actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile of claim 2～4, it is characterized in that: described first drg and second drg are dry type, wet type or magnet stopper.
7, according to each described actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile of claim 2～4, it is characterized in that: described first drg and second drg are the drg of monolithic or multi-disc.
8, the actuating device that is used for the parallel type hybrid dynamic automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described battery pack is lithium cell, Ni-MH battery or lead-acid battery.
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| CN2009200510973U CN201423916Y (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2009-02-10 | Driving device used for parallel hybrid electric vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200510973U CN201423916Y (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2009-02-10 | Driving device used for parallel hybrid electric vehicle |
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| CN201423916Y true CN201423916Y (en) | 2010-03-17 |
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