CN201382551Y - Tower composite bed type circulating fluidized-bed hot water boiler - Google Patents
Tower composite bed type circulating fluidized-bed hot water boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN201382551Y CN201382551Y CN200920099181U CN200920099181U CN201382551Y CN 201382551 Y CN201382551 Y CN 201382551Y CN 200920099181 U CN200920099181 U CN 200920099181U CN 200920099181 U CN200920099181 U CN 200920099181U CN 201382551 Y CN201382551 Y CN 201382551Y
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- fluidized bed
- combustion chamber
- hearth
- water boiler
- bed combustion
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Abstract
Disclosed is a tower composite bed type circulating fluidized-bed hot water boiler which belongs to the technical field of boilers. The tower composite bed type circulating fluidized-bed hot water boiler adopts a tower type structure, a plurality of layers of fluidized-bed combustion chambers are arranged along the height of a hearth, a pipe buried heating surfaces are disposed inside the combustion chambers, each layer of the combustion chambers can be operated independently, the wear of fireproof layers and heating surfaces are reduced and operation power consumption of the boiler is reduced by adopting low fluidized wind speed, a plurality of groups of flag shaped heating surfaces or snake shaped tube heating surfaces are disposed inside the hearth, an air preheater is disposed on the upper portion of an outlet of the boiler hearth, a low temperature cyclone separator is disposed at the back of the air preheater, and the separated dust materials are conveyed to the fluidized combustion chambers through a dust hopper, a dipleg and a fuel conveyer, thereby forming circulating burning of the dust.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the boiler technology field, is specially tower multiple-hearth formula recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler.
Background technology
The development of China's concentrated supply of heating in the city cause is promoting the maximization process of hot-water boiler, the recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler is suitable for removing expeditiously sulfur dioxide and advantage such as burning low grade coal effectively with it in combustion process, obtained in the central heating field using quite widely.
Yet, maximization along with the recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler, all have to adopt flying dust material circulating ratio in the stove that increases substantially in design, the caloric receptivity that form by the particle convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection increases burner hearth dilute-phase zone heating surface remedies because the method that caloric receptivity reduces in the burner hearth emulsion zone that cancellation pipe laying heating surface is caused improves furnace cross, increase the excessive problem in fluidized bed combustion chamber cross section, back to solve boiler capacity, adopt high temperature cyclone separator to guarantee the recirculation of flying dust material simultaneously.At present, the furnace cross of large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler has been brought up to 3～5MW/m2, and its corresponding fluidising air velocity is also brought up to 5～8m/s.The operation practice shows, adopts higher fluidising air velocity will bring some insoluble technical problems, has influenced the normal operation of central heating system.
The subject matter that exists in the large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler of operation is as follows at present:
(1) existing large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler is by adopting higher fluidising air velocity, cause the rate of wear of furnace wall cooling and flame retardant coating, high temperature cyclone separator flame retardant coating very high, this not only makes the maintenance capacity of boiler increase, and main is to cause greatly reduce the service life of heating surfaces such as the interior water-cooling wall of burner hearth;
(2) have parts such as air-distribution device and gas-solid separator in the circulating bed boiler stove, and, the flying dust bed material of a large amount of circulations had in the burner hearth.Owing to adopt higher fluidising air velocity, the operation power consumption of existing large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler is very high, also causes operating cost very high simultaneously;
(3) under rated load, the circulation flying dust material temperature of existing large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler is only hanged down 20～50 ℃ than the temperature of emulsion zone bed material in design.When the uncombusted carbon granule that exists in the circulation flying dust material when entering material returning valve by high temperature cyclone separator bottom standpipe, can cause unburnt carbon granule to fire again if send into bad or the playing a reversed role of high-temperature flue gas of the returning charge air quantity control of material returning valve, cause slagging scorification, cause material return system to stop up, systemic circulation is stopped, being forced to blowing out.In addition, if the recycle stock amount is excessive, returning charge freely can not form the clogging of non-clinkering property yet.Therefore, slagging scorification obstruction accident occurrence frequency height in the large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler feeding back device that moves at present.
(4) existing large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler has higher flying dust material circulating ratio in order to guarantee, it requires flying dust coal-fired and that produce to have smaller particle size, and its high temperature cyclone separator is because diameter is bigger, separative efficiency to the fine grained flying dust is lower, causes the initial dust-density emission of boiler often higher.From the test data of the present large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler that has put into operation, the initial dust-density emission of some boilers is far above the national standard of 15000mg/Nm3.
(5) for guarantee can not can after-flame in burner hearth by duff particle that high temperature cyclone separator separated, must make the duff particle that arranged enough burning times in burner hearth, therefore, the higher existing large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler height of having to adopt higher burner hearth in design of fluidising air velocity.Its steelframe also must correspondingly increase, and causes its steel consumption very big, and the boiler manufacturing cost is very high.
In summary it can be seen,, must develop stable and reliable operation, thermal efficiency height, the New Cycle of high-efficiency reliable more fluid bed heat homogeneous solution-type reactor that energy consumption is low in order to develop large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above of existing large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler, the utility model provides tower multiple-hearth formula recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
(1) according to different boiler capacities, be respectively arranged with the multicompartment fluidized bed combustion chamber along furnace height, be provided with the pipe laying heating surface in the combustion chamber, adopt low fluidising air velocity to reduce the wearing and tearing of flame retardant coating and heating surface and the operation power consumption of reduction boiler.Simultaneously, be provided with combined type secondary wind, guarantee volatile matter and the timely after-flame of tiny carbon granules at the top of each laminarization bed combustor suspension section.Owing to adopt the multicompartment fluidized bed combustion chamber, every layer of combustion chamber can independent operating, make start and the operating load adjusting more flexible, load regulation range is wider.
(2) adopt pyramidal structure, in burner hearth, except that being provided with the pipe laying heating surface, also in furnace cavity, be provided with heat radiation and the compound heating surface of convection current in the burner hearth that is used for heating working medium.
(3) boiler furnace outlet top is provided with the horizontal air preheater; the mode that can adopt inertial separation in the air preheater porch with flue gas in uncombusted carbon granules that carry, greater particle size and soot particle separate, and the fluidized bed combustion chamber is gone in the carbon granules and the soot particle loopback that separate by sedimentation ash bucket and fallout loopback dipleg that its underpart is provided with.
(4) because the bed material in the existing large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler burner hearth is in the state of turbulent flow or fast fluidization, thus the power that its fluidized wind consumed should near be proportional to wind speed square.Tower multiple-hearth formula recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler can be reduced to 1.5～2.5m/s from 5～8m/s of existing CFBB with fluidising air velocity, the power that its fluidized wind consumed then can descend greatly, has solved the too high problem of operation power consumption of large-size circulating fluidized bed hot-water boiler.
(5) the low temperature cyclone separator of flying dust material is arranged on the top of boiler, the both sides, rear flank of air preheater.Because cyclone separator is arranged on the low temperature position of steam generator system, greatly reduce the volume flow of the flue gas of handling, this not only can save the material of cyclone separator, and an optional majority minor diameter whirlwind tube combining form improves the gas solid separation efficient of cyclone separator.Flying dust under cyclone separator separates is sent into fluidized bed combustion chamber then by ash bucket and dipleg by the fuel conveyer, forms the circulating combustion of flying dust.In addition, the flying dust material temperature that the low temperature cyclone separator separates is very low, and slagging scorification can not take place to fire again, stops up the problem of material return system, and the reliability of the flying dust circulatory system is improved greatly.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage:
(1), can solve the existing burner hearth flame retardant coating of CFBB that adopts at present higher flying dust material circulating ratio and heating surface wear, the too high serious problems of operation power consumption effectively in order to realize maximizing because fluidising air velocity is low;
(2) adopt low temperature gas solid separation, low circulating ratio operation, reliable, exert oneself big, the thermal efficiency is high;
(3) adopt the multicompartment fluidized bed combustion chamber, every layer of combustion chamber can independent operating, this will make start and the operating load adjusting more flexible, load regulation range is wider.
(4) boiler height is low, saves steel, and can reduce the cost of boiler room greatly, saves capital construction investment;
(5) initial dust-density emission of boiler is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of the utility model front view.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view in A-A cross section among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view in B-B cross section among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view in C-C cross section among Fig. 1 of embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view in C-C cross section among Fig. 1 of embodiment 2.
Piece number explanation among the figure:
1, fuel conveyer; 2, lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber; 3, middle level fluidized bed combustion chamber; 4, upper strata fluidized bed combustion chamber; 5, air preheater sedimentation ash bucket; 6, air preheater bottom smoke-box; 7, air preheater; 8, drum; 9, boiler hot-water compiles the collection case; 10, recirculation pipe; 11, boiler flue gas outlet; 12, boiler blow-down water allocation set case; 13, heat radiation and the compound heating surface of convection current in the burner hearth; 14, low temperature cyclone separator; 15, low temperature cyclone dip-leg; 16, pipe laying heating surface; 17, air preheater exhaust pass; 18, low temperature cyclone separator exhaust pass; 19, flag formula heating surface in the burner hearth; 20, coiled pipe heating surface in the burner hearth.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.Tower multiple-hearth formula recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler is included in furnace front along lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber 2, middle level fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 and upper strata fluidized bed combustion chamber 4 that short transverse is provided with from top to bottom.The fuel conveyer that all disposes the pipe laying heating surface and link in each laminarization bed combustor with it.Be provided with heat radiation and the compound heating surface of convection current in many group burner hearths from top to bottom at the burner hearth rear portion, along short transverse.Furnace outlet is arranged on the upper furnace front side, it is anterior and coupled logical that 7 in air preheater is arranged on furnace outlet, low temperature cyclone separator 14 is arranged on the rear portion of air preheater 7, air preheater 7 is connected with low temperature cyclone separator 14 by air preheater bottom smoke-box 6, air preheater exhaust pass 17, and 18 of exhaust pass of low temperature cyclone separator 14 and boiler flue gas outlet 11 link.The fuel conveyer 1 that low temperature cyclone separator 14 bottoms are provided with the low temperature cyclone dip-leg 15 that links with it and link with low temperature cyclone dip-leg 15 and lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber 2 respectively.
During boiler operatiopn, each layer feeder sent coal or other solid fuels into lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber 2, middle level fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 or upper strata fluidized bed combustion chamber 4 internal combustion that link with it respectively.The working medium that the heat transferred that pipe laying heating surface in each laminarization bed combustor then produces fuel combustion respectively flows within it.The hot flue gas that lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber 2, middle level fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 and upper strata fluidized bed combustion chamber 4 fuel combustion produce will rise in burner hearth, wash away the burner hearth heat radiation and the compound heating surface 13 of convection current that are provided with in the burner hearth.Discharge burner hearth by furnace outlet then.Be subjected to burner hearth heat radiation and 13 working medium that heat transferred is flowed of the compound heating surface of convection current of hot sweep of gases within it.The hot flue gas of discharging burner hearth passes through air preheater 7, air preheater bottom smoke-box 6, air preheater exhaust pass 17, low temperature cyclone separator 14 and low temperature cyclone separator exhaust pass 18 with order, discharges from boiler flue gas outlet 11 then.Flying dust under the low temperature cyclone separator separates then is admitted to lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber 2 by low temperature cyclone dip-leg 15 and fuel conveyer 1, forms the circulating combustion of flying dust.Simultaneously, at the furnace outlet place, the part of flying dust will be deposited in the sedimentation ash bucket 5 that its underpart is provided with in the mobile hot flue gas, and rely on gravity to be transmitted back in the middle level fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 that links with it to carry out circulating combustion.
Embodiment 1 of the present utility model is the form that the compound heating surface of heat radiation and convection current in the burner hearth shown in Figure 1 13 is adopted the represented flag formula heating surface 19 of the cutaway view in C-C cross section among Fig. 4.
Embodiment 1 of the present utility model and embodiment 2, the compound heating surface 13 of heat radiation and convection current adopts the above-mentioned multi-form heating surface in burner hearth, and other modular construction is provided with all identical with the method for operation.
The utility model also can adopt the frame mode that two layers, four layers or five laminarization bed combustors are set from top to bottom at furnace front, along short transverse.
Top description is to be used to realize the utility model and embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that.Hot any modification and local the replacement all belong to the utility model claim and come restricted portion in not breaking away from the utility model scope.
Claims (3)
1, tower multiple-hearth formula recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler includes heat radiation and the compound heating surface of convection current, air preheater and low temperature cyclone separator in fluidized bed combustion chamber, the burner hearth, it is characterized in that boiler adopts tower structure, lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber (2) that be provided with from top to bottom along short transverse, that the pipe laying heating surface is arranged, middle level fluidized bed combustion chamber (3) and upper strata fluidized bed combustion chamber (4) in the burner hearth also can adopt in burner hearth the frame mode that two layers, four layers or five laminarization bed combustors are set from top to bottom along short transverse.
2, tower multiple-hearth formula recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that the burner hearth rear portion, is provided with heat radiation and the compound heating surface of convection current (13) in many group burner hearths from top to bottom along short transverse.
3, tower multiple-hearth formula recirculating fluidized bed hot-water boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that furnace outlet is arranged on the upper furnace front side, it is anterior and coupled logical that air preheater (7) then is arranged on furnace outlet, and low temperature cyclone separator (14) is arranged on the rear portion of air preheater (7), the bottom of low temperature cyclone separator (14) then is connected with lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber (2) by low temperature cyclone dip-leg (15) and fuel conveyer (1), be used for the flying dust under its separation, send into lower floor's fluidized bed combustion chamber (2), form the flying dust circulating combustion, also can adopt fuel conveyer (1) is arranged to the frame mode that links with middle level fluidized bed combustion chamber (3) or upper strata fluidized bed combustion chamber (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200920099181U CN201382551Y (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2009-02-26 | Tower composite bed type circulating fluidized-bed hot water boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200920099181U CN201382551Y (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2009-02-26 | Tower composite bed type circulating fluidized-bed hot water boiler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201382551Y true CN201382551Y (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200920099181U Expired - Lifetime CN201382551Y (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2009-02-26 | Tower composite bed type circulating fluidized-bed hot water boiler |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101799155A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-08-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | External circulating multilayer combined fluidized bed boiler |
| CN103216823A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-07-24 | 上海交通大学 | Technology and system for optimizing clean combustion of coal washing slurry composite circulating fluidized bed |
-
2009
- 2009-02-26 CN CN200920099181U patent/CN201382551Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101799155A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-08-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | External circulating multilayer combined fluidized bed boiler |
| CN103216823A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-07-24 | 上海交通大学 | Technology and system for optimizing clean combustion of coal washing slurry composite circulating fluidized bed |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20100113 |