CN201382405Y

CN201382405Y - Solid fuel combustion system for split-type boiler

Info

Publication number: CN201382405Y
Application number: CN200920151566U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟庆忠
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-04-30
Filing date: 2009-04-30
Publication date: 2010-01-13
Anticipated expiration: 2019-04-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solid fuel combustion system for a split-type boiler. The solid fuel combustion system consists of a grate-free closed hearth for storing and combusting fuels, and a high-temperature reburning chamber, wherein a side fire mouth on the lower part of the hearth is communicated with the high-temperature reburning chamber; an air inlet is formed on one side of the lower part of the hearth; a blower is mounted on the air inlet for blowing air into the hearth; and a plurality of air distribution holes are also formed on the hearth from top to bottom and are communicated with the air outlet of the blower to supply air to the fuel layer in the hearth. The volatile component in the fuel flows in the set path to achieve air-fire integrated combustion, and can be combusted completely in the reburning chamber, thereby automatically controlling the combustion of the solid fuel without long-term inspection by specially-assigned person, and improving the smoke prevention and dust control effect as well as the energy saving property. No grates are arranged in the hearth, thereby obviating the need of easily-damaged parts and greatly improving the service life and the reliability of the system. The combustion system can be used in combination with various medium and small-sized boilers conveniently.

Description

The solid fuel ignition system of divided boiler

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of combustion heating system, is the solid fuel ignition system that boiler is used specifically.

Background technology

In the conventional boiler, " stove " that be used for fuel combustion is one with " pot " that water is housed, promptly by burner hearth solid fuel such as be used to coaling is set in boiler, and the burning of fuel is in this burner hearth, this structure is for solid fuels such as coals, the temperature of water or steam is difficult for stable control in " pot ", mainly be to compare with fuel oil or gas fired-boiler, because fuel oil or gas flow are controlled easily, and solid fuel is intermittently to feed intake, burning and unburned coal are to be present in the burner hearth in once feeding intake at interval all the time, hot coal still produces a large amount of heat radiations and directly " pot " is carried out radiation heating in the rear hearth even bank up a fire, cause furnace pressure to raise, need keep the pressure stability of boiler by the safety valve pressure release, so not only safety coefficient is low for this boiler.

Present conventional boiler owing to will be provided with independently combustion chamber, fuel chambers, ash discharging chamber, causes furnace cavity big, and body of heater height height makes the material cost of boiler itself and the construction cost height of boiler room.And the significant wastage of the fuel that causes.

In addition, this direct-fired boiler is insufficient owing to burning of coal, thus also can produce smoke pollution environment, and the utilization rate of coal is low.Also dust pelletizing system to be installed for reaching environmental requirement for this reason, cause the increase of equipment cost and operating cost.

Chinese patent literature CN2842207Y discloses a kind of " the counter-burning type coal gasification energy-saving environmental protection boiler " of the utility model people exploitation, end face is provided with the natural exhaust outlet of water inlet, delivery port and charged magnet valve on body of heater, on body of heater, be provided with charging aperture, slag notch and two ash holes from top to bottom, body of heater one side is provided with the air inlet that air blast is installed, and opposite side is provided with anti-burning exhaust outlet and communicates with burner hearth under the fire grate.This back firing boiler is compared thorough traditional combustion conditions that changed with conventional boiler, makes the solid fuel ignition in the boiler abundant, has saved fuel greatly and need not the special messenger and kept an eye on.

Yet, it no matter is the boiler among conventional boiler or the CN2842207Y, all must be provided with fire grate (or fire grate), its effect one is to want support to live solid fuels such as coal, the burning of fuel is carried out in fire grate (or fire grate) top, and the lime-ash that burns will be gone out clearly from the fire grate bottom, and another effect is to make the air of conventional boiler to enter under the fire grate and upwards connect whole fuel bed, or makes flammable fugitive constituent and high-temperature gas and flame discharge in CN2842207Y downwards.But, this structure that has fire grate, because fire grate will bear high-temperature scaling, so damage easily, the fire grate life-span is short, changes difficulty, maintenance maintenance cost height, these deficiencies become a difficult problem that always perplexs boiler industry.

The utility model content

At the present counter-burning type coal gasification environment-protection boiler and the above-mentioned deficiency of conventional boiler, the purpose of this utility model is the solid fuel ignition system is improved, and this novel combustion system need not fire grate, can improve to reduce cost its service life.

The utility model adopts following technical scheme: a kind of solid fuel ignition system of divided boiler, airtight burner hearth and high temperature burning chamber two parts by the no fire grate with fuel storage and combustion function are formed, lower furnace portion has the side direction burner to communicate with described high temperature burning chamber, the air inlet that one side setting of lower furnace portion is equipped with air blast to be being pressed into air in burner hearth, burner hearth also has a plurality of air distribution ports and blower outlet to pass to fuel bed air feed in burner hearth mutually from top to bottom.

The position that is positioned in described burner hearth above the side direction burner can have baffle plate to fall to blocking crater or enter burning chamber with solid fuel above preventing or lime-ash.

On described baffle plate, can have air distribution outlet and contain the oxygen air with combustion-supporting to send to the side direction burner.

Described burning chamber top is provided with crater, and all kinds of pot heating to be used for the burning chamber top is installed are used for drinking-water, heating or thermal source to produce hot water or steam, perhaps are used to the cooking of cooking.

Described burning chamber top is provided with the drum mounting platform and is used to install drum, forms " pot " and " stove " split-type structural, is beneficial to the manufacturing respectively of pot and stove, reduces manufacturing cost.

Described burning chamber side direction can be provided with the ash discharge fire door.

Described airtight burner hearth sidewall can be provided with charge door and ash hole from the top down.

Described airtight roof of the furnace can be provided with the exhaust outlet that magnetic valve is installed.

This combustion system of the present utility model, beneficial effect is:

(1) burner hearth seals fully, pressure combustion, reasonable wind distribution, make fugitive constituent in the fuel by the path flow of setting, form the integrated burning of gas fire, reach completing combustion by burning chamber, can realize the automatic control of solid fuel ignition, need not the special messenger and guard for a long time, and then can effectively control the pressure of boiler, the security of the boiler of raising.

(2) combustible gas that produces in airtight burner hearth of solid fuel diffuses through the high-temperature region downwards and oxygen fully burns in burning chamber, forming pure thermal-flame is used with hot equipment by " pot " or other, so can eliminate black smoke, improve smoke medicining dust-removing effect.

(3) because fuel combustion is abundant, compares with conventional boiler and can realize economizing on coal more than 40%.

(4) fuel is applied widely, can use biomass molding fuel (as straw briquetting, house refuse etc.), and in, high-quality bituminous coal etc.

(5) do not need fire grate in the burner hearth, make boiler not have consumable accessory, reliability improves service life greatly.

(6) only constitute by burner hearth and burning chamber, compact conformation, volume reduces, through the measuring and calculating rolled steel dosage be conventional boiler about 1/2, be 1/3 of conventional boiler during worker, the boiler room cost is about 1/2 of the used boiler room of conventional boiler, also can realize economizing on electricity more than 50%, greatly reduce equipment cost and installation and operation cost.

(7) this combustion system can be easily and the supporting use of various medium small boilers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the solid fuel ignition system of divided boiler of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the horizontal layout schematic diagram of solid fuel ignition shown in Figure 1 system.

The specific embodiment

Below by specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail, to help understanding content of the present utility model.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the solid fuel ignition system of the divided boiler that the utility model relates to, airtight burner hearth 1 and high temperature burning chamber 2 two parts by the no fire grate with fuel storage and combustion function are formed, and burner hearth 1 bottom has side direction burner 3 to communicate with the high temperature burning chamber 2 of a side.One side setting of burner hearth 1 bottom is equipped with the air inlet 4 of air blast to be pressed into air in burner hearth, and burner hearth also is provided with a plurality of air distribution ports by air channel 5 from top to bottom and communicates with blower outlet, and is air-supplied with the fuel bed that loads in burner hearth.

Being positioned at position above the side direction burner 3 in burner hearth 1 has baffle plate 6 particularly to burn tiny lime-ash that the back forms with the solid fuel above preventing to press when falling and get lodged in the crater position or pour burning chamber.On baffle plate 6, have air distribution outlet 7, link to each other with air blast,, make combustible gas fully burning in burning chamber to replenish air to side direction crater 3 places by the air channel.

Described burning chamber top is provided with crater 8, and flame and high-temp combustion gas are upwards discharged from crater, are used to heat device to be heated.

Because being used to produce the heat exchanger of hot water or steam is traditional sense yes " pot ", be pressure vessel, conditional request is higher to material is withstand voltage etc., adopt " pot " and " stove " integrative-structure, must increase the material cost that " stove " is the fuel system part, therefore the utility model burning chamber top is provided with the drum mounting platform, be used to install drum 12 as heat exchanger, form " pot " and " stove " split-type structural, be beneficial to manufacturing respectively, transportation and the installation of pot and stove, reduce the manufacturing cost of boiler.

Described burning chamber 2 is provided with side direction ash discharge fire door 9, is used for clearing up the lime-ash that accumulates on a small quantity in the use burning chamber, also is convenient to observe the flame combustion situation.

Described airtight burner hearth 1 side wall upper part is provided with charge door 10 and is used for adding solid fuels such as coal, biomass fuel in burner hearth, and the bottom has ash hole 11 to be used to clear up the lime-ash that the burning back produces.

Described airtight roof of the furnace has the exhaust outlet 12 of charged magnet valve, but can discharge the burning fume in the burner hearth moment when banking up a fire, prevents that pressure in the burner hearth is too high.

In use with coal, firewood, solid fuels such as crop stalk add in the burner hearth 1, owing to there is not fire grate, not only there is not consumable accessory, and whole burner hearth space from top to bottom all can be used to store solid fuel, the burning of fuel is that carried out the position near the solid fuel layer bottom in burner hearth was positioned at air inlet 4, by air blast air is pressed into burner hearth, the air of different proportion is supplied with in each zone by aid distributing pipe in fuel bed, air and fuel combustion generate carbon monoxide, methane, combustible gases such as hydrogen, because the upper furnace exhaust outlet can pass through closed electromagnetic valve, form the space of top sealing, these flammable fugitive constituents can not upwards be discharged, so can spread to the bottom gradually, to near the high temperature combustion zone the air inlet, the high-temperature flue gas that confuses the burning generation enters burning chamber and fully burns together from the side direction burner output of burner hearth side-lower, and flame and high-temperature gas are discharged from the crater 8 of burning chamber.When the burning chamber place was equipped with " drum " that produces hot water or steam, the high-temp combustion gas that combustion system produces can enter drum from burning chamber, carries out heat exchange with the drum heating surface, discharged then.The machine that turns off the blast when not needing to heat running does not only have flame to produce, and this moment, solid fuel was owing to isolate with " pot ", and can not produce radiation heating to pot, therefore be convenient to realize the automatic control of burning and keep the stable of " pot " internal pressure and temperature, the security that improves boiler.And in use flammable fugitive constituent is fully burnt, and forms pure flame, reduces the discharging of flue dust, has improved solid-fuelled utilization rate.

Claims

1, a kind of solid fuel ignition system of divided boiler, it is characterized in that: airtight burner hearth and high temperature burning chamber two parts by the no fire grate with fuel storage and combustion function are formed, lower furnace portion has the side direction burner to communicate with described high temperature burning chamber, the air inlet that one side setting of lower furnace portion is equipped with air blast to be being pressed into air in burner hearth, burner hearth also has a plurality of air distribution ports and blower outlet to pass to fuel bed air feed in burner hearth mutually from top to bottom.

2, solid fuel ignition as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: there is baffle plate the position that is positioned in described burner hearth above the described side direction burner.

3, solid fuel ignition as claimed in claim 2 system is characterized in that: have air distribution outlet on described baffle plate.

4, as described solid fuel ignition system one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: be disposed with charge door and ash hole from the top down on the described airtight burner hearth sidewall.

5, as described solid fuel ignition system one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described airtight roof of the furnace being provided with is equipped with the exhaust outlet of magnetic valve.

6, as described solid fuel ignition system one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described burning chamber top is provided with crater and drum mounting platform.

7, as described solid fuel ignition system one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described burning chamber is laterally disposed the ash discharge fire door.