CN201319315Y - Current Transformer - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及电子设计领域，公开了一种电流互感器，包括铁芯、二次绕组、空心线圈，二次绕组卷绕在铁芯外，二次绕组与空心线圈同心；在电流互感器上分别设置有接入端子、接出端子，接入端子、接出端子通过一次导线相连通，一次导线贯穿二次绕组、空心线圈的中心；当外部电流从接入端子接入，通过一次导线流过，从输出端子流出时，二次绕组感应产生二次电流，空心线圈感应产生电压信号；在二次绕组、空心线圈的外部分别设置有第一屏蔽盒、第二屏蔽盒，第一电磁屏蔽盒、和/或电磁屏蔽盒的中心设置有开槽。其抗干扰性更强。
The utility model relates to the field of electronic design, and discloses a current transformer, which includes an iron core, a secondary winding, and an air-core coil. The secondary winding is wound outside the iron core, and the secondary winding and the hollow coil are concentric; on the current transformer There are access terminals and output terminals respectively, and the access terminals and output terminals are connected through the primary wire, and the primary wire runs through the center of the secondary winding and the hollow coil; when the external current is connected from the access terminal, the primary wire flows However, when flowing out from the output terminal, the secondary winding induces a secondary current, and the air-core coil induces a voltage signal; a first shielding box and a second shielding box are respectively arranged outside the secondary winding and the air-core coil, and the first electromagnetic shielding box The center of the box and/or the electromagnetic shielding box is provided with a slot. Its anti-interference is stronger.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及电子设计领域，尤其涉及一种电流互感器。The utility model relates to the field of electronic design, in particular to a current transformer.
背景技术 Background technique
在电力系统中，电流的测量和继电保护大都采用常规的电磁式电流互感器。In power systems, conventional electromagnetic current transformers are mostly used for current measurement and relay protection.
常规的电磁式电流互感器存在绝缘结构复杂，体积大，频带窄，发生磁饱和时二次信号波形畸变、测量误差大，保护倍数曲线单台差异大(互换性差)，容易导致继电保护装置误动作等缺点。Conventional electromagnetic current transformers have complex insulation structures, large volumes, and narrow frequency bands. When magnetic saturation occurs, the waveform of the secondary signal is distorted, and the measurement error is large. Defects such as device malfunction.
同时，随着以微处理器为基础的新技术在电力系统中的广泛应用，使得常规的电磁式电流互感器的二次输出不再需要1A或5A的电流信号，而是数十mV至几V的电压信号，因此常规的电磁式电流互感器很难满足电力系统技术要求。因此，传统的电流互感器输出的电流都必须转换成电压信号才能输给微处理器，以供微处理器根据电压信号作相应的智能化处理。At the same time, with the widespread application of microprocessor-based new technologies in power systems, the secondary output of conventional electromagnetic current transformers no longer requires a current signal of 1A or 5A, but tens of mV to several The voltage signal of V, so the conventional electromagnetic current transformer is difficult to meet the technical requirements of the power system. Therefore, the current output by the traditional current transformer must be converted into a voltage signal before it can be output to the microprocessor, so that the microprocessor can perform corresponding intelligent processing according to the voltage signal.
所以，传统的电磁式电流互感器的这些缺点严重制约了电力系统向智能化、数字化、网络化，设备小型化、多功能化方向发展。Therefore, these shortcomings of traditional electromagnetic current transformers seriously restrict the development of power systems in the direction of intelligence, digitization, networking, equipment miniaturization, and multi-function.
另外，为了较少外部电磁干扰对电流感应的干扰，现有技术分别在用于产生测量信号、以及产生继电保护信号的线圈外面设置有电磁屏蔽盒，该电磁屏蔽盒虽然可以屏蔽外部的电磁干扰，但是该电磁屏蔽盒的引入会导致涡流的产生，产生垂直磁场和反向磁场，引入新的干扰因素，抗干扰性能较差In addition, in order to reduce the interference of external electromagnetic interference on current induction, electromagnetic shielding boxes are provided outside the coils used to generate measurement signals and relay protection signals in the prior art. Although the electromagnetic shielding boxes can shield external electromagnetic Interference, but the introduction of the electromagnetic shielding box will lead to the generation of eddy current, produce vertical magnetic field and reverse magnetic field, introduce new interference factors, and the anti-interference performance is poor
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型实施例提供了一种电流互感器，其抗干扰性更强。The embodiment of the utility model provides a current transformer with stronger anti-interference performance.
本实用新型实施例提供的电流互感器，包括：铁芯、二次绕组、空心线圈，所述二次绕组卷绕在所述铁芯外，所述二次绕组与空心线圈同心；The current transformer provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes: an iron core, a secondary winding, and an air-core coil, the secondary winding is wound outside the iron core, and the secondary winding is concentric with the air-core coil;
在所述电流互感器上分别设置有接入端子、接出端子，所述接入端子、接出端子通过一次导线相连通，所述一次导线贯穿所述二次绕组、空心线圈的中心；The current transformer is respectively provided with an access terminal and an output terminal, and the access terminal and the output terminal are connected through a primary wire, and the primary wire runs through the center of the secondary winding and the hollow coil;
当外部电流从接入端子接入，通过所述一次导线流过，从输出端子流出时，所述二次绕组感应产生二次电流，所述空心线圈感应产生电压信号；When an external current is input from the access terminal, flows through the primary wire, and flows out from the output terminal, the secondary winding induces a secondary current, and the air-core coil induces a voltage signal;
在所述二次绕组、空心线圈的外部分别设置有第一屏蔽盒、第二屏蔽盒，所述第一电磁屏蔽盒、和/或电磁屏蔽盒的中心设置有开槽。A first shielding box and a second shielding box are respectively arranged outside the secondary winding and the air-core coil, and a slot is arranged in the center of the first electromagnetic shielding box and/or the electromagnetic shielding box.
可选地，在所述二次绕组的两端并接有电阻。Optionally, resistors are connected in parallel at both ends of the secondary winding.
可选地，所述电阻由至少两条电阻丝构成，所述电阻的电阻丝两两对绞在一起。Optionally, the resistance is composed of at least two resistance wires, and the resistance wires of the resistance are twisted together in pairs.
可选地，所述电阻容置于所述第一电磁屏蔽盒内。Optionally, the resistor is accommodated in the first electromagnetic shielding box.
可选地，在所述电阻两端的电压信号通过双层屏蔽电缆输出。Optionally, the voltage signal at both ends of the resistor is output through a double-layer shielded cable.
可选地，所述铁芯采用高初始导磁率、低损耗、线性好的铁基纳米微晶合金材料制成。Optionally, the iron core is made of iron-based nanocrystalline alloy material with high initial magnetic permeability, low loss and good linearity.
可选地，在所述的铁芯外还设置有保护盒；Optionally, a protective box is also provided outside the iron core;
所述二次绕组卷绕在所述铁芯外，具体是，The secondary winding is wound outside the iron core, specifically,
所述二次绕组卷绕在所述保护盒外。The secondary winding is wound outside the protective box.
可选地，所述电阻还电连接有合并单元，所述电阻两端的电压信号输入至数字合并单元，所述数字合并单元将所述双层屏蔽电缆输入的电压信号转换成数字信号输出。Optionally, the resistor is also electrically connected to a merging unit, the voltage signal at both ends of the resistor is input to a digital merging unit, and the digital merging unit converts the voltage signal input from the double-layer shielded cable into a digital signal for output.
可选地，所述数字合并单元的输出端还电连接有微处理器保护设备，所述微处理器保护设备根据接入的数字信号控制所述电流互感器。Optionally, the output end of the digital merging unit is further electrically connected to a microprocessor protection device, and the microprocessor protection device controls the current transformer according to the input digital signal.
可选地，所述电阻采用高精度低温度系数的合金电阻材料制成。Optionally, the resistor is made of an alloy resistance material with high precision and low temperature coefficient.
由上可见，应用本实用新型实施例的技术方案，通过在第一电磁屏蔽盒、或电磁屏蔽盒的中心设置开槽，既能屏蔽外部的电磁干扰，还能够避免在第一电磁屏蔽盒、或第二电磁屏蔽盒上由于电磁感应形成涡流，能够避免在第一电磁屏蔽盒、或第二电磁屏蔽盒上产生垂直磁场和反向磁场的影响，有利于提高抗干扰性。It can be seen from the above that by applying the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a slot in the center of the first electromagnetic shielding box or the electromagnetic shielding box, it can not only shield the external electromagnetic interference, but also avoid the first electromagnetic shielding box, Or the eddy current formed on the second electromagnetic shielding box due to electromagnetic induction can avoid the influence of vertical magnetic field and reverse magnetic field on the first electromagnetic shielding box or the second electromagnetic shielding box, which is beneficial to improve the anti-interference performance.
同时在第一电磁屏蔽盒、以及第二电磁屏蔽盒上设置开槽，能够避免在第一电磁屏蔽盒、以及第二电磁屏蔽盒上产生垂直磁场和反向磁场的影响，抗干扰性更强。At the same time, slots are set on the first electromagnetic shielding box and the second electromagnetic shielding box, which can avoid the influence of vertical magnetic field and reverse magnetic field on the first electromagnetic shielding box and the second electromagnetic shielding box, and have stronger anti-interference .
附图说明 Description of drawings
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本实用新型的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，并不构成对本实用新型的不当限定，在附图中：The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, constitute a part of the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the utility model. In the accompanying drawings:
图1为本实用新型实施例1提供的一种电流互感器的正视结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a current transformer provided by Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
图2为本实用新型实施例1提供的图1的电流互感器的右视结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a right view structural diagram of the current transformer of Fig. 1 provided by Embodiment 1 of the utility model;
图3为本实用新型实施例1提供的电流互感器的电路原理示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the current transformer provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面将结合附图以及具体实施例来详细说明本实用新型，在此本实用新型的示意性实施例以及说明用来解释本实用新型，但并不作为对本实用新型的限定。The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the utility model are used to explain the utility model, but not as a limitation to the utility model.
实施例1：Example 1:
参见图1、2、3，本电流互感器中填充由绝缘物质(比如：环氧绝缘物质)，在电流互感器上分别设置有接入端子、接出端子，所述接入端子、接出端子通过一次导线相连通，外部电流(俗称一次电流)从接入端子接入，通过一次导线流过，从输出端子流出时。Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, the current transformer is filled with an insulating material (for example: epoxy insulating material), and the current transformer is respectively provided with an access terminal and an output terminal. The terminals are connected through the primary wire, and the external current (commonly known as the primary current) is input from the access terminal, flows through the primary wire, and flows out from the output terminal.
在本电流互感器内还设置有铁芯、二次绕组、以及空心线圈，其中二次绕组卷绕在所述铁芯外，所述二次绕组与空心线圈的轴心重合。用于传导外部电流的一次导线贯穿二次绕组、空心线圈的中心。The current transformer is also provided with an iron core, a secondary winding, and an air-core coil, wherein the secondary winding is wound outside the iron core, and the axis of the secondary winding coincides with the axis of the air-core coil. The primary wire used to conduct external current runs through the center of the secondary winding, air-core coil.
当外部电流从接入端子接入，通过一次导线流过，从输出端子流出时，二次绕组感应产生二次电流(一般用于测量电能之用)，空心线圈感应产生电压信号(一般用于输入至继电保护设备，以供继电保护设备根据电压的大小(其大小与一次电流成正比)对电网进行控制，做继电保护之用)。When the external current is connected from the access terminal, flows through the primary wire, and flows out from the output terminal, the secondary winding induces a secondary current (generally used for measuring electric energy), and the hollow coil induces a voltage signal (generally used for Input to the relay protection equipment, for the relay protection equipment to control the power grid according to the magnitude of the voltage (its magnitude is proportional to the primary current, for relay protection).
在本实施例中，用于产生继电保护电压信号的线圈为空心线圈，当本电流互感器发生断路时，不会产生在空心线圈构成的继电保护级产生铁磁谐振，有利于继电保护的稳定性。而传统的电流互感器中的继电保护级往往使用硅钢片作导磁材料，该导性材料的磁化曲线决定了其线性度不好，线性区域短的特点。In this embodiment, the coil used to generate the relay protection voltage signal is an air-core coil. When the current transformer is disconnected, ferromagnetic resonance will not occur in the relay protection stage formed by the air-core coil, which is beneficial to relay protection. protection stability. However, the relay protection level in traditional current transformers often uses silicon steel sheet as the magnetic conductive material. The magnetization curve of this conductive material determines its linearity is not good, and the linear region is short.
另外，由于不同产品可能使用不同批次的材料，不同的磁化曲线导致不同的饱和点，互换性自然不好。In addition, since different products may use different batches of materials, different magnetization curves lead to different saturation points, and the interchangeability is naturally not good.
优选地，本实施例中的空心线圈还可以制作在电脑制版的印刷板上，其相关参数几乎没有变化，保证同一批次的每个空心线圈基本一致，当某一个电流互感器中的空心线圈损坏后，互换性自然好，应用更加方便。Preferably, the air-core coil in this embodiment can also be made on a computer-made printing plate, and its related parameters are almost unchanged, ensuring that each air-core coil in the same batch is basically the same. When the air-core coil in a certain current transformer After damage, the interchangeability is naturally good, and the application is more convenient.
另外，本实施例中的铁芯可以采用高初始导磁率、低损耗、线性好的铁基纳米微晶合金材料制成。采用该材料能够在相同质量的基础上减小铁芯的体积，有利于提高线性度和精度，不易于发生电磁饱和，相对于传统的电流互感器中的磁化曲线的线性度差的硅钢片作为导磁材料，采用本材料，能够使得二次绕组的输出线性度更高。实验证明：本实施例中采用本材料的电流感应器的测量范围宽(50A～5000A)、线性度好，精度高(可达到0.2S准确级)，在热稳定电流时也不饱和，两三个规格电流互感器就可覆盖电网的全部电流等级，可作为标准件生产和使用。In addition, the iron core in this embodiment can be made of iron-based nanocrystalline alloy material with high initial magnetic permeability, low loss and good linearity. The use of this material can reduce the volume of the iron core on the basis of the same quality, which is conducive to improving linearity and precision, and is not prone to electromagnetic saturation. Compared with the silicon steel sheet with poor linearity of the magnetization curve in the traditional current transformer, it is used as The magnetically permeable material, using this material, can make the output linearity of the secondary winding higher. Experiments have proved that the current sensor using this material in this embodiment has a wide measurement range (50A ~ 5000A), good linearity, high precision (up to 0.2S accuracy level), and is not saturated when the current is thermally stable. A standard current transformer can cover all the current levels of the power grid, and can be produced and used as a standard part.
进一步地，由于采用高初始导磁率、低损耗、线性好的铁基纳米微晶合金材料制成的铁芯较为昂贵，并且体积小，为了对其进行保护，避免由于碰撞而受损或影响使用，还可以在铁芯外设置一保护盒，而将二次绕组卷绕在所述保护盒外；而不是直接将二次绕组卷绕在铁芯上。Further, since the iron core made of iron-based nanocrystalline alloy material with high initial magnetic permeability, low loss, and good linearity is relatively expensive and small in size, in order to protect it from being damaged or affecting the use due to collision , a protective box can also be arranged outside the iron core, and the secondary winding is wound outside the protective box; instead of directly winding the secondary winding on the iron core.
在本实施例中，二次绕组(输出用于电能测量的信号)与空心线圈(输出用于继电保护的电压信号)分开设置，可以分别满足电力系统计量、和保护要求，且继电保护级无磁饱和，体积小、重量轻。In this embodiment, the secondary winding (outputting the signal for electric energy measurement) and the air-core coil (outputting the voltage signal for relay protection) are set separately, which can respectively meet the power system metering and protection requirements, and the relay protection Level without magnetic saturation, small size, light weight.
在本实施例中，为了减少外部干扰，提高本电流互感器的稳定性，在二次绕组、空心线圈的外部还分别设置有第一屏蔽盒、第二屏蔽盒，并且在第一电磁屏蔽盒、或电磁屏蔽盒的中心设置有开槽。In this embodiment, in order to reduce external interference and improve the stability of the current transformer, a first shielding box and a second shielding box are respectively arranged outside the secondary winding and the air-core coil, and the first electromagnetic shielding box , or the center of the electromagnetic shielding box is provided with a slot.
由上可见，应用本实用新型实施例的技术方案，通过在第一电磁屏蔽盒、或电磁屏蔽盒的中心设置开槽，既能屏蔽外部的电磁干扰，还能够避免在第一电磁屏蔽盒、或第二电磁屏蔽盒上由于电磁感应形成涡流，能够避免在第一电磁屏蔽盒、或第二电磁屏蔽盒上产生垂直磁场和反向磁场的影响，有利于提高抗干扰性。It can be seen from the above that by applying the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a slot in the center of the first electromagnetic shielding box or the electromagnetic shielding box, it can not only shield the external electromagnetic interference, but also avoid the first electromagnetic shielding box, Or the eddy current formed on the second electromagnetic shielding box due to electromagnetic induction can avoid the influence of vertical magnetic field and reverse magnetic field on the first electromagnetic shielding box or the second electromagnetic shielding box, which is beneficial to improve the anti-interference performance.
另外，还可以同时在第一电磁屏蔽盒、以及第二电磁屏蔽盒上设置开槽，能够避免在第一电磁屏蔽盒、以及第二电磁屏蔽盒上产生垂直磁场和反向磁场的影响，以使本电流互感器的抗干扰性更强。In addition, slots can also be provided on the first electromagnetic shielding box and the second electromagnetic shielding box at the same time, which can avoid the influence of vertical magnetic field and reverse magnetic field on the first electromagnetic shielding box and the second electromagnetic shielding box, so that The anti-interference performance of the current transformer is stronger.
另外，由于现有技术中的输出的电两侧是信号往往是电流信号(将二次绕组输出的电流直接输出作为电能测量信号)，当输出电流信号两端开路时(阻抗无限大)，会形成高压，对周围人员造成巨大的危险，存在极大的安全遗患。在本实施例中，为了解决上述的问题，可以在二次绕组的两端并接一电阻，在电阻的两端输出电压信号，由于电阻两端的压降与二次绕组的电流成正比，同样能反映电能，用于电能测量，这样不仅能实现电能测量，并且完全避免了现有技术中的安全问题。In addition, since the signals on both sides of the output in the prior art are often current signals (the current output by the secondary winding is directly output as a power measurement signal), when the two ends of the output current signal are open (the impedance is infinite), there will be The formation of high pressure will cause great danger to the surrounding people, and there will be a great safety hazard. In this embodiment, in order to solve the above problems, a resistor can be connected in parallel at both ends of the secondary winding, and a voltage signal can be output at both ends of the resistor. Since the voltage drop at both ends of the resistor is proportional to the current of the secondary winding, the same It can reflect electric energy and be used for electric energy measurement, which not only can realize electric energy measurement, but also completely avoids the safety problems in the prior art.
另外，为了进一步避免外部的电磁干扰，还可以将电阻亦容置于所述第一电磁屏蔽盒内。In addition, in order to further avoid external electromagnetic interference, the resistor can also be accommodated in the first electromagnetic shielding box.
另外，还可以将电阻的两端引出电压信号的导线使用双层屏蔽电缆，能够进一步减少在传输过程中受到的干扰，保证电能测试信号的稳定性、以及纯净性。In addition, double-layer shielded cables can also be used for the wires leading out the voltage signals at both ends of the resistor, which can further reduce the interference received during the transmission process and ensure the stability and purity of the electric energy test signal.
为了防止电流在电阻上形成电流感应，可以将电阻设计成：电阻由至少两条电阻丝构成，所述电阻的电阻丝两两对绞在一起，这样使得每一电阻丝产生的电感相抵消，达到无感应的效果，进一步提高输出的电能测试信号的抗干扰性。In order to prevent the current from forming a current induction on the resistance, the resistance can be designed as follows: the resistance is composed of at least two resistance wires, and the resistance wires of the resistance are twisted together in pairs, so that the inductance generated by each resistance wire cancels out, The effect of no induction is achieved, and the anti-interference performance of the output power test signal is further improved.
随着以微处理器为基础的新技术在电力系统中的广泛应用，使得常规的电磁式电流互感器的二次输出不再需要1A或5A的电流信号，而是数十mV至几V的电压信号，因此常规的电磁式电流互感器很难满足电力系统技术要求，可见传统的电磁式电流互感器的这些缺点严重制约了电力系统向着智能化、数字化、网络化，设备小型化、多功能化方向发展。而本实施例在二次绕组处输出电阻的电压信号作为电能测试信号不仅能够避免如上所述的开路缠身高压的安全问题；并且，还能够将用于电能测试信号直接输入相应的微处理器进行相应的处理，更能适合当今的技术发展以及应用场景。比如：With the widespread application of microprocessor-based new technologies in power systems, the secondary output of conventional electromagnetic current transformers no longer requires a current signal of 1A or 5A, but tens of mV to several V Therefore, it is difficult for conventional electromagnetic current transformers to meet the technical requirements of power systems. It can be seen that these shortcomings of traditional electromagnetic current transformers seriously restrict the development of intelligent, digital, networked, equipment miniaturization and multi-function in power systems. direction of development. In this embodiment, the voltage signal of the output resistance at the secondary winding is used as the electric energy test signal, which can not only avoid the safety problem of the open circuit being entangled in high voltage as described above; The corresponding processing is more suitable for today's technological development and application scenarios. for example:
可以将该电压信号输入至数字合并单元(优选采用双层屏蔽电缆作为传输线)，由数字合并单元电压信号转换成数字信号，用于数字化电流测量和实时微机继电保护之用。The voltage signal can be input to the digital merging unit (preferably using a double-layer shielded cable as a transmission line), and the voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the digital merging unit for digital current measurement and real-time microcomputer relay protection.
以上对本实用新型实施例所提供的技术方案进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本实用新型实施例的原理以及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只适用于帮助理解本实用新型实施例的原理；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本实用新型实施例，在具体实施方式以及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本实用新型的限制。The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only applicable to help understand the present invention. The principle of the embodiment; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and the scope of application. Utility model restrictions.
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| CN105759101A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-07-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Three-phase electronic combined mutual inductor |
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| CN105759101A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-07-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Three-phase electronic combined mutual inductor |
| CN105759101B (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2019-04-16 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of three-phase electronic combination transformer |
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