CN201297342Y

CN201297342Y - Sliding bearing

Info

Publication number: CN201297342Y
Application number: CNU2007201875561U
Authority: CN
Inventors: Ch·克诺布劳赫; U·比朔夫贝格尔
Original assignee: Mahle International GmbH
Current assignee: Mahle International GmbH
Priority date: 2006-12-19
Filing date: 2007-12-19
Publication date: 2009-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2017-12-19
Also published as: WO2008074281A2; EP2108055A2; DE102006060474A1; WO2008074281A3

Abstract

The utility model relates to a sliding bearing (10), which comprises a carrying layer (12) that is made of metal material, a copper-base bearing metal layer (14) that is applied to the carrying layer (12), a non-proliferation layer (16) that is applied to the bearing metal layer (14) and a tin-base sliding layer (18) that is applied to the non-proliferation layer (16). According to the requirements of the utility model, the non-proliferation layer (16) is made of pure iron.

Description

Sliding bearing

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of sliding bearing, it comprises that bearing bed, one deck that one deck is made with metallic material are applied to copper base bearing metal layer, one deck on the bearing bed and are applied to barrier layer on the bearing metal layer and one deck and are applied to tinbase sliding layer on the barrier layer.

Background technique

In worldwide, new work engine, particularly transportation and heavy goods vehicle all need to use unleaded multilayer materials type sliding bearing, because increasing dissimilar vehicle is all based on common spectrum of vehicle manufacturing.

By existing technical level, known have a kind of sliding bearing made from multilayer materials, and it has one deck steel bearing bed, the lead-free bearing metal layer of one deck, one deck mesosphere or barrier layer and the lead-free tinbase sliding layer of one deck.This sliding bearing quite approaches known leaded sliding bearing, it is the once trial for all the fundamental function characteristic that obtains this class sliding bearing, comprise for example its good shape adaptive capacity and embedding ability, these characteristics are to be produced by soft tinbase sliding layer, have relatively preferably bearing capacity concurrently and based on the good self-lubricating property that is ground off fully at the sliding layer on the bearing metal layer under the situation.This sliding bearing is described in such as German patent DE 103 37 030 A1.

But interrelating with this sliding bearing also exists a problem, and promptly the tin in the limit slippage layer spreads in bearing metal layer, because if do not add restriction, sliding layer will become fragile, and obviously reduces the bearing capacity of sliding bearing.For this reason, German patent application DE 103 37 030A1 suggestion should be stipulated one deck barrier layer between sliding layer and bearing metal layer, and described barrier layer is made of pure nickel, and thickness should be about 4 to 6 μ m.

This measure has confirmed the improvement effect, because the nickel barrier layer must be thicker relatively.When tin when sliding layer is transferred to the barrier layer, formed the diffusion layer that one deck is made of tin and nickel therein.If at this moment the barrier layer that is made of pure nickel is too thin, then this barrier layer can change into one deck tin/nickel dam fully.Tin in the new diffusion layer of this one deck continues to shift in bearing metal layer.If adopt copper base bearing metal layer according to routine, the new diffusion layer of forming by tin and copper of tin and copper formation one deck then.But this diffusion layer is a fragility, and is cracked easily.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, task of the present invention is, the sliding bearing of the above-mentioned type further improved, so that the tin that can control better on the tinbase sliding layer spreads in bearing metal layer.

Solution is to make sliding bearing have the feature of claim 1.The barrier layer that regulation is made of pure iron according to the present invention.

The result makes us confirming uncannily, and the barrier layer that is made of pure iron can prevent effectively that the tin in the sliding layer from shifting or spread in bearing metal layer.Motor does not still have to occur the reaction relevant with diffusion through after turning round for a long time.According to the present invention, the barrier layer that is made of pure iron also can utilize for example known electro-plating method to be applied on the bearing metal layer without a doubt.

Other preferable schemes of the present invention are seen every dependent claims.According to the present invention,, just be enough to especially effectively non-proliferation effect of performance if the barrier layer maximum ga(u)ge is 4 μ m.The barrier layer regulation maximum ga(u)ge of the enforcement pattern of preferentially selecting for use is 3 μ m, and the maximum ga(u)ge of especially preferentially selecting for use is 2 μ m.Therefore saved cost of material, and shortened the stratification time.

The barrier layer of sliding bearing shows the non-proliferation effect that it is good according to the present invention, irrelevant with following factor, that is: whether be based on tin with sliding layer and have nothing to do, perhaps whether comprise pure tin and have nothing to do with sliding layer with the combination that is selected from one or more elements in the group element (silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, gold, indium, bismuth, lead).Equally, can preferentially select for use nickeliferous and/or zinc, perhaps contain cobalt and/or gold, perhaps the tin alloy of bismuth-containing and/or lead be as sliding layer, and wherein tin content is minimum is 60% of weight.

Different with the known sliding bearing of electroplating sliding layer according to original technical level employing, sliding layer also can be applied on the barrier layer with the fusing metallurgical method.Therefore, not only can save cost and reach fine and closely woven especially structure, but also obtain a kind of new metallic compound for sliding layer.Can adopt for example can not be with the alloy cpd of electro-plating method preparation, as silver or extra high tin alloy of copper content or tin-nickel alloy.

Bearing metal layer is a layer of copper base bearing metal layer, and it has the copper content that accounts for weight 85% at least in a kind of preferable enforcement pattern.Alloy material as other can contain for example tin and/or nickel and/or bismuth.

Between barrier layer 16 and sliding layer 18, can preset one deck mesosphere 16b, for example tin or the silver or the nickel dam of one deck plating, the perhaps alloy of making by them.The effect in this mesosphere is to serve as corrosion-resistant coating, and the auxiliary selflubricating ability that improves, and is applicable to the situation that the high-load region through sliding layer after the running of long period is worn.

Adopting the fusing metallurgical method to apply under the situation of sliding layer, mesosphere 16b plays and increases the attached effect that connects, and preferentially selects tin for use.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the barrier layer that is made of pure iron can prevent effectively that the tin in the sliding layer from shifting or spread in bearing metal layer.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 represents an embodiment's the schematic cross section of process sliding bearing according to the present invention of not to scale (NTS);

Fig. 2 schematically shows another embodiment of sliding bearing of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below, one embodiment of the present of invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.Fig. 1 represents an embodiment's the schematic cross section of process sliding bearing 10 according to the present invention of not to scale (NTS).The bearing bed 12 that described sliding bearing 10 has one deck preferentially to select for use steel to make, on this bearing bed 12, applied one deck copper base alloy, the bearing metal layer 14 that constitutes of signal bronze or copper tin-nickel alloy or copper sn-bi alloy or copper tin bismuth nickel alloy for example, wherein copper content at least respectively accounts for 85% of weight alloy.On bearing metal layer 14, apply one deck barrier layer 16, on this barrier layer 16, applied one deck kamash alloy sliding layer 18 again.Sliding layer 18 contains tin and one or more elements that are selected from the group element (silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, gold, indium, bismuth, lead).In addition, sliding layer 18 also can be made of pure tin.In an embodiment, adopted a kind of tin content be 96% and fusing point be 221 ℃ eutectic sn-ag alloy.It is contemplated that also the employing fusing point is 217 ℃ an eutectic SAC alloy.For the ease of realizing applying the technology of tin layer, can preferentially be chosen in and add bismuth in the alloy with melt liquid.Can further reduce fusing point like this.

Melt liquid tin or melt liquid kamash alloy are applied on barrier layer 16 or the additional layer 16b, as shown in Figure 2.Remove the surface by the brush method of itself having known for people and go up unnecessary tin or unnecessary alloy, or remove tin or the alloy that also is in the melt liquid state by the effect of centrifuge.For this reason, sliding bearing need stand once corresponding centrifugal motion.

The barrier layer 16 that is made of pure iron is to be applied on the bearing metal layer 14 with electro-plating method, can prevent effectively that tin from shifting or being diffused in the bearing metal layer 14.For this reason, the bed thickness of barrier layer 16 can be selected maximum 4 μ m, preferentially selects maximum 3 μ m, the maximum 2 μ m of particularly preferential selection.

Embodiment 1 (referring to Fig. 1):

The bearing bed that is made of a steel (12);

Make with Cuprum alloy, bed thickness is the bearing metal layer (14) of 200 μ m;

Make with pure iron, bed thickness is the barrier layer (16) of 2 μ m;

The bed thickness that applies with electro-plating method is the sn-ag alloy sliding layer (18) that 12 μ m, silver account for weight 8%.

Embodiment 2 (referring to Fig. 2):

The bearing bed that is made of a steel (12);

Make with Cuprum alloy, bed thickness is the bearing metal layer (14) of 190 μ m;

Make with pure iron, bed thickness is the barrier layer (16) of 2 μ m;

The bed thickness that applies with electro-plating method is the tin additional layer (16b) of 2 μ m;

The bed thickness that applies with the fusing metallurgical method is the tin-nickel alloy sliding layer (18) that 20 μ m, nickel account for weight 3%.

Claims

1. sliding bearing (10), comprise that bearing bed (12), one deck that one deck is made by a kind of metallic material are applied to copper base bearing metal layer (14), one deck on the bearing bed (12) and are applied to barrier layer (16) on the bearing metal layer (14) and one deck and are applied to tinbase sliding layer (18) on the barrier layer (16), it is characterized in that barrier layer (16) is made for pure iron.

2. sliding bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bed thickness of barrier layer is maximum 4 μ m.

3. sliding bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bed thickness of barrier layer is maximum 3 μ m.

4. sliding bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bed thickness of barrier layer is maximum 2 μ m.

5. sliding bearing according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the default mesosphere (16b) of one deck in order to improve selflubricating ability and anti-corrosion capability between barrier layer (16) and sliding layer (18).

6. sliding bearing according to claim 5 is characterized in that, mesosphere (16b) is tin or silver or the nickel dam that one deck preferentially selects for use electro-plating method to apply.

7. sliding bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the sliding layer of tinbase (18) or constitute by pure tin, or constitute by kamash alloy.

8. sliding bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, tinbase sliding layer (18) be applied to the fusing metallurgical method that barrier layer (16) is gone up or mesosphere (16b) on.