Background technology
At present, the heat collecting element of solar water heater mainly adopts following two kinds of versions: i.e. all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube and hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe.
The characteristics of all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube are:
The tube core of thermal-collecting tube is hollow, the sealing of one end, and the other end is an opening, communicates with the current of water tank; The tube wall of thermal-collecting tube is a double glazing, forms the interlayer of sealing between the double glazing and is pumped into high vacuum, makes thermal convection current and heat conducting thermal loss drop to minimum; On inner layer tube wall, being coated with high solar absorptance and the low coating of launching ratio that has, utilize this coating, convert the solar radiation that absorbs to heat energy; Utilize the characteristics of cold water proportion greater than hot water proportion, in vacuum heat collection pipe, form cold water from top to bottom, hot water water circulation from bottom to top, the circulation by such makes insulation
Water temperature in the case raises gradually.
The characteristics of hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe are:
Tube wall is a single-glass; High vacuum for sealing in the pipe; Employing has the metal tube of good heat-conducting or metal bar as absorber and as the structure of conducting heat, so heat transfer rate is very fast, and the corresponding quickening of the temperature rise speed of water heater.Simultaneously, the thermal capacitance of adopting heat pipes for heat transfer working medium is very little, has also improved effective service efficiency of the energy that absorbs greatly.With the difference of all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube be, do not leak water in the pipe of hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe, so in freezing winter and in sultry summer, almost not reaction of thermal shock.And fundamentally stopped gathering and sedimentation problem of pollutant that southern area brings because of water in managing, the freezing phenomenon of pipe more can not appear.The heat of hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe spreads out of by the metal condensation end in addition, not direct contact water.So, can make the pressure-bearing type pot-type boiler, even stay in the top layer or the low layer villa of building, the pressure of the water outlet also pressure with the running water pipe network is identical, and discharge pressure is big, and sprinkler performance is good, uses comfortable; Use hot water engineering for collective,, in operation, just can carry out maintain and replace, safeguard easily, can not influence the use of whole system even a pipe damages.Exactly because heat pipe type vacuum pipe has the advantage of a lot of uniquenesses, so the vacuum tube product that uses in developed regions in the world such as the Europe and the U.S., the overwhelming majority is this product, so demand increases every year.
But hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe also has some shortcoming, as: the heat of hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe spreads out of by the metal condensation end, condensation end is a blind pipe, directly do not contact with the water of water-heater water tank, but be connected with heat transfer guide pin bushing on the water tank, conduct heat by guide pin bushing, so just lost the part heat, the thermal efficiency of whole water heater is decreased.And heat pipe type vacuum pipe is single heat pipe, and heat transmits therein, and it is disorderly to cause heat to transmit, and transmission efficiency is reduced.
In order to solve the problem that hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe exists, U type heat-transfer pipe and heat absorbing sheet have appearred again inserting in the all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube now, make itself and water-heater water tank form the runner of a circulation, though this has solved heat and has transmitted disorderly disadvantage, the heat transmission is accelerated, but because just simply plug U type heat-transfer pipe and heat absorbing sheet in pipe, make the quickening of outwards dispelling the heat of U type heat-transfer pipe and heat absorbing sheet, thermal loss strengthens on the contrary.According to heat transfer principle as can be known, the two-part temperature difference of heat carrier is big more, and heat-transfer effect is better.In said structure, every heat absorbing sheet all is to be connected with two straight tubes of U type heat-transfer pipe, when the temperature on the straight tube raises, can be to the lower straight tube transmission of another temperature, the temperature of the straight tube of high temperature is descended, also just caused the temperature difference of the water in this pipe and the water tank to be dwindled, heat-transfer effect is reduced, just the collecting efficiency of thermal-collecting tube descends.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, its objective is the heat-conducting effect that improves U type heat-transfer pipe.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taked of the utility model is:
This solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe provided by the utility model, the glass outer tube that comprises individual layer, be located at U type heat-transfer pipe that the metal material in the described glass outer tube makes and a plurality of heat absorbing sheets that are connected with U type heat-transfer pipe, the end bending that is shaped as of described U-shaped heat-transfer pipe connects two straight tubes, described glass outer tube is an enclosed construction at its end that is positioned at the U-shaped bending of described U type heat-transfer pipe, an opposite end is a hatch frame, this hatch frame passes through end cap seal, in the pipe is vacuum state, in the projection of the horizontal section of described solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, be provided with the gap between heat absorbing sheet on the straight tube on the described U type heat-transfer pipe and the heat absorbing sheet on another straight tube; Perhaps be provided with the gap between the heat absorbing sheet on straight tube and another straight tube on the U type heat-transfer pipe 1.
The utility model can select one of following two technical schemes to implement:
1, the structure that is provided with the gap between heat absorbing sheet on the straight tube on the U type heat-transfer pipe described in the utility model and the heat absorbing sheet on another straight tube is: described heat absorbing sheet be shaped as two semicircles with glass outer tube concentric, be provided with a gap in the middle of described two semicircles, described two semicircles are fastenedly connected with the straight tube on the both sides of described U type heat-transfer pipe respectively.
2, the structure that is provided with the gap between the heat absorbing sheet on the straight tube on the U type heat-transfer pipe described in the utility model and another straight tube is: described heat absorbing sheet be shaped as circle with described U type heat-transfer pipe concentric, be fastenedly connected with a straight tube, described heat absorbing sheet is established a hole, is provided with uniform annular gap between the external diameter of this hole and another straight tube.
Further, the syndeton of heat absorbing sheet described in the utility model and straight tube and interstitial structure are interspersed at the length direction of described straight tube.
Heat absorbing sheet material and syndeton thereof:
Heat absorbing sheet described in the utility model is by the Cu-Al composite strip press forming, and described heat absorbing sheet and being connected to of described U type heat-transfer pipe are welded to connect.
The surface plating structure of U type heat-transfer pipe and heat absorbing sheet:
The surface of U type heat-transfer pipe described in the utility model and heat absorbing sheet is coated with the magnetron sputtering coating for selective absorption.
The end seal structure of U type heat-transfer pipe:
End cap described in the utility model is a metal material, the both sides straight-tube portion of described U type heat-transfer pipe passes the hole on the described end cap, between the hole of the cylindrical of described U type heat-transfer pipe and described end cap, form the space of annular, establish adiabatic spacer ring and place this space in and and cooperate closely with described U type heat-transfer pipe and end cap formation.
Above-described adiabatic spacer ring is a ceramic material; Perhaps described adiabatic spacer ring is an elastomeric material.
The structure of U type heat-transfer pipe can be one of following two schemes:
Described U type heat-transfer pipe is solid structure;
The pore structure that connects for length direction in the perhaps described U type heat-transfer pipe.
The utility model adopts technique scheme, solved the problem of the solar energy heat collection pipe existence of general employing U type heat-transfer pipe, make the straight tube of a side of U type heat-transfer pipe after absorbing the solar energy temperature and raising, can heat not passed to the lower straight tube of opposite side temperature by heat absorbing sheet, thereby make the straight tube of the higher side of temperature and the temperature difference in the water tank bigger, greatly improve the heat-transfer effect of U type heat-transfer pipe, also promptly improved the absorptivity of solar heat.
The specific embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by description to embodiment, to the effect of the mutual alignment between the shape of the specific embodiment of the present utility model such as related each member, structure, the each several part and annexation, each several part and operation principle, manufacturing process etc., be described in further detail, inventive concept of the present utility model, technical scheme had more complete, accurate and deep understanding to help those skilled in the art.
The of the present utility model structure expressed as Fig. 2, the utility model is a kind of solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, the glass outer tube 2 that comprises individual layer, be located at U type heat-transfer pipe 1 that the metal materials in the described glass outer tube 2 make and a plurality of heat absorbing sheets 3 that are connected with U type heat-transfer pipe 1, the end bending that is shaped as of described U-shaped heat-transfer pipe 1 connects two straight tubes, described glass outer tube 2 is an enclosed construction at its end that is positioned at the U-shaped bending of described U type heat-transfer pipe 1, because this enclosed construction is the structure that is used to vacuumize, there is the projection at a tip its end, so be provided with a protective cap 4 in the end of enclosed construction, protect this tip projection not broken; Opposite end at enclosed construction is a hatch frame, and this hatch frame is vacuum state by end cap 6 sealings in the pipe.Sunshine sees through glass outer tube 2, exposes on U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and the heat absorbing sheet 3, and its temperature is raise.
The runner of the heat that built-in U type heat-transfer pipe 1 forms, by circulated, that does not stop exports to water-heater water tank with heat, has improved the heat absorption efficiency of water heater effectively with the energy on the heat absorbing sheet 3.In order to keep the firm of U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and heat absorbing sheet 3, in glass outer tube 2, a holding clamp 5 need be set every a segment distance, prevent the damage that rocking of U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and heat absorbing sheet 3 caused glass outer tube 2 and the seal failure of end cap 6.
Technique scheme is compared with conventional art, has following characteristics: 1, built-in metal flow channel type vacuum heat collection pipe, utilize U type heat-transfer pipe 1 to conduct heat, utilizing antifreeze heat-transfer working medium not stop circulation conducts heat, do not leak water in the vacuum tube, do not have that vacuum tube bursts, bursting by freezing, guarantee the round-the-clock use of water heater; Cold-resistant, under-50 ℃ severe cold condition, still can operate as normal; 2, U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and heat absorbing sheet 3 are packaged in the vacuum tube, are pumped into vacuum state, and heat absorbing sheet 3 heat absorption is fast, and U type heat-transfer pipe 1 starts fast, and sunlight following a few minutes can start quantity of heat given up; Again because be vacuum state, heat radiation is few, has improved the heat transfer efficiency of vacuum tube and the collecting efficiency of water heater greatly simultaneously; 3, be used for the separate type solar hot water system, can make pressure bearing system, promptly the water in the feed-tank is exerted pressure, and the impulse force of water is big, uses comfortablely, and security is good; 4, the connected mode with water tank or heat collector (engineering is used) is connected for advanced dry type, even vacuum tube damages, water tank or heat collector can not leak yet.
In order to solve the not high problem of the heat transfer efficiency that exists at the described present known technology of this specification background technology part and to overcome its defective, realize improving the goal of the invention of the heat-conducting effect of U type heat-transfer pipe 1, the technical scheme that the utility model is taked is:
As shown in Figure 1, this solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe provided by the utility model, in the projection of the horizontal section of described solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, be provided with the gap between heat absorbing sheet 3 on the straight tube on the described U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and the heat absorbing sheet 3 on another straight tube;
Perhaps as Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, be provided with the gap between the heat absorbing sheet 3 on the U type heat-transfer pipe 1 on straight tube and another straight tube.
Adopt said structure, solved the problem of the solar energy heat collection pipe existence of general employing U type heat-transfer pipe, make the straight tube of a side of U type heat-transfer pipe after absorbing the solar energy temperature and raising, can heat not passed to the lower straight tube of opposite side temperature by heat absorbing sheet, thereby make the straight tube of the higher side of temperature and the temperature difference in the water tank bigger, greatly improved the heat-transfer effect of U type heat-transfer pipe.
The utility model also provides each concrete exemplifying embodiment of the following stated, supplies those skilled in the art's reference when implementing the utility model:
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, the structure that is provided with the gap between heat absorbing sheet 3 on the straight tube on the U type heat-transfer pipe 1 described in the utility model and the heat absorbing sheet 3 on another straight tube is:
Above-mentioned heat absorbing sheet 3 be shaped as two semicircles with glass outer tube 2 concentrics, be provided with a gap in the middle of described two semicircles, described two semicircles are fastenedly connected with the straight tube on the both sides of described U type heat-transfer pipe 1 respectively.
Two semicircular heat absorbing sheets 3 can stagger mutually at the axis direction of thermal-collecting tube.
Said structure is applied to thermal-collecting tube, and when it was installed on water heater, the plane that the U-shaped of the U type heat-transfer pipe 1 in the thermal-collecting tube constitutes was towards middle day direction the vertical direction in plane, warp place of locality (promptly with).
In the time of the morning, the heat absorbing sheet 3 of U type heat-transfer pipe 1 one sides, the absorption heat is more, the straight tube temperature of this side rises higher, but the high temperature that this side produces can be by the straight tube of heat absorbing sheet 3 biographies to opposite side, so the temperature of this side keeps higher state, make its water temperature keep the bigger temperature difference, so pass effective with water tank.Just the opposite to the following period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 3, the structure that is provided with the gap between the heat absorbing sheet 3 on the straight tube on the U type heat-transfer pipe 1 described in the utility model and another straight tube is:
Above-mentioned heat absorbing sheet 3 be shaped as circle, this circle and described U type heat-transfer pipe 1 concentric, this heat absorbing sheet 3 and a straight tube are fastenedly connected, described heat absorbing sheet 3 is established a hole, is provided with uniform annular gap between the external diameter of this hole and another straight tube.
Said structure is applied to thermal-collecting tube, when it is installed on water heater, the straight tube that U type heat-transfer pipe 1 in the thermal-collecting tube is equipped with a side of heat absorbing sheet 3 is installed (promptly towards middle day direction, also being the plane that constitutes of U-shaped and the direction of local warp place planes overlapping) up.
No matter be the morning, still afternoon, the straight tube that a side of heat absorbing sheet 3 is housed is in the condition of high temperature all the time, heat can not passed to the straight tube of opposite side in one day, improves the efficient of heat transfer.
Embodiment three:
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the syndeton and the interstitial structure of heat absorbing sheet described in the utility model 3 and straight tube are interspersed at the length direction of described straight tube.
This is on the basis of embodiment two, and unrestricted when mounted for the plane that the U-shaped that adapts to the U type heat-transfer pipe 1 in the thermal-collecting tube constitutes, any direction is installed.So adopt heat absorbing sheet 3 and the syndeton of straight tube and the form of the staggered installation of interstitial structure.
Embodiment four:
Heat absorbing sheet 3 described in the utility model is by the Cu-Al composite strip press forming, and described heat absorbing sheet 3 is welded to connect with being connected to of described U type heat-transfer pipe 1.
U type heat-transfer pipe and heat absorbing sheet 3 are combined closely and are adopted the mode of welding, strengthen its bonding strength, improve the effect of heat conduction simultaneously.Heat absorbing sheet 3 is formed by the Cu-Al composite strip compacting, has good heat-conducting and antiseptic property.
Embodiment five:
The surface of U type heat-transfer pipe 1 described in the utility model and heat absorbing sheet 3 is coated with the magnetron sputtering coating for selective absorption.
The surface of U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and heat absorbing sheet 3 is coated with the magnetron sputtering coating for selective absorption, has very high absorptivity and lower emissivity, can rapidly the transform light energy that absorbs be become heat energy.
Embodiment six:
End cap 6 described in the utility model is a metal material, the both sides straight-tube portion of described U type heat-transfer pipe 1 passes the hole on the described end cap 6, between the hole of the cylindrical of described U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and described end cap 6, form the space of annular, establish adiabatic spacer ring 7 and place this space in and and cooperate closely with described U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and end cap 6 formation.
Because U type heat-transfer pipe 1 is higher with the position temperature that cooperates, perhaps the temperature of two straight tubes is inconsistent, so require to want between U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and the end cap 6 adiabatic, and also require adiabatic between two straight tubes of U type heat-transfer pipe 1, prevent its heat conduction, so, adopt adiabatic spacer ring 7 as the thermal insulation element between U type heat-transfer pipe 1 and the end cap, simultaneously also guaranteed heat insulation between two straight tubes.Simultaneously, adiabatic spacer ring 7 also is the supporting member of U type heat-transfer pipe 1, guarantees that the installation of U type heat-transfer pipe 1 is firm.
Embodiment seven:
Adiabatic spacer ring 7 described in the utility model is a ceramic material; Perhaps described adiabatic spacer ring 7 is an elastomeric material.Because ceramic material and elastomeric material all have good heat-insulating property.The resistance to elevated temperatures of ceramic material is good, but the anti-vibration performance of ceramic material is poor slightly, and fragility is big, should not adopt in the occasion that certain vibrations are arranged.The elasticity of elastomeric material is better, good seal performance, but resistance to elevated temperatures is poorer than pottery.Adopt adhesives, before installation, be coated on the faying face, sealing property is improved.Can also adopt other material as adiabatic spacer ring 7, as plastics, silica gel etc.
Embodiment eight:
U type heat-transfer pipe 1 described in the utility model is solid structure.Adopt this structure, do not need flowing of current, structure is comparatively simple.But because fully by 1 heat conduction of U type heat-transfer pipe, so require U type heat-transfer pipe 1 that good heat conductivility will be arranged.
Embodiment nine:
The pore structure that connects for length direction in the U type heat-transfer pipe 1 described in the utility model.Adopt this structure, water is fully contacted with the tube wall of U type heat-transfer pipe 1, improve the absorptivity of heat-conducting effect and heat energy.
In sum, the technical solution of the utility model compared with prior art has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and obtains marked improvement technically, so the utlity model has novelty and creativeness.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the utility model has been carried out exemplary description above; obviously the utility model specific implementation is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as adopted the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present utility model design and technical scheme carry out; or design of the present utility model and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasion without improving, all within protection domain of the present utility model.