CN201268669Y - Multi-stage inoculation ladder type stirring composting reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-stage inoculation ladder type stirred composting reactor, comprising: a reactor body, the inner body space of which is fixed on a base; the top of the reactor is fixed with a top cover, and there is an air outlet above the top cover; The air intake sieve plate is fixed, and the reaction chamber is formed between the top cover and the air intake sieve plate; the gas buffer chamber is below each air intake sieve plate, and there is an air inlet connected to an air compressor; the reaction chamber is equipped with a ladder The agitator is located in the center of the reaction chamber, the rotating shaft is connected with a transmission device outside the reactor, and the paddles are connected by two linkage rods inside the reactor, and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the paddles are evenly distributed with inoculation holes; The shaft, connecting rod, and paddle are all hollow, and the spaces are connected to each other. They are connected to the inoculation box outside the reaction chamber through the rotating shaft, which can realize constant water replenishment, inoculation and even mixing during the composting process.

Description

Multi-stage inoculation ladder type stirred composting reactor

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of resource utilization of solid waste, and in particular relates to a multi-stage inoculation ladder-type stirring composting reactor for small-scale composting, which can be inoculated online and can replenish water and supply oxygen during the stirring process.

technical background

The parameter optimization of aerobic composting as an effective method for domestic waste disposal has always been a problem to be solved. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop an experimental device for the composting of organic waste. At present, most of the composting tests at home and abroad use large-scale device tests, and some use laboratory device tests. Compared with large-scale device tests, laboratory device tests have the advantages of being less affected by weather, easy to control, and occupying a small area. Therefore, the development of experimental devices for composting treatment is particularly necessary.

There are many reports on the development of composting devices used in laboratory simulations. According to the purpose of the designer, their characteristics are also quite different, such as the flip-type composting reaction with the characteristics of uniform stacking and stirring, simple feeding and discharging, and balanced gas supply. The device; the gravity flap type garbage rapid composting device with the characteristics of short fermentation cycle, low wind consumption, and small footprint; a new static reactor with the advantages of good heat preservation effect, multi-point sampling, and convenient testing. The composting primary fermentation and secondary fermentation are carried out separately, and the two-chamber composting bioreactor that can deal with the secondary pollution caused by composting, and the dynamic box reactor with stirring device. The research and application of these reactors has played a vital role in the in-depth study of composting and has played a certain role in promoting the industrialization of composting.

Through the research on many reactors and composting technologies, it is found that in order to accelerate compost maturity and improve composting efficiency, reasonable loose structure of compost materials, good ventilation and support, suitable moisture content and inoculation of exogenous microbial agents that promote degradation is a crucial factor, among which the research of efficient exogenous inoculant is currently the research thermoelectric in the field of composting technology.

The research on compost inoculation technology at home and abroad has made great progress, which has obviously promoted the process of composting reaction. The traditional composting method generally adopts the method of increasing nutrition and improving environmental conditions, and uses the beneficial microorganisms in the composting raw materials to degrade organic pollutants. However, due to the small number of beneficial microorganisms in the initial stage of composting, it takes a certain time to reproduce, so traditional composting often There are problems such as long fermentation time, odor and low fertilizer efficiency. Professor Chen Huagui, a famous microbiologist, pointed out in the book Microbiology edited by him that in the process of composting, artificial inoculation of microorganisms with strong ability to decompose organic matter can increase the total number of beneficial microorganisms in the initial composting material and accelerate the maturity of composting materials. , and high temperature has a greater effect on eliminating certain pathogens, insect eggs and weed seeds, and can control the generation of odor and increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in the finished compost.

There are three main types of inoculants currently used: microbial culture agents, commercial additives, and effective natural materials. There are also many vaccination methods, such as the three-stage vaccination method and the multi-stage vaccination method proposed by Xi Beidou et al. Experiments have shown that high-efficiency inoculants and appropriate inoculation methods can get twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, it is of great significance to study high-efficiency microbial agents and inoculation methods.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-stage inoculation ladder-type stirring composting reactor to meet the needs of composting production and experiment process, and the composting and inoculation can be carried out online at any time.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a multi-stage inoculation ladder type stirring composting reactor, its main structure includes:

A main body of the reactor, the top of which is fixed with a top cover, and there is an air outlet above the top cover;

The lower part of the internal space of the reactor main body is fixed with an air inlet sieve plate, and a reaction chamber is formed between the top cover and the air inlet sieve plate;

Below the air inlet sieve plate is a gas buffer chamber with an air inlet, and an air compressor is connected through the air inlet;

A leachate outlet is opened at the bottom of the gas buffer chamber;

A ladder-type agitator, which consists of a main rotating shaft that is a hollow tube, which is rotatably arranged horizontally in the reaction chamber, and the outer shell at one end of the main rotating shaft is connected to the transmission device outside the reaction chamber, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow pipe passes through The pipeline is connected with the inoculation box outside the reaction chamber;

Two linkage rods are vertically fixed on both sides of the main rotating shaft, and the two linkage rods on each side are symmetrically located on both sides of the driving shaft, and the linkage rods are hollow tubes;

Several paddles are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main rotating shaft and installed between two linkage rods horizontally with the driving shaft. the inoculation hole;

The driving shaft, the linkage rod and the paddle are internally communicated.

The multi-stage inoculation ladder type stirring composting reactor provided by the utility model can meet the needs of composting production, and can carry out composting water replenishment and inoculation online at any time during the experiment process, and can realize uniform mixing. Based on the simulation of laboratory composting experiments, it is convenient for the process control of experimental parameters, and can meet the needs of online inoculation during the composting process and can supply water and oxygen during the stirring process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

Detailed ways

The utility model provides a multi-stage inoculation ladder-type stirring composting reactor, the main body of which is a reactor, the inside of which is a cuboid-shaped airtight reaction chamber for fermentation, and a ladder-type agitator is installed in the middle of the reaction chamber;

The top of the main body of the reactor is fixed with a top cover, and the upper part of a space under the top cover is provided with a closed screen for fermentation bin;

The lower part of a space of the reactor is fixed with an inlet sieve plate, and a reaction chamber is formed between the sealing sieve and the inlet sieve plate, and the specification length×width×height is 1.0m×1.0m×1.0m;

A gas buffer chamber is connected under the inlet sieve plate;

The gas buffer chamber is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected with an air compressor;

A leachate outlet is opened at the bottom of the gas buffer chamber;

The top cover of the fermentation bin is provided with an air outlet pipe;

A closed insulation layer is attached to the main body of the reactor, and there are two temperature sensors inside, which are respectively located at the upper and bottom of the fermentation chamber;

The sieve hole diameter of the air sieve plate is 1mm;

A ladder agitator is installed in the middle of the reaction chamber;

The ladder agitator is installed on the rotating shaft in the middle of the reaction chamber. The rotating shaft is connected with the transmission device, and a stop device is installed on the main shaft; the rotating shaft is hollow and connected to the inoculation box through the inoculation tube; the rotating shaft passes through the linkage The rod is connected with 8 cylindrical paddles to achieve linkage. The blades and the plane of the linkage rod form an angle of 30°. The hollow of the linkage rod is the same as the rotation axis, which is convenient for the circulation of the inoculation solution; 8 scraper-shaped blades, 5 cm wide and 85 cm long, Symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating shaft, 9 inoculation holes are evenly distributed on each paddle, and the diameter of the inoculation port is 0.5cm.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 the utility model is described in detail.

The multi-stage inoculation ladder type stirring composting reactor of the present utility model has its specific structure as shown in Figure 1, and its specific implementation is as follows:

The top of the reactor is provided with a top cover 1 on which an outlet pipe 2 is installed, and the top cover 1 is fixed on the top of the reactor through a flange. The lower part of the space below the top cover 1 is provided with an air intake sieve plate 3 , and the reaction chamber 4 is formed between the top cover 1 and the air intake sieve plate 3 . The upper part of the reaction chamber is 10 cm away from the top cover and 10 cm away from the inlet sieve plate, and a temperature probe 5 is installed for comparison and recording of the upper and lower space temperatures of the reaction chamber. The inlet sieve plate at the bottom of the reaction chamber has a sieve hole of 0.5mm, and is fixed on the reactor base 6 through a flange, so as to be disassembled, washed and replaced. Materials enter through the top cover. The material is fermented in the space above the inlet sieve plate, that is, in the reaction chamber. The bottom of the inlet sieve plate is connected with the gas buffer chamber 7. The bottom of the buffer chamber is inclined, and there is an air guide pipe connected to the air compressor 8. When the compressor is turned on, the gas is first sent into the buffer chamber, and then passes through the inlet sieve plate to reach the material The fermented reaction chamber is finally discharged through the air outlet on the top cover. The leachate discharged from the material flows into the gas buffer chamber 7 through the inlet sieve plate 3, and finally collects at the inclined end, and is discharged from the leachate collection port 9. A rotating shaft 10 is installed in the middle of the reaction chamber, and a rotating device 11 is connected to the outside, and 8 paddles 13 are connected to the inside through a linkage rod 12. And through the rotating shaft 10, it is connected with the inoculation box 14 outside the reaction chamber. The inoculation box 14 can inject liquid fermentation liquid, compost supplementary water, etc. into the compost material through the inoculation port 15 of the paddle through pressure, and can be mixed evenly by stirring.

Main features of the utility model are as follows:

1) Ladder mixer

The utility model is designed with a ladder-type agitator in the airtight reaction chamber, which is characterized in that the agitator is ladder-shaped, and the linkage rod is connected with 8 paddles. Driven by the rotation and pumping, it can cover almost the entire space of the fermentation chamber. Strong mixing and mixing ability.

2) Constant online inoculation and hydration design

Composting fermentation materials are generally solid and poorly mixed, which brings troubles to the uniformity of online water replenishment, inoculation, and ventilation during the composting process. Especially in composting experimental research, due to the limitation of the reactor, manual water replenishment, Inoculation, this method is not only ineffective, but also changes the results of the composting environment impact test. The ladder type agitator of this design is equipped with an inoculation port. It is characterized in that the material can be inoculated and replenished with water during the stirring process. With the rotation of the paddle, the inoculant and water are evenly mixed into each part of the pile. Partly, the reaction chamber is sealed throughout the whole process, which reduces the risk of exposure to the fermentation compost, which is of great significance to the scientificity, rigor, and repeatability of composting experiments.

3) Stirring and ventilation

The inoculation port on the agitator can also play the role of ventilation. When not inoculating, the inoculation port of the agitator can ventilate the heap. With the agitation, the efficiency of ventilation and oxygen supply is improved, thereby improving composting efficiency and reducing ventilation energy consumption. The air compressor at the bottom of the equipment can start to work when the agitator stops or other situations.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of multistage inoculation ladder type stirs compost reactor, it is characterized in that, comprising:

One reactor body, its top is fixed with top cover, and there is the air outlet top cover top;

The bottom, internal space of described reactor body is fixed with the air inlet sieve plate, constitutes reaction warehouse between top cover and the air inlet sieve plate;

Air inlet sieve plate below is the gas buffer chamber, and is provided with inlet mouth, and connects an air compressor by described inlet mouth;

Percolate outlet is offered in bottom, gas buffer chamber;

One ladder type agitator, it consists of, and a main rotary shaft is a hollow tube, is horizontally placed on rotationally in the reaction warehouse, the transmission mechanism outside the outer pipe shell ligation storehouse of main rotary shaft one end, its hollow tube internal diameter is connected by the outer inoculation tank of pipeline and reaction warehouse;

Each vertically is fixed with two gangbar the both sides of main rotary shaft, and two gangbar in every limit are symmetrically in the both sides of main drive shaft, and described gangbar is a hollow tube;

Several blades, be distributed in symmetrically the main rotary shaft both sides and and main drive shaft flatly be installed between two gangbar, described blade is a hollow tube, offers the inoculation hole of perforation on the hollow tube of described blade;

Main drive shaft, gangbar and blade inside are communicated by hollow tube.

2, multistage inoculation ladder type as claimed in claim 1 stirs compost reactor, it is characterized in that reaction warehouse inside is provided with two temperature sensors, and one is positioned at 15cm place, top cover below, and another is positioned at 15cm place, air inlet sieve plate top.

3, multistage inoculation ladder type as claimed in claim 1 stirs compost reactor, it is characterized in that the plane of blade and gangbar is 30 ° of angles.

4, multistage inoculation ladder type as claimed in claim 1 stirs compost reactor, it is characterized in that the inoculation hole on the blade hollow tube is a uniform distribution.

5, multistage inoculation ladder type as claimed in claim 1 or 2 stirs compost reactor, it is characterized in that its bore of inoculation hole on the blade is 0.5cm.

6, multistage inoculation ladder type as claimed in claim 1 stirs compost reactor, it is characterized in that reactor body is outward with closed thermal insulation layer.

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