CN201248012Y - Three-phase APFC circuit based on IR1150 control chip - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a three phase APFC circuit based on an IR1150 control chip in the filed of power factor correcting circuits. Two output ends of each rectified phase AC are firstly connected in parallel with an HF filtering capacitor, secondly, the two output ends are connected in series with a boosted inductor, the voltage negative terminal is connected in series with a current sample resistor, and then is connected in parallel with a switch tube circuit together with the voltage positive terminal; the voltage positive terminal is connected with the anode of a diode, the voltage negative terminal is connected with the anode of the other diode, the other ends of the two diodes are connected in parallel with diodes of the other corresponding two phase circuit, and a filter capacitor and two divider resistors are bridged between the two output ends after the parallel connection; the current sample resistor is connected with the current ring input end of an IR1150 control circuit, the two divider resistors transmit voltage signals to the IR1150 control circuit which outputs switch signals for controlling the switch tube circuit. The utility model causes the current of the three-phase AC to be sine wave and the power factor to reach more than 0.99.

Description

Three-phase APFC circuit based on the IR1150 control chip

Technical field

The utility model relates to three-phase active power factor correcting circuit, and it is applicable to that all need be the power electronic equipment of direct current (DC) with three-phase alternating current (AC) rectification.

Background technology

The AC/DC translation circuit all has large bulk capacitance in the DC side, and its effect is the ripple that reduces direct voltage, and still, big electric capacity reduces the rectifier angle of flow, and the current harmonics composition increases, and power factor descends.

Power factor corrector (PFC) can improve the power factor of power electronic equipment, cuts down the harmonic wave that power electronic equipment discharges to electrical network.PFC divides PPFC (Passive Power Factor Correction) device and active power factor corrector (APFC) two big classes.The APFC adjuster divides single-phase APFC and three-phase APFC again, and three-phase APFC is bigger than single-phase APFC difficulty---control complexity, reliability decrease, cost height.The utility model belongs to three-phase APFC.

IR1150 is a kind of novel monocycle control chip that IR company designs for single-phase APFC specially, can control APFC effectively and follow the tracks of grid voltage waveform, thereby the electric current that single-phase AC/DC translation circuit is drawn from electrical network approaches sine, power factor approaches 1 from the current waveform that electrical network absorbs.The major advantage of IR1150 is: saved that grid voltage waveform detects that link, current limiting characteristic are good, reliable operation etc.

But IR1150 only is applicable to single-phase APFC, does not see that so far IR1150 is used for the report of three-phase APFC.The utility model successfully is used for IR1150 three-phase APFC first, and has solved technical problems such as main circuit design, alternate coupling, alternate current-sharing.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of three-phase APFC circuit based on the IR1150 control chip, makes that the IR1150 control chip is applied to three-phase APFC circuit, improves power factor.

The purpose of this utility model is to open realization by following technical solution: a kind of three-phase APFC circuit based on the IR1150 control chip, it is input as three-phase alternating current, the two ends elder generation that each cross streams electricity is exported behind rectifier circuit also connects high-frequency filter capacitor, be connected in series boost inductance respectively at two outputs then, after the voltage negative terminal of serial connection boost inductance is connected in series a current sampling resistor again, with the voltage anode that is connected in series boost inductance and connect a switching tube circuit, and after connecing the switching tube circuit, the anode of voltage links to each other with the anode of a diode, the negative terminal of voltage links to each other with the negative electrode of another diode, the other end of two diodes is in parallel with corresponding other quarter-phase circuit diode, and cross-over connection has ripple filtering electric capacity and two divider resistances between two outputs of back in parallel; The current sampling resistor two ends link to each other with the electric current loop input of IR1150 control circuit respectively, two divider resistances link to each other voltage signal with the Voltage loop input of IR1150 control circuit, the IR1150 control circuit comes control switch pipe circuit by output switching signal after detecting electric current and voltage signal.

This three-phase APFC input current is continuous sine wave, and power factor can reach more than 0.99, and simple in structure, cost is very low, reliable operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the main circuit based on the three-phase APFC of IR1150 control chip.

Fig. 2 is the IR1150 control circuit of A phase.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are three-phase decoupling zero circuit.

Fig. 5 is amended Voltage loop compensator equivalent circuit.

Embodiment

Introduce three-phase APFC and method for designing thereof below: as shown in Figure 1 based on the IR1150 control chip, be input as three-phase alternating current Ua, Ub, Uc, with Ua is example mutually, the two ends elder generation that this cross streams electricity is exported behind rectifier circuit BR also meets high-frequency filter capacitor Ca1, be connected in series boost inductance La1 respectively at two outputs then, La2, after the voltage negative terminal of serial connection boost inductance is connected in series a current sampling resistor Ra1 again, with the voltage anode that is connected in series boost inductance and connect a switching tube circuit, and after connecing the switching tube circuit, the anode of voltage links to each other with the anode of a diode Da1, the negative terminal of voltage links to each other with the negative electrode of another diode Da2, Ub, the circuit structure of Uc two-phase is mutually identical with Ua, the other end of arbitrary two diodes in mutually is in parallel with corresponding other quarter-phase circuit diode, and cross-over connection has ripple filtering electric capacity and two divider resistance R11 between two outputs of back in parallel, R12; The current sampling resistor two ends link to each other with the electric current loop input of IR1150 control circuit respectively, two divider resistances link to each other voltage signal with the Voltage loop input of IR1150 control circuit, the IR1150 control circuit comes control switch pipe circuit by output switching signal after detecting electric current and voltage signal.

Main circuit based on the three-phase APFC of IR1150 control chip, obviously three-phase circuit is a symmetry among the three-phase APFC---can regard three single-phase APFC ' parallel connections as ', certainly this ' parallel connection ' is not simple and mechanical parallel connection, and it must solve the alternate specific questions such as idol, alternate current-sharing of separating.

See between the three-phase it is decoupling zero how below.For this problem is described, we still suppose: when $0<\mathrm{\&omega;t}<\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{6}$ The time, u _A0, u _B＜0, u _C0, | u _B| | u _C| | u _A|, u then _AB0, u _BC＜0, u _CA0, | u _BC| | u _AB| | u _CA|, the input voltage of isolated form DC/DC converter is V _O, each single-phase APFC circuit working under the continuous current pattern, the switch periods of A, B, C phase $d_a=1-\frac{\left|u_{\mathrm{AB}}\right|}{V_O},$ $d_b=1-\frac{\left|u_{\mathrm{BC}}\right|}{V_O},$ $d_c=1-\frac{\left|u_{\mathrm{CA}}\right|}{V_O},$ According to | u _BC| | u _AB| | u _CA| can get d _cD _aD _bIf the switching tube of three Single-phase PFC circuit is open-minded simultaneously, the three-phase current straight line rises, and does not have coupling between the three-phase, up to d _bT _S(T _SBe switch periods) when the switching tube of B phase turn-offed, the electric current of B phase began to descend, and other two-phase is constant.At d _aT _SAfter, the switching tube of A phase also turn-offs, and at this moment Shi Ji circuit becomes as shown in Figure 3, and A, B phase inductance electric current satisfy formula (1)

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{i}_{1a}+i_{1b}-i_{2a}-i_{2b}=0\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1b}}{\mathrm{dt}}+L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2b}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\left|U_{\mathrm{BC}}\right|-V_O\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2a}}{\mathrm{dt}}-L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2b}}{\mathrm{dt}}=0\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1b}}{\mathrm{dt}}-L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1a}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\left|U_{\mathrm{CA}}\right|\end{array}\right.---\left(1\right)$

At d _cT _SAfter, the switching tube of C phase also turn-offs.At this moment side circuit becomes as Fig. 4 and shows that A, B, C phase inductance electric current satisfy formula (3)

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{i}_{1a}+i_{1b}+i_{1c}-i_{2a}-i_{2b}-i_{2c}=0\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1a}}{\mathrm{dt}}+L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2c}}{\mathrm{dt}}=-V_O\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1a}}{\mathrm{dt}}+L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2a}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\left|U_{\mathrm{AB}}\right|-V_O\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2a}}{\mathrm{dt}}-L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2b}}{\mathrm{dt}}=0\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1b}}{\mathrm{dt}}+L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{2c}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\left|U_{\mathrm{CA}}\right|-V_O\\ L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1b}}{\mathrm{dt}}-L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{1c}}{\mathrm{dt}}=0\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

From as can be seen with following formula (2) and formula (4), the rate of change of the electric current of two branch roads of every phase is different, relevant with total input voltage, so still be to have coupling between the three-phase current, this three-phase APFC circuit belongs to partly decoupled three-phase APFC circuit, can not change so under the situation of input, raising output voltage and increase inductance value can improve the coupling between the three-phase effectively.

Each has an IR1150 control circuit mutually, and the IR1150 control circuit of three-phase is identical, so as long as Fig. 2 only provides the control circuit of A phase---introduced the method for designing of A interaction circuit.

If predetermined specification requirement is: input voltage

, rated output power, P _Out=734W

The operating frequency of IR1150 is 50～200KHz, takes into account volume and efficient, and the switching frequency of circuit is chosen as f _S=53KHz according to the operating frequency of the oscillator of IR1150 and the curve relation figure of outer meeting resistance and temperature, determines that outer meeting resistance is 150K.

According to the voltage withstand class and the pfc circuit need of work of one-level after the consideration of IR1150, output voltage must be greater than the three phase rectifier output voltage, so get rated output voltage V _O=620V.

Maximal input $P_{\mathrm{in}}=\frac{P_{\mathrm{out}}}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}=\frac{734}{92\%}=798W.$

Inductance will determine the size at input side high frequency ripple electric current, and its value is relevant with the size of ripple current.Inductance value is decided by the alternating current peak value of input side.Peak inrush current line voltage occurs hour the time, $I_{\mathrm{inpk}}\left(\max \right)=\frac{\sqrt{2}{P}_n}{V_{\mathrm{in}}\left(\min \right)}=\frac{\sqrt{2}\&times;798}{304}=3.72A,$

In general, the ripple current peak value on the inductance is set to 20% of max line electricity peak value, maximum high frequency voltage ripple coefficient r (Δ U more _In/ U _In) being generally 3%～9%, design gets 5%.

Rectification output high-frequency filter capacitor $C_{\mathrm{in}}=\frac{K_{\mathrm{\&Delta;I}}{I}_{\mathrm{inpk}}\left(\max \right)}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{f}_{S}r{V}_{\mathrm{in}\left(\min \right)}}=\frac{0.2\&times;3.72}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;53\&times;{10}^3\&times;0.05\&times;304}=0.15\mathrm{uF}$ , the actual 0.47uF that gets.

Inductance value is the peak current during by the halfwave rectifier minimum output voltage, the duty ratio D when this voltage, switching frequency f _SRipple coefficient K with inductive current _{Δ I}=20% determines.

$D=\frac{V_O-\sqrt{2}{V}_{\mathrm{in}}\left(\min \right)}{V_O}=\frac{620-\sqrt{2}\&times;304}{620}0.307,$

$L=\frac{\sqrt{2}{V}_{\mathrm{in}}\left(\min \right)D}{f_S{K}_{\mathrm{\&Delta;I}}{I}_{\mathrm{inpk}}\left(\max \right)}=\frac{\sqrt{2}\&times;304\&times;0.307}{55\&times;{10}^3\&times;0.2\&times;3.72}=3.23\mathrm{mH},$ ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="Y200820185185E00111.png,Y200820185185E00112.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="Y200820185185E00111.png,Y200820185185E00112.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="Y200820185185E00111.png,Y200820185185E00112.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}{2}=1.62\mathrm{mH},$ The actual 1.8mH that gets

When selecting output capacitance, holding time of output voltage usually is most important factor.Holding time is meant that output voltage still can maintain the time span of certain particular range when intake ends, and typically holding time is 15 to 50mS, and getting holds time is 15mS, output capacitance value $C_{\mathrm{out}}=\frac{2\&times;P_{\mathrm{out}}\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;t}}{{V_O}^2-{V_{O\left(\min \right)}}^2}=\frac{2\&times;734\&times;15\&times;{10}^{-3}}{{620}^2-{580}^2}459\mathrm{uF}$ , the actual 470uF that gets is placed on output capacitance in the one-level circuit of back.

Inductive current peak limit value: I _In(pk)=I _Inpk(max)+K _{Δ I}I _Inpk(max)=and 3.72+0.2 * 3.72=4.464A is according to inductive current peak and output voltage, considers safety allowance, and power switch pipe is selected IXFK24N100F for use, and (24A, 1000V), diode considers that starting current is bigger, adopts

DSEI60-10A (60A, 1000V), rectifier bridge select KBPC3510 (35A, 1000V).The drive circuit of switching tube adopts direct drive mode, resistance of string between the gate pole of pulse signal and MOSFET greater than 5 Ω, in order to avoid when driving capacitive load, the generation output current overshoot.At G, S interpolar resistance in parallel of MOSFET, to avoid switching tube and mislead simultaneously greater than 3K.

Voltage limit value on the current sampling resistor is 1V, so the maximum of sampling resistor $R_S\left(\max \right)=\frac{1}{I_{\mathrm{in}}\left(\mathrm{pk}\right)}=\frac{1}{4.464}=0.22\mathrm{\&Omega;}$ , actual R _S=0.15 Ω.

R gets 100 Ω in the R of electric current loop, the C filter circuit, and electric capacity is got 1nF, and then the cut-off frequency of electric current loop filter circuit is $f_i=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{R}_i{C}_i}=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;100\&times;1000\&times;{10}^{-12}}=1.591\mathrm{MHz}$ , the noise signal that is higher than 1.591MHz will be by filtering.

Enable voltage is 0.7V, and by 15V power supply dividing potential drop, divider resistance is got 9.1K Ω and 5.1K Ω (as long as voltage is higher than 0.7V after the dividing potential drop, guarantee that circuit can correctly work), the time-delay enable circuits adopts the capacitance-resistance time-delay, and delay time is got 1.1S, resistance is got 51K Ω, and then electric capacity is $\frac{1.1}{51\&times;{10}^3}\&ap;220\mathrm{uF}$ , it is the ceramic disc capacitor of 0.1uF and the electrochemical capacitor of 10uF that the power supply place of IR1150 adds shunt capacitance.

Because output voltage feedback is isolated, so the Voltage loop compensator is equivalent to as shown in Figure 5 structure behind original recommendation circuit modification

In view of C ₉Numerical value is less, and is an inertial element, and is smaller to the stability influence of system, so can ignore C ₉With the simplified system transfer function.

$R_{17}//C_{10}:G_1\left(S\right)=\frac{R_{17}}{R_{17}{C}_{10}S+1}$

$R_{10}+R_{17}//C_{10}:G_2\left(S\right)=\frac{R_{10}{R}_{17}{C}_{10}S+R_{10}+R_{17}}{R_{17}{C}_{10}S+1}$

$R_{e2}+R_{10}+R_{17}//C_{10}:G_3\left(S\right){=R}_{e2}+\frac{R_{10}{R}_{17}{C}_{10}S+R_{10}+R_{17}}{R_{17}{C}_{10}S+1}$

$G\left(S\right)=\frac{R_{e2}}{R_{e1}}+\frac{R_{10}{R}_{17}{C}_{10}S+R_{10}+R_{17}}{(R_{17}{C}_{10}S+1)R_{e1}}$

This Voltage loop compensator has a zero point

$\mathrm{\&sigma;}=-\frac{R_{10}+R_{17}}{R_{10}{R}_{17}{C}_{10}}=-\frac{22\&times;{10}^3+100\&times;{10}^3}{22\&times;{10}^3\&times;100\&times;{10}^3\&times;2\&times;{10}^{-6}}=-27.7;$

A limit $\mathrm{\&rho;}=-\frac{1}{R_{17}{C}_{10}}=\frac{1}{100\&times;{10}^3\&times;2\&times;{10}^{-6}}=-5$

The equivalence of back one-level DC/DC module is a third-order system, and all close imaginary axis of the zero limit of compensator, the voltage close loop loop that they constituted is stable.

The output voltage that occurs prime APFC in the debug process of the system of two-stage APFC produces the warning that overshoot causes the DC module when load is switched.According to analysis, APFC will realize improving power factor needs the three-phase current relative equilibrium, the relative equilibrium that realizes three-phase current needs the load characteristic of single-phase APFC soft partially, is not having under the situation of equalizing controller like this, can realize the relative equilibrium of three-phase current automatically.Under the soft partially situation of the load characteristic of single-phase APFC, during to zero load, output voltage must have the warning that an overshoot causes the DC module from fully loaded in load.Revise the voltage control loop of PFC, with the load characteristic hardening of Single-phase PFC, during load variations, output voltage change in voltage scope diminishes, and satisfies the input voltage range (changing R10 in the control circuit into 200K from 22K) of one-level DC module afterwards like this.Become the zero point of Voltage loop compensator so

$\mathrm{\&sigma;}\&prime;=-\frac{R_{10}+R_{17}}{R_{10}{R}_{17}{C}_{10}}=-\frac{200\&times;{10}^3+100\&times;{10}^3}{200\&times;{10}^3\&times;100\&times;{10}^3\&times;2\&times;{10}^{-6}}=-7.5$

The limit of Voltage loop compensator becomes

$\mathrm{\&rho;}\&prime;=-\frac{1}{R_{17}{C}_{10}}=\frac{1}{100\&times;{10}^3\&times;2\&times;{10}^{-6}}=-5$

Amended zero point the more close imaginary axis, the output voltage overshoot reduces in the time of can satisfying load and switch.

Because three phase controllers has adopted same (direct current) feedback voltage, so, just can realize the three-phase current-sharing as long as regulate the current feedback coefficient of three phase controllers respectively.

This three-phase APFC input current is continuous sine wave, and power factor can reach more than 0.99, and simple in structure, cost is very low, reliable operation.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of three-phase APFC circuit based on the IR1150 control chip, it is characterized in that: be input as three-phase alternating current, the two ends elder generation that each cross streams electricity is exported behind rectifier circuit also connects high-frequency filter capacitor, be connected in series boost inductance respectively at two outputs then, after the voltage negative terminal of serial connection boost inductance is connected in series a current sampling resistor again, with the voltage anode that is connected in series boost inductance and connect a switching tube circuit, and after connecing the switching tube circuit, the anode of voltage links to each other with the anode of a diode, the negative terminal of voltage links to each other with the negative electrode of another diode, the other end of two diodes is in parallel with corresponding other quarter-phase circuit diode, and cross-over connection has ripple filtering electric capacity and two divider resistances between two outputs of back in parallel; The current sampling resistor two ends link to each other with the electric current loop input of IR1150 control circuit respectively, two divider resistances link to each other voltage signal with the Voltage loop input of IR1150 control circuit, the IR1150 control circuit comes control switch pipe circuit by output switching signal after detecting electric current and voltage signal.

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