CN201223944Y

CN201223944Y - Plasma rotating electrode pulverizing machine

Info

Publication number: CN201223944Y
Application number: CNU2008200297732U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建利
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-07-18
Filing date: 2008-07-18
Publication date: 2009-04-22
Anticipated expiration: 2018-07-18

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a plasma rotating electrode milling unit in the powder metallurgy technical field and comprises a rotary feeding mechanism, a vacuum furnace for spherical powder forming, a vacuum unit for vacuumizing the vacuum furnace, a plasma gun device and a power supply; the rotary feeding mechanism is used to fix the processed metal rod serving as the anode rod and drive the anode rod to make high-speed rotation and gradual feeding; the plasma gun device is used as the arc striking cathode to establish arc to melt the anode rod; the power supply provides power for the entire unit; the rotary feeding mechanism is arranged outside one side of the vacuum furnace; the plasma gun device is located in the other side of the vacuum furnace; the vacuum unit is communicated with the interior of the vacuum furnace through a ventilation pipe; the vacuum furnace body has a double-layer sandwich structure; and the sandwich layer is filled with cooling circulating water. The plasma rotating electrode milling unit has the advantages that the yield of perfect metal spherical powders prepared by the unit reaches 97%, and the products are free from any pollution caused by trace elements.

Description

The plasma rotating electrode milling machine group

Technical field

The utility model relates to powder metallurgical technology, and particularly a kind of process units of producing perfect spherical microballon powder especially can be finished the spherical powder of high-melting-point, refractory metal and produce.

Background technology

At present, known metal ball shaped powder is produced by gas atomization, modes such as water body atomizing are produced, the yield rate that the above two modes of production are produced the perfect spherical powder of metal is about 10%-12%, spheroid has hollow state to occur and sorting fully, all can change its chemical property generally speaking to prepared material micropollution.

According to retrieval, utilize the process equipment of plasma technology for the metal dust producing nano metal particles in enormous quantities and design, primary structure is to be mounted with plasma gun on the top of the housing of high-temperature resistant material of inner lining, the bottom is mounted with the crucible that contains metal liquid accordingly, while housing also opening is connected with particle controller, as Chinese patent application 01246486.4.It need melt metal in advance, and the metal ball shaped shape of preparation lacks perfection.Also has a kind of strip piece (strip that constitutes for simple substance by non-ferrous metals such as titanium or carbon, wire, tabular, tubuloses etc.) mother metal carries out the method (Chinese patent application 200510092164.2) of powdered, the basic technology characteristics are to heat with plasma injector, the feasible impurity that is included in the mother metal is decomposed and gasifies or slagization, carry out separating treatment again, make mother metal be transformed to plasmoid simultaneously, then, utilize pressure-air winding-up to be made it under plasmoid, emit energy by the mother metal of plasma, thus the metal dust that mother metal is become have fine particle size.

Summary of the invention

The utility model purpose provides a kind of plasma rotating electrode milling machine group, keeps the metallochemistry performance not change, and improves simultaneously and produces making yield rate and making the cleanliness factor of finished product of the perfect spherical powder of metal.

Specifically, the plasma rotating electrode milling machine group, it comprises: be used for fixing as the work metal bar of anode stub and drive that anode stub rotates at a high speed and the rotating feed mechanism of feeding progressively; The vacuum drying oven that is used for the spherical powder moulding; Be used for vacuum unit that vacuum drying oven is vacuumized; As the striking negative electrode and set up the plasma gun device that arc light dissolves anode stub; The power supply of power is provided for whole unit; Rotating feed mechanism is positioned at outside vacuum drying oven one side, and the plasma gun device is positioned at the other side of vacuum drying oven; The vacuum unit is communicated with by air draft pipe with vacuum drying oven is interior, and the double-deck sandwich of vacuum drying oven body of heater is connected with cooling circulating water in the interlayer; In vacuum drying oven 2 bottoms receiving mechanism is housed, this receiving mechanism is the stop valve of two series connection.The stop valve of opening earlier during rewinding near vacuum furnace body top makes powder flow to the vacant part in centre of series connection stop valve, closes the top stop valve then, avoids destroying the vacuum environment of vacuum furnace body, opens the bottom stop valve again and powder is put the people has enough to meet the need in the charging basket.

The plasma gun device is a transferred arc formula plasma gun, and power reaches 56～100KW, electric current 1400～2000A, voltage 50～60V.Adopt transferred arc formula plasma gun as thermal source, between negative electrode and anode, make argon gas ionization set up arc light, constitute plasma by the ionized gas of charged arc, arc light becomes negative electrode after shifting, and the bar that is melted is an anode, shift big electric current, anode is dissolved.

The V-type dynamic seal ring that exotic material is made is housed between anode stub and vacuum drying oven.The V-type dynamic seal ring of particular design, adopt resistant to elevated temperatures import silicon rubber, adopt the nanoscale special purpose ingredient, improve the hear resistance of material of main part, reduce the dry friction coefficient of main material, increase the thermal diffusivity of material of main part, the employing special warfare processes, the special circle of this special movable sealing, extreme case can move 24 hours continuously, has solved the key technology that influences domestic same category of device development for many years.

Described vacuum unit is by mechanical pump, lobe pump, diffusion pump combined running.Use mechanical pump, lobe pump, diffusion pump combined running, before the work beginning air in the body of heater is extracted out, guarantee the purity of argon gas, make the alloy liquid of the easy oxidation under high-temperature liquid state not oxidized, make it keep original chemical composition and physical property, its vacuum remains in the working environment of 310-3 (10 negative 3 powers) Pa.

Described rotating feed mechanism comprises anode stub and reducing gear and the feed screw that high-speed electric expreess locomotive, brush, feeding raw bar material constitute; High-speed electric expreess locomotive is connected with brush by shaft coupling, and anode stub is fixed on the brush axle; The brush bottom is connected with screw mandrel by screw thread, and the other end of screw mandrel is connected with the reducing gear output shaft.The bar feed mechanism has adopted anti-bar shaker mechanism, and its structure is to set up a kind of three rod cribbings, installs three and is the radial distribution steamboat with the anode stub clamping along bar, and its edge just is cut in anode stub.Rotating feed mechanism mainly acts on to be high rotation and raw bar material is moved forward steadily by the technology schedule requirement, and it is dissolved under the control situation on request.The function of brush is brush closely is connected with main shaft and produces friction, the big electric current (50～60V voltage) of 1400～2000A is transmitted to the electric current of electrode anode bar by the CONTACT WITH FRICTION of brush and main shaft, be delivered to the termination of anode bar by anode stub, the interior tungsten level (negative electrode) of itself and body of heater is connected by argon gas produces argon arc, fusing anode bar.Under the prerequisite that other working environments are constant in body of heater, electric current is big more, and arc light is strong more, and fusion temperature is high more.

Brush is that eight brushes of four rows are taked arranged type structure mounting arrangements, and the while brush is connected with the main shaft shell has taked spring to connect level pressure.The method of the quantity by strengthening brush, make design current increase by one times, reach 2000A, realized powerful electric current is converted into the argon arc conversion of energy, the maximum temperature of this project of making thermal source reaches 3600 degree, than the maximum temperature height of other producers 2200 degree 1400 degree.Change the material of brush into soft friction that 42 bronze medals (graphite oozes copper) have been realized brush and anode stub by original employing 95 bronze medals, under the situation that does not influence the brush conduction, reduced the hard friction loss of brush, increased the brush working time, reduced cost.

Brush is connected with the main shaft shell taked spring to connect level pressure ground method, guaranteed that electric current constantly passes through main shaft conductive anode bar.The transmission of powder manufacturing apparatus is to realize by the conductive capability of raw material electrode bar.In whole current system, raw bar material is exposed to the outside as anode, and negative electrode is as the tungsten cathode of negative electrode in the arc initiation device.

One group of complete powder process of metal (microballon) device that the utility model advantage provides, the yield rate that this device can be produced the perfect spherical powder of metal can reach 97%, and is not subjected to the pollution of any trace element.Particularly can produce other technology can not finish, the microballon spherical powder material of refractory metal niobium, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, beryllium, tantalum and alloy material thereof provides indispensable material to Aeronautics and Astronautics, nuclear industry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.

The specific embodiment

A kind of plasma rotating electrode milling machine group as shown in the figure, it comprises: be used for fixing as the work metal bar of anode stub and drive that anode stub rotates at a high speed and the rotating feed mechanism 1 of feeding progressively; The vacuum drying oven 2 that is used for the spherical powder moulding; Be used for vacuum unit 3 that vacuum drying oven 2 is vacuumized; As the striking negative electrode and set up the plasma gun device 4 that arc light dissolves anode stub; The power supply 5 of power is provided for whole unit; Rotating feed mechanism 1 is positioned at outside vacuum drying oven 2 one sides, and plasma gun device 4 is positioned at vacuum drying oven 2 other sides; Is communicated with by air draft pipe in vacuum unit 3 and the vacuum drying oven 2, vacuum drying oven 2 bodies of heater bilayer sandwich is connected with cooling circulating water in the interlayer; In vacuum drying oven 2 bottoms receiving mechanism is housed, this receiving mechanism is the stop valve of two series connection.Plasma gun device 4 is a transferred arc formula plasma gun, and power reaches 56～100KW, electric current 1400～2000A, voltage 50～60V.The V-type dynamic seal ring 11 that exotic material is made is housed between anode stub and vacuum drying oven.The vacuum unit is by mechanical pump, lobe pump, diffusion pump combined running.

Rotating feed mechanism 1 comprises anode stub 10 and reducing gear 6 and the feed screw 13 that high-speed electric expreess locomotive 7, brush 9, feeding raw bar material constitute; High-speed electric expreess locomotive 7 is connected with brush 9 by shaft coupling 8, and anode stub 10 is fixed on 9 of the brushes; Brush 9 bottoms are connected with screw mandrel 13 by screw thread, and screw mandrel 13 other ends are connected with reducing gear 6 output shafts.Bar feed mechanism structure has adopted puts anti-bar shaker mechanism, its structure is to set up a kind of three rod cribbings, install three and be the radial distribution steamboat with the anode stub clamping along bar, its edge just is cut in anode stub, and three rod cribbing two ends are separately fixed between brush and the vacuum furnace body shell.Brush 9 is that eight brushes of four rows are taked arranged type structure mounting arrangements, and the while brush is connected with the main shaft shell has taked spring to connect level pressure.

The utility model operation principle: the arc formula plasma gun of transfer is as thermal source, between negative electrode and anode, make argon gas ionization set up the arc light extreme temperature and reach 3600 degree, the anode stub stub bar of rotation (5000～20000 rev/mins) is at a high speed melted, the alloy raw material that melts is by being rotated under the centrifugal action at a high speed, molten metal tangentially ejects the formation droplet, be subjected to the forced convertion cooling of high speed argon gas stream, drop rapid solidification powdered, gained powder are spherical.In the production process.The body of heater body that is evacuated earlier, argon gas is injected in the back, and the effect one of argon gas is to be ionized into argon arc, the 2nd, reduce furnace body temperature.The body of heater shell mechanism is a water-cooled circulation interlayer, its effect: the one, and remain the sealing state of body of heater vacuum body, and make the required concentration of argon gas maintenance technology in the stove; The 2nd, make to keep the required temperature of technology in the stove, speed about making metal liquid with 105 degree/seconds is reduced to metastable condition rapidly, because degree of supercooling is big, the metal dust that rotation is at a high speed flown out down can cool off rapidly under the environment of certain pressure, even to guarantee metal liquid surface tension in air, and under pressure, keep flying to inboard wall of furnace body fast, and cooling forming immediately.With quality problems such as adhering to, bonding, conjuncted do not appear in assurance.So the densification of metallic crystal crystalline structure, chemical composition is even.

Claims

1, plasma rotating electrode milling machine group is characterized in that comprising: be used for fixing as the work metal bar of anode stub and drive that anode stub rotates at a high speed and the rotating feed mechanism of feeding (1) progressively; The vacuum drying oven (2) that is used for the spherical powder moulding; Be used for vacuum unit (3) that vacuum drying oven (2) is vacuumized; As the striking negative electrode and set up the plasma gun device (4) that arc light dissolves anode stub; The power supply (5) of power is provided for whole unit; Rotating feed mechanism (1) is positioned at outside vacuum drying oven (2) one sides, and plasma gun device (4) is positioned at the other side of vacuum drying oven (2); Vacuum unit (3) is communicated with by air draft pipe with vacuum drying oven (2) is interior, and the double-deck sandwich of vacuum drying oven (2) body of heater is connected with cooling circulating water in the interlayer; In vacuum drying oven (2) bottom receiving mechanism is housed, this receiving mechanism is the stop valve of two series connection.

2, plasma rotating electrode milling machine group according to claim 1 is characterized in that plasma gun device (4) is a transferred arc formula plasma gun, and power reaches 56～100KW, electric current 1400～2000A, voltage 50～60V.

3, plasma rotating electrode milling machine group according to claim 1, its feature are equipped with the V-type dynamic seal ring (11) that exotic material is made between anode stub and vacuum drying oven.

4, plasma rotating electrode milling machine group according to claim 1, the described vacuum unit of its feature is by mechanical pump, lobe pump, diffusion pump combined running.

5, plasma rotating electrode milling machine group according to claim 1, the described rotating feed mechanism of its feature (1) comprise anode stub (10) and reducing gear (6) and the feed screw (13) that high-speed electric expreess locomotive (7), brush (9), feeding raw bar material constitute; High-speed electric expreess locomotive (7) is connected with brush (9) by shaft coupling (8), and anode stub (10) is fixed on brush (9) axle; Brush (9) bottom is connected with screw mandrel (13) by screw thread, and the other end of screw mandrel (13) is connected with reducing gear (6) output shaft.

6, plasma rotating electrode milling machine group according to claim 5, its feature bar feed mechanism structure has adopted puts anti-bar shaker mechanism, its structure is to set up a kind of three rod cribbings, install three and be the radial distribution steamboat with the anode stub clamping, and its edge just is cut in anode stub along bar.

7, plasma rotating electrode milling machine group according to claim 5 is characterized in that brush (9) is that eight brushes of four rows are taked arranged type structure mounting arrangements, and the while brush is connected with the main shaft shell has taked spring to connect level pressure.