The hemodialyzer multiplex plate
One, technical field
This utility model relates to medical apparatus and instruments, specially the hemodialyzer after using is handled, in order to patient individual reusable device, i.e. hemodialyzer multiplex plate.
Two, background technology
If for the disposable use hemodialyzer of chronic hemodialysis treatment patient, funds high patient be difficult to bear.Hemodialyzer majority after at present the individual being used adopts manually and cleans, the perfusion disinfectant solution is reused (hemodialyzer special messenger special use) afterwards once more, but have very big defective on process of cleaning, pouring into disinfectant solution and method: 1, majority does not surpass in reverse flushing in the multiplexing flushing process kind, removes bad to residual protein; 2, the manual positive excess flushing of minority and to surpass in reverse washing pressure control bad, rupture of membranes easily; 3, the anthropic factor influence of when operation is bigger, and developing result is relatively poor, unstable, and multiplexing number is few; 4, formerly use " public " connector, cross-contamination easily in the hemodialyzer operation of afterflush, perfusion disinfectant solution; 5, intensity of workers is big, and efficient is low; 6, flusher tubing, connector all the year round can't cleaning and sterilizings, easily pollute once more during bacterial growth breeding flushing; 7, detect the hemodialyzer trouble.
In the world, the U.S. carries out at 86% dialysis center multiplexing to dialyser, uses the cleaning disinfection liquid of FDA approval.To reaching the dialyser of multiplexing quality standard, its multiplexing number does not have clearly regulation, does not still reach the degree of dialyser multiplexing machine special messenger special use, and efficient is lower.
Three, technology contents
The purpose of this utility model is that development a kind ofly meets that health ministry " function that dialyser multiplexing equipment is guaranteed " requires, rinsing quality reliable, easy and simple to handle efficient, can finish coherent detection, reach the hemodialyzer multiplex plate of similar " individual is special-purpose " effect, finally reduce the dialysis expense, reduce a large amount of hospital refuse, be beneficial to the purpose of environmental protection.
The technical solution of the utility model: hemodialyzer multiplex plate, form by orderly fixed pipeline 17, valve, rubber bulb 7, water pressure gauge 3, air bleeding valve 4 on plastic plate 16 and the dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6 that is connected with hemodialyzer 8, it is characterized in that: supply with the reverse osmosis water pipeline of flushing hemodialyzer 8 and is connected with constant pressure valve 1 inlet on the multiplex plate 16, trunk line 18 is exported in constant pressure valve 1 outlet connection; Also respectively with water pressure gauge 3, air bleeding valve 4 and connect, on trunk line 18, connect subtube 17 on the trunk line 18, connect hemodialyzer 8 assemblies on each subtube 17 with parallel-connection structure; In hemodialyzer 8 assemblies, tell two-way on each output shunt subtube 17 again: one tunnel dialyser dialysis fluid chamber inlet 14 through subtube 17, ball valve 2, connection hemodialyzer 8, again through dialyser dialysis fluid chamber and outlet 15, subtube 17 discharges; The second tunnel the blood chamber inlet 12 through subtube 17, ball valve 2, Pressure gauge 3, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6 connection hemodialyzers 8, discharge one group of hemodialyzer 8 assembly connecting structure of the common composition of this two-way again through dialyser blood chamber, blood chamber outlet 13, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6, pipeline 17; The disinfectant container 5 output two-way of multiplex plate 16 upper fixed, ball valve 2 outlets in lower end, one road are connected on the trunk line 18, another road through ball valve 2 at first and connect check valve 9 outlets, check valve 9 inlets connect rubber bulbs 7; Next also connects dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6, and parser blood chamber connection tube 6 other ends connect the blood chamber inlet 12 of hemodialyzer 8, is connected measuring cup 11 through dialyser blood chamber with outlet 13, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6.
The technical solution of the utility model also comprises:
Described hemodialyzer multiplex plate is characterized in that: another roads of disinfectant container 5 output through ball valve 2 at first and connect check valve 9 outlets, check valve 9 inlets connect rubber bulbs 7; Next also connects dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6, and parser blood chamber connection tube 6 other ends connect the blood chamber inlet 12 of hemodialyzer 8, is connected dialysis fluid chamber outlet 15 with outlet 13, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6 through dialyser blood chamber.
Described hemodialyzer multiplex plate is characterized in that: another roads of disinfectant container 5 output through ball valve 2 at first and connect check valve 9 outlets, check valve 9 inlets connect rubber bulbs 7; Next also connects dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6, and parser blood chamber connection tube 6 other ends connect the blood chamber inlet 12 of hemodialyzer 8, is connected dialysis fluid chamber inlet 14 with outlet 13, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6 through dialyser blood chamber.
Effect of the present utility model and advantage:
1, meets health ministry " function that dialyser multiplexing equipment is guaranteed " requirement, possess positive excess, as to surpass in reverse flushing hemodialyzer function; Can finish the integrity detection test of hemodialyzer performance and film.Rinsing quality is reliable, and is easy and simple to handle efficient, finishes coherent detection, reduces the dialysis expense, reduces a large amount of hospital refuse, is beneficial to environmental protection.
2,, multiplex plate is simple in structure; Operating process is simple and convenient:
1. positive excess, as to surpass in reverse flushing, dialyzer integrity test etc. operates in one program to be finished.
Operations such as the 2. emptying of hemodialyzer liquid, performance measurement (the chamber volumetric measurement of dialyser blood), perfusion disinfectant solution are finished in one program.
3, flushing hemodialyzer steady quality, reliable.Its multiplexing number is near automatic multiplexing machine developing result.
4, can carry out a plurality of hemodialyzer flushings simultaneously; Operations such as integrity test, liquid emptying or the performance test of dialyser flushing, dialyzer or perfusion disinfectant solution are not disturbed mutually, have improved work efficiency greatly.
5, can reach the effect of approximate " individual special-purpose dialyzer reuse device ", stop cross-contamination:
1. use disposable/or the sterilization after blood chamber connection tube, to different dialysers in multiplexing whole operation process (the integrity test of flushing, emptying, perfusion disinfectant solution, dialyser performance and film etc.) avoid using " the public blood chamber connector " that may have other people bloodstain, well prevent cross-contamination.
2. the discharge of flushing back sewage the contact scar of backflowing can not occur.
3. can conveniently carry out the flushing and the soaking disinfection of the whole tubings of multiplex plate, interface every day.The multiplex plate tubing remains at clean conditions.
6, compare with the automatic blood dialyser multiplexing machine, can finish the work more than 90%.Work efficiency is the several times (according to what of the flushable dialyser of multiplex plate) of an automatic multiplexing machine.
7, cheap, meet national conditions, be easy to promote.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure sketch map of the present utility model; Fig. 2 is the operation principle structural representation after this utility model connects dialyser; Fig. 3 is the positive excess flushing mechanism principle schematic of hemodialyzer; Fig. 4 is that hemodialyzer surpasses in reverse the flushing mechanism principle schematic; Fig. 5 is a hemodialyzer film integrality test structure principle schematic; Fig. 6 is the emptying of hemodialyzer liquid, Performance Detection structural principle sketch map; Fig. 7 is a hemodialyzer perfusion disinfectant solution structural principle sketch map; Fig. 8 is a multiplex plate tubing flushing mechanism sketch map; Fig. 9 is a multiplex plate tubing sterilization structure sketch map.
Above-mentioned number in the figure: 1-constant pressure valve, 2-ball valve, 3-water pressure gauge, the 4-air bleeding valve, 5-disinfectant container, 6-dialyser blood chamber connection tube, the 7-rubber bulb, 8-hemodialyzer, 9-check valve, 10-blocks folder, 11-measuring cup, 12-dialyser blood chamber inlet, the outlet of 13-dialyser blood chamber, 14-dialyser dialysis fluid chamber inlet, the outlet of 15-dialyser dialysis fluid chamber, 16-multiplex plate.The 17-subtube, the 18-trunk line.
Five, the specific embodiment
At first existing hemodialyzer 8 structures of explanation are made of shell and hollow fibre dialyzer.Seal between shell and the hollow fibre two ends, hollow fibre pipe quantity is generally at 8000~12000, and common open is the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 of blood chamber in the two ends of hemodialyzer 8.The hollow fibre tube wall is exactly a dialyzer, is covered with micropore (illustrate: the micropore on the dialyzer is very little, antibacterial can't by) on the film, is also referred to as the semipermeable membrane structure, the size of micropore, how much determines the permeability of semipermeable membrane.Be called the blood chamber in the hollow fibre pipe, blood flows in the blood chamber.The outer space of dialyzer is a dialysis fluid chamber, is exactly to be called dialysis fluid chamber between shell and the dialyzer in other words, and dialysis solution flows at dialysis fluid chamber.Inlet 14 that two mouths of hemodialyzer same side are dialysis fluid chamber and outlet 15.Dialysis fluid chamber and blood chamber are connected by the micropore on the dialyzer, and the liquid in it is moved by micropore because of the difference of two chamber pressures.Amount that liquid moves and speed also can change along with the variation of pressure differential.
Referring to Fig. 1, hemodialyzer multiplex plate 16 is by orderly fixed trunk line 18 on plastics, PVC plate or other plastic engineering sheet material, subtube 17, valve (1,2,9), large and small water pressure gauge 3, air bleeding valve 4, rubber bulb 7 and the dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6 that is connected with hemodialyzer 8.Supply with the reverse osmosis water pipeline of flushing hemodialyzer 8 and be connected,, promptly can not damage dialyzer, guarantee rinsing quality again to guarantee the constant of flushing water pressure with constant pressure valve 1 input on the multiplex plate 16 at first; Multiplex plate 16 is connected with the disinfectant container 5 of upper fixed, and disinfectant solution can inject in hemodialyzer 8 or multiplex plate 16 tubings under action of gravity.
Referring to Fig. 2, constant pressure valve 1 delivery outlet connects trunk line 18 on the multiplex plate 16, and 2 outlets of disinfectant container 5 lower end ball valves are connected the delivery port as disinfectant solution with trunk line 18, use separately when this multiplex plate tubing of sterilization.On trunk line 18, tell several road output subtubes 17 with parallel way, this figure is that two-way is told in parallel connection, can wash two hemodialyzers 8 simultaneously, each tells two-way in parallel connection branch mode on the output channel 17 along separate routes again: one tunnel dialyser dialysis fluid chamber inlet 14 through subtube 17, ball valve 2 connection hemodialyzers 8, the dialysis fluid chamber of process dialyser and outlet 15 again, subtube 17 discharges; The second tunnel blood chamber inlet 12 through piping 17, ball valve 2, little Pressure gauge 3, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6, hemodialyzer 8 is discharged through dialyser blood chambers 8 and outlet 13, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6, subtube 17; One group of hemodialyzer 8 assembly connecting structure of the common composition of this two-way.Go back and follow big water pressure gauge 3 and air bleeding valve 4 on trunk line 18, wherein big water pressure gauge 3 is the pressure of monitoring trunk line 18, as the foundation of regulating constant pressure valve 1 output pressure.And the air bleeding valve 4 that connects is enabled separately in the decontamination duct system.Disinfectant container 5 output two tunnel of multiplex plate 16 upper fixed, the one road is stated in the above, and the second the tunnel through ball valve 2 at first and connect check valve 9 outlets, and the inlet of check valve 9 connects rubber bulb 7; Secondly and dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6 and connecing, connection tube 6 other ends connect the blood chamber inlet 12 of hemodialyzer 8, again through dialyser blood chamber and outlet 13, dialyser blood chamber connection tube 6, be connected measuring cup 11, perhaps connect the dialyser dialysis fluid chamber and enter the mouth 14, perhaps export 15.
Operation principle: when the hemodialyzer 8 of needs flushing, the 1st and the 2nd hemodialyzer 8 counting from left to right among the figure, its entry and exit, blood chamber 13 are connected with blood chamber connection tube 6 with 12; Dialysis fluid chamber entry and exit 15 are connected with corresponding interface on the multiplex plate with 14, the operation of can wash hemodialyzer 8 afterwards, film integrality being tested.The hemodialyzer of rinsing well 8, promptly the blood chamber inlet 12 of the 3rd hemodialyzer of counting from left to right among the figure 8 is connected with check valve 9, rubber bulb 7 by blood chamber connection tube 6, elder generation; Perfusion disinfectant container 5 interfaces with ball valve 2, multiplex plate 16 tops are connected afterwards, can carry out the operation of liquid emptying, performance test, perfusion disinfectant solution to this hemodialyzer 8.
Referring to Fig. 3, this also is the partial schematic diagram among Fig. 2, when positive excess flushing hemodialyzer 8, closes or open the ball valve 2 as indicating among the figure, replaces ball valves 2 all can with other Plastic valves certainly.
Operation principle is that reverse osmosis water is exported through constant pressure valve 1, ball valve 2, enters hemodialyzer 8 by dialyser blood chamber inlet 14, discharges from blood chamber outlet 13; Also entering the dialyser dialysis fluid chamber by the dialysis fenestra simultaneously discharges from dialysis fluid chamber outlet 15.Reach the purpose of positive excess flushing dialyser blood chamber and dialysis fenestra.
Referring to Fig. 4, this also is the partial schematic diagram among Fig. 2, when surpassing in reverse flushing hemodialyzer 8, close or open ball valve 2 as indicating among the figure, the dialysis fluid chambers that reverse osmosis water with constant pressure is entered in the hemodialyzer 8 by dialysis fluid chamber inlet 14, enter dialyser blood chamber by the dialysis fenestra, finally discharge from blood chamber outlet 13.Reach the purpose of back flush dialysis fenestra and dialyser blood chamber.Fig. 3,4 operation can hocket repeatedly.
Referring to Fig. 5, this also is the partial schematic diagram among Fig. 2, be dialyzer integrity test: the dialyser 8 rinsed well (finishing the back in Fig. 3,4 operation) at first with blocking-up folder 10 blocking-up dialyser connection tubes 6, cuts out the ball valve 2 that connects dialysis fluid chamber outlet 15 on the multiplex plate 16,14 the ball valve 2 and the ball valve 2 of blood chamber inlet 12 enter the mouth afterwards in turn.This moment, the blood chamber, dialysis fluid chamber of hemodialyzer 8 formed two airtight cavitys, all were in the cavity in constant pressure and the equal state, read force value by the little Pressure gauge 3 that is communicated with the blood chamber.Open the ball valve 2 (just opening when test) of dialysis fluid chamber outlet 15 afterwards, its internal pressure moment reduces to zero; The indoor liquid of blood flows to dialysis fluid chamber by the dialysis fenestra under original pressure effect, and the result is that the blood room pressure descends gradually; If dialyzer breaks, the blood indoor liquid moves quickening, and pressure quickens to descend.Observe the fall of little Pressure gauge 3 at the appointed time, can judge the integrity (hemodialyzer 8 of each model, its dialyzer all has the permeability of standard, its permeability increase when dialyzer breaks) of these dialyser 8 dialyzers.
Referring to Fig. 6, this also is the partial schematic diagram among Fig. 2, and liquid emptying in the hemodialyzer 8, performance test: the hemodialyzer 8 that at first will finish Fig. 5 operational qualification moves the position of receiving as figure together with blood chamber connection tube 6.Hemodialyzer 8 dialysis fluid chambers outlet 15, inlet 14 is downward, and action of gravity is very fast clean with the drain in it; Push the liquid discharge that rubber bulb 7 can be indoor with blood afterwards.Measure the volume (removing constant blood chamber connection tube 6 volumes) of blood chamber drain with measuring cup 11, comparing with same model dialyser blood chamber orthobaric volume, (volume descends<20% behind the dialyser multiplexing, can reuse), finally finish liquid emptying in the hemodialyzer 8, performance test.
Referring to Fig. 7, this also is the partial schematic diagram among Fig. 2, and with 8 horizontal positioned of the hemodialyzer after the liquid emptying, dialysis fluid chamber gateway 14 and 15 is upwards bent on connection tube 6 other ends of blood chamber outlet 13 and aimed at dialysis fluid chamber outlet 14 or enter the mouth 15; Open disinfectant solution perfusion valve 2 afterwards, here the effect of one-way cock 9 is that disinfectant solution can not flow into rubber bulb 7, disinfectant solution in the disinfectant container 5 flows under the influence of gravity into the blood chamber of hemodialyzer 8, and outlet 13 disinfectant solution that overflow in blood chamber are introduced dialysis fluid chamber by connection tube 6.Close disinfectant solution valve 2 after disinfectant solution is filled with, remove connection tube 6, seal hemodialyzer 8 up for safekeeping, treat to use when treat next time.
Referring to Fig. 8, use the connector butt joint of connection tube 6 with correspondence, open or close valve as shown in the figure, can wash multiplex plate 13 tubings and connector.
Referring to Fig. 9, after flushing finishes, open or close valve as shown in the figure, open drain tap 4 simultaneously, disinfectant solution can be filled with the pipeline on the multiplex plate 16, reach multiplex plate pipeline and connector soaking disinfection purpose.