CN201153474Y - A vacuum method for visceral removal equipment and fish pretreatment mechanical control system - Google Patents
A vacuum method for visceral removal equipment and fish pretreatment mechanical control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN201153474Y CN201153474Y CNU2007200872265U CN200720087226U CN201153474Y CN 201153474 Y CN201153474 Y CN 201153474Y CN U2007200872265 U CNU2007200872265 U CN U2007200872265U CN 200720087226 U CN200720087226 U CN 200720087226U CN 201153474 Y CN201153474 Y CN 201153474Y
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003815 abdominal wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种真空法去鱼内脏设备及鱼前处理机械控制系统,包括去鳞装置、剖切装置、撑开装置、去内脏装置、擦黑膜装置,其特征是:所控制系统采用了单片机(34)控制的自动检测与控制系统,检测与控制系统中至少设置有单片机系统、光电检测模块(35),以及仿形剖切电机驱动模块(36)和擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块(37)或仿形剖切电机驱动模块(36)与擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块(37)二者之一,检测与控制系统中的光电检测模块(35)连接有多对光电发射管与接收管,光电检测模块(35)的受控端与单片机(34)输出接口连接。本实用新型处理鱼内脏效率高,鱼的剖切准确到位,内脏去除干净对鱼体无损害,每分钟可处理鱼40~120条。
A device for removing viscera by vacuum method and a mechanical control system for fish pretreatment, including a descaling device, a cutting device, a spreading device, a device for removing viscera, and a device for wiping black film, characterized in that the control system uses a single-chip microcomputer (34) The automatic detection and control system of the control, the detection and control system is at least provided with a single-chip microcomputer system, a photoelectric detection module (35), and a profiling cutting motor drive module (36) and a black film brushing motor drive module (37) or imitation Shape cutting motor drive module (36) and black film brush motor unit drive module (37), the photoelectric detection module (35) in the detection and control system is connected with many pairs of photoelectric emission tubes and receiving tubes, and the photoelectric detection The controlled end of the module (35) is connected with the output interface of the single-chip microcomputer (34). The utility model has high efficiency in processing fish viscera, and the cuts of fish are accurate and in place, and the removal of viscera does not cause damage to fish bodies, and 40 to 120 fish can be processed per minute.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种鱼类加工机械,具体来说是一种真空法去鱼内脏设备及鱼前处理机械控制系统。The utility model relates to a fish processing machine, in particular to a vacuum method removing fish internal organs and a fish pretreatment machine control system.
背景技术 Background technique
授权公告号为CN 2518332Y的实用新型专利公开了一种鱼鳞、内脏处理机,包括输送装置、高压喷水组、鱼刀及撑展座,其中,输送装置是以输送带组绕于滚柱间而成,并于输送装置的移动路径上设通道、鱼刀及撑展座,通道二侧设高压喷水组。实施时,输送装置带动鱼体在通道上行进,以高压喷水组喷水去鱼鳞,再以鱼刀切开鱼体及受撑展座撑张,而以高压喷水管喷水去内脏。此机械中的鱼输送装置结构复杂,以高压喷水组喷水去鱼鳞和去内脏难以达到理想的效果,且耗水量大。此外,还有其他用于手工去鳞、去内脏的专利,其结构过于简单,作用单一,效率低。The utility model patent with the authorized announcement number CN 2518332Y discloses a fish scale and viscera processing machine, including a conveying device, a high-pressure water spray group, a fish knife and a support stand, wherein the conveying device is wound between the rollers by a conveyor belt It is formed, and a channel, a fish knife and a support stand are set on the moving path of the conveying device, and a high-pressure water spray group is set on both sides of the channel. During implementation, the conveying device drives the fish body to advance on the channel, and the fish scales are removed by spraying water with a high-pressure water spray group, and then the fish body is cut open with a fish knife and stretched by the supporting stand, and the internal organs are removed by spraying water with a high-pressure water spray pipe. The structure of the fish conveying device in this machine is complicated, and it is difficult to achieve the desired effect by spraying water with the high-pressure water spray group to remove fish scales and viscera, and the water consumption is large. In addition, there are other patents for manual descaling and viscera removal, which are too simple in structure, single in function and low in efficiency.
申请号为200720085087.2的实用新型《一种处理鱼鳞、内脏、黑膜的鱼加工机械》提供了一种机械化快速处理鱼鳞、内脏、黑膜的自动流水线,其鱼腹剖开装置采用了凸轮仿形剖切刀,鱼的剖切是后续处理内脏和黑膜的前提,由于操作现场可能面临鱼体形状大小多样化,对仿形剖切机械提出了更高要求;另外,其去内脏装置使用内脏剔除用铲或爪,可能存在机械破坏鱼内脏和鱼胆的情况。The utility model "A Fish Processing Machine for Processing Fish Scales, Viscera, and Black Film" with the application number of 200720085087.2 provides an automatic assembly line for mechanized and rapid processing of fish scales, viscera, and black film. The fish belly dissection device adopts cam profiling Slicing knife, the slicing of fish is the premise of subsequent processing of viscera and black film. Since the operation site may face the diversification of fish body shape and size, higher requirements are put forward for the profiling cutting machine; in addition, its visceral device uses viscera Shovels or claws are used for culling, there may be mechanical damage to fish viscera and gall bladders.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的是提供一种高效率的自动处理设备,准确依据不同鱼体目标情况进行剖切及后续工艺,并控制能源消耗,同时使用真空法去内脏系统,可干净有效地去除内脏,有效提高出产成品率和成品质量。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-efficiency automatic processing equipment, which can accurately carry out cutting and follow-up processes according to different fish body targets, and control energy consumption. Effectively improve the yield and quality of finished products.
所述真空法去鱼内脏设备及鱼前处理机械控制系统,其加工装置依输送带的行进方向设置,依次是去鳞装置、剖切装置、撑开装置、去内脏装置、擦黑膜装置,去鳞装置中有成对设置的可旋转的去鳞刷24,剖切装置中设置有仿形剖切机构25,撑开装置中设置有鱼腹撑开板26,擦黑膜装置中设置有擦黑膜刷27,其特征是:所述真空法去鱼内脏设备及鱼前处理机械控制系统采用了单片机34控制的自动检测与控制系统,检测与控制系统中至少设置有单片机系统、光电检测模块35,以及仿形剖切电机驱动模块36和擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37或仿形剖切电机驱动模块36与擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37二者之一;单片机系统控制至少包括:仿形剖切机构25、擦黑膜机构42或者其中之一;检测与控制系统中的光电检测模块35连接有多对光电发射管与接收管,光电检测模块35的受控端与单片机34输出接口连接,光电检测模块35的反馈信号与单片机34的输入接口连接,仿形剖切电机驱动模块36、擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37的输入端口分别连接到单片机34的输出接口,仿形剖切电机驱动模块36的输出端与仿形剖切电机39连接,擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37的输出端与相应擦黑膜刷电机组40的电机连接。The equipment for removing fish viscera by vacuum method and the mechanical control system for fish pretreatment, its processing device is set according to the direction of travel of the conveyor belt, which is successively a descaling device, a cutting device, a stretching device, a device for removing viscera, a device for wiping black film, and a device for removing black film. There are
采用电机驱动的仿形凸轮拟合剖切曲线或由单片机控制电机带动连接杆升降直接拟合剖切曲线,仿形凸轮拟合剖切曲线装置由仿形凸轮20通过凸轮电机5、连接杆、复位弹簧、微型电机22、和圆盘切刀21连接为一体,仿形凸轮20由步进电机或直流伺服电机驱动旋转,并由单片机控制电机旋转速度和启停;两种方式都由相应的检测鱼体28的光电感应器一4与之配合成为一个测控装置,光电感应器一4安装在传送带1附近且位于圆盘切刀21之前,该光电感应器一4是光电检测模块35的一部分。The profiling cam driven by the motor is used to fit the cutting curve or the single-chip microcomputer controls the motor to drive the connecting rod up and down to directly fit the cutting curve. Back-moving spring,
擦黑膜机构42由光电感应器三33、擦黑膜刷旋转机构43、单片机控制的鱼片支承板伸缩机构44、单片机控制的擦黑膜刷升降机构45,或者光电感应器三33、擦黑膜刷旋转机构43与单片机控制的鱼片支承板伸缩机构44、单片机控制的擦黑膜刷升降机构45二者之一,配合单片机系统构成;光电感应器三33安装在传送带1附近且在擦黑膜刷27之前,鱼片支承板伸缩机构44安装在擦黑膜刷27两侧,其中的鱼片支承板29由电机带动分合,电机的驱动由单片机控制;擦黑膜刷升降机构45及擦黑膜刷旋转机构43由单片机控制的相应电机驱动,其中光电感应器三33是光电检测模块35的一部分。The
擦黑膜刷27或去鳞刷24由刷柄、刷柱和刷柱上的凸起物组成,刷上的凸起物的形状可以呈突起的长短不同的刷状、或突起尖利片状或齿状、或螺旋刀片状等;擦黑膜刷27可以是一个单一的刷子,也可以是由二个或几个刷组成的一组,一组刷中的单个刷之间采取并列平行、或错位的方式排列,使左右刷分别于鱼腹左右内壁接触,且左右刷旋转使腹壁摩擦受力的方向与鱼前进的方向一致或相反。
鱼腹撑开板26后安装有真空法去内脏装置,紧随鱼腹撑开板26安装有一抽真空管23,抽真空去内脏管口2位于传送带1的上方、鱼腹撑开板26内侧,且位于传送带1的纵向轴线上,抽真空管23通过电磁阀9与至少一个相互并联的内脏收集真空罐8相连,内脏收集真空罐8再依次与缓冲罐7、止回阀11、及抽真空泵6串联,构成真空法去内脏装置。Vacuum removal viscera device is installed behind the fish
真空法去内脏装置中的电磁阀9可以是通过电气开关手动控制,也可以由单片机34控制;由单片机34控制时单片机系统需配置光电感应器二10和电磁阀驱动器,成为一个完整的自动测控装置,光电感应器二10安装在传送带1附近,且在抽真空去内脏管口2之前,并通过导线与单片机34的输入接口相连接,电磁阀驱动器的输入端与单片机34输出接口相连接,输出端与电磁阀9连接。The
擦黑膜刷27、去鳞刷24及其它与鱼接触的构件由食品工程塑料、食品工程橡胶、食品级不锈钢金属材料加工而成。Wiping
本实用新型的优点是:处理去鳞、去内脏、擦黑膜高度自动化批量进行,处理效率高,鱼的剖切准确到位,内脏去除干净对鱼体无损害,节能降耗,每分钟可处理鱼40~120条。The utility model has the advantages of: descaling, viscera removal, and black film wiping are carried out in batches with high automation, high processing efficiency, accurate cuts of fish in place, no damage to fish bodies after viscera removal, energy saving and consumption reduction, and fish can be processed every
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型单片机控制系统电路结构框图,Fig. 1 is the block diagram of circuit structure of the utility model single-chip microcomputer control system,
图2是本实用新型整体结构示意图,Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model,
图3是图2的俯视图,Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 2,
图4是凸轮仿形剖切机构工作状态示意图,Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the cam profiling cutting mechanism,
图5是图4左视图,Figure 5 is a left side view of Figure 4,
图6是剖切装置与去内脏装置结构示意图,Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the dissection device and the visceral removal device,
图7是抽真空回路结构示意图,Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum circuit,
图8是鱼片支承板工作状态示意图,Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the fillet support plate,
图中:1-传送带,2-抽真空去内脏管口,3-传送带驱动轮,4-光电感应器一,5-仿形剖切电机,6-抽真空泵,7-缓冲罐,8-内脏收集真空罐,9-电磁阀,10-光电感应器二,11-止回阀,12-真空度表,13-顶盖,14-进气阀,15-窥视孔,16-排水阀,17-排料口,18-连通阀,19-控制与显示盘,20-仿形凸轮,21-圆盘切刀,22-微型电机,23-抽真空管,24-去鳞刷,25-仿形剖切机构,26-鱼腹撑开板,27-擦黑膜刷,28-鱼体,29-鱼片支承板,30-支承板螺杆1,31-支承板螺杆2,32-固鱼齿,33-光电感应器三,34-单片机,35-光电检测模块,36-仿形剖切电机驱动模块,37-擦黑膜电机组驱动模块,38-真空管电磁阀驱动模块,39-仿形剖切电机,40-擦黑膜刷电机组,41-真空管电磁阀,42-擦黑膜机构,43-擦黑膜刷旋转机构,44-鱼片支承板伸缩机构,45-擦黑膜刷升降机构。In the figure: 1-conveyor belt, 2-vacuumize the viscera nozzle, 3-conveyor belt drive wheel, 4-
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型进一步说明:如图2、3,所述真空法去鱼内脏设备及鱼前处理机械控制系统是在申请号200720085087.2,名称为《一种处理鱼鳞、内脏、黑膜的鱼加工机械》的机械设备的基础上改进而成的智能处理自动化设备,该加工装置依输送带的行进方向设置,依次是去鳞装置、剖切装置、撑开装置、去内脏装置、擦黑膜装置,去鳞装置中有成对设置的可旋转的去鳞刷24,剖切装置中设置有仿形剖切机构25,撑开装置中设置有鱼腹撑开板26,擦黑膜装置中设置有擦黑膜刷27,其特征是:所述真空法去鱼内脏设备及鱼前处理机械控制系统采用单片机控制的自动检测与控制系统。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described: as Fig. 2, 3, described vacuum method removes fish viscera equipment and fish pretreatment mechanical control system is in application number 200720085087.2, and the name is called " a kind of processing fish scale, viscera, black membrane The intelligent processing automation equipment improved on the basis of the mechanical equipment of "Fish Processing Machinery". The processing device is set according to the direction of travel of the conveyor belt, followed by a descaling device, a cutting device, a stretching device, a visceral device, and a black film device, there are
如图1,所述真空法去鱼内脏设备及鱼前处理机械控制系统采用了单片机34控制的自动检测与控制系统,检测与控制系统中至少设置有单片机系统、光电检测模块35,以及仿形剖切电机驱动模块36和擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37或仿形剖切电机驱动模块36与擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37二者之一;单片机系统控制至少包括:仿形剖切机构25、擦黑膜机构42或者其中之一;检测与控制系统中的光电检测模块35连接有多对光电发射管与接收管,光电检测模块35的受控端与单片机34输出接口连接,光电检测模块35的反馈信号与单片机34的输入接口连接,仿形剖切电机驱动模块36、擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37的输入端口分别连接到单片机34的输出接口,仿形剖切电机驱动模块36的输出端与仿形剖切电机39连接,擦黑膜刷电机组驱动模块37的输出端与相应擦黑膜刷电机组40的电机连接。As shown in Fig. 1, the automatic detection and control system controlled by the single-
系统开启后,单片机系统即开始工作,前面提到的光电检测模块35实际由若干对光电发射器件和光敏管构成,这些光电器件安置在传送带相应部位的两侧,如仿形剖切机构25之前设置有两对光电管,即光电感应器一4,用以检测鱼体28是否到来,及鱼体28的运动速度和鱼体28的长度,由这两个参数,单片机34在存储器中查询出该种鱼的剖切曲线及动作参数,从而控制仿形剖切电机5的转动速度和方向,使圆盘切刀21在鱼体28上准确地按照预定曲线将鱼体28剖开,并进入下一道工序。After the system is turned on, the single-chip microcomputer system starts to work. The
或可以采用拟合剖切曲线的仿形凸轮20,根据光电感应器一4所检测到的鱼体28的行进速度和鱼体28的大小,来控制仿形凸轮20的旋转速度。仿形凸轮20由步进电机或直流伺服电机带动旋转,仿形凸轮20的形状根据鱼的种类的不同更换相应的型号,以适应不同种类鱼形的需要。Or can adopt the
由于有单片机34控制仿形凸轮20的转动方向,使得圆盘切刀21的上升与下降随时可以根据需要改变,此时可以在圆盘切刀21的两侧也设置一对光电管,用以检测圆盘切刀21的实际升降状态。Owing to have the rotation direction of single-
当鱼体28排列过于密集或鱼体28体型较大,有可能使光电感应器一4不能检测到两条鱼的间隙,此时,单片机可根据鱼体28通过的时间判断,开始进行下一次鱼体28的剖切。When
剖切开鱼体后,紧随鱼腹撑开板26安装有真空法去内脏装置,紧随鱼腹撑开板26后安装有一抽真空管23,抽真空管23通过电磁阀9与至少一个内脏收集真空罐8相连,内脏收集真空罐8再与缓冲罐7、止回阀11、及抽真空泵6串联,构成真空法去内脏装置。After the fish body is cut open, a vacuum method viscera removal device is installed following the fish
真空法去内脏装置中的电磁阀9可以是通过电气开关手动控制,也可以由单片机控制,也可设置为常通状态,如果是单片机系统,则需配置光电感应器二10和电磁阀驱动器,光电感应器二10安装在传送带附近的抽真空去内脏管口2之前,并通过导线与单片机的输入接口相连接,电磁阀驱动器的输入端与单片机输出接口相连接,输出端与电磁阀9连接。由光电感应器二10可以测知,当已剖切开的鱼体到达预定位置后,单片机立即启动电磁阀9,抽真空管23将鱼内脏强力除去,并收集进入内脏收集真空罐8,可有多个内脏收集真空罐8并联使用,使用时只开启其中一个,另一个或多个可在空余时间被洗净备用。The
去除内脏之后,进入擦黑膜工序,擦黑膜机构42由光电感应器三33、擦黑膜刷旋转机构43、单片机控制的鱼片支承板伸缩机构44、单片机控制的擦黑膜刷升降机构45,或者光电感应器三33、擦黑膜刷旋转机构43与单片机控制的鱼片支承板伸缩机构44、单片机控制的擦黑膜刷升降机构45二者之一,配合单片机系统构成;光电感应器三33安装在传送带1附近且在擦黑膜刷27之前,鱼片支承板伸缩机构44安装在擦黑膜刷27两侧,其中的鱼片支承板29由电机带动分合,电机的驱动由单片机控制;擦黑膜刷升降机构45及擦黑膜刷旋转机构43由单片机控制的相应电机驱动,其中光电感应器三33是光电检测模块35的一部分。鱼体28到达指定位置后,启动擦黑膜刷27和鱼片支承板29,鱼片支承板29将被分开的两片鱼合拢,并保持0.5~2s的时间,由去鳞刷24刷去黑膜,再由单片机34控制停止去鳞刷24旋转。After the internal organs are removed, enter the process of wiping the black film. The black
擦黑膜刷27、去鳞刷24及其它与鱼接触的构件由食品工程塑料、食品工程橡胶、食品级不锈钢金属材料加工而成。Wiping
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