CN201083597Y

CN201083597Y - Electronic type calibration bounce table

Info

Publication number: CN201083597Y
Application number: CNU2006201472104U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐德尧; 曾承志
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-12-20
Filing date: 2006-12-20
Publication date: 2008-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2016-12-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electronic calibration bounce table, comprising a table body formed by a bounce anvil, a piezoelectricity component, a damper, a pre-tightening bolt, an emitting end closure, an absorber and a receiving end closure, and an exciter which is connected with the piezoelectricity component of the table body. The piezoelectricity component directly contact an A end of the bounce anvil, and the damper abuts against the other end of the piezoelectricity component. The absorber clings to the A end of the emitting end and is pressed tightly by the emitting end closure. The emitting end closure is fixed on the circumference of the emitting end of the bounce anvil by screws. The pre-tightening bolt with pre-tightening force is fixed on the emitting end closure through screws and is pressed tightly on the damper. The absorber which can prevent the interfere caused by bounce wave from reflecting to an A end after reaching a table face B end through the bounce anvil and reflecting to a B end is abutted against the table face B end. The absorber is pressed by the receiving end closure such that the receiving end closure is fixed on the circumference of the receiving end of the bounce anvil through screws. The positive end of the output of the exciter is connected with the negative end of the piezoelectricity component, and the positive end of the piezoelectricity component is earthed.

Description

Electronic calibration impact table

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of electronic calibration impact table, and being used for provides impact stable, variable frequency to the sensor that detects mechanical failure impact, to the usefulness that sensor is calibrated, belongs to testing machine and measurement and calibration device class.

Background technology

Existing shock testing machine all is to belong to routine testing equipment, for example mechanical pendulum hammer shock testing machine, mechanical drop type shock testing machine etc.It is characterized in that the object that is used for test produces powerful impact, resist the degree of impacting, damage taking place with the examination product.Therefore, its impact dynamics is very big, and impact acceleration reaches tens thousand of acceleration g usually, if it directly acts on sensor, then can smash sensor; And but the frequency that impact repeats to take place is very low, and for example per minute can only be done several times; Owing to directly testpieces is sent percussive action with the impact head of shock testing machine, impact head itself is also therefore impaired and short-lived, impact 100 times for example takes place just need change impact head to 1000 times.Obviously, for the pick up calibration work of the small impact that detects the mechanical fault initiation, this characteristics and the shortcoming of existing shock testing machine just in time become the reason that can not adopt, because during the calibration impact detection sensor, need the inspection sensor to experience the ability of the small impact of mechanical incipient failure initiation, for example differentiate the low impact that reaches 0.01g; The repetition frequency that the fault of machinery is impacted is higher, and for example the bearing fault frequency of impact of high speed machine reaches thousands of Hz.

Task of the present invention is: design a kind of frequency of impact and change between can be from 10Hz to 1000Hz, the impact amplitude can change between the 0.01g-100g, and after the selected amplitude no matter frequency change whether, its amplitude can be stablized constant; Simultaneously, shock testing machine self is not subjected to the impact of being sent and damages.And, be used for the output " table top " of the physical shock signal that sends to the sensor that is calibrated, have good consistance.

The utility model content

This electronic calibration impact table is characterized in that: contain the stage body of being made up of impact anvil 1, piezoelectric element 2, damper 3, pretension screw 4, emission end cap 5, absorber 6,7, reception end cap 8 and form with the driver 9 that is connected with the piezoelectric element of stage body; The A end of piezoelectric element 2 direct contact impact anvils wherein, damper 3 abuts against the other end of piezoelectric element; Absorber 6 is close to transmitting terminal A end, compress and touch by emission end cap 5, emission end cap 5 then is fixed on the transmitting terminal periphery that impacts anvil 1 by screw thread, and is fixed on the emission end cap 5 and is pressed on the damper 3 by the pretension screw 4 with pressuring action and corrective action pretightning force; Shock wave can be returned the A end by impacting anvil 1 its table top of arrival B end back reflection, reflex to the interference that B end produced then again and the absorber of establishing 7 installed near table top B end, and by receiving that end cap 8 compresses and affixed by screw thread again with the receiving end circumference that impacts anvil 1, the anode of described driver 9 outputs is connected the positive ending grounding of piezoelectric element 2 with the negative terminal of piezoelectric element 2.

It is L that the transmitting terminal A of described impact anvil 1 holds the distance of table top B end, velocity of propagation/4 reflection wave frequencies of compressional wave in impacting the anvil material of the velocity of propagation of this length L=one-way transmission time compressional wave that impacts anvil in impacting the anvil material=(2n+1).

The flatness of the transmitting terminal table top A of described impact anvil 1, the surface of contact of receiving end table top B 0.015 ~ 0.045, smooth finish exists

And the circumference that impacts anvil 1 is the surface with diffuse reflecting power, and covering on its surface have absorption, the material of loss shock wave ability, impacting anvil 1 simultaneously is provided with and cuts width is slightly larger than the mounting hole degree of depth in 0.1 ~ 0.2mm, axial depth crack 10 vertically, table top is divided into fan-shaped with sensing tolerance equal portions, and filling is to prevent that the part of cutting from forming the glue of the high damping of the high Q value of tuning-fork type resonator system in crack; 12 of described sensors are located in the mounting hole of receiving end table top B.

Described and the flatness of impacting the face that absorber 6,7 that two receiving end table top A, the B of anvil closely contact contacts with impact anvil face A, B 0.015 ~ 0.045, smooth finish exists

, and between filling thin layer couplant silicone oil, and fastening with impact anvil receiving end circumference respectively by receiving

end cap

5,8 by screw thread, be no gap contact condition.

Described piezoelectric element 2 reaches odd number group piezoelectric elements 10%-70%, 2 every group that impact anvil 1 diameter by diameter and combines, and is combined into emitting module by piezoelectric element 2 and damper (3); Described piezoelectric element 28,2A, 21,22,2D, 2F and draw electric sheet 29,2B, 23,2C, 2E, 2G draw electric sheet 29,23,2E according to the order at mutual interval, by negative pole electricity-leading end on one side, positive pole draws electric sheet 2B, 2C, 2G stack to the rule on opposite one side, insert insulating sleeve 25 in the mesopore, the hole of passing spring washer 26 and insulating sleeve 25 with screw 27 is connected to the emitting module of six three groups of coupling block 24 compositions; All negative poles draw electric sheet 29,23,2E connects, and draw the positive pole that connects driving voltage by flexible cord 2H, all positive poles draw electric sheet 2B, 2C, 2G connect, and realize being connected to damper 3, coupling block 24 and impacting anvil 1, and receive the negative pole or the ground wire GND of driving voltage by flexible cord 2I.

If save piezoelectric element and draw electric sheet 28,29,2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, 2G and then constitute two one group emitting module.

Described driver 9 contains voltage generator 91 and frequency controller 92, described voltage generator 91 links to each other from signal input part UI to ground wire GND with control voltage signal from computing machine DA converter, frequency controller 92 also receives the frequency signal FI from the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of opertaing devices such as computing machine, handle through frequency controller 92, output voltage amplitude approximates control voltage VF1, frequency equals FI, has precipitous saltus step forward position, the undersuing on certain width and edge, gradual back is received the 2H end of piezoelectric element 2, and ground wire GND then receives the earth terminal 2I of piezoelectric element 2.

Described voltage generator 91 contains working power V ₁, high-voltage power supply V ₂, amplifier OP ₁, triode T ₁, T ₂, diode D ₁, resistor R ₁-R ₈, capacitor C ₁, meeting GND from the signal ground of computing machine DA transducer, reference voltage signal inserts the resistor R of voltage generator 91 from signal input part UI ₆An end, another termination amplifier OP of resistor ₁Negative input end, this negative input end also passes through capacitor C in parallel ₁Receive the output terminal of amplifier, working power V with resistor R 7 ₁Anode VDD receive amplifier OP ₁Positive power source terminal, V ₁Negativing ending grounding, amplifier OP ₁Negativing ending grounding, amplifier OP ₁Output signal also pass through resistor R ₃Receive high voltage bearing triode T ₂Base stage, triode T ₁Emitter meet diode D ₁Anode, D ₁Negativing ending grounding GND, triode T ₂Emitter also pass through resistor R ₈Receive working power V ₁Anode VDD, triode T ₂Collector through protective resistance R ₅Termination resistor R ₄An end and the control utmost point of high voltage bearing VMOS triode T1, R ₄The other end and triode T ₁Drain electrode meet high-voltage power supply V ₂Anode, V ₂Negativing ending grounding GND, triode T ₁Source electrode output control voltage VF ₁, this VF ₁Also pass through resistor R ₁Resistor R with an end ground connection ₂The series connection dividing potential drop is received amplifier OP with branch pressure voltage ₁Positive input terminal.

Described frequency controller 92 contains triode T ₃, resistor R ₉, R ₁₀, capacitor C ₂, phase inverter U ₂, with door U ₃, control voltage VF ₁Termination resistor R ₉An end, R ₉Another termination VMOS triode T ₃Drain electrode, and the output drive signal is received the 2H end of piezoelectric element, T ₃Source ground GND, and receive the 2I end of piezoelectric element, receive U from the frequency signal FI of the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of opertaing devices such as computing machine ₂Input end and U ₃One of input end, U ₂Input end through resistor R ₁₀Receive U ₃Input end two, U ₃Input end two also pass through capacitor C ₂Ground connection GND, U ₃The width of output process differential is about the above pulse of 10us and receives T ₃The control utmost point.

The periphery of described impact anvil (1) is annular knurl face or the sandblast face with diffuse reflecting power.

Thisly be used for the shock testing machine that the impact detecting sensor is carried out shock calibration according to what above technical scheme proposed, its frequency of impact changes between from 10Hz to 1000Hz, the impact amplitude can change from 0.01g to 100g, because by taking the technical measures of physical construction and control circuit two aspects, make shock testing machine after selected amplitude, no matter whether frequency change, and its amplitude can be stablized constant, shock testing machine self is not impaired because of the impact damage of being sent, and has the shock resistance feature of long life.Output " table top " especially for send from the physical shock signal to the sensor that is calibrated has good conforming shock testing machine, makes the installation code sensor and compared the result of calibration by the school sensor accurately good.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2-1-1 is one of the derivation of shock testing machine design theory model and artificial circuit;

Fig. 2-1-2 is the transport property synoptic diagram of one of the derivation of shock testing machine design theory model and artificial circuit;

Fig. 2-1-3 is the oscillogram of one of the derivation of shock testing machine design theory model and artificial circuit;

Fig. 2-2-1 is two of the derivation of shock testing machine design theory model and an artificial circuit;

Fig. 2-2-2 is two a transport property synoptic diagram of the derivation of shock testing machine design theory model and artificial circuit;

Fig. 2-2-3 is two a transport property synoptic diagram of the derivation of shock testing machine design theory model and artificial circuit;

Fig. 3 impacts the anvil face to crack and fan-shaped installed surface figure;

Fig. 4 is emitting module figure;

Fig. 5 is divider chain figure;

Fig. 6-the 1st, the driver artificial circuit;

Fig. 6-the 2nd, the output of driver when reference voltage and frequency signal variation;

Fig. 6-the 3rd, the waveform when driver input Computer signal voltage 5V, output drive voltage 500V, excitation frequency 1000Hz;

Fig. 7-the 1st, the associative simulation circuit diagram of driver and shock testing machine;

Fig. 7-the 2nd is with the output of the simulation shock wave excitation shock testing machine that impacts width 20us 40us release time;

The output of the shock wave excitation shock testing machine of impact width 20us 40us release time of Fig. 7-3 usefulness divider chain output.

Among the figure: 1, impact anvil 2, piezoelectric element 3, damper 4, pretension screw 5, emission end cap 6, absorber 7, absorber 8, reception end cap 9, driver 10, crack 11, sector 12, sensor

Embodiment

Be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

For example: get the exponent number n=1 of utilization,

The transmission speed V=5200m/s of shock wave in impacting anvil,

The sensor resonance-characteristic frequency F that the shock testing machine reflection frequency need be avoided ₀=20kHz, bandwidth B=4kHz (＜=2D)

Then impact the length L=0.195m of anvil,

Reflection wave frequency F ₁=13.33kHz.

1,2 rank of reflection frequency and the poor D=6.66kHz of characteristic frequency.Satisfy D＞B/2.

Again for example, n=4, V=5200m/s, F ₀=20kHz, B=4kHz;

Then impact the V/ (4F of the length L of anvil=(2n+1) ₀)=0.585m.

Reflection wave frequency F ₁=2F ₀/ (2n+1)=4.444kHz.

The high order of frequency that characteristic frequency and reflection frequency are nearest poor:

D=F ₀-nF1=2.222kHz, D=(n+1) F ₁-F ₀=2.222kHz satisfies D＞B/2.

Fig. 2-1-1 ~ 2-2-3 is the derivation and the simulation analysis of the theoretical model of above-mentioned design formula.

If impacting the length of anvil is L=0.585m,

If hitting the transmission speed of ripple in impacting anvil is V=5200m/s,

If piezoelectric element 2 is FA=50kHz with the generalized resonance frequency of the emission resonator system that damper 3 and elasticity pretension screw 4 are formed,

If shock testing machine reflection frequency resonance frequency that need avoid, sensor is F ₀=20kHz, bandwidth B ₀=4kHz;

Impacting anvil is CA from transmitting terminal A end to the slippages that receiving end table top B end transmits the impact compressional wave, and impacting anvil is CB from the slippages that the B end impacts compressional wave to other end transmission.The system model of then setting up accompanying drawing 2 is as follows:

Shock wave from impacting anvil A end to the B end with from the B end to A end transmission delay time is:

TAB＝TBA＝L/V＝0.585m/(5200m/s)＝112.5us，

Select to equal time delay of chronotron UI TAB=TBA=L/V=112.5us in view of the above.

Shock wave is CA=0.9 from the loss that the A end is delivered to B,

0.9=CA=R2/R1=4.5k Ω/5k Ω is then arranged,

Shock wave is held the loss that is delivered to A from B, decays to CB=0.05 significantly owing to the effect of absorber 6,7,

0.05=CB=R2/R3=4.5k Ω/45k Ω is then arranged,

Shock wave is held the loss that is delivered to A from B, if the effect of absorber 6,7 has only CB=0.5,

CB=0.5=R2/R3=4.5k Ω/9k Ω is then arranged.

The second-order system resonator of emitting module is UA, is FA=50kHz according to its resonance frequency, calculates its time delay of TA=1/ (2 π FA)=3.183us, if its bandwidth B A=5kHz, then its quality factor QA=FA/BA=10, then damping ratio NA=1/ (2QA)=50m

Sensor second-order system resonator is UB, is F according to its resonance frequency ₀=20kHz calculates its time delay of T ₀=1/ (2 π F ₀)=7.9577us establishes its bandwidth B ₀=4kHz, then its quality factor Q ₀=F ₀/ B ₀=5, damping ratio N then ₀=1/ (2Q0)=100m.

Model and transport property such as Fig. 2 according to above-mentioned design.Surge waveform is the sudden change forward position, duration 20us, die-away time 40us, the impact signal of being launched with the emulation driver.

Fig. 2-1-1 ~ 2-1-3 is the derivation and the emulation of the theoretical model of CA=0.9CB=0.5, because the decay of absorber only 0.5, B holds at the VFB of 20kHz place unevenness degree 1.5dB, in the sensor in the scope of 20kHz bandwidth 4kHz VF ₀Uneven degree 6.52dB, defective greater than 3dB.And last till 0.2ms for the response wave shape that 1kHz impacts, amplitude 1.66VPP, and added 2 reflection waves.

Fig. 2-2-1 ~ 2-2-3 is the derivation and the emulation of the theoretical model of CA=0.9CB=0.1, owing to only on 0.1 the basis, also have absorber decay 0.9, therefore in the decay of impacting anvil, B end is at the VFB of 20kHz place unevenness degree 0.26dB, in the sensor in the scope of 20kHz bandwidth 4kHz VF ₀Uneven degree 0.81dB.Qualified less than 1dB.And the response wave shape that impacts for 1kHz lasts till 0.2ms.Amplitude 1.66VPP does not almost have reflection wave.

Therefore, strengthening the coupling of absorber 6,7 impact anvils and the damping vibration attenuation effect of shock wave is to improve the key of the frequency characteristic of this shock testing machine, stability.

The design consideration of above-mentioned second-order system is following formula:

A) the resonance frequency f of second-order system and its design parameter time delay t funtcional relationship:

f＝1/(2πt)

B) relation of the Q value of second-order system and its design parameter damping ratio n:

Q＝1/(2n)

C) the gain K of resonance peak:

K＝20logQ

D) bandwidth B of peak value resonator:

B＝f/Q

E) T die-away time of generalized resonance ripple:

T＝1/(2B)＝Q/(2f)

Described a kind of electronic calibration impact table in order to add the coupling effect of thump anvil to absorber, the transmitting terminal table top A that impacts anvil 1, the surface of contact of receiving end table top B, is processed into flatness 0.015 ~ 0.045, and smooth finish exists

, planes that table top A, B can closely contacts with absorber 6,7 so that shock wave can be coupled into also portion's decay that is depleted within it of absorber 6,7 effectively; The circumference that impacts anvil 1 is processed into the surface with diffuse reflecting power, for example annular knurl, sandblast; And apply material again with absorption, loss shock wave ability, as macromolecule resin material; To reduce remaining reflections affect; In order to prevent that reflection that uniform S (S 〉=2) the mounting hole face that individual sensor bored that is installed on the B end that impacts anvil 1 causes is transmitted to other sensor and causes interference, and according to the quantity S for preparing sensor installation, and cut the width crack (0.1 ~ 0.2mm) little, that axial depth is slightly larger than the mounting hole degree of depth of trying one's best vertically, table top is divided into the sector of S equal portions, and forms tuning-fork type high Q value resonator system and the glue of immersion high damping in crack for the part that prevents to cut.As accompanying drawing 3.

Described a kind of electronic calibration impact table reflects to reduce for the shock wave that guarantees table top can effectively be coupled in the absorber 7 and be absorbed the device decay, it is characterized in that:

1) use the acoustic speed of propagation high damping material close (for example to impact anvil 1 and use the 45# steel with the absorber 7 that the receiving end table top B that impacts anvil closely contacts with the acoustic speed of propagation of impacting anvil, damper 7 uses spheroidal-graphite cast iron) make, except with above-mentioned S the through hole that the sensor mounting hole is corresponding, all the other with impact faces that anvil face B contacts all be processed into flatness 0.015 ~ 0.045, smooth finish exists

, can with impact the plane that anvil receiving end table top B closely contacts, and smear thin layer couplant (as silicone oil) and fill the microvoid that may exist between itself and the B end, with receive end cap 8 by screw thread with impact fastening absorber 7 and the table top of making of anvil receiving end circumference and compress.

2) in like manner, use the acoustic speed of propagation high damping material close (for example to impact anvil 1 and use the 45# steel with the absorber 6 that the transmitting terminal A end that impacts anvil closely contacts with the acoustic speed of propagation of impacting anvil, damper 6 uses spheroidal-graphite cast iron) make, except the through hole corresponding with above-mentioned piezoelectric element 2 and damper 3 mounting holes and fairlead thereof, all the other with the face that impacts anvil transmitting terminal A end in contact all be processed into flatness 0.015 ~ 0.045 and smooth finish exist , can with impact the plane that anvil transmitting terminal A end closely contact, and smear thin layer couplant (as silicone oil) fill its with the A end between the microvoid that may exist, emission end cap 5 by screw thread with impact that anvil transmitting terminal circumference is fastening to be held absorber 6 and A to compress.

Described a kind of electronic calibration impact table, for the dynamics that improves physical shock and reduce pressure for transmitting terminal B, reduce the voltage of excitation piezoelectric element (as piezoelectric ceramics etc.) and simplify the wiring of piezoelectric element, it is characterized in that using large tracts of land (its diameter reach impact anvil 1 diameter 10% ~ 70%), the piezoelectric element 2 of every group 2 odd number group piezoelectric element combination is combined into emitting module such as Fig. 4 with damper 3, piezoelectric element 28,2A, 21,22,2D, 2F with draw electric sheet 29,2B, 23,2C, 2E, 2G is according to 28,29,2A, 2B, 21,23,22,2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, the order of 2G and polarity shown in Figure 4 stack, wherein negative pole draws electric sheet 29,23, the electricity-leading end of 2E is on one side, positive pole draws electric sheet 2B, 2C, 2G is to opposite one side, insert insulating sleeve 25 in the mesopore, the hole of passing spring washer 26 and insulating sleeve 25 with screw 27 is connected to coupling block 24 and forms 63 groups emitting module, all negative poles draw electric sheet 29,23,2E connects, and draw the positive pole that connects driving voltage by flexible cord 2H, all positive poles draw electric sheet 2B, 2C, thereby 2G connects realization is connected to damper 3, coupling block 24 and impact anvil 1, and receive the negative pole or the ground wire GND of driving voltage by flexible cord 2I.If save piezoelectric element and draw electric sheet 28,29,2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, 2G and then constitute 21 group emitting module.

The degree of tightening of screw 27 only be in advance with piezoelectric element, draw electric sheet, damper, coupling block connects as one so that adjust each part and keep their right alignment, and this screw when the A end that impacts anvil 1 is afterburning just loses tightening force by damper 3 and this assembly at pretension screw 4; Only need apply more than 1/6 of driving voltage when using monolithic piezoelectric element when 63 groups scheme can realize producing identical shock stress, only need apply more than 1/2 of driving voltage when using monolithic piezoelectric element when 21 group scheme can realize producing identical shock stress; Above-mentioned piezoelectric element and the connected mode of drawing electric sheet can realize that the wiring, particularly 21 group scheme simplified most make only to be needed external application a slice is drawn electric sheet and will be drawn electric sheet and wiring and be reduced to minimum level for the influence of assembly frequency response etc.

The feature of described a kind of electronic calibration impact table is that also driver 9 contains voltage generator 91 and frequency controller 92, control voltage signal from computing machine DA converter inserts voltage generator 91 to ground wire GND from signal input part UI, and principle of work is that the voltage generator of classical series connection electronic regulator is controlled voltage VF according to certain amplification coefficient output ₁, receive frequency controller 92, frequency controller 92 also receives the frequency signal FI from the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of opertaing devices such as computing machine, handles through frequency controller 92, and output voltage amplitude approximates control voltage VF ₁, frequency equals the 2H end that undersuing FI, that have precipitous saltus step forward position, certain width and edge, gradual back is received piezoelectric element 2, ground wire GND then receives the earth terminal 2I of piezoelectric element 2.

Embodiment such as Fig. 5 of the driver 9 of described a kind of electronic calibration impact table, its feature is that also voltage generator 91 contains working power V ₁, high-voltage power supply V ₂, amplifier OP ₁, triode T ₁, T ₂, diode D ₁, resistor R ₁-R ₈, capacitor C ₁, meeting GND from the signal ground of computing machine DA transducer, reference voltage signal is from an end of the resistor R 6 of signal input part UI access voltage generator 91, another termination amplifier OP of resistor ₁Negative input end, this width of cloth input end also passes through capacitor C in parallel ₁And resistor R ₇Receive the output terminal of amplifier, working power V ₁Anode VDD receive amplifier OP ₁Positive power source terminal, V ₁Negativing ending grounding, amplifier OP ₁Negativing ending grounding, amplifier OP ₁Output signal also pass through resistor R ₃Receive high voltage bearing triode T ₂Base stage, triode T ₂Emitter meet diode D ₁Anode, D ₁Negativing ending grounding GND, triode T ₂Emitter also pass through resistor R ₈Receive working power V ₁Anode VDD, triode T ₂Collector through protective resistance R ₅Termination resistor R ₄An end and high voltage bearing VMOS triode T ₁The control utmost point, R ₄The other end and triode T ₁Drain electrode meet high-voltage power supply V ₂Anode, V ₂Negativing ending grounding GND, triode T ₁Source electrode output control voltage VF ₁, this VF ₁Also pass through resistor R ₁Resistor R with an end ground connection ₂The series connection dividing potential drop is received amplifier OP with branch pressure voltage ₁Positive input terminal.Because sampling coefficient C=R ₂/ (R ₁+ R ₂)=1/100, thus control amplification coefficient G=1/C=100, promptly with U ₁During the control of=1V input voltage, the control voltage of the about 100V of output.

Embodiment 2:

According to embodiment Fig. 5 of the driver 9 of

claim

1 and 5 described a kind of electronic calibration impact tables, its feature is that also frequency controller 92 contains triode T ₃, resistor R ₉, R ₁₀, capacitor C ₂, phase inverter U ₂, with door U ₃, control voltage VF ₁Termination resistor R ₉An end, R ₉Another termination VMOS triode T ₃Drain electrode, and the output drive signal is received the 2H end of piezoelectric element, T ₃Source ground GND, and receive the 2I end of piezoelectric element, receive U from the frequency signal FI of the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of opertaing devices such as computing machine ₂Input end and U ₃One of input end, U ₂Input end through resistor R ₁₀Receive U ₃Input end two, U ₃Input end two also pass through capacitor C ₂Ground connection GND, U ₃The width of output process differential is about the above pulse of 10us and receives T ₃The control utmost point.So that circuit output have the control voltage level, negative pulse width be 10us above, frequency equals the driving pulse of FI incoming frequency, de-energisation piezoelectric element.

Simulation analysis circuit such as Fig. 6 of Fig. 5 driver.

Fig. 6-the 1st wherein, the artificial circuit of driver, Fig. 6-the 2nd, the output of driver when reference voltage and frequency signal change, Fig. 6-the 3rd, the waveform when driver input Computer signal voltage 5V, output drive voltage 500V, excitation frequency 1000Hz.

As seen: during the signal voltage UI=50mV of computing machine output, the about 5V of the output voltage of VF1; During the signal voltage UI=5V of computing machine output, VF ₁The about 500V of output voltage, and the high level of 2H output voltage is about 500V, and low level is about 0, computing machine has favorable linearity for the pulse voltage of driver output; This 5V input voltage is transformed to the FI=1000Hz frequency through U1, and control driver output frequency is the driving pulse of 1000Hz.

Fig. 7-the 1st, the associative simulation circuit diagram of driver and shock testing machine, among the figure, C3=10n is the equivalent condenser of piezoelectric element 2.R ₉Be bleeder resistance, to compensate for T ₁The in parallel bleeder resistance of source between leaking.Resistor R ₈, R ₁₂The time 1/500 voltage divider so that the dynamo-electric transition loss coefficient of simulation piezoelectric element and contrast with principles simulation (UA imports 1VPP).

Fig. 7-the 2nd, with the output of the simulation shock wave excitation shock testing machine that impacts width 20us 40us release time, its output amplitude reaches VF0=1.14vpp.

Fig. 7-the 3rd impacts the output amplitude VF0=0.75VPP that 20us/40us acts on shock testing machine with the defeated driver of the shock wave excitation shock testing machine of impact width 20us 40us release time of divider chain output.

This a kind of electronic calibration impact table in sum, owing to taked above technical scheme, therefore system reaches purpose of design: its frequency of impact changes between from 10Hz to 1000Hz, the impact amplitude can change from 0.01g to 100g, because by taking the technical measures of physical construction and control circuit two aspects, make shock testing machine after selected amplitude, no matter whether frequency change, its amplitude can be stablized constant, shock testing machine self is not impaired because of the impact damage of being sent, and has the shock resistance feature of long life.Especially for the output " table top " of sending the physical shock signal to the sensor that is calibrated, having has good conforming shock testing machine, make the installation code sensor and the result that compared, calibrate by the school sensor accurately good.

Claims

1. an electronic calibration impact table is characterized in that: contain by impacting anvil (1), piezoelectric element (2), damper (3), pretension screw (4), emission end cap (5), absorber (6) and the stage body that (7), reception end cap (8) are formed and form with the driver (9) that is connected with the piezoelectric element of stage body; Piezoelectric element wherein (2) is the A end of contact impact anvil directly, and damper (3) abuts against the other end of piezoelectric element; Absorber (6) is close to transmitting terminal A end, compress and touch by emission end cap (5), emission end cap (5) then is fixed on the transmitting terminal periphery that impacts anvil (1) by screw thread, and is fixed on emission end cap (5) by the pretension screw (4) with pressuring action and corrective action pretightning force and goes up and be pressed on the damper (3); Shock wave can be arrived its table top B end back reflection by impact anvil (1) and return the A end, reflex to the interference that B end produced then again and the absorber of establishing (7) installed near table top B end, and by receiving that end cap (8) compresses and affixed by screw thread again with the receiving end circumference that impacts anvil (1), the anode of described driver (9) output is connected the positive ending grounding of piezoelectric element (2) with the negative terminal of piezoelectric element (2).

2. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is L that the transmitting terminal A that impacts anvil (1) holds the distance of table top B end, velocity of propagation/4 reflection wave frequencies of compressional wave in impacting the anvil material of the velocity of propagation of this length L=one-way transmission time compressional wave that impacts anvil in impacting the anvil material=(2n+1).

3. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the flatness of surface of contact of transmitting terminal table top (A), receiving end table top (B) of impacting anvil (1) 0.015 ~ 0.045, smooth finish exists

And the circumference that impacts anvil (1) is the surface with diffuse reflecting power, and covering on its surface have absorption, the material of loss shock wave ability, impacting anvil (1) simultaneously is provided with and cuts width is slightly larger than the mounting hole degree of depth in 0.1 ~ 0.2mm, axial depth crack (10) vertically, table top is divided into fan-shaped with sensing tolerance equal portions, and filling is to prevent that the part of cutting from forming the glue of the high damping of the high Q value of tuning-fork type resonator system in crack.

4. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described and flatness of impacting the face that absorber (6,7) that two receiving end table top A, the B of anvil closely contact contacts with impact anvil face A, B 0.015 ~ 0.045, smooth finish exists , and between filling thin layer couplant silicone oil, and fastening with impact anvil receiving end circumference respectively by receiving end cap (5,8) by screw thread, be no gap contact condition.

5. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described piezoelectric element (2) reaches odd number group piezoelectric elements 10%-70%, 2 every group that impact anvil (1) diameter by diameter and combines, and is combined into emitting module by piezoelectric element (2) and damper (3); Described piezoelectric element (28), (2A), (21), (22), (2D), (2F) and draw electric sheet (29), (2B), (23), (2C), (2E), (2G) draw electric sheet (29), (23), (2E) according to the order at mutual interval, by negative pole electricity-leading end on one side, positive pole draws electric sheet (2B), (2C), (2G) and stacks to the rule on opposite one side, insert insulating sleeve (25) in the mesopore, the hole of passing spring washer (26) and insulating sleeve (25) with screw (27) is connected to coupling block (24) and forms 63 groups emitting module; All negative poles draw electric sheet (29), (23), (2E) connection, and draw the positive pole that connects driving voltage by flexible cord (2H), all positive poles draw electric sheet (2B), (2C), (2G) connection, realization is connected to damper (3), coupling block (24) and impacts anvil (1), and receives the negative pole or the ground wire GND of driving voltage by flexible cord (2I).

6. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver (9) contains voltage generator (91) and frequency controller (92), described voltage generator (91) links to each other from signal input part UI to ground wire GND with control voltage signal from computing machine DA converter, frequency controller (92) also receives the frequency signal FI from the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of opertaing devices such as computing machine, handle through frequency controller (92), output voltage amplitude approximates control voltage VF1, frequency equals FI, has precipitous saltus step forward position, the undersuing on certain width and edge, gradual back is received (2H) end of piezoelectric element (2), and ground wire GND then receives the earth terminal (2I) of piezoelectric element (2).

7. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 6 is characterized in that: voltage generator (91) contains working power V ₁, high-voltage power supply V ₂, amplifier OP ₁, triode T ₁, T ₂, diode D ₁, resistor R ₁-R ₈, capacitor C ₁, meeting GND from the signal ground of computing machine DA transducer, reference voltage signal inserts the resistor R of voltage generator (91) from signal input part UI ₆An end, another termination amplifier OP of resistor ₁Negative input end, this negative input end also passes through capacitor C in parallel ₁Receive the output terminal of amplifier, working power V with resistor R 7 ₁Anode VDD receive amplifier OP ₁Positive power source terminal, V ₁Negativing ending grounding, amplifier OP ₁Negativing ending grounding, amplifier OP ₁Output signal also pass through resistor R ₃Receive high voltage bearing triode T ₂Base stage, triode T ₁Emitter meet diode D ₁Anode, D ₁Negativing ending grounding GND, triode T ₂Emitter also pass through resistor R ₈Receive working power V ₁Anode VDD, triode T ₂Collector through protective resistance R ₅Termination resistor R ₄An end and the control utmost point of high voltage bearing VMOS triode T1, R ₄The other end and triode T ₁Drain electrode meet high-voltage power supply V ₂Anode, V ₂Negativing ending grounding GND, triode T ₁Source electrode output control voltage VF ₁, this VF ₁Also pass through resistor R ₁Resistor R with an end ground connection ₂The series connection dividing potential drop is received amplifier OP with branch pressure voltage ₁Positive input terminal.

8. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 6 is characterized in that: frequency controller (92) contains triode T ₃, resistor R ₉, R ₁₀, capacitor C ₂, phase inverter U ₂, with door U ₃, control voltage VF ₁Termination resistor R ₉An end, R ₉Another termination VMOS triode T ₃Drain electrode, and the output drive signal is received the 2H end of piezoelectric element, T ₃Source ground GND, and receive (2I) end of piezoelectric element, receive U from the frequency signal FI of the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of opertaing devices such as computing machine ₂Input end and U ₃One of input end, U ₂Input end through resistor R ₁₀Receive U ₃Input end two, U ₃Input end two also pass through capacitor C ₂Ground connection GND, U ₃The width of output process differential is about the above pulse of 10us and receives T ₃The control utmost point.

9. a kind of electronic calibration impact table according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the periphery of described impact anvil (1) is annular knurl face or the sandblast face with diffuse reflecting power.