CN203148641U - Turbo-generator unit vibration detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of large turbo-generator detection and discloses a turbo-generator unit vibration detection system. The system comprises a turbine-generator unit, a spectrum detection module, a DSP and a sound source positioning module. The spectrum detection module comprises a piezoelectric ceramic sensor which is mounted on the turbine-generator unit. The sound source positioning module comprises a temperature sensor and a piezoelectric ceramic sensor array which is distributed at different positions of the turbine-generator unit. The DSP is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic sensor and the sound source positioning module respectively. The DSP controls the spectrum detection module to monitor the sound of the turbine-generator unit through the piezoelectric ceramic sensor. When the sound of the turbine-generator unit is abnormal, the sound source positioning module determines the vibration position of the turbine-generator unit through the temperature sensor and the piezoelectric ceramic sensor array. The turbo-generator unit vibration detection system has the advantages of high precision and wide application range.

Description

The Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system

Technical field

The utility model relates to large turbo-type generator group detection technique field, particularly a kind of Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system.

Background technology

Large turbo-type generator group shafting torsional oscillation is a key factor that influences Turbo-generator Set work, refer to the torsional vibration of shafting that produces because of dynamo-electric disturbance or abnormal running mode, can make some cross section or the shaft coupling place of axle system produce excessive alternation twisting stress when serious, cause impact or the fatigue accumulation damage of axle system, directly threaten the safe operation of unit.If the twisting amplitude is excessive, shear stress surpasses elastic limit, and material will produce fatigue accumulation; When fatigue accumulation during to the life-span material will begin to occur crackle, crackle develops gradually, causes the serious accident of material fracture at last.In present stage, also there is not good way that this vibration is monitored.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system is provided, in the hope of utilizing the acoustic-electric transfer principle by this device, and be foundation with the spectrum analysis, find the abnormal vibration of Turbo-generator Set accurately and fast.

The technical scheme that the utility model is taked is:

A kind of Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system, comprise Turbo-generator Set, the frequency spectrum detection module, DSP, the auditory localization module, it is characterized in that, described frequency spectrum detection module comprises a piezoceramic transducer, described piezoceramic transducer is installed on the Turbo-generator Set, described auditory localization module comprises a temperature sensor and piezoceramic transducer array, described piezoceramic transducer array distribution is arranged on the diverse location of described Turbo-generator Set, described DSP respectively with described piezoceramic transducer, the auditory localization module is electrical connected, described DSP controls described frequency spectrum detection module and by described piezoceramic transducer the sound of Turbo-generator Set is monitored, when the sound of Turbo-generator Set is led often, described auditory localization module was determined the vibration position of the Turbo-generator Set of pine by described temperature sensor and described piezoceramic transducer array.

Further, described detection system also comprises an alarm module, described alarm module comprises a hummer and a digital display tube, when described piezoceramic transducer monitors the cacophonia of vibration of Turbo-generator Set, described buzzer warning, described digital display tube shows the position perspective view of Turbo-generator Set Vibration.

3. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described hummer is piezo buzzer.

4. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DSP comprises a timer, described DSP regularly sends control signal to described frequency spectrum detection module according to the timing time of timer, controls described piezoceramic transducer and detects the voice signal that Turbo-generator Set is sent.

5. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described piezoceramic transducer array comprises at least 3 piezoceramic transducers.

6. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described piezoceramic transducer array employing equilateral triangle structure.

7. according to each described Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the piezoceramic transducer in the piezoceramic transducer in the described frequency spectrum detection module and the described piezoceramic transducer array all adopts the water proof type ultrasonic sensor.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) accuracy of detection height, applied widely;

(2) device structure is simple, and is cheap;

(3) simple to operate, detect with the location and all finish by DSP, low for operator's technical requirement.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;

The workflow synoptic diagram that accompanying drawing 2 is to use the utility model to detect;

Accompanying drawing 3 is piezoceramic transducer arranged in arrays synoptic diagram.

Label among the figure is represented respectively:

11. frequency spectrum detection module; 111. piezoceramic transducer;

12.DSP; 13. auditory localization module;

131. temperature sensor; 132. piezoceramic transducer array;

14. alarm module; 141. hummer;

142. charactron.

Embodiment

Elaborate below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to the utility model Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system comprises frequency spectrum detection module 11, DSP12, auditory localization module 13 and alarm module 14.

Described frequency spectrum detection module 11 comprises a piezoceramic transducer 111, described piezoceramic transducer 111 is electrical connected with described DSP12, and the voice signal that sends for detection of Turbo-generator Set Vibration also is converted into electric signal with described voice signal and sends described DSP12 to.Piezoceramic transducer 111 comprises 40A25TR-1 water proof type ultrasonic sensor.Make the electric signal of transmission for regulating, so the user adjusts accordingly when setting the reference amplitude variable according to actual measurement environment (for example, the turbodynamo of different capacity, different manufacturers, its frequency spectrum are also different).

At first the piezoceramic transducer 111 to frequency spectrum detection module 11 carries out initialization.When normally using in certain workplace, Turbo-generator Set Vibration can send number voice, after piezoceramic transducer 111 detects the voice signal that obtains under the normal condition, it is converted into corresponding electric signal and is delivered to DSP12 by lead with the normal sound signal, carry out spectrum analysis by DSP12, obtain the reference amplitude variable, piezoceramic transducer 111 electric signal that is sent to DSP12 contrasts with the reference amplitude variable after spectrum analysis afterwards, and handles accordingly according to comparative result.Because any one electric signal can utilize Fourier transform to convert the N subharmonic to, get first three harmonic wave and its conversion is synthesized frequency-region signal, obtain the amplitude variable of the electric signal that detects, recorded this electric signal exactly so record the coefficient of these three harmonic waves; Get four harmonic waves if the raising precision can increase to, only need correspondingly change the model of DSP to improve the performance of DSP.

DSP12 is electrical connected with piezoceramic transducer 111, auditory localization module 13 and alarm module 14 respectively.DSP12 adopts TMS320F2812, and this DSP has low-power consumption, low-voltage and advantages such as the order set function is strong, efficient is high, fast operation.DSP12 sends control signal to frequency spectrum detection module 11, and control piezoceramic transducer 111 detects the voice signal that Turbo-generator Set Vibration is sent.DSP12 comprises a timer, set the timer per minute and send control signal to frequency spectrum detection module 11, control piezoceramic transducer 111 detects the voice signal that Turbo-generator Set Vibration is sent, and piezoceramic transducer 111 is sent to detected voice signal among the DSP12 through becoming electric signal after transforming.

DSP12 carries out Fourier transform with the electric signal that receives and converts third harmonic to, and its conversion is synthesized frequency-region signal.The amplitude variable of the frequency-region signal of DSP12, contrast with the corresponding spectrum signal (reference amplitude variable) under originally recording the Turbo-generator Set Vibration normal operation, if identically then continue this circulation (namely continue control piezoceramic transducer 111 detect); If inequality, DSP12 sends trigger pip, triggers alarm module 14; Send enable signal simultaneously, make auditory localization module 13 in running order.

Auditory localization module 13 comprises a temperature sensor 131 and piezoceramic transducer array 132.Temperature sensor 131 is used for being recorded in the amplitude variable of detected electric signal and the reference amplitude variable environment temperature when inequality, thus the velocity of sound of drawing; The velocity of sound can adopt DSP12 to draw by look-up table according to the temperature of record.Because the velocity of sound of fixed temperature is determined, and look-up table Billy is fast with the speed that algorithm calculates the velocity of sound.Simultaneously, the voice signal that piezoceramic transducer array 132 record Turbo-generator Set Vibration are sent arrives the time of different piezoceramic transducers in the piezoceramic transducer array 132, draws the mistiming.DSP12 is by the velocity of sound and mistiming that auditory localization module 13 draws, the abnormal vibration point plane projection position when utilizing the sodar time difference method to draw Turbo-generator Set Vibration to be in unstable state.Wherein, piezoceramic transducer array 132 comprises at least 3 piezoceramic transducers, and all piezoceramic transducers comprise 40A25TR-1 water proof type ultrasonic sensor.When the piezoceramic transducer 111 of frequency spectrum detection module 11 carries out initialization, all piezoceramic transducers in the piezoceramic transducer array 132 are also all wanted initialization, because voice signal arrives the asynchronism(-nization) of each piezoceramic transducer in the piezoceramic transducer array 132, the energy difference, so speech simulation signal difference of any piezoceramic transducer, so it is also different to arrive the voice signal electrical signal converted of each piezoceramic transducer in the piezoceramic transducer array 132, so in the time of initialized, all piezoceramic transducers (comprising piezoceramic transducer 111) are all wanted initialization.

Alarm module 14 is electrical connected with DSP12, is used for the signal that gives the alarm when the amplitude variable of detected electric signal is inequality with the reference amplitude variable, and the plane projection position of the abnormal vibration point of demonstration Turbo-generator Set Vibration when being in unstable state.Alarm module 14 can comprise a hummer 141 and charactron 142, and hummer 141 is used for the signal that gives the alarm when the amplitude variable of detected electric signal and reference amplitude variable are inequality; Hummer 141 can adopt piezo buzzer, piezo buzzer is a kind of electro-acoustic transducing device, piezoelectric is sticked on the sheet metal, after piezoelectric and sheet metal two ends are applied with a voltage, because piezoelectric effect, the buzzing sheet will produce mechanically deform and send the sound.Charactron 142 is used for showing the plane projection position of the abnormal vibration point when Turbo-generator Set Vibration is in unstable state, and the coordinate of the plane projection of the abnormal vibration point when for example Alternation Display is in unstable state shows the plane projection position of the abnormal vibration point when Turbo-generator Set Vibration is in unstable state.Thus, can realize the location of the abnormal vibration point when Turbo-generator Set Vibration is in unstable state, for the technician provides foundation to troubleshooting of faults.

Referring to accompanying drawing 2, the method of work of Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system is: at first, the piezoceramic transducer 111(of initialization frequency spectrum detection module 11 is piezoceramic transducer 4 as shown in FIG., hereinafter to be referred as piezoceramic transducer 4) and piezoceramic transducer array 132 in all piezoceramic transducers (be example with 3 piezoceramic transducers, piezoceramic transducer 1, piezoceramic transducer 2 and piezoceramic transducer 3 as shown in Figure 3), obtain the signal initial value of corresponding piezoceramic transducer.

The timer per minute of DSP12 sends control signal to piezoceramic transducer 4, controls it and detects the voice signal that Turbo-generator Set Vibration is sent, and is sent among the DSP12 through becoming electric signal after transforming.DSP12 carries out Fourier transform with the electric signal that receives and converts third harmonic to, and its conversion is synthesized frequency-region signal.The amplitude variable of the frequency-region signal of DSP12, do contrast (working value that is about to piezoceramic transducer 4 is done contrast with the signal initial value of piezoceramic transducer 4) with the reference amplitude variable that originally recorded under the Turbo-generator Set Vibration normal operation, if identically then continue this circulation (i.e. continuation is controlled the voice signal that 4 pairs of Turbo-generator Set Vibration of piezoceramic transducer send and detected); If inequality, DSP12 sends trigger pip, and the piezo buzzer that triggers alarm module 14 sends the buzzing chimes of doom; Send enable signal simultaneously, make auditory localization module 13 in running order.

The temperature sensor 131 of auditory localization module 13 is noted the environment temperature when the amplitude variable of detected electric signal and reference amplitude variable are inequality, adopts look-up table to draw the velocity of sound by DSP12; Simultaneously, piezoceramic transducer 1,2,3 records improper voice signal respectively and arrives the time of self, and the value of the improper signal that piezoceramic transducer 1,2,3 obtains draws the plane projection position that vibration is in astable abnormity point with separately signal initial value contrast with this moment.

Referring to accompanying drawing 3, three-dimensional abnormal vibration spot projection when being in unstable state on two dimensional surface, calculate abnormal vibration point when being in unstable state with two-dimentional algorithm then, what draw is a planar coordinate, and the abnormal vibration point when being in unstable state is just on the vertical line at this place.

Be example with 3 piezoceramic transducers, piezoceramic transducer 1, piezoceramic transducer 2 and piezoceramic transducer 3 as shown in FIG., suppose that piezoceramic transducer 1 position is that A point (being true origin), piezoceramic transducer 2 positions are that B point and piezoceramic transducer 3 positions are the C point, 3 piezoceramic transducers are arranged to isosceles right triangle pattern (being AC=AB), the S point is the three-dimensional projection of abnormal vibration point on two dimensional surface when being in unstable state, and the angle of S point and coordinate axis x is θ.

Can get relational expression according to the triangle cosine law:

SC ²=SA ²+AC ²-2·SA·AC·COS(90-θ) （1）

SB ²=SA ²+AB ²-2·SA·AB·COSθ （2）

Suppose that the velocity of sound in the current environment that obtains by temperature sensor 131 of the present utility model is ν, and the delay inequality of the voice signal that sends of the Turbo-generator Set Vibration that receives of piezoceramic transducer 1 and piezoceramic transducer 2 is τ _AB, the delay inequality of the voice signal that the Turbo-generator Set Vibration that piezoceramic transducer 1 and piezoceramic transducer 3 receive is sent is τ _AC, then the pass of SA, SB, SC is:

SC=SA+ν·τ _AC （3）

SB=SA+ν·τ _AB （4）

The deflection of leakage point S is:

$\sin \mathrm{\θ}=\frac{{\mathrm{SA}}^2+1-{(\mathrm{SA}+\mathrm{\ν}\·{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{AC}})}^2}{2*\mathrm{SA}}---\left(5\right)$

$\cos \mathrm{\θ}=\frac{{\mathrm{SA}}^2+1-{(\mathrm{SA}+\mathrm{\ν}\·{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{AB}})}^2}{2*\mathrm{SA}}---\left(6\right)$

In conjunction with formula (1), (2), (3), (4), utilize universal formula then, list d respectively, e, f(d, e, f are respectively the coefficients of quadratic equation with one unknown), calculate SA then, recycling formula (5), (6) draw the x that S is ordered, the y value.Concrete formula is as follows: wherein the Longtriangle representative is long, and the Trianglewidth representative is wide.

d=4*pow((Longtriangle)*(Trianglewidth),2)-4*pow(v*Longtriangle*(timeC-timeA),2)-4*pow(Trianglewidth*v*(timeB-timeA),2);

e=-4*(pow(Longtriangle,2)*pow(v*(timeC-timeA),3)-pow(Longtriangl e*Trianglewidth,2)*v*(timeC-timeA)+pow(Trianglewidth,2)*pow(v*(timeB-timeA),3)-pow(Longtriangle*Trianglewidth,2)*v*(timeB-timeA));

f=-(pow(Longtriangle,2)*pow(v*(timeC-timeA),4)-2*pow(Longtriangl e*Trianglewidth*v,2)*(pow((timeC-timeA),2)+pow((timeB-timeA),2))+pow(Longtriangle,2)*pow(Trianglewidth,4)+pow(Longtriangle,4)*pow(Triang lewidth,2)+pow(Trianglewidth,2)*pow(v*(timeB-timeA),4));

sa=(e-pow((e*e-4*d*f),0.5))/(-2*d);

x=(sa*sa+Longtriangle*Longtriangle-(sa+v*(timeB-timeA))*(sa+v*(t imeB-timeA)))/(Longtriangle*2);

y=(sa*sa+Trianglewidth*Trianglewidth-(sa+v*(timeC-timeA))*(sa+v*(timeC-timeA)))/(Trianglewidth*2);

The x of the abnormal vibration point planar coordinate when being in unstable state by the charactron Alternation Display, the y coordinate figure, the abnormal vibration point that hence one can see that when being in unstable state is at S(x, y) on the vertical line at place.

The user can be both accurate by the utility model, record rapidly again Turbo-generator Set Vibration be in unstable state the time the position of abnormal vibration point, the accuracy of detection height, applied widely; Simple to operate, detect with the location and all finish by DSP, low for operator's technical requirement; Device structure is simple, and is cheap.

It below only is preferred implementation of the present utility model; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system, comprise Turbo-generator Set, the frequency spectrum detection module, DSP, the auditory localization module, it is characterized in that: described frequency spectrum detection module comprises a piezoceramic transducer, described piezoceramic transducer is installed on the Turbo-generator Set, described auditory localization module comprises a temperature sensor and piezoceramic transducer array, described piezoceramic transducer array distribution is arranged on the diverse location of described Turbo-generator Set, described DSP respectively with described piezoceramic transducer, the auditory localization module is electrical connected, described DSP controls described frequency spectrum detection module and by described piezoceramic transducer the sound of Turbo-generator Set is monitored, when the sound of Turbo-generator Set is led often, described auditory localization module was determined the vibration position of the Turbo-generator Set of pine by described temperature sensor and described piezoceramic transducer array.

2. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detection system also comprises an alarm module, described alarm module comprises a hummer and a digital display tube, when described piezoceramic transducer monitors the cacophonia of vibration of Turbo-generator Set, described buzzer warning, described digital display tube shows the position perspective view of Turbo-generator Set Vibration.

3. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described hummer is piezo buzzer.

4. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DSP comprises a timer, described DSP regularly sends control signal to described frequency spectrum detection module according to the timing time of timer, controls described piezoceramic transducer and detects the voice signal that Turbo-generator Set is sent.

5. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described piezoceramic transducer array comprises at least 3 piezoceramic transducers.

6. Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described piezoceramic transducer array employing equilateral triangle structure.

7. according to each described Turbo-generator Set Vibration detection system in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the piezoceramic transducer in the piezoceramic transducer in the described frequency spectrum detection module and the described piezoceramic transducer array all adopts the water proof type ultrasonic sensor.

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