CN201066706Y - Energy balance lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents

Energy balance lead-acid storage battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201066706Y
CN201066706Y CNU2007201098905U CN200720109890U CN201066706Y CN 201066706 Y CN201066706 Y CN 201066706Y CN U2007201098905 U CNU2007201098905 U CN U2007201098905U CN 200720109890 U CN200720109890 U CN 200720109890U CN 201066706 Y CN201066706 Y CN 201066706Y
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
storage battery
voltage
battery
balance
charging
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Expired - Lifetime
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CNU2007201098905U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林子进
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Hi-Coating Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Taizhou Zhengfangwei Electronic Co ltd
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Application filed by Taizhou Zhengfangwei Electronic Co ltd filed Critical Taizhou Zhengfangwei Electronic Co ltd
Priority to CNU2007201098905U priority Critical patent/CN201066706Y/en
Priority to PCT/CN2008/001032 priority patent/WO2008145017A1/en
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Publication of CN201066706Y publication Critical patent/CN201066706Y/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0044—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An energy balance accumulator is composed of two or more than two single accumulators connected in series, a balance rod between the polar plates of each accumulator and composed of positive pole of accumulator and negative pole of balance rod, and a shunt regulator with resistance value of 0.01-2 omega, reference voltage value of 2.20-2.40V, reference voltage temp variation value less than 120 ppm/deg.C and forward leakage current less than 50uA. The utility model discloses simple structure, low in manufacturing cost can be with energy distribution between each monomer battery even, effectively solves the problem that the monomer falls behind.

Description

Energy balance lead-acid storage battery
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of lead acid battery, especially, relate to a can avoid overcharging, the lead acid battery of undercharging.
Background
The lead-acid storage battery has stable discharge working voltage, can discharge with low current and large current, has wide working temperature range, can work in the range of minus 40 ℃ to 65 ℃, has mature technology, low cost and good output characteristic following load, and becomes an important product with wider use.
However, the existing lead-acid storage battery has the obvious defects of large mass, low mass specific energy and short cycle service life. The service life of the lead-acid storage battery depends on the charging current and the charging time, and the service life of the lead-acid storage battery is in direct proportion to the discharging depth of the storage battery, namely, the service life of the lead-acid storage battery is shortened as the charging current is larger and the discharging depth is deeper. The storage batteries are easy to age too early and have short service life due to the overcharge and the undercharge of the storage batteries and the energy imbalance among the storage batteries. The temperature can be rapidly raised due to monomer unbalance, thermal runaway can be caused, a battery case bulges and deforms, electrolyte sulfuric acid overflows from the sealing position of the battery, the battery is dehydrated due to overcharge of the battery, and capacity reduction is inevitably caused due to insufficient supply of raw materials required by dehydration in chemical reaction inside the battery.
In order to solve the problem of unbalanced single bodies, research institutions at home and abroad and battery enterprises are dedicated to searching and researching corresponding technologies. Chinese utility model patent CN2154538Y "combination formula can be filled alkaline zinc-manganese cell", but parallelly connected a shunt control circuit that can automatic break-make between every can be filled alkaline zinc-manganese cell, this shunt control circuit comprises two diodes and a resistance, the voltage limiting is done to the diode, the current-limiting is done to the resistance, this technical scheme only is applicable to alkaline zinc-manganese cell and shunts with the silicon diode, the operating voltage scope is bigger, operating voltage rises along with the increase of electric current, the voltage drift of conducting along with the rise of temperature is also bigger, forward leakage current is great (milliampere level), can only install in charger circuit, when combining with the battery, the heavy current leaks and to obviously shorten battery storage life.
Lonnie g.johnson, smyma, 1997, usa; yong Su, atlanta, both of Ga, the invention of "rechargeable battery power overcharge protection circuit" (US 5982144), adopt the shunt integration as the core to do the constant value voltage stabilization charging protection, adopt the integrated voltage stabilizing circuit to carry out the timing charging, when charging with the same voltage, the time required for each single storage battery to be fully charged is different, but when charging with the same time and the same voltage, because there is a certain error in the performance itself among each single in the storage battery, the overcharging and undercharging of the error nature can be produced. In addition, the existing detection circuit judges whether the storage battery is fully charged according to the magnitude of the charging current, constant-value voltage stabilization is adopted in the scheme, and the saturation of the battery cannot be detected.
The invention patent CN1592997A (3/9 2005) of China's invention relates to a storage battery charging system applied by the American zinc matrix power company, which is an improvement on the basis of US5982144, but the core principle is the same as that of the US5982144, and the shunt integration is used as the core for constant-value voltage-stabilizing charging protection, so that the problems of over-charging and under-charging with errors are not overcome.
The inventor proposes CN2896539 'energy balance storage battery' and CN1767246 'energy balance storage battery balance bar', CN1889298 "energy balance battery balance bar", in order to overcome the over-charge and under-charge of single storage battery to ensure the energy balance among the single batteries, the two ends of each single storage battery are connected in parallel with a balance bar which is a voltage-limiting shunt circuit, so that the performance of the single storage battery is improved to a certain extent, but the defect of insufficient capacity improvement of the lead-acid storage battery still exists.
In view of the above, there is a need to find a solution that can effectively protect a lead-acid battery from under-charging and over-charging, so as to reflect the overall capacity of the lead-acid battery and prolong the service cycle life of the lead-acid battery.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a fully promote the performance of lead acid battery capacity, improve life's energy balance lead acid battery.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:
an energy balance storage battery is composed of two or more single storage batteries connected in series, a balance bar is arranged between polar plates of each single storage battery, the positive electrode of each single storage battery is connected with the positive electrode of the balance bar, the negative electrode of each single storage battery is connected with the negative electrode of the balance bar, the forward voltage drop of the balance bar is larger than the actual maximum voltage of each single storage battery and smaller than the charging voltage of each single storage battery, and the energy balance storage battery is characterized in that the balance bar is composed of a resistor R and a shunt voltage stabilizer, the resistance value of the resistor is 0.01 omega-2 omega, the reference voltage value of the shunt voltage stabilizer is 2.20V-2.40V, the reference voltage temperature variation value is smaller than 120 ppm/DEG C, and the forward leakage current is smaller than 50uA.
The resistance of resistance can be adjusted according to the capacity size of battery, and the resistance of lower resistance is selected to the bigger battery capacity, the utility model discloses the operating current size of balanced stick is decided according to lead acid battery's capacity size and usage.
The utility model discloses the theory of operation does:
assuming that one of the single storage batteries lags 5% and the normal working current of the balancing bar is 50mA, when the 1A constant current is used for charging, the current passing through the rest single storage batteries is 0.95A, and the current passing through the balancing bar connected in parallel with the two ends of the balancing bar is 0.05A; the current passing through the lagging single storage battery is 1A, and the current passing through the two ends of the lagging single storage battery in parallel is less than 50 muA. In the charging process, the current passing through the single storage batteries is changed continuously, and the current magnitude of the balance rods connected in parallel with the two ends of the single storage batteries is changed accordingly, so that the ionization uniformity of each single storage battery is ensured, and the difference of each single storage battery is promoted to tend to balance.
The utility model discloses an energy balance battery has the even performance of energy distribution, can effectively balance the monomer and fall behind, makes every monomer all can normally work, and the influence of capacity tolerance is very little to whole between monomer battery voltage deviation, depth of discharge and monomer.
The problem of overcharging caused by unbalanced monomers is also solved by the energy balance storage battery, the monomer falls behind little when the storage battery leaves a factory, the storage battery is discharged every time, the energy balance storage battery repair and recovery of the utility model are carried out when charging, and the charging voltage distribution is relatively uniform; charging voltage is the definite value, if 12V lead acid battery comprises 6 monomers, the float charging voltage is 14.4V, each unit voltage is 2.4V, solution in the battery has lead sulfate, sulphuric acid and water, after the complete ionization of lead sulfate in the solution, each monomer leaks current and is the definite value, to the voltage of balance bar definite value, the electric current is the definite value too, current charger is mostly whether full of with the size control battery of monitoring current, so the utility model discloses energy balance battery is not influenced to detection circuitry, the saturation of accessible detection battery avoids overcharging or undercharging, the life of storage battery also will prolong.
The utility model discloses the beneficial effect of battery that compares prior art still lies in its low in production cost, the utility model discloses the price of battery as a 20Ah lead acid battery balancing bar is about RMB 0.7 yuan, and the battery that adopts circuit settings such as preventing overcharging among the prior art will exceed 2 times.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy balance storage battery of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balancing bar of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the energy balance battery mounting structure of the present invention, wherein the balance bar is disposed in the battery;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of another mounting structure of the energy balance storage battery, wherein the balance bar is arranged outside the storage battery.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention, together with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, serve to provide a clear understanding of the present invention.
The energy balance bar shown in fig. 1 is composed of a resistor R and a shunt regulator IC, wherein the resistance value of R is 0.01 Ω -2 Ω, and the reference voltage value of the shunt regulator IC is in the range of 2.20V-2.40V.
The energy balance storage battery shown in fig. 2 is composed of three single storage batteries A, B, C which are connected in series, a balance rod is arranged between polar plates 4 of each single storage battery, the positive electrodes of the single storage batteries A, B, C are respectively connected with the positive electrodes of balance rods 1, 2 and 3, and the negative electrodes of the single storage batteries A, B, C are respectively connected with the negative electrodes 1, 2 and 3 of the balance rods.
Three single batteries A, B, C, pole plate 4, separator 5, cell 6 and electrolyte 7 are contained in the housing in upper cover 8, with balance bars 1, 2 and 3 inside the battery in fig. 3, separated from electrolyte 7 by separator 5, and balance bars 1, 2 and 3 outside the battery in fig. 4.
The balance bars 1, 2 and 3 are formed by connecting a resistor R and an IC shunt voltage stabilizer 8 in series, the resistance value of the resistor R is below 2 omega, the resistor R can be a metal film resistor, and the resistance value can be: 100mA-1 omega, 133 mA-0.75 omega, 200mA-0.5 omega, 300mA-0.33 omega, and so on. At the moment of switching on the power supply, the peak-peak value of the positive or negative half cycle of the power supply can generate large instantaneous current, and the current-limiting resistor R can ensure the safety of the circuit.
The voltage stabilizing value of the shunt voltage stabilizer 8 is 2.20V-2.40V, the temperature variation value of the reference voltage is less than 120 ppm/DEG C, and the forward leakage current is less than 50uA. The working current is determined according to the capacity and the application of the lead-acid storage battery.
The circuit diagram of the shunt regulator 8 can be as shown in fig. 3, but is not limited thereto, as long as the regulated voltage is between 2.20V and 2.40V, the temperature variation of the reference voltage is less than 120 ppm/deg.c, and the forward leakage current is less than 50uA. Since those skilled in the art of circuit design can design various shunt voltage regulator circuits according to the above parameters, they are not illustrated here.
The working process of the accumulator is reanalyzed from the embodiment
The storage battery pack comprises a single storage battery A, a single storage battery B and a single storage battery C, the resistor and the shunt voltage stabilizer 1 are connected in parallel with the single storage battery A, the resistor and the shunt voltage stabilizer 2 are connected in parallel with the single storage battery B, and the resistor 3 and the shunt voltage stabilizer 3 are connected in parallel with the single storage battery C. Assuming that lead sulfate is generated through the first discharge reaction, the lead ions A, B and C in each lead sulfate monomer are 1000, 980 and 1000, and the concentration of sulfuric acid is the same, the monomer lag is 2%.
In the first charging, A, C has higher lead sulfate concentration and smaller internal resistance, and B has lower lead sulfate concentration and larger internal resistance; when energized, the voltage drops across them are different for the same current, i.e. U A ＝U C ＜U B At this time, the current of the balance bar 2 connected in parallel with the single storage battery B is suddenly changed, the lead-acid storage battery has the charge voltage U of more than or equal to 2.4V and the charge current I of more than or equal to 15% 2 The initial charging voltage U of each cell is more than or equal to 2.3V, the voltage is in direct proportion to the charging current, and at the moment, U is B ＞U A ＝U C Since the balance bars 1, 2 and 3 are connected in parallel on ABC, U is connected in parallel A ＝U 1 、U B ＝U 2 、U C ＝U 3 I.e. U 2 ＞U 1 ＝U 3 。
When the reference voltage stabilization value of the shunt regulator is 2.30V and the single charging voltage is 2.40V when the current limiting resistor R of the balance bar is assumed to be 0.5 omega, and the U value is equal to the reference voltage stabilization value of the shunt regulator 2 -U 1 ＝0.01V， I 2 - I 1 = 0.01 V 0.5 Ω = 20 mA , Electric current
I General assembly ＝I A +I 1 ＝I B +I 2 ＝I C +I 3 That I A -I B =20mA; if U is present 2 -U 1 When =0.02V, I 2 - I 1 =0.02V/0.5 Ω =40mA, that I A -I B =40mA; we refer to FIG. 1The current of the balance bar changes depending on the voltage at two ends of the balance bar, and the voltage at the point a is stable, so the voltage at two ends of the balance bar changes, and the current of the balance bar changes accordingly; from the energy formula, Q = It is again shown, that is, the size of the battery capacity depends on how much energy Q is stored, and the size of energy Q depends on the product of the size of current I and the length of time t, so that the battery cell lag must be controlled by the size of current.
It can be seen from the above derivation that the maximum voltage of the storage battery is 2.18V, the minimum voltage of the charging voltage is 2.40V, the reference voltage stabilization value of the shunt voltage stabilizer adopted by the invention is in the range of 2.20V-2.40V, the reference voltage temperature variation value is less than 120 ppm/DEG C, through experimental detection, the operation stability of the shunt voltage stabilizer integrated circuit is high at different temperatures, and when the forward leakage current is less than 50uA, the balancing bar hardly becomes a load when the storage battery does not operate. Therefore, the balance bar can repair the monomer behind as before, and the balance bar can completely ionize the lead sulfate in each monomer in the same time and perform long-term tracking control.
Capacity fade and life test:
testing the battery: 9 6-DZM-10 valve-controlled lead-acid storage batteries produced in the same batch are divided into two groups, wherein the balance rod is not added in the first group, and 9 batteries are added in the first group; the second group is 9 energy balance storage batteries of the invention.
An experimental instrument: 3 digital desk type universal meters (MS 8050), 1 digital thermometer & temperature data collector (1502A type thermal Resistor (RTD)) 1, 1 LQY-1 type vibration cylinder barometer, 1 set of 300mm digital vernier caliper, 1 set of intelligent lead-acid storage battery charging and discharging controller and 1 set of XRL-storage battery capacity tester; the resolution and precision of all the instruments meet the requirements of the test method of the standard GB/T19639.1-2005 'technical conditions of small valve-controlled sealed lead-acid batteries'.
The experimental method comprises the following steps: GB/T19639.1-2005 technical Condition of small valve-controlled sealed lead-acid battery
And (4) carrying out a cycle test on 18 lead-acid storage batteries, and carrying out a capacity test firstly.
The test results were as follows: the capacity of the first group 9 is 10Ah, and the capacity of the second group 9 is 10.5Ah; carrying out a cycle test according to a GB/T19639.1-2005 life test method;
after a four month and half time test; the first group has 6 service lives of 400 times, 2 times of 480 times and 1 time of 600 times;
in the second group, 9, no capacity fade was observed after 600 cycles.
The comparative experiment proves that the capacity of the invention is 5% higher than that of the invention without the use, and the service life is improved by 5 times.
The service life of the existing storage battery is short because if the single battery falls behind U during charging B -U A、C When =0.08V, the float voltage is 14.4v A、C ＝2.36V，U B =2.44V, if it is standard that each cell voltage is 2.4V, that U A、C If 2.36V, an underfill, U is formed B Over-charging occurs when 2.44V, and if AB is not wanted, the cell battery B is over-charged more and therefore the battery will end up in a short life.
The energy balance storage battery ensures the ionization uniformity of each single storage battery through the balance of the shunt voltage stabilizer and the low-resistance resistor in the charging process, so that the difference of each single storage battery tends to be balanced.
The charging process of the storage battery is divided into three stages, wherein the first stage is constant current charging, the second stage is voltage stabilization charging, and the third stage is a state of stopping charging or charging dormancy; during the first stage of constant current charging, the balance bars start to work, the working voltage values of the balance bars in the same storage battery are basically the same, the error is within 0.01V, when the single bodies in the storage battery are unbalanced, the charging voltage values of the single bodies are different, namely the current passing through the balance bars are also different, and therefore the backward single bodies are balanced; the second stage and the first stage, the balancing rod works until the batteries are balanced; and entering a third stage, if the charger is charged finally, the balancing bar stops working because the forward voltage drop of the balancing bar is greater than the actual highest voltage of the single storage battery and less than the charging voltage of the single storage battery, and if the charger enters a dormant state, the balancing bar continues working.

Claims (1)

1. An energy balance accumulator is composed of two or more single accumulators connected in series, a balance rod is installed between polar plates of each single accumulator, the positive pole of each single accumulator is connected with the positive pole of the balance rod, the negative pole of each single accumulator is connected with the negative pole of the balance rod, the positive voltage drop of the balance rod is greater than the actual maximum voltage of each single accumulator and less than the charging voltage of each single accumulator, the energy balance accumulator is characterized in that the balance rod is composed of a resistor R and a shunt voltage stabilizer, the resistance value of the resistor is 0.01-2 omega, the reference voltage value of the shunt voltage stabilizer is 2.20-2.40V, the temperature variation value of the reference voltage is less than 120 ppm/DEG C, and the positive leakage current is less than 50uA.
CNU2007201098905U 2007-05-27 2007-05-27 Energy balance lead-acid storage battery Expired - Lifetime CN201066706Y (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU2007201098905U CN201066706Y (en) 2007-05-27 2007-05-27 Energy balance lead-acid storage battery
PCT/CN2008/001032 WO2008145017A1 (en) 2007-05-27 2008-05-27 An energy balance lead storage battery

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU2007201098905U CN201066706Y (en) 2007-05-27 2007-05-27 Energy balance lead-acid storage battery

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011134234A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-11-03 浙江绿源电动车有限公司 Battery device and battery accommodating device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3072504A1 (en) * 2017-10-17 2019-04-19 Blue Solutions ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATED LEAK RESISTANCE AND MODULE INCORPORATING A PLURALITY OF SUCH ELEMENTS
FR3072503A1 (en) * 2017-10-17 2019-04-19 Blue Solutions ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE MODULE WITH INTEGRATED LEAK RESISTANCE

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JPH06176796A (en) * 1992-12-02 1994-06-24 N T T Data Tsushin Kk Charge type battery discharger
CN2154538Y (en) * 1993-02-20 1994-01-26 广州电池厂 Combined chargeable alkaline zinc-manganese cell
US5982144A (en) * 1997-07-14 1999-11-09 Johnson Research & Development Company, Inc. Rechargeable battery power supply overcharge protection circuit
CN2508409Y (en) * 2001-09-10 2002-08-28 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 Lead-acid battery
JP2003289629A (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Voltage equalizer in capacitor and power storage system equipped with the device
CN100358212C (en) * 2005-04-05 2007-12-26 苏州星恒电源有限公司 Battery equalization method and battery equalization circuit
CN1767246A (en) * 2005-10-04 2006-05-03 林子进 Energy balance accumulator
CN1889298A (en) * 2006-07-24 2007-01-03 林子进 Energy balanced accumulator balancing bar
CN101145606A (en) * 2007-08-18 2008-03-19 台州正方位电子有限公司 Energy balance lead-acid storage battery

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011134234A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-11-03 浙江绿源电动车有限公司 Battery device and battery accommodating device

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Address before: 317604, Zhejiang, Yuhuan County Province, Hong Kong Town, Chen Yu Taiwan trade processing zone

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