CN201021116Y

CN201021116Y - Low-temperature deep cooling hybrid power pneumatic automobile

Info

Publication number: CN201021116Y
Application number: CNU2007200934789U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖英佳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-03-30
Filing date: 2007-03-30
Publication date: 2008-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2017-03-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cryogenic hybrid power pneumatic vehicle. The vehicle makes the electrical energy converter into the liquid nitrogen-cryogenic energy as the vehicle postcombustion, at the same time, the battery of the vehicle is charged as the energy source-power source, and the cryogenic hybrid power pneumatic vehicle is composed of a chassis, a vehicle body, wheels, machines, circuits, taking a liquid nitrogen engine and a motor as the power source, and are respectively connected electronically, electrically, hotly and mechanistically through a power combiner. The vehicle makes the energy source converted into the kinetic energy of the vehicle body through manual control high efficiency, and is a novel road transportation vehicle for realizing the cleanliness, the environmental protection, as well as the security and the energy saving.

Description

Low-temperature deep hybrid power Pneumatic automobile

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of hybrid power road transporting tool.

Background technology

Oil, coal are disposable non-renewable fossil energies, and forming it will be through the time in several thousand, more than one hundred million years.In nearly twoth century, the mankind large-scale develop and utilize oil, the development internal-combustion engines vehicle, make the mankind enter industrialization, modernized society, simultaneously also produced the lack of energy and the environmental pollution of global concern, human society has been paid huge cost for this reason, has influenced social development.Therefore the environmental and ecological electronlmobil of the regenerative resource of exploitation cleaning has become the common recognition of human society.At present owing to the exploitation electronlmobil also exists technical risk height, manufacturing cost height, continual mileage weak point, do not meet the electrical motor (driving engine) and the battery (energy source) of electric vehicle engineering performance, so develop the urgent problem that has become human society with the new type low temperature deep cooling hybrid power Pneumatic automobile of electric energy support.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of low-temperature deep hybrid power Pneumatic automobile.This low-temperature deep hybrid power Pneumatic automobile (hybrid power railcar) is that to convert liquid nitrogen (low temperature cold) respectively to electric energy be this car postcombustion, be energy source (energy) for this car battery charge simultaneously, is propulsion source with liquid nitrogen engine (cold expansion engine, cold air driving engine) with motor (motor/generator), by power combiner (sun and planet gear), by the manual control high efficiency energy source being changed into the kinetic energy of vehicle body, is to realize cleaning, environmental protection, safe, energy-conservation new road transportation means.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1, the technical scheme that its technical matters that solves the utility model adopts is: by cold expansion engine 1, low speed evaporator 2, high speed evaporator 3, power-transfer clutch 4, shaft brake 5, liquid nitrogen storage tank 6 passes through pipeline, machinery fuses respectively and forms liquid nitrogen engine (cold air actuating device) and motor 8, motor shaft drg 10, electronic controller 9, battery pack 11 passes through circuit, machinery fuses and forms the power electronics actuating device, again through power combiner 7, diff, semiaxis, wheel fuses by machinery (axle), form the vehicle body Power Drive Unit, by each part mentioned above respectively by machinery, circuit, pipeline, beam warp is crossed mechanical attachment, electronics connects, electric power connects, heat connects formation low-temperature deep hybrid power Pneumatic automobile.

According to said apparatus, at first make the cold fluid liquid nitrogen absorb hot fluid air liberated heat and by re-heat near the temperature of atmosphere, be that hot fluid is emitted heat, cold fluid absorbs heat, the hot fluid liberated heat should equal the energy that it reduces, the cold fluid absorbed heat should equal the energy that it increases, and the increase of cold fluid energy should equal the minimizing of hot fluid energy, does not have the exchange of merit amount between them.Promptly by liquid nitrogen boiling point 77.36k re-heat to temperature 288k near atmosphere, promptly the kinetic energy of the high more nitrogen molecule of temperature is big more, the potential energy of nitrogen molecule is also just big more, the kinetic energy of the low more nitrogen molecule of temperature is also just more little.Nitrogen pressure is elevated to 10.1Mpa by 0.101Mpa simultaneously, be that the nitrogen unit volume enlarges 646 times when reaching liquid state rapidly, be that the volume of nitrogen is represented in the nitrogen size of potential energy between the molecule, distance is big more between the big more molecule of volume, and the potential energy of nitrogen molecule is also just big more.Pressure height, the little intermolecular distance of volume are little when nitrogen (Working medium gas) enters expansion engine (cold air driving engine), when taking turns the runner of definite shape by the expansion engine rotary work, according to air-flow moment of momentum Changing Pattern, moment of momentum changes, consume the interior energy of nitrogen itself, the nitrogen enthalpy is reduced in the expansion engine and expands and the acting output mechanical power.

According to said apparatus, by manual control with direct supply (battery) power, the commutation circuit of self timing formula of forming through position transduser, inverter, controller or autocontrol frequency variable synchronous circuit and logical power switch formation; Position signal by position transduser detection rotor magnetic pole, controller carries out sieve to rotor-position signal and collects processing, produce corresponding on-off signal, on-off signal is distributed to each phase winding of motor body stator armature with certain logical relation, makes motor input AC square wave current (rectangular wave pulse) produce the Distribution of Magnetic Field of trapezoidal wave and the induced electric motive force of trapezoidal wave in motor.Adopt discrete rotor-position feedback signal control commutation simultaneously, need not coordinate transform, field magnetomotive force and the rotor field magneto motive force in the rotor that the motor stator armature loop is produced remain (X/2) rad electric angle in the space, produce armature torque output mechanical power.

According to said apparatus, for the series, parallel of realizing vehicle or the multiple mixing driving model of series-parallel connection and combined type, must carry out mechanical attachment between liquid nitrogen engine and the motor and between the diff, semiaxis, wheel, connecting device is power combiner-sun and planet gear.Wherein, center gear links to each other with the liquid nitrogen engine axle, and gear ring links to each other with motor shaft, and pinion carrier is connected to form hybrid drive by diff and semiaxis, wheel.Actuating device is combined into one series connection and combination drive in parallel, and the artificial adjusting control of warp can realize being parallel to the conversion of tandem drive, promptly by liquid nitrogen engine independent drive or motor independent drive, and liquid nitrogen engine and motor combination drive.Characteristics when when combination drive, having driving in parallel and tandem drive, be that liquid nitrogen engine can work alone in minimum gas consumption district, owing to adopted sun and planet gear, when damper (control cock) standard-sized sheet vehicle gives it the gun, liquid nitrogen engine and motor are worked simultaneously provides the vehicle required drive, vehicle is when constant-speed driving, liquid nitrogen engine works in minimum gas consumption state, motor is also worked simultaneously and is slowed down by sun and planet gear, this moment, liquid nitrogen engine provided minimum torque and minimum power, and the required power of vehicle is provided by motor.

Be controlled at realization liquid nitrogen and power consumption maintenance minimum under the assurance normal vehicle operation by manual shift.For operating condition method circulation driving mode repeatedly, energy content of battery level is identical when finishing with the circulation beginning.To torque with to turn to (or reversing) be to realize by the control motor, the energy that battery offers motor is used for the acceleration and the constant speed method operating mode of vehicle and travels.

During regenerative brake, by cut-off clutch braking center gear, the degree of freedom of sun and planet gear reduces to one, and machine operation is in generator mode, and braking energy is converted into electric energy and charges the battery.Vehicle has only engine operation when road running, motor cuts out, and the gear ring of sun and planet gear is locked, and the degree of freedom of sun and planet gear reduces to one.

Beneficial effect

The hybrid power railcar has low temperature green fuel, safety, environmental protection, energy-conservation, efficient, only discharges pure harmless nitrogen, no used heat.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment 1 structure principle chart.

Fig. 2 is the utility model cold expansion engine 1 structure principle chart.

Fig. 3 is the utility model high speed evaporator 3 structure principle charts.

Fig. 4 is the utility model high speed evaporator 3, A point partial enlarged drawing.

Fig. 5 is the utility model liquid nitrogen storage tank 6 structure principle charts.

Fig. 6 is the utility model motor 8 structure principle charts.

Fig. 7 is the utility model electronic controller 9 schematic circuit diagram.

Fig. 8 is the utility model power combiner 7 structure principle charts.

The specific embodiment

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 2, cold expansion engine 1 is interlaced with each other by two projections in shell, a right-hand revolution, and another anticlockwise direction rotor rotated is formed double rotor type positive displacement cold air expansion engine, and shell has a nitrogen inlet, a nitrogen outlet.

In Fig. 1, low speed evaporator 2 is the general gas-gas-heat exchanger of shell and tube.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 3, high speed evaporator 3 is made up of waste gas (nitrogen) turbocharger and shell and tube gas-gas-heat exchanger, by pipeline centrifugal supercharging blower air discharge port and shell and tube gas-gas-heat exchanger air intlet is fused.

Fig. 4 is the bellows partial enlarged drawing that installs in shell and tube gas-gas-heat exchanger in the high speed evaporator 3.

In Fig. 1, power-transfer clutch 4 is the general power-transfer clutch of electronlmobil.

In Fig. 1, shaft brake 5 is an electronlmobil common shaft drg.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 5, liquid nitrogen storage tank 6 is by horizontal cylindrical housing, the two ends hemispherical head, and the middle part is imported and exported with vertical cylinder shape opening flat-top and is linked to each other; The cylindrical shape inner bag, the two ends hemispherical head, the middle part is imported and exported with vertical cylinder shape opening flat-top and is linked to each other; Be multilayer heat insulation body pumping high vacuum state between shell and the inner bag, it is resin-sealed by thermal insulation to import and export the top between shell and the inner bag, and the movable adiabatic resin top cover of top circular has feed tube, freeing pipe.The bottom links to each other with the import of low temperature liquid nitrogen plunger pump by insulated piping.

By pipeline the low temperature liquid nitrogen plunger pump is exported and the low speed evaporator, low speed evaporator outlet and high speed evaporator nitrogen inlet, the high speed evaporator nitrogen outlet fuses respectively through control cock and cold expansion engine nitrogen inlet; By axle with cold expander power mouth and power-transfer clutch power intake, power-transfer clutch clutch end and shaft brake power intake, shaft brake clutch end and power combiner pneumatic power input end fuse respectively; By pipeline cold expansion engine nitrogen outlet and high speed evaporator centrifugal supercharging blower nitrogen inlet are fused, fuse respectively by pipeline, machinery (axle) by each part mentioned above and form liquid nitrogen engine (cold air actuating device).

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 6, motor 8 is formed permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine (motor/generator) by stator armature, p-m rotor by motor body and electronic commutation switch circuit that shell, axle, position transduser constitute, wherein motor body is made of permanent magnet rotor and a heterogeneous stator armature winding of certain magnetic pole logarithm, rotor is that the permanent magnet with tile is attached to rotor outer surface, or permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor core.Have teeth groove on the stator, the teeth groove number is the integral multiple of the rotor number of poles and the number of phases, the stator armature winding is that open-type or closed type are fixed in the stator core teeth groove, the stator armature iron core is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the termination of stator armature winding is connected with corresponding electronic switching circuit, the stator armature winding adopts fractional-slot winding, has available for different connection modes.

Position transduser is a kind of mechanical contact detection rotor magnetic pole position that do not have, the device of forming by rotor sensor and sensor stator, wherein rotor sensor is fixed in the coaxial rotation that fuses on the motor shaft, sensor stator is placed in the stator casing, and detect the rotor magnetic pole position signal is provided, remove to trigger the electronic commutation switch circuit according to certain logical relation.Position transduser is divided into electromagnetic position sensor, photoelectric position sensor, Hall-type position transduser.

In Fig. 1, motor shaft drg 10 is an electronlmobil general-purpose machine shaft brake.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 7, the electronic commutation switch circuit is made up of the semiconductor power original paper of right quantity in electronic controller 9 logical power switch element and position sensor signal processing unit, and be connected with corresponding stator armature winding, trigger through going after certain logical process by the signal that position transduser produced, the conducting of controlling each power semiconductor (logical switch unit) with end, go to control the order and the time of each phase winding conducting of stator armature, the power of power supply is distributed to each phase winding of motor stator armature with certain logical relation, produce continual torque, output mechanical power.

In Fig. 1, battery pack 11 is valve-regulated lead-acid battery or high pressure nickel-hydrogen accumulator.

With motor power mouth and motor shaft drg power intake, motor shaft drg clutch end and the electric-powered input end of power combiner fuse respectively by axle; By each part mentioned above by machinery (axle), the circuit composition power electronics actuating device that fuses respectively.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 8, in power combiner 7, form two-freedom individual layer sun and planet gear by liquid nitrogen engine power input shaft, motor power input shaft, sun gear, planetary wheel, planetary gear carrier, gear ring, takeoff output axle drive shaft, shell.

Liquid nitrogen engine rotates by the center gear that power-transfer clutch, shaft brake drive sun and planet gear, drive takeoff output axle drive shaft, drive axle, semiaxis drive wheels and vehicle body by planetary wheel and planetary gear carrier then and travel, the gear ring of sun and planet gear is driven the shaft brake locking of motor at this moment.Drive motor rotates by the gear ring that shaft brake drives sun and planet gear, drives drive axle, semiaxis, wheel drive vehicle ' by planetary wheel and planetary gear carrier then.The center gear of sun and planet gear is driven the shaft brake locking of motor at this moment.Because the effect of liquid nitrogen engine shaft brake and motor shaft drg, the generator mode of motor and the conversion of electric motor mode can only independently drive and can not superpose.

Shaft brake is fixed center gear during regenerative brake, drives drive motor by planetary wheel, planetary gear carrier and gear ring and converts the generator mode generating to, the energy of reclaiming braking.

By axle power combiner clutch end and drive axle, semiaxis, wheel are fused respectively, by each part mentioned above respectively through machinery (axle) the composition vehicle body Power Drive Unit that fuses, fuse with vehicle body respectively by the each part mentioned above device, constitute low-temperature deep hybrid power Pneumatic automobile.

Embodiment 1, is example with commercial hybrid power railcar (taxicar), its major technique

Parameter designing is as follows:

F-Zero: 120 kilometers (km), voyage (a fueling continual mileage) farthest: mix 400 kilometers of operating condition method (km), 0～90km/h pick-up time 9s, maximum grade: 60%, fuel adding time: 30min, fuel: liquid nitrogen (N ₂), electric energy.

Configuration: global positioning system (CPS), Driver Information Center (DIC), vehicle electronics center (VEC); artificial intelligence controller (AI), energy management system (EMS), battery management system (BMS); Meteorological Information System, vehicle-mounted communication system, electronic chart; pedestrian's passive type safety system, collision avoidance radar, road surface detector; car-following distance detector, CAN bus, electric heating alternating temperature seat; safety air bag (SRS), wheel anti-skid brake system (ABS).

Claims

1. low-temperature deep hybrid power Pneumatic automobile, by cold expansion engine (1), low speed evaporator (2), high speed evaporator (3), power-transfer clutch (4), shaft brake (5), liquid nitrogen storage tank (6) passes through pipeline, machinery fuses respectively and forms liquid nitrogen engine and motor (8), motor shaft drg (10), electronic controller (9), battery pack (11) passes through circuit, machinery fuses and forms the power electronics actuating device, through power combiner (7), diff, semiaxis, wheel fuses by machinery and forms the vehicle body Power Drive Unit, by each part mentioned above respectively by machinery, circuit, pipeline, beam warp is crossed mechanical attachment, electronics connects, electric power connects, heat connects formation low-temperature deep hybrid power Pneumatic automobile, it is characterized in that: the low temperature liquid nitrogen plunger pump is exported and the low speed evaporator by pipeline, low speed evaporator outlet and high speed evaporator nitrogen inlet, the high speed evaporator nitrogen outlet fuses respectively through control cock and cold expansion engine nitrogen inlet; By axle with cold expander power mouth and power-transfer clutch power intake, power-transfer clutch clutch end and shaft brake power intake, shaft brake clutch end and power combiner pneumatic power input end fuse respectively; By pipeline cold expansion engine nitrogen outlet and high speed evaporator centrifugal supercharging blower nitrogen inlet are fused, with motor power mouth and motor shaft drg power intake, motor shaft drg clutch end and the electric-powered input end of power combiner fuse respectively by axle; By axle power combiner clutch end and drive axle, semiaxis, wheel are fused respectively.