CN200952364Y - 瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘 - Google Patents
瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘 Download PDFInfo
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- CN200952364Y CN200952364Y CN 200620111458 CN200620111458U CN200952364Y CN 200952364 Y CN200952364 Y CN 200952364Y CN 200620111458 CN200620111458 CN 200620111458 CN 200620111458 U CN200620111458 U CN 200620111458U CN 200952364 Y CN200952364 Y CN 200952364Y
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- slip spider
- drainage
- gas extraction
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Abstract
一种瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，具有缸体(1)、活塞(2)、卡瓦座(3)、卡瓦(4)及空心轴(5)，活塞(2)呈筒形并位于缸体(1)内壁与卡瓦座(3)之间，卡瓦座(3)在轴向上通过轴承与活塞(2)接触，卡瓦(4)一端安装在卡瓦座(3)的斜面滑道上，另一端伸入空心轴(5)内腔，活塞(2)与缸体(1)内壁之间形成有左右两个独立油压腔(6、7)，缸体上设有两个油口(8、9)分别与这两个油压腔(6、7)相通，卡瓦座(3)在轴向上分别通过左右两个轴承(10、11)与活塞(2)接触。本实用新型夹紧和松开均采用液压为动力，使用中不容易出故障，性能稳定，工作可靠，夹紧力大，使用寿命长。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型属于土层或岩石的钻进设备技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种瓦斯抽排放钻机用液压卡盘。
背景技术
瓦斯抽排放钻机主要用于煤矿井下钻瓦斯抽(排)放孔、注浆灭火孔、煤层注水孔、防突卸压孔、地质勘探孔或其它工程孔，卡盘是钻机上的重要部件，安装在动力头前端，用以夹持钻杆或者水辫轴而输出旋转运动。现有的液压卡盘为常闭式结构，主要由油缸缸体、活塞、碟形弹簧、卡瓦座、卡瓦及空心轴组成，碟形弹簧处于常压缩状态，碟形弹簧的弹力通过卡瓦座的滑道使卡瓦处于常夹紧状态，可根据需要直接夹钻杆或水辫轴；当卡瓦需要松开钻杆或水辫轴时，油缸缸体上的油口通入高压油，活塞通过轴承带动卡瓦座移动，卡瓦座压缩碟形弹簧并带动卡瓦离开钻杆或水辫轴。现有瓦斯抽排放钻机上常闭式结构的液压卡盘存在以下缺陷：1、由于液压卡盘在加紧和松开状态时碟形弹簧均始终处于压缩状态，时间一长，碟形弹簧易老化、失效，从而不能可靠夹紧钻杆，易发生事故；2、在实际应用过程中，泥浆会通过卡瓦座与空心轴之间的间隙进入并沉积在油缸缸体的左端盖内，会造成碟形弹簧被泥浆卡住，出现卡盘不能正常松开的现象；
3、空心轴旋转时会带动卡瓦及卡瓦座旋转，卡瓦座在轴承摩擦力的作用下通常会带动活塞旋转，活塞处的密封件在切向力作用下容易失效，从而造成油缸泄漏。
实用新型内容本实用新型要解决的问题是提供一种夹紧和松开均采用液压为动力，性能稳定，工作可靠的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘。
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，包含有缸体、活塞、卡瓦座、卡瓦及空心轴，活塞呈筒形并位于缸体内壁与卡瓦座之间，卡瓦座在轴向上通过轴承与活塞接触，卡瓦一端安装在卡瓦座的斜面滑道上，另一端伸入空心轴内腔，活塞与缸体内壁之间形成有左右两个独立油压腔，缸体上设有两个油口分别与这两个油压腔相通，卡瓦座在轴向上分别通过左右两个轴承与活塞接触。
由于活塞与缸体内壁之间有左右两个独立油压腔，活塞在油压作用下能实现双向运动，当活塞向右运动时，推动卡瓦座也向右移动，在卡瓦座与卡瓦之间的斜面作用下使卡瓦径向向里运动，从而夹紧钻杆或水辫；当活塞向左运动时，卡瓦座也向左移动，卡瓦座带动卡瓦松开。本实用新型与传统常闭式结构的卡盘相比，卡盘的夹紧和松开均采用液压为动力，省掉了碟形弹簧这个易失效和发生质量问题的零件，因此整个卡盘的性能稳定，工作可靠。
作为优选例，上述缸体的左端盖上设置有活塞导向销，该活塞导向销的一端伸入活塞的导向孔中，活塞沿导向销左右移动，但不能旋转。由于卡瓦座与活塞在轴向上通过轴承接触，采用导向销可避免在轴承的摩擦力作用下活塞随卡瓦座一起转动，从而提高活塞与缸体内壁之间密封件的使用寿命。
作为又一优选例，上述卡瓦座与活塞之间的两个轴承中位于左侧的一个为推力圆柱滚子轴承，以便承受并传递夹紧力，确保夹持可靠。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细说明。
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。
图2是本实用新型中卡瓦座3的结构示意图。
图3是图2的A向视图。
图4是本实用新型中卡瓦4的结构示意图。
图5是图4的B-B剖视图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本实用新型的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，具有缸体1、活塞2、卡瓦座3、卡瓦4及空心轴5，活塞2呈筒形并位于缸体1内壁与卡瓦座3之间，卡瓦4一端安装在卡瓦座3的斜面滑道上，另一端伸入空心轴5内腔，活塞2与缸体1内壁之间形成有左右两个独立油压腔6、7，缸体上设有两个油口8、9分别与这两个油压腔6、7相通，卡瓦座3在轴向上分别通过左右两个轴承10、11与活塞2接触，其中轴承11为推力圆柱滚子轴承，以便承受并传递夹紧力，确保夹持可靠。图1中活塞端盖16与轴承10之间设有隔离圈21，空心轴5的右端通过螺纹连接有挡圈19，挡圈19上安装有防水罩18，挡圈19内侧有三爪盘20对卡瓦4进行轴向限位，两个油口8、9分别设置在缸体1的左、右端盖1a和1b上。活塞2在油压作用下能实现双向运动，即卡盘的夹紧和松开均采用液压为动力，与传统结构相比省掉了碟形弹簧这个易失效和发生质量问题的零件，因此整个卡盘的性能稳定，工作可靠。
图1示出缸体1的左端盖1a上设置有活塞导向销12，该活塞导向销12的一端伸入活塞2的导向孔2a中。活塞2沿导向销12左右移动，但不能旋转，可避免在轴承的摩擦力作用下活塞2随卡瓦座3一起转动，从而提高活塞2与缸体1内壁之间密封件的使用寿命。
图1还示出活塞2与缸体1的接触面上以及缸体1的左、右端盖1a、1b与活塞2的接触面上均设置有密封圈13和耐磨环14，以确保活塞2运行平稳、密封可靠。
从图1可看出：缸体1的左、右端盖1a、1b与活塞2的接触面上设置有防尘密封15，以阻止外界污物污染密封圈13，提高了密封圈13的使用寿命。活塞2及卡瓦座3与空心轴5之间，以及活塞端盖16与卡瓦座3之间均设置有防尘密封17，以阻止污物进入轴承10和11，提高了轴承的使用寿命。
从图1还可看出：空心轴5内壁的左部设置有动力轴的连接键槽5a，卡盘作为一个整体部件通过平键或花键与动力输入轴相连，以方便检修和维护。
从图2至图5可看出：卡瓦座3上用来安装卡瓦4的斜面滑道3a为燕尾槽结构，卡瓦4在径向上与其相连的一端相应的为燕尾形，使卡瓦4与卡瓦座3之间连接可靠并且又能轴向滑动自如，本实用新型采用液压为动力，并通过卡瓦4与卡瓦座3之间的斜面结构来放大夹紧力，此斜面结构还具有机械自锁功能，确保了卡瓦4的卡紧力足够大，防止卡盘和钻杆打滑。卡瓦座3上设有润滑油道3b，使用中可通过该润滑油道3b向卡瓦座3和卡瓦4之间加润滑油，加油方便。图4、图5中标号4a为弧形垫板。
Claims (8)
1.一种瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，包括缸体(1)、活塞(2)、卡瓦座(3)、卡瓦(4)及空心轴(5)，活塞(2)呈筒形并位于缸体(1)内壁与卡瓦座(3)之间，卡瓦座(3)在轴向上通过轴承与活塞(2)接触，卡瓦(4)一端安装在卡瓦座(3)的斜面滑道上，另一端伸入空心轴(5)内腔，其特征在于：所述活塞(2)与缸体(1)内壁之间形成有左右两个独立油压腔(6、7)，缸体上设有两个油口(8、9)分别与这两个油压腔(6、7)相通，卡瓦座(3)在轴向上分别通过左右两个轴承(10、11)与活塞(2)接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，其特征在于：所述缸体(1)的左端盖(1a)上设置有活塞导向销(12)，该活塞导向销(12)的一端伸入活塞(2)的导向孔(2a)中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，其特征在于：所述卡瓦座(3)与活塞(2)之间的两个轴承中位于左侧的一个为推力圆柱滚子轴承。
4.根据权利要求1所述的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，其特征在于：所述活塞(2)与缸体(1)的接触面上以及缸体(1)的左、右端盖(1a、1b)与活塞(2)的接触面上均设置有密封圈(13)和耐磨环(14)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，其特征在于：所述缸体(1)的左、右端盖(1a、1b)活塞(2)的接触面上设置有防尘密封(15)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，其特征在于：所述活塞(2)及卡瓦座(3)与空心轴(5)之间，以及活塞端盖(16)与卡瓦座(3)之间均设置有防尘密封(17)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，其特征在于：所述空心轴(5)内壁的左部设置有动力轴的连接键槽(5a)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的瓦斯抽排放钻机用全液压卡盘，其特征在于：所述卡瓦座(3)上用来安装卡瓦(4)的斜面滑道(3a)为燕尾槽结构，卡瓦座(3)上设有润滑油道(3b)。
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101956537A (zh) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-26 | 镇江安达煤矿专用设备有限公司 | 可补偿夹紧的液压卡盘 |
| CN102094585A (zh) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-06-15 | 张家港市国锋探矿机械有限公司 | 岩心钻机液压卡盘 |
| CN102134974A (zh) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-07-27 | 建湖县鸿达阀门管件有限公司 | 钻杆提升装置 |
| CN102330537A (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-01-25 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | 坑道钻机及其液压动力头装置 |
| CN104790884A (zh) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-07-22 | 杭州祥龙钻探设备科技股份有限公司 | 一种小圆柱弹簧组常闭式条状卡瓦卡盘 |
| CN104832114A (zh) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-08-12 | 连云港黄海机械股份有限公司 | 全液压钻机液压卡盘 |
| CN105386718A (zh) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-09 | 重庆铁木科技发展有限公司 | 一种具有双轴的全液压钻机动力头 |
| CN106351593A (zh) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-01-25 | 衡阳中地装备探矿工程机械有限公司 | 一种可回退钻杆卡瓦结构 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101956537A (zh) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-26 | 镇江安达煤矿专用设备有限公司 | 可补偿夹紧的液压卡盘 |
| CN102094585A (zh) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-06-15 | 张家港市国锋探矿机械有限公司 | 岩心钻机液压卡盘 |
| CN102134974A (zh) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-07-27 | 建湖县鸿达阀门管件有限公司 | 钻杆提升装置 |
| CN102330537A (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-01-25 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | 坑道钻机及其液压动力头装置 |
| CN104790884A (zh) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-07-22 | 杭州祥龙钻探设备科技股份有限公司 | 一种小圆柱弹簧组常闭式条状卡瓦卡盘 |
| CN104832114A (zh) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-08-12 | 连云港黄海机械股份有限公司 | 全液压钻机液压卡盘 |
| CN106351593A (zh) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-01-25 | 衡阳中地装备探矿工程机械有限公司 | 一种可回退钻杆卡瓦结构 |
| CN105386718A (zh) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-09 | 重庆铁木科技发展有限公司 | 一种具有双轴的全液压钻机动力头 |
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