CN1997445A - 用于控制放热催化反应的温度的方法 - Google Patents
用于控制放热催化反应的温度的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00132—Tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/0015—Plates; Cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于控制放热反应的温度和蒸汽的同步生产的方法,该方法基于热交换器(5a)的使用,所述热交换器(5a)被沸水沿着在沸水进口(5h)和出口(5f)之间延伸的内部通道穿过。
Description
技术领域
本发明在其最普遍的方面涉及用于在假等温条件下,换句话说,在将反应温度控制在预定最适宜值附近的有限范围内的条件下,进行放热化学反应的方法。
特别是,本发明涉及基于嵌入其中发生上述类型的反应的催化床的管束或板状热交换器的使用,控制所述反应的温度的方法。
更具体而言,本发明涉及用于控制放热反应的温度和蒸汽的同步生产的上述类型的方法。
现有技术
已知为了控制希望在假等温条件进行的催化反应的温度,在大多数情况下利用在适当的热交换器内部流动的预定工作流体和其中嵌入所述交换器且其中发生上述反应的催化床之间的热交换。
还已知在放热或高放热反应的情况下,在上述热交换的情况下,通常使用水作为工作流体以得到充足产量的蒸汽以及反应温度的适宜控制。特别是,在此情况下,热交换工作流体是沸水。
穿过热交换器的沸水吸收一定量的热量,从而产生蒸汽。在热交换器的入口,将这种蒸汽与沸水分离、回收并且用于其中正在进行所考虑的放热反应的设备的各种运行中。
另一方面,将沸水循环到热交换器中以实现其热交换工作流体的功能。
尽管有利并且广泛应用于本领域,但是正由于进入热交换器的工作流体的温度是水的沸腾温度,这种技术具有公认的缺点。由于这种原因,控制反应温度的可能性是非常有限的,反应温度最低可达到的值在任何情况下均高于水的沸腾温度。
发明概述
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供用于控制放热反应的温度和蒸汽的同步生产的方法,该方法可克服现有技术的上述缺点。
根据本发明,通过上述类型的方法,基于如下热交换器的使用解决这种技术问题,所述热交换器被沸水沿着内部通道穿过,所述内部通道在沸水的进口和出口之间延伸,该方法的特征在于,将另外的水流输送到所述交换器的至少一个中,所述另外的水流在所述热交换器入口处的温度低于所述沸水的温度。
有利地,在至少一个位置处将所述另外的水流输送到所述至少一个热交换器中,所述至少一个位置相对于所述内部通道位于所述沸水进口的上游。
从参考附图,根据所述发现而完成的方法的实施方案的描述中,本发明的优点和特征将变得更清楚,所述实施方案仅仅为了说明性而非限制性目的而给出。
附图简述
图1显示了用于实施本发明的反应器的示意性截面图。
图2显示了图1的反应器的示意性横截面。
本发明的优选实施方案详述
参考图1,用于实施根据本发明的方法的反应器整体用1表示。
这种反应器1包含具有垂直轴X-X的圆柱形外壳2,配备有反应物的进口3a的上端部3和配备有产物出口4a的下端部4。
在这种反应器1的内部,在图1中以A和B标记的水平面之间,放置多个板状热交换器5,将其安置在相互平行且平行圆柱形外壳2的轴X-X的平面上(这就是它在图2的实施例中的情形;通常备选的是其中径向安置板状热交换器的情形),嵌入到催化床6中,以本身已知的方式支撑并因此没有说明。这种交换器具有扁平的平行六面体构造并且包含一对宽大的壁,所述壁优选由金属的、基本上平坦的、并置的、周边连接的板构成,从而限定在它们之中的腔,所述腔用作适当的热交换工作流体的通道并且通过适合的供应和排出连接与外部相通。
在多个热交换器5的每一个板状交换器5a中,限定上短边5b、下短边5c和两个长垂直边5d和5e。
所述多个热交换器5通过供应管7、循环管8和排出管9而与外部处于流体相通状态。
通过靠近下短边5c安置在垂直长边5e上的连接5g,供应管7与每一个热交换器5a处于流体相通状态,而通过靠近上短边5b安置在垂直长边5e上的连接5f,排出管9与每一个热交换器5a处于流体相通状态。
另一方面,通过以离下短边5c预定的距离安置在垂直长边5d上的适合的连接5h,循环管8与每一个热交换器5a处于相通状态。
通过循环管8和排出管9,多个热交换器5与在该反应器以外的蒸汽锅筒10处于相通状态。
根据本发明的方法,将反应物流通过进口3a输送到反应器1中,并且穿过催化床6(在此处反应物进行放热反应以提供反应产物),流向平行于轴X-X的出口4a。从催化床6出来的这种反应产物(可以是例如氨或甲醇)通过下端部4,从下端部4通过出口4a将其排出。
来自蒸汽锅筒10并且通过管8输送到反应器1的沸水流沿着内部通道穿过多个热交换器5,所述内部通道在对应连接5h的进口和对应连接5f的出口之间延伸。在图1举例说明的非限制性实施例中,沸水相对于催化床6内部的反应物流以逆流方式流动。
此外,通过供应管7和通过连接5g,将温度低于上述沸水的另外的水流注入到所述多个热交换器5的内部和相对于所述内部通道的连接5h的上游。
然后,另外的水流和沸水流在热交换器5a内部混合。
在热交换器5a内部流动的水通过该交换器的壁吸收在催化床6中由放热反应产生的反应热并且部分相变,从而导致蒸汽的产生。
在热交换器5a的出口,将沸水流和蒸汽通过排出管9送到蒸汽锅筒10,在此分离沸水和蒸汽。将沸水通过循环管8循环到反应器1中,而通过蒸汽排出管11取走蒸汽。
使用本发明的方法,在热交换器5a内部,特别是在连接5g和连接5h之间的区域,即温度低于沸腾温度的水的供应和沸水的供应之间的区域,可以达到低于水的沸腾温度的热交换工作流体的最低温度。
通过这么做,反应器的下部在低于沸腾温度的温度工作,所述温度还可以根据需要改变;另一方面,反应器的上部在高于沸腾温度的温度工作。
因此,使用本发明的方法可以解决上述的现有技术的问题。
由本发明产生的主要优点如下:可以将在下端部4的催化床6,即在反应物穿过的催化床的最后部分冷却更多;这种冷却使受到平衡限制的反应例如氨或甲醇合成反应的转化率得到提高。
根据本发明的方法的另外的优点是,在通过自然循环进行来自蒸汽锅筒的水的循环的情况下,以某一速度,即在来自蒸汽锅筒的水流的入口处高于水流本身的速度,将另外的水流注入到板状交换器的下部中,容易在恰当的方向上建立自然对流。
当然,本领域技术人员可以对上述用于控制放热催化反应的温度的方法进行诸多修改和改变以满足具体和暂时的需要,所有这些修改和改变在任何情况下均在如后附权利要求所限定的本发明的保护范围的覆盖之下。
Claims (3)
1.用于控制放热反应的温度和蒸汽的同步生产的方法,所述方法基于热交换器(5a)的使用,所述热交换器(5a)被沸水沿着在沸水进口(5h)和出口(5f)之间延伸的内部通道穿过,所述方法的特征在于,将另外的水流输送到所述交换器(5a)的至少一个中,所述另外的水流在所述交换器(5a)的入口(5g)处的温度比所述沸水的温度更低。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,在至少一个位置(5g)将所述另外的水流输送到所述至少一个交换器(5a)中,所述至少一个位置(5g)相对于所述内部通道位于所述沸水进口(5h)的上游。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个热交换器(5a)是所谓的板状热交换器。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04015139.1 | 2004-06-28 | ||
EP04015139A EP1611945A1 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2004-06-28 | Method for controlling the temperature in exothermic catalytic reactions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1997445A true CN1997445A (zh) | 2007-07-11 |
CN100528321C CN100528321C (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
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CNB2005800196586A Expired - Fee Related CN100528321C (zh) | 2004-06-28 | 2005-06-10 | 用于控制放热催化反应的温度的方法 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070292965A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1611945A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100528321C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR051270A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2005256376A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0512712A8 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2570996A1 (zh) |
EG (1) | EG24912A (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA06015178A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY160591A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2380149C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006000305A1 (zh) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3041915A2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2016-07-13 | Saudi Basic Industries Corporation | Hydrogenation reactor and process |
WO2017089936A1 (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-01 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Reactor and method of using same |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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BE606001A (zh) * | 1951-12-04 | |||
US3475137A (en) * | 1967-03-09 | 1969-10-28 | Chemical Construction Corp | Apparatus for exothermic catalytic reactions with integral heat exchanger |
US4072625A (en) * | 1975-03-03 | 1978-02-07 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Steam-hydrocarbon process |
US4152407A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1979-05-01 | Warren Fuchs | Process and apparatus for exothermic reactions |
US5869011A (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1999-02-09 | Lee; Jing Ming | Fixed-bed catalytic reactor |
EP1236505A1 (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2002-09-04 | Methanol Casale S.A. | Method for carrying out chemical reactions in pseudo-isothermal conditions |
EP1393798B1 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2010-06-02 | Methanol Casale S.A. | Method for carrying out chemical reactions in pseudo-isothermal conditions |
EP1563900A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-17 | Methanol Casale S.A. | Pseudo-isothermal chemical reactor for heterogenous chemical reactions |
-
2004
- 2004-06-28 EP EP04015139A patent/EP1611945A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-06-07 MY MYPI20052584A patent/MY160591A/en unknown
- 2005-06-10 MX MXPA06015178A patent/MXPA06015178A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-06-10 EP EP05763143.4A patent/EP1761329B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-06-10 CA CA002570996A patent/CA2570996A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-06-10 US US11/570,192 patent/US20070292965A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-06-10 AU AU2005256376A patent/AU2005256376A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-06-10 WO PCT/EP2005/006256 patent/WO2006000305A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-06-10 CN CNB2005800196586A patent/CN100528321C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-10 RU RU2007103302/15A patent/RU2380149C2/ru active
- 2005-06-10 BR BRPI0512712A patent/BRPI0512712A8/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-22 AR ARP050102574A patent/AR051270A1/es unknown
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2006
- 2006-12-27 EG EGNA2006001277 patent/EG24912A/xx active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006000305A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
BRPI0512712A (pt) | 2008-04-01 |
EP1761329B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
CA2570996A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
US20070292965A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 |
EP1761329A1 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
BRPI0512712A8 (pt) | 2018-05-08 |
MY160591A (en) | 2017-03-15 |
RU2007103302A (ru) | 2008-08-10 |
EP1611945A1 (en) | 2006-01-04 |
RU2380149C2 (ru) | 2010-01-27 |
EG24912A (en) | 2010-12-19 |
AR051270A1 (es) | 2007-01-03 |
MXPA06015178A (es) | 2007-03-26 |
CN100528321C (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
AU2005256376A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
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