CN1991191B - 轴承密封装置 - Google Patents

轴承密封装置 Download PDF

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CN1991191B
CN1991191B CN200610160336XA CN200610160336A CN1991191B CN 1991191 B CN1991191 B CN 1991191B CN 200610160336X A CN200610160336X A CN 200610160336XA CN 200610160336 A CN200610160336 A CN 200610160336A CN 1991191 B CN1991191 B CN 1991191B
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seal arrangement
bearing
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perforation
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CN1991191A (zh
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C·福蒂
A·塞拉菲尼
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
    • B60B35/18—Arrangement of bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/001—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving
    • B60C23/003—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres
    • B60C23/00363—Details of sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/005—Fluid passages not relating to lubrication or cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

用于机动车辆车轮毂盘轴承的密封装置包括一个静止环(1)和一个可旋转环(2)，每个环限定用作压缩空气通路的相应通道(6，7)。该密封装置(20)安装在该两环之间，以便沿横向限定和气密地密封一个环形空间(14)，该腔在轴承环(1，2)之间限定并与通道连通。密封装置包括两个沿轴向相互面对的密封组件(9)。每个密封组件包括环形支架(10)，该支架具有用来安装到第一轴承环(1)上的轴向圆筒壁(10a)和用来增强挠性衬圈(11)的径向壁(10b)。两个密封组件(9)用具有多个径向空气通路(22)的环形件(21)相连接。环形件(21)与圆筒壁(10a)共轴地配置并在径向进行过盈配合。圆筒壁(10a)沿轴向相互隔开，从而允许压缩空气流过环形件(21)的通路。

Description

轴承密封装置
技术领域
本发明涉及密封装置。
背景技术
已经知道有多种用于机动车辆车轮毂盘的轴承，它们装备着专门的通气孔和密封装置，以便将安装在机动车辆上的压缩空气源加压的空气充入轮胎。这些解决办法允许调整和/或监控轮胎内的空气压力。
附图1示出了一个例如从US-5484213得知的上述类型的轴承。图1轴承包括一个外环1、一个由两个轴向邻接的半环形成的内环2以及两组轴承滚珠3。在位于两组滚珠3之间的一个径向平面内具有几个穿过轴承外环1的外径向通道6，以及几个穿过轴承内环2形成的内径向通道7。
在由外环1、内环2和两组滚珠3所限定的环形空间内安装着两个环形密封组件9，它们允许压缩空气穿过该轴承的内通道7和外通道6。这两个密封组件沿轴向相互面对，并相对于该轴承装置通道6、7所在的径向平面对称地配置。每个密封组件9包括一个其上模压有一个挠性衬圈11的金属支架10。支架10由一张金属片弯曲而成以便具有一个轴向圆筒形壁和一个径向壁，所述圆筒壁沿轴向固定在轴承外环1上，而所述径向壁用来增强衬圈11。这个衬圈形成有一个气密密封唇部12，它与轴承内环2的一个接触面13滑动接触。这样配置的两个密封组件限定了一个中间环形腔14。由安装在该机动车辆上的一个压缩空气源(它可能是一个自动系统或者一个由驾驶员控制的系统的一部分)压缩的空气穿过装有该轴承的车轮悬架内存在的专用通道，再穿过通道6，进入中间环腔14，穿过内通道7，并从此处通过其它通道输送到轮辋并最终到达轮胎。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种通过单一的组装步骤就能装入轴承的密封装置。
本发明的另一个目的是：将该密封装置相对于穿过轴承环形成的空气通道以及相对于邻近的滚动件精确地设置在一个轴承内。尤其需要的是，确保该密封装置稳固地安装在该轴承内，以便随时保持正确轴向位置，对抗通过该轴承的压缩空气的不稳定的轴向冲击。
本发明的这些和其它目的和优点(在下文中将会得到更好的理解)可以借助于具有所附权利要求书所限定的特征的本发明的密封装置和轴承组件来达到。
附图说明
现在描述一个本发明最佳但不是限制性的实施例。参见附图，其中：
图1是一个轴承的局部轴向横截面图，该轴承装有一个已知类型的密封装置；
图2是一个轴承的局部轴向横截面图，该轴承装有一个根据本发明的密封装置；
图3和4是图2密封装置的轴向横截面图，正如在两个角度偏离的剖面中所看到的那样；
图5是本发明密封装置一个细部的局部透视图；而
图6是图3一个细部的放大视图。
具体实施方式
参见图2，机动车辆车轮毂盘用轴承装置包括一个静止外环1，一对可旋转的轴向邻接的内环2、2，以及两组滚动件3、3，所述滚动件在这个实例中是沿径向布置在外环1和内环2、2之间的滚珠。该轴承打算安装在装备着一个车上系统的机动车辆上，所述车上系统用来将压缩空气通过该车轮毂盘供应到轮胎内。
为了在其中装有外环1的悬架(未显示)和其上安装有内环2、2的旋转毂盘(未显示)之间形成空气连通，该轴承加工有一个或更多用来使压缩空气通过外环1的外径向通道6，以及一个或更多用来使压缩空气通过内环2、2的内径向通道7。两个标号为8的传统密封装置安装在该轴承的轴向相对端部，以便气密地密封轴承环之间的环状空间。
在外环1，内环2、2和两组滚珠3、3之间的环状空间内安装着一个总体标为20并且在图3和4中分开显示的密封装置。密封装置20用来沿横向限定和气密地密封该轴承环之间的一个环形空间或腔14，以便根据该空气的流动方向将压缩空气从内通道(6或7)通过腔14朝外通道(7或6)输送。
密封装置20包括一对用一个穿孔环21牢固地连接的环状密封组件9。两个密封组件9有利地完全相同，它们沿轴向相互面对并相对于一个径向平面P对称，所述平面在组装状态(图2)通过该轴承的通道6和7。
每个密封组件9包括一个环状金属支架10，其上模压有一个由挠性材料，例如弹性材料制成的衬圈11。该金属支架用一个弯成大致“L”形的金属片制造，以便提供一个轴向圆筒形的径向外壁10a和一个径向壁10b，所述外壁有力地配合在轴承外环1的圆筒腔1a中，而所述径向壁用来增强衬圈11。这个衬圈沿径向向内的方向延伸，以便形成一个主气密密封唇部12，它在由相应内轴承环2、2之一形成的接触表面13上滑动。
本文所用的术语和说法例如“轴向内部”和“轴向外部”应被认作相对于中间平面P。同样，“径向内部”和“径向外部”应被认作相对于该轴承的旋转轴线X。
最好是，在衬圈11上安装一个环形弹簧15，以便沿径向推动唇部12紧贴面对表面13。衬圈11还形成一个灰尘挡护唇部12a，它相对于主唇部12位于轴向外部。在图2和6中，衬圈11的唇部12和12a显示为它们的非变形状态。
参见图3和4，穿孔环21具有许多径向孔22，它们用作径向中央平面P内的通道。多个孔22沿圆周相互隔开以便与外轴承环内的通道6径向对准，而装置20就安装在该外轴承环之中。
环21以径向过盈有力地配合在多个支架的外圆筒壁10a之间，以便共轴地保持在多个支架的内侧面上。可以观察到，这两个相对的密封组件至少部分地相互轴向隔开，以便允许压缩空气流过环21的多个孔22。
这样就获得了一个紧凑的预组装装置，它能作为一个单件进行输送和装卸，并通过一个单独的组装步骤装入该轴承的圆筒腔1a。应该指出，这两个密封组件的挠性衬圈能有利地在一个单独模压步骤中同时模压在相应支架10上，而且所述支架已与穿孔环21预先相连接。
穿孔环21与该支架的圆筒壁10a在增加密封装置20的总径向强度方面进行协作，因此能以相当大的径向过盈有力地配合在腔1a中。这种压配合可使该密封装置随时保持在其装入轴承时的正确轴向位置，有效地对抗由压缩空气在腔14内的冲击造成的不稳定轴向推力并且有助于推动这两个密封组件按朝向滚动件3的相反的轴线方向相互离开。
由于稳固地连接两个密封组件9，穿孔环21减少了密封组件之一被安装在错误位置或者具有不正确歪斜的危险。因此也减少了压缩空气不通过流出通道7(或6)而从环形腔14中侧向泄漏的危险，这种泄漏将损害到达轮胎的空气供应量并减少该轴承的效率和有用寿命。
这两个支架的径向壁10b的轴向内部表面(或者说面对表面)紧靠穿孔环21相应的对立轴向端部。因此显而易见，环21也用来作为一个确保两密封组件9之间保持正确距离的分隔器。这就减少所述两个组件之一被置于过分中心的位置从而阻塞通道6的危险。
在附图所示的最佳实施例中，两个反向密封组件9的径向壁10b自由端部倾斜而且相互岔开，以便使有效空间最佳化并形成用于弹簧15的空间。
如图4和5所示，在该最佳实施例中，支架10的圆筒壁10a形成交替的一系列接片10c，所述接片沿轴线方向延伸并由多个槽口10d沿周向隔开，从而在不阻塞空气通道孔22的情况下使该轴承的支架和圆筒腔1a之间的接触表面最佳化。一个支架的接片10c与另一支架的接片轴向对准。接片10c的对向端部不相互接触，以便在这两个密封组件之间留出可靠的间隙。这样就可使万一由于不合格组装而使接片10c与环21的孔22和/或轴承通道6对准，空气也能沿径向通过该密封装置。
应该理解，本发明不受此处描述和图解实施例的限制，该实施例只被理解为一个本发明示范性应用。相反，本发明对零件形状和位置、结构和功能细节作出多种变型。熟悉本技术的人们会认识到：在某些变型中，本发明同样能用一个与附图所示圆筒环21形状不同的环形件来实现。例如，一个与此处标以21的圆筒环等效的环形件可以具有形状或安排不同于中心孔22的空气通道或凹口。

Claims (13)

1.一种密封装置，它用于滚动轴承，尤其是一个包括至少一个静止环(1)和至少一个可转动环(2)的轴承，每个所述环限定用作压缩空气通路的相应通道(6，7)，在此处所述密封装置(20)包括两个沿轴向相互面对的环形密封组件(9)，而且每个密封组件(9)包括一个环形支架(10)，所述支架具有一个用来安装到一个第一轴承环(1)上的轴向圆筒壁(10a)和一个大致径向的壁(10b)，所述径向壁从所述圆筒壁(10a)伸出以便增强一个挠性衬圈(11)，其特征为，
所述两个密封组件(9)用一个具有许多径向空气通路(22)的穿孔环(21)进行连接，
所述穿孔环(21)共轴地布置并且以径向过盈配合有力地连接在所述两个支架(10)的所有两个圆筒壁(10a)内，而且
所述两个支架的径向壁(10b)提供了轴向内部、面对表面，其轴向地紧靠所述穿孔环(21)的相应的对立轴向端部，而且
所述两个支架的圆筒壁(10a)至少部分地被所述穿孔环(21)沿轴向相互隔开，以便允许压缩空气流过所述穿孔环(21)的所述通路(22)。
2.根据权利要求1的密封装置，其特征为，所述径向通路(22)设置在所述穿孔环(21)的一个径向中央平面(P)内。
3.根据权利要求2的密封装置，其特征为，所述两个密封组件(9)相对于所述中心中央平面(P)对称地配置。
4.根据权利要求1的密封装置，其特征为，所述两个密封组件(9)是相同的。
5.根据权利要求1的密封装置，其特征为，所述穿孔环(21)是一个圆筒环，而所述多个径向通路(22)是多个径向通孔。
6.根据权利要求1的密封装置，其特征为，所述径向通路(22)沿周向相互隔开。
7.根据权利要求1的密封装置，其特征为，所述两个对立密封组件(9)的所述径向壁(10b)具有相互岔开的倾斜自由端部。
8.根据权利要求1的密封装置，其特征为，每个所述圆筒壁(10a)形成一组沿轴线方向延伸并用多个相应槽口(10d)沿周向隔开的接片(10c)。
9.根据权利要求8的密封装置，其特征为，所述穿孔环(21)的所述通路(22)与相应的槽口(10d)沿径向对准。
10.根据权利要求8的密封装置，其特征为，一个支架的所述接片(10c)与另一支架的所述接片(10c)沿轴向对准。
11.根据权利要求10的密封装置，其特征为，一个支架的所述接片(10c)具有与所述另一支架的所述接片(10c)的自由端部沿轴向隔开的轴向自由端部。
12.一种尤其是用于机动车辆车轮毂盘的滚动轴承组件，它包括如权利要求1所述的密封装置(20)，所述轴承组件包括一个限定了轴承腔(1a)并且具有至少一个静止环(1)和至少一个可转动环(2)的轴承，每个所述环限定用作压缩空气通路的相应通道(6，7)，并且其中所述穿孔环(21)有力地同轴配合在所述环形支架(10)的圆筒壁(10a)内，并且所述圆筒壁(10a)有力地配合在所述腔(1a)内。
13.根据权利要求12的轴承组件，其特征为，由所述两个密封组件(9)的所述穿孔环(21)形成的多个所述径向通路(22)沿周向相互隔开，以便与所述轴承环(1)内形成的通道(6)沿径向对准，而所述装置(20)就安装在所述轴承环(1)内。
CN200610160336XA 2005-11-17 2006-11-16 轴承密封装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1991191B (zh)

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EP05110859A EP1787830B1 (en) 2005-11-17 2005-11-17 A sealing device for bearings having channels for supplying pressurized air to the tire of a vehicle wheel

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EP1787830A1 (en) 2007-05-23
EP1787830B1 (en) 2008-07-23
US7625127B2 (en) 2009-12-01
DE602005008450D1 (de) 2008-09-04
US20070133916A1 (en) 2007-06-14
CN1991191A (zh) 2007-07-04
KR20070052657A (ko) 2007-05-22

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